congratulations, colleagues, thank you for your work, the news team will continue to work on the most important things, we will tell you, in particular, about the new sanctions from the usa on russia. be with us. the agreement on cooperation with... in the field of security and long-term support was signed by president volodymyr zelenskyi and prime minister of denmark mete frederiksen. this year, the kingdom's military support will amount to at least 1 billion 800 million euros. the document contains provisions on supporting ukraine's future membership in the eu and nato. and also denmark guarantees cooperation in the industry defense industry, will help integrate f-16 fighters and develop the fleet. will provide high-tech technology. - noted

in the president's office. term of validity - 10 years. denmark is the first non-g7 country to sign such a document. on the second anniversary of the full-scale russian invasion, the white house released a statement from the american leader. joseph biden announced the introduction of more than half a thousand new sanctions against russia for the war of aggression against ukraine and the death of the russian opposition. alexei navalny. restrictions are directed against people associated with dissident intelligence, as well as against the russian financial sector, defense-industrial base, procurement networks, and those who evade sanctions. the list includes almost 100 companies that support the russian military machine. putin will pay an even greater price for his aggression abroad and repression at home, the head of the white house said. let

them see, ukrainian farmers have brought agricultural machinery damaged or destroyed by the russian invaders to the border with poland, it will be placed at the krakow checkpoint korchova. agrarians want to show the polish protesters the conditions under which farmers continue to work in ukraine. signs were hung on everything, indicating which region it was from and to whom it belonged. according to the study, at the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the occupiers... destroyed or damaged almost 6 billion dollars worth of agricultural machinery. a child and a husband were rescued from the fire. in mykolaiv , a residential building caught fire in the morning. firefighters took a 10-year-old girl and a 66-year-old man out of the densely smoky room. doctors provided first aid to the victims, told the emergency services that the area of ​​20 m2 was on fire. the fire

was extinguished, its causes are currently being determined. the higher anti-corruption court continues to choose a preventive measure for ex-people's deputy serhiy pashinskyi. our correspondent kateryna galko follows the course of the event. she is with us live. katya, congratulations, and what is known as of now? i congratulate anna eva, i congratulate the viewers of the espres tv channel. so now, in... the court session, a technical break was announced for 15 minutes, it was noted that vax continues to choose a preventive measure for serhiy pashynskyi from 13:00, the meeting is open , however, representatives of the mass media and free listeners are watching it from a separate hall where the broadcast is being conducted, i would like to note that several dozen free listeners passed the meeting today, mostly with posters in support of serhii pashynskyi, so at this time we had time to listen to four the motion of the defense, in particular... it is they who ask to hear tetyana

chornovol as a witness, while the court postponed this motion and determined, decided to decide on it a little later, we also heard the arguments of the defense side, at least they began to listen to them, and they claim that this pre-trial investigation, the case for the pre-trial investigation was compiled in a hurry , i suspect that after a technical break we will continue to listen to the arguments of the lawyers, i will also remind you that serhiy, who is suspected of embezzlement and the sale of almost a hundred tons of oil products confiscated by the state, which were to be used for the needs of our army, because of this, in 2014-2018, the state suffered losses in the amount of almost uah 1 billion. prosecutors demand for serhii pashinsky preventive measure in the form of detention for 60 days with the possibility of bail in the amount of

uah 299 million 999,100. that's all the information, let's stop for now, we continue to follow the court session, and now i'm passing on the ater to you. thank you, colleague, kateryna galka, from the capital. in detail about the case of serhiy pashinsky, these are the cases at the moment, i tell you, see you on the 16th, read more about important things on our website espresso tv, subscribe to our channels in social networks, be close. no one is immune from pipe bursts. and even a small leak can cost you tens of thousands of hryvnias for repairs. unpack tv presents superprotect insulating tape, a strong, rubberized, waterproof tape that will instantly stop any leakage, and the price is only from uah 99. superprotect has a triple thickness and

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hello holk, and what for bile? alohol, he and protects the liver and bile, alohol with care and respect for the liver and bile. tomorrow it will be exactly two years since the russian federation decided to carry out a large-scale invasion of the territory of our state, and also on these days we remember the events of the maidan. on this occasion , the espresso tv channel actually made a cycle of such interviews and stories about the 10 years of the war for independence. today we suggest that you watch the interview of our colleague khrystyna yatskiv with valery pekar right now and actually understand, perhaps, why this war is happening. how it affects ukrainians, let's watch together. welcome to espresso. this is a special project

dedicated to the second anniversary of the russian federation's large-scale invasion of ukraine. and we have prepared for you a cycle of interviews with the most interesting guests in order to... talk not only about today's day, but also about prospects. yes, this is also extremely important, and today i invite valery pekar, a ukrainian entrepreneur, public figure, teacher of the business school of the ukrainian katorytskyi university and the kyiv-mohyla business school to the conversation. i congratulate you. glory to the day, glory to the heroes. today we will talk about the prospects and vision of the reconstruction of ukraine, how it should happen in general, and how we and the world offer it to the world. perhaps offers us our future role, i would like to turn now to your works, in particular, last march you wrote about the so-called inertial scenario for ukraine, not the best trajectory of our movement after the war, in case we do not resort to growth

even through crisis, yes, if we do not continue to fight corruption, overcome shortcomings of our systems there, the state. institutions, not only do we not continue to reform, but also change something in the minds of our own society, a year has passed, in fact, a little less, what do you think? from this scenario, has it increased or, on the contrary, decreased? i would start by saying that ukrainian society is not meeting the second anniversary of the great invasion in the best condition, on the contrary, at such an emotional low point, and this is also caused by inflated expectations of the 23rd year, we approached the 23rd year with a very high expectations that were formed. in vain, and now, in fact,

we have swung in the other direction on this roller coaster, now is a low emotional point, and on the other hand, objectively, there is little to brag about, because the situation at the front is also difficult, i will not comment on it , because i am not a military man, and the economy is not very good, and the ukrainian state institutions continue to decline, and western support is in question, and... all this raises the question before us, is it generally worth talking about recovery now, huh, and here are a few things to say: first, we, the people, we get tired, we we burn out, and in order for us to live on and live normally, work and fight, we need a picture of the future, without a picture of the future it is very difficult, and it is the picture of the future that unites people, gives them strength, secondly, the biggest problem of the country ... after the war there will be human capital, people leaving, people who left, they will or

will not return, based on what ukraine will be like at that time, and it is very important for us today, now, to give them this picture of the future, so that it attracts them to return here, and thirdly, there are our foreign ones partners, they essentially finance our war today, and they finance our reforms, and they want to understand with their money what kind of country we will build. and finally, the fourth factor is that the window of opportunity is always very short, and we need to prepare well so that when it opens, we are ready. here are four reasons why we need to talk about recovery right now, despite the fact that it all seems very far away. and finally, there is a fifth factor, there are things without which we are we simply cannot win because there are roads, bridges, energy. eh, which must be restored immediately, and here i would like to talk a little more about words, words are important, you, as

a journalist, know this well, ah, it all started with the word reconstruction, and this word is not optimal either, because it rather , it is associated with rebuilding everything that was destroyed by the russian occupiers, ugh, precisely because of this in 2022, ah, there appeared: er, an english expression appeared, which can be translated as build better , than it was, to rebuild better than it was, what ukrainians are for intellectuals, for example, roman zinchenko , said why build on the better than the past, let's build forward, not back, ugh, and therefore six months after the start of work on restoration plans, the corner of reconstruction, it became clear that the correct word ... this is not reconstruction, but restoration, that is, restoration combines both building

what was destroyed, but building it better than it was, and building what is not there. we do not need to rebuild ukraine of the 1970-80 model, we need to build ukraine model of 2030 in order to be there, and finally there is a third, very important word, modernization, this is to move the country to the next level of development, not just to recover, but... to make blood rise, and here it must be said that war is always, always creates a chance for a qualitative economic leap , although war is always blood, death, destruction and suffering, but by its very nature, it creates a chance for a leap, there are countries and nations that used this chance, there are countries and nations that this the chance was wasted, and here it is worth looking at what unites the successful history and what unites the unsuccessful stories , the countries that used did not waste the chance

for a qualitative economic leap, they are united by the same factors, let's look at them, to a large extent these are post-war factors, but they must be looked at now , the first such factor is the security umbrella, someone has to open the security umbrella over the country, as nato opened, essentially the united states of america. over western europe after the 45th year, how the security umbrella opened over south korea after the korean war, if there is no security, then the country spends on its own security. all its resources for recovery, for development, for modernization, there is nothing left, and here it is very good that ukraine began without expecting admission to nato, i will say frankly, everyone who has any illusions about the fact that nato will dawn on us very quickly, is unlikely , because the main task of nato is to avert a big war between western civilization and others, and therefore until

the war is over and until it continues to shine on us , in various scenarios the war. may end, but not for long, and so on, otherwise we do not expect this, we can be fully integrated into nato, but not be a member of nato, that is, we will not be covered by their protection, so it is great that ukraine has begun to sign bilateral agreements, and we will look at these agreements and understand who is our real ally, here we understand very clearly that our number one ally is great britain, which is actually the intellectual leader in the world today. in matters of support for democracy and international order, and it is precisely with them that the first agreement is made, but now i have not seen germany yet, i i did not have time to see what is written in the text, but i hope that in the future we will see such important countries for us, for example, as the scandinavian countries, for example, norway has huge funds that can be spent on the modernization of ukraine,

the transformation of ukraine , of course to the benefit of norway, for norwegian investors. to the next level of development. sweden, for example, produces all kinds of weapons. finland, for example, is not afraid of russia. this is also important, which is also important. i put it mildly. therefore, it is very important for us that such countries are ours allies here i would like to add a little negativity, because we still do not have an ambassador in great britain, an ambassador in norway, just as there is no ambassador in the czech republic, which... is a very important ally of ours in central eastern europe, but let's not be negative, we hope that everything will be fixed soon, and the first is the security umbrella, the second, the second is the rule of law, it is our indisputable key to european integration, to nato, to any development scenarios, and here the situation

is bad, ukraine is moving along the path of introducing the law, gaining some positive ones points, but falls in the rating. for example, over the past year we fell 11 positions from the 78th to the 89th position, and here it is worth mentioning alice in wonderland, because we are gaining positive points and falling in the ranking, why? because as i said, as it is said in this work, there are places where you have to run very fast to stand still, and you have to run even faster in order to move forward, we are moving somewhere, but the whole world is moving even faster and we are falling in the ratings. the third issue is the economy. absolute freedom, so the first is an umbrella of security, the second is supremacy rights, and the third - economic freedom. here the situation is quite unpleasant, because as of january 1, 22, we were ranked 130, 130th in the world ranking of economic freedom, which means that not only are we not on the radars of any decent people, in principle, somewhere there

country of the third fourth world. the 130th place in the world in the rating of economic freedom means that... the country has no chance with such results neither for recovery, nor for victory, for anything. the good news is that the government understands this well and is planning measures that will radically improve this situation. the bad news is that it is not the government that makes the decision about what will happen to us, this decision is made , as they say now, i am such a meme, five or six effective managers somewhere behind closed doors, and i do not even invite government officials to these meetings. this is about the weakness of state institutions, more precisely, the fact that we have one set of institutions in the law, and de facto a slightly different one. absolutely right. thank you. therefore, we need to radically improve economic freedom. and the rule of law and economic freedom are the things that we are not the only ones we can and must do now during the war. why? without economic freedom, we simply cannot win. we simply do not have enough

resources to achieve our victory, because for us, i am talking about it. i will say more, because we need more money in the state budget, and for this we need a bigger economy, we need to greatly increase our economic capacity in order to collect more money in the state budget, in order to finance such important things, for example, like mobilization, everyone talks about mobilization, but everyone considers it is exclusively a military tool, and it is also an economic tool, money is needed , sorry, for mobilization, if the economy is not able to provide this money, for... i grant that our allies and partners pay us civilian bills, we wage war with our own money , on taxpayers' money, and there should be more of them, not in such a way as to slaughter the hen that... lays the golden eggs, or pluck the geese, as certain statesmen are trying to do here, but in such a way as to increase the economy, and for that we need

economic freedom here and now, literally in in the 24th year, because otherwise it may happen that the economy will not live to victory, and the fourth factor is democracy, can there be economic growth without democracy, obviously, there are numerous examples of such... countries, the same south korea, chile is at a certain stage of its development, turkey, but this growth , firstly, is not durable and not stable, and secondly, we are not talking about an abstract country at some abstract moment of its existence, we are talking about ukraine here and now, ukraine has long been industrialized, ukraine has long been urbanized, i.e. cities formed, ukraine has long been a modern, modern, industrial country that has already partially developed a post-industrial economy. in which the main source of added value, and therefore added value, is a free creative person, if now, for example, such a serious branch of the ukrainian

economy as information technology disappears, then we will see quite miserable economic results, because these are the best, most talented people, and it is the fastest growing and most war-resistant part of our economy. despite everything troubles, if there were colleagues from this industry here, they would say that the war affects them very much, but still less than, for example, the agricultural sector or metallurgy. and therefore, if the basis of the economy is free creative people, sorry, there is no way to do without democracy. ah, and finally the last thing that deserves, the last factor that deserves a separate consideration is the human capital, it's the people that are the country's biggest problem after the war, which is already. said, maybe we'll talk about it a little later, so that it's more detailed, because it's the most important thing, and here finally, when you have all this security umbrella, the rule of law, economic

freedom, democracy and human capital, that 's when the most important thing comes, the most important word is investment, and they often say, here are russia's assets, are they enough to capture or not will it be enough, will our western partners generally give... they will not give us money for the reconstruction of the marshall plan, by the way, what is interesting, we still call the marshall plan in our communications and journalists in their publications by the name of the long-dead american a statesman, which means that there is no marshal plan yet, because when the real name of a living person, a man or a woman, appears there, that is, today today, that means today's active statesman or woman of our time, then we will understand , that there is already a plan, but... well , the marshall plan actually gave european western european economies not very large funds for their recovery, sometimes they say up to four to 7% of the necessary sums. more than

90% of the funds needed for recovery of any country after any war, these are investments, these are private investments both externally, internally, and externally, and what do investors want? and the investor wants all of the above-mentioned parasols of security , economic freedom, the rule of law, and human capital, that is actually the answer to many of our questions, with which funds ukraine is being restored , what is the correct name for this restoration, what factors are important here, so i tried to outline it like this this topic, you have actually noted points by point, which is important for the restoration and modernization of ours countries. but some of these points directly depend on the military security situation in the country, and i will ask you a question, can we even talk about restoration,

modernization, hold forums with our partners, form some visions, while we do not understand, and what actually for will we be victorious in the war? because again, there is a debate and people see things differently. this story, someone says that the exit to the borders of 91 is what we need, but this does not exclude the security situation when the russian federation continues our missile shelling, or rather their missile shelling of our territories. someone says that, in principle, the cessation of active hostilities could be called the end of this phase of our long war with the russian federation. can we then proceed to recovery? ah... well, let's say this, the possibility of an umbrella is above us, but not above this one. the entire territory,

i.e. also formats that can be talked about, and until we deal with this, can we talk about restoration and modernization? i really appreciate your question because it seems that as of today, on february 24, 2024, this is the most important question in ukraine, and really , what can be considered a victory, the talks about the borders of 1991, let's be honest, our partners laugh at them, and inside the country it causes not... better emotions, because everyone perfectly understands, well, first of all, the armed forces of ukraine already went to the border in 1991, it was in august 2014, but the war continued and continues for another 10 years after that, and secondly, critical things shelling of ukrainian cities, blocking of ports, i.e. exports, etc the actual skirmish on the line at the front, they can continue after that, so common

sense... won't help us understand what victory is, we need a strategy classic for that, and one of the strategy classics of the 20th century, sir beselgart very clearly defined, that victory is peace, better than the previous one, if the war really continues, obviously this is not peace better than the previous one, it is generally not peace, if the war has ended, but preparations for the next phase of the war have begun at a frantic pace, and such a scenario is possible, it is not peace better than previous. "if ukraine has lost a significant part of its human resources, territory, and economic potential, it is not peace that is better than the previous one, but what is peace that is better than the previous one? the answer is very simple: the peace that is better than the previous one is when the war has ended for a long time, it is permanent peace, that 's when russia never threatens ukraine again, and that's actually the answer to your question, something as a result of the actions of the armed forces of ukraine,

our allies, international sanctions, changes in the political situation inside russia , as a result of the actions of various actors there, and finally implementation of the international strategy of ending the war, something happened that made it impossible to further threaten ukraine from the russian side, here the answer is actually very simple: as long as russia is an empire, and it is an empire, not a federation, as we understand it, as long as russia is an empire, ukraine will in danger, russia must cease to be an empire, there are various options for how this can happen, the best option for us is called de-imperialization or decolonization, that is, the formation of new independent states, indigenous enslaved peoples, i am using a term that has already is actually introduced into ukrainian legislation, indigenous enslaved peoples, and even

when russia transforms in this way, it will never threaten ukraine. by the way, a significant part of these newly independent states will be both political and economic allies of ukraine. today , to a large extent, a certain number of them are largely focused on ukraine, as an example of how to jump out and become successful. for them, we internally evaluate it as a generally not very successful country, and today we know a huge a number of ukrainian men and women are convinced that everything is not going where it should. but from the point of view of people living in sakha yakutia or beshkurtostan, ukraine is a fairly successful example of post-imperial, post-colonial, liberal democratic transformation. so victory is when russia never threatens ukraine again, but obviously between total victory and total defeat, there's a range of different solutions, and that's why i'm so

grateful you brought that up. because today ukrainian society terribly lacks an open public discussion in relation to that, where is the border, where is the red line, what is acceptable for ukraine at this stage, what is unacceptable, where is that, that is, between victory and defeat lies not yet defeat, not victory and a bunch of other various options, in which we today is absolutely not sorted out. we don't have a public debate about this, and i am especially grateful to individual journalists who are just starting to talk about it, but we need a broad public debate, including with the participation of political leaders who definitely have a position to express, including with the participation of military personnel, veterans, public intellectuals, universities and so on, and i will give an example, today...