someone comes cursing, well, because he believes that he cannot serve, and according to our canons, he is suitable for military service, someone comes with thanks, but the most important thing is that they join the army, for us this is the greatest comfort. thanks to extensive experience in military surgery, hryhoriy prykhorenko's team was able to set up a successful operation in the hospital, during the war... and thus save hundreds of lives of our soldiers. khrystyna porubiy, nazar malnyk, espresso tv channel. the chas time program of the ukrainian voice of america service is broadcast from washington. i am yulia yarmolenko. congratulations. anniversary

of russia's full-scale invasion of ukraine, us president joe biden called on congress to immediately approve aid to ukraine. history is watching - he emphasized again. congressmen insist the president must cut short his two-week vacation, return to washington and approve the aid before it's too late. summarizing the two years of the russian-ukrainian war, he emphasized the bravery of ukrainians, putin's failures, and the critical need for continued support from the united states and its allies. two years ago, before dawn, russian troops crossed the border of ukraine, and putin believed that he could easily bend the will, break the resolve of the free people of ukraine, invade ukraine and easily defeat the ukrainians. two years later, he remains wrong, he can't do it. kyiv still stands, ukraine is still free, the people of ukraine remain defiant and unbroken in the face of putin's powerful offensive. it's for... their absolute bravery

and sacrifice, but it's also our credit. remember, the united states has assembled a coalition of more than 50 countries for support of ukraine. we united and expanded nato. we can't leave now. putin is betting on this, that we will go. that is why today i will speak with representatives of the group of seven, some of the heads of the european union and nato. that is why i am announcing more than 500 new sanctions. let me be clear, the house must pass a bipartisan national security bill. the draft law provides for urgent financing for ukraine. history is watching, the clock is ticking, brave ukrainian soldiers and civilians are dying. russia for the first time for many months captures new territories of ukraine, but... here in america, the speaker gave

the house of representatives a two-week vacation. they must come back, they must come back and do it, because the refusal to support ukraine at this critical moment will never be forgotten in history. it will be appreciated and it will have an impact for decades to come. america can prove that americans can be trusted. america stands for freedom. we never bow to anyone, especially to. by putin if you don't stand up to putin now, he will come back with even bigger appetites. in particular, with these words, the minister of foreign affairs of great britain, david cameron, called on the world community to continue supporting ukraine. the british minister made this speech at the session of the un general assembly dedicated to the occupied territories of ukraine, which took place on friday in new york. other high-ranking officials took part in the meeting, including the minister of foreign affairs of ukraine, dmytro kuleba.

we will talk more about the purpose behind these and the main statements with my colleague iryna solomko, who is currently in direct contact with the studio with headquarters of the un apartment. irina, hello. it is clear that the un is not the most obvious platform for talking about the importance of supporting ukraine with weapons, but still, did the ukrainian minister try to draw attention to this today? yes, yuli, congratulations, you absolutely rightly pointed out that , in fact, the un is not the right platform, moreover , today... the main topic, that is, today there are two main events, the first is an open debate dedicated to the situation on the temporary occupied territories, this is an annual debate, and the second one has literally started now meeting of the security council dedicated to the second anniversary, but less so, today there are 25 ministers or deputy ministers from different countries in the un, this just shows how important the topic of ukraine, the topic of war is for the world, so of course dmytro koleba used this opportunity to to talk about this topic, we talked with him already. after his speech in the general

assembly, he said that various representatives were present, and he tried to communicate this to them, moreover, there are important people present who make important decisions and in administration, and in general in the... in the structure and decision-making of the united states, and one of those people is of course the permanent representative of the united states, prion linta thomas greenfield, and he also talked, and basically, now you can hear about what they spoke i had a detailed conversation with minister blinkin a week ago at the munich security conference, and we discussed all issues related to defense. this was the main focus of our conversation. today i met with the us ambassador to the un, who... is also a member of the cabinet, we talked about defense packages and the most urgent needs of the ukrainian army, as a member of the cabinet, she has the right to convey these messages to president biden and members of his administration. iryna, minister kuleba

devoted most of his speech to the topic of just peace. russia, however, does not show any signs that it is ready to negotiate. why is ukraine deciding to focus on this topic right now? yes, yulia, and you know, in general, it was such a surprise, probably for both experts and journalists, when mr. koleba began to speak and, in general, the way he spoke, that is, he was very calm because everyone expected it to be the second anniversary, and he would be a little bit, probably more dramatic, and the facts that he would say, they would probably have to do with the results of this two-year invasion, but he was talking about the peace formula, he talked about it, in principle he named new numbers, he talked about the fact that the former... the peace formula started with 12 countries that were supported, now there are 85, of course, he also talked about the fact that the un supported this initiative when the general assembly voted for this resolution, and then it essentially allowed the un secretariat to be involved in all these activities. he also spoke about the fact that precisely

because the security council is unable to help ukraine solve this issue, it was precisely the general assembly that took such a lead and three...quarters of the countries of the security council supported ukraine and condemned russia in key resolutions. and it is they who are now continuing this peaceful dialogue, and he also said that if the general assembly had the powers that the security council has, then wars would not have been in ukraine, that is, it would have been able to finish it, but returning to the question of the peace formula, he also said that because this speech could be interpreted to some extent, what ukraine shows, especially against the background of all these conversations that ukraine is being forced to... not freeze the conflict, it seemed that he might be hinting at this, so after the speech we managed to talk to him, and he says that this is absolutely not the case, that ukraine is absolutely not surrendering their positions, this is not this speech is not a sign of their readiness, that ukraine is ready to surrender, is, on the contrary, a sign

that ukraine continues to stand on its principles and values. we are talking about the peace formula, as an initiative to stop the war in ukraine and restore it. this means, in particular , the restoration of the territorial integrity of ukraine and bringing russia to justice, but we are not talking about negotiations with russia, the basis of the discussion is the creation of a coalition of countries that will sign those specific points that they consider appropriate for themselves, and then we let's start working on how to actually implement them, so it's not a message of concession on our part, it's a message that peace will be restored. on our terms, not imposed on us. iryna, what main messages would you highlight from the statements of other high-ranking officials, do ukrainian partners promise to stand with ukraine as confidently as before? yes, julia, in fact,

they stand the same way, and it started with the speech of the president of the general assembly, who called on the country to continue to support ukraine and stand with ukraine, as well as such a powerful there was a speech from the polish minister and regardless of all these lighters now we have because of the farmers and over the border, he basically ended his speech with an appeal to putin and he said that in europe and more the days of european imperialism are gone, and also others spoke speaking about , that in essence the issue of the war in ukraine is not just an issue of ukraine, it is about the country's right to defend its sovereignty, its principles and territorial integrity, and in principle this is... the right of every country to self -defense, the so-called small countries talked about it in particular, it was part of the speech of the representative of north macedonia, and of course, you already mentioned david cameron, the prime minister of great britain, he had a very powerful speech, he just mentioned that in 2008, accordingly, when there was georgia

, he said that russia will not stop there, in the 14th year, when there was crimea, he said, russia will not stop there, but he is just saying that now, if we do not stop ukraine russia in ukraine, then... she then it will go accordingly to europe and precisely for that reason, that is why the war in ukraine is a struggle there not for the sake of ukraine, it is a struggle for the world and a struggle, and that is, it is not a struggle of ukraine, it is our struggle. we are talking about the consequences of insufficient support for ukraine. and yes, there are many who just want peace and don't care what this unjust peace brings. and i have a very simple example of '38, when so many people in europe wanted peace, and it led to... another conflict that devastated the world. and unfortunately, this is happening now. russia will not stop if it is not

stop. and we have the means and the ukrainians have the will. so the only question is how best to do it. obviously, you can feel it here too. in the hall of the general assembly, or in the rooms of the european council, or whatever, there is fatigue. but of course, this minister has repeatedly said that ukraine's western partners have no right to be tired. thank you, iryna, for the communication from headquarters. the united states today announced more than half a thousand new sanctions against russia, both for the continuation of the war and for the death in the colony of the oppositionist oleksii navalny, this... currently the largest package of us sanctions against russia. the restriction applies to, among others, the russian financial sector, the military-industrial

base, procurement networks and those who evade sanctions. despite the large number of restrictions, some experts do not consider this round of sanctions to be very effective. however, us secretary of state anthony blinken, in response to a question from voice of america , said that the sanctions of the event are already having an effect and it will continue. i am convinced that these sanctions and restrictions have already been implemented. influence on russia, on its ability to conduct aggression, but even more, they have a growing and long-term impact on russia, its ability to modernize manufacturing, defense industry, aeronautics, energy production, all technologies, and these actions will provide even greater impact. the fact is that many people left russia, more than a million, including many of the most educated in the field of science, technology and production. it will have a deep. there are both immediate and long-term effects here. more about the new round

of sanctions and their meaning, let's talk with our economic columnist oksana betratenko, which joins the ether. oksana, hello. congratulations, yulia. oksana, what exactly does the us expect to achieve with the new package of sanctions and is it powerful enough? yes, yulia, to speed up ukraine and slow down russia. the deputy minister of finance named this goal for the us measures. we will, when presenting the new sanctions package announced today, against the background of the fact that the us congress has not yet approved a large aid package for the us, the ability, for ukraine, the ability of the us to accelerate, to accelerate ukraine, is now limited, and therefore washington focuses on striking the russian war machine. today i spoke with a senior official from the state department, yuriy kim, she said that congress will approve a new aid package for ukraine as soon as

the dust settles, as she put it, and she also called for considering these sanctions in the general context that not only the u.s. came up with this largest package for themselves, a package of sanctions against russia, but also this week the european union, canada and great britain announced sanctions. it is important to remember that our coalition is more than 50 countries around the world. not everything rests on the united states, but we recognize that the united states is providing a significant portion of this aid. we are very pleased that the eu recently approved aid to ukraine in the amount of 50 billion euros for 2024-2027. we await the same wise decision of the us congress and see that other countries. of the world became more active. we expect this to continue. we are also exploring measures such as

other forms of aid, as well as trying to block russia's ability to finance the purchase or the production of weapons that it uses against ukraine. therefore, this morning the usa announced a package of more than 500 sanctions against the russian financial sector and military-industrial base. therefore ye did the same and imposed sanctions against 200 targets. and great britain announced its own yesterday. package: the coalition will not stop, we will continue to support ukraine until the ukrainian people win the war against russia imposed by putin. the purpose of these sanctions is to deprive the military machine. funding to russia so that it does not receive money, supplies for the military the machine that it targets in ukraine. oksana, russia actively circumvents western sanctions, partly with the help of china and india. this time, for the first time, the european package includes sanctions against companies from china and india, whether these countries turn away from economic cooperation with russia. yes, yuli,

the latest package of sanctions will mean even greater isolation of russia, a big one at that. chained precisely to companies from third countries that help russia circumvent these sanctions, as you noted, for the first time europe imposed sanctions against companies located on the chinese mainland, as well as in india, the us already had sanctions against chinese companies and expanded this list , condemnation of these actions was immediately sounded from china, but what we can see, there is a report in zma that the three largest are awaiting these sanctions this week. stopped their cooperation with russia, the powerful payment system russian mir was also sanctioned, which also means greater isolation, financial isolation of russia. i asked a senior official of the state department what this policy means for

companies, in particular from china and other countries. when we see cases of sanctions evasion, we act quickly to close any legal loopholes. we also act swiftly against any specific organizations, wherever they may be. oksana, how did the experts actually react to this new round of sanctions from the united states, do economic observers think that this is a powerful enough package of sanctions? analyzing this package of sanctions. the former coordinator of sanctions policy at the state department, daniel fried, noted that the sanctions included companies from china, the united arab emirates, serbia, those that helped russia circumvent sanctions, which is important, but this package of sanctions did not live up to his expectations, in particular in the field of oil trade, as well as with regard to frozen

russian assets. regarding assets, the us treasury department only noted the importance of the fact that these assets... freezing in general, this was a major coalition action almost at the beginning of russian aggression against ukraine, regarding oil, the treasury department noted that russia lost 40% of its income from energy trade , but there is a criticism similar to that of daniel fried, criticism was also voiced by dali bor rohak in the voice of america commentary, she is an expert of the american institute of entrepreneurship, she said that... it would be better if the us measures confiscated russian assets, and also took more care to fight the circumvention of sanctions in the oil trade. oksana, thank you very much for this detailed analysis, our economic columnist oksana bedratenko was in contact with the studio. we talked about the sanctions that the united states introduced today. unicef on

friday published a study that shows 3/4 of children and young people in ukraine aged 14 to 34 need emotional and psychological support. the organization emphasizes that the war had a devastating effect on the mental health of ukrainian children. in addition, there are problems with access to education. under these conditions, taking into account the security situation, researchers say, ukraine is on the verge of a mental health crisis among ukrainian children. this was stated by the head of communication of unesco in an interview with oleksiy kovalenko. children in conditions of air alarms spent about 5 thousand hours in basements in bomb shelters, which is approximately six months. this causes significant damage to the psyche of children who have not yet developed the thought processes that can help process all emotions and manage them. it expresses children in different ways. ukraine is on the verge of a crisis in children's mental health. at a time when

there are attacks on schools, attacks on education that we have seen for two years. more than a third of children in ukraine were forced to run away from home at least once, sometimes even more often. when children have to leaving their homes, it affects them, they experience stress and trauma, it destroys their childhood, destroys their life world, the way they understand the world around them. constant aviation alarms, explosions have a huge impact on children. we see that every fifth child actually. shows symptoms of mental health problems that probably require some form of care, and everything from nervous tics, bad dreams, to ptsd that needs serious... maybe even long-term psychological help. currently, there is a shortage of children a normal childhood, need to be able to be children again, and this can be anything from

helping them work through their emotions and trauma, to accessing psychiatric care or psychotherapy where needed? this is a comment from a unicef representative. on the second anniversary of the full-scale invasion of russia, the war entered the so-called fourth phase. this is the assessment given by wesley clark, when ... the commander-in-chief of nato's joint forces in europe. first there was a phase of deterring russia, then repelling the russians from most of the occupied territories, then a counteroffensive by the armed forces of ukraine. and now, according to clark, there may be a next phase: russia has launched its own counteroffensive. how to effectively oppose russia and what lessons should be learned from this war now? andriy borys collected the opinions of experts. the second year of the full-scale russian invasion. to ukraine, hundreds of thousands of victims maimed and kidnapped by the occupiers, millions of refugees, the end of this war is not in sight, and the second year is a reason to analyze and draw conclusions for

the future. voice of america collected the opinions of american and european political and military analysts and summarized their conclusions to four main lessons. in november 22, president volodymyr zelensky announced 10 points of the peace formula for ukraine. among them, in particular, the restoration of the territorial integrity of ukraine, security guarantees, the release of prisoners and deportees. the western allies supported the formula. ben godges, the former commander of the us ground forces in europe and africa, says: america and its allies have supported ukraine, but not very convincingly . one of the biggest problems for us is that neither my president nor the chancellor of germany did not actually say that we

want ukraine to win. they are used, we are with you as much as necessary, and even that is now in doubt. the failure of leaders in the west to clearly define a strategic goal is to me the biggest weakness. another important nuance. on which the experts emphasize, it should be decided what is considered a victory for ukraine, because even if ukraine restores territorial integrity, it is not a fact that this will stop the war, and even after the more modest offensive of ukraine in the summer of the 23rd and the seizure of avdiyivka by russia, it is worth considering the question of intermediate victory. in the foreseeable future, it will be very difficult for ukraine to return the captured four oblasts. crimea, but we never recognized soviet sovereignty over three countries: latvia, estonia and lithuania. the same should be true of the occupied

territories of ukraine, and maybe someday under another russian government there may be negotiations that return some or all of the territory to ukraine, but under putin this will not happen. today, the issue of military aid to ukraine is stuck in congress. since the beginning of the year, money in the us budget for ukraine there is none, and the armed forces are dependent on arms supplies from america. this became one of the reasons for leaving avdiivka, say western analysts. western weapons became one of the decisive factors for ukraine in this war. the agony was evident in the white house, it was really difficult. what are the red lines here, what will putin do? and it was? many refusals, they say that the ukrainians are not smart enough, well, they have more educated people than in our armed forces, this is some kind of double standards and misleading

information about unanswered requests. and so far in the west, they are considering when and what weapons to provide to ukraine and whether it is worth it at all, russia's allies have already established a flow of weapons. meanwhile , iran and north korea. are reliable helpers, maybe in the case of north korea they don't provide the highest quality, but they provide quantity, the production of iranian drones now established in russia also means that it is a stable pipeline. despite the difficult situation for the armed forces on the land front, ukraine achieved great success at sea, with the help of surface drones of its own production, it destroyed five russians. amphibious assault ships, it's worth getting into service with the us navy, says retired rear admiral joe diguardo. how do we overcome

our power? the bias to use it in the way the ukrainians do, to hit targets that are vulnerable, such as supply lines, is a strategic effect with a very tactical weapon. according to the armed forces of ukraine, the russians lost more than 47,000 soldiers while storming avdiyivka alone. back in november in an interview with economy. general valery zaluzhnyi admitted that he was wrong about russia, saying that she would retreat after suffering heavy losses. in this in a war of attrition, the number of weapons and people matter, - experts emphasize, and if the advantage in the number of weapons can potentially be changed, then people cannot, so people must be protected and the approach to mobilization must be changed, - says the retired us general, ben godges.

we have tens of thousands of ukrainians who... are in germany, poland or romania, and this is starting to wear out the patience of the host countries. they will not, of course, send people back, and those people might return out of a sense of duty, but also because they will be convinced that they are right enlist in the army, if they are wounded or killed, their family will be taken care of in the same way as in the us or in britain, and this is a political problem that the government has to solve. so, in summary, on the second anniversary of the full-scale invasion. according to western experts, the question of determining exactly what kind of victory the west expects from ukraine, and whether it wants it at all, remains relevant. this also affects the speed of decision-making on aid to ukraine. according to experts, during the war , the armed forces proved that they could destroy the enemy with their own weapons and the last key lesson, it is important to consider the size of russia and protect your own people. andriy borys, voice of america. on the second

anniversary of the full-scale invasion , voa presents the documentary jamal songs of freedom, which shows two years of war through the eyes of singer and author jamal. here are some shots from the tape, which will be available tomorrow on the voice of america ukrainian page on youtube. i am alive and i thank god for that. but russia is bombing us, i understand that i am not just a mother, i am not just a singer, i can do something, i can shout out to the world that we're here, please hear us, i only have one home, i want it back, i'm not dead yet in...

download the voa mobile app. the application allows you to bypass blocking automatically thanks to the built-in vpn service. read news, watch informative programs and videos, and listen. podcasts of the ukrainian voice of america service. and that's the end of it. thank you for watching voice of america in ukrainian. see you next week. take care, all the best. pope.

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the most relevant topics of the week. russia's war against ukraine.