the french e-e special services still work not the worst, and macron in his explanations himself states the constant aggression on the part of russia in cyberspace and on other levels, that is, these are his words that we can analyze and refer to, it is obvious that in this sense has an absolute specificity, which was true before, but he, unfortunately, did not talk about it before, and there is also probably the moment of the upcoming european elections, there is the fact that his opponents, the largest, are on the extreme right , national association, and they are very are gaining such power, and it is obvious that his political power is making an accent.

promotes just such, in fact, ukraine has become a factor of domestic russian politics, i would say so, and therefore returning to the finished phrase, and the political force of macron is actively criticizing the extreme right for a pro-russian position, they say it directly, it is really new, it is so unexpectedly a little, but it is obvious that the election factor will also work here, and how did the french society react to these statements of macron, why did he need to... hold a meeting with the leaders of political parties regarding this phrase about the possibility of using military forces on ukrainian territory, because i do not recall such meetings at least in recent years, no, no, no, this is also such an innovation of french politics, well, it was necessary, because many of his opponents, many of his opponents were alarmed, including li peng, for example, she began to speak everywhere she could to say that how so, he imagines.

sending french boys to certain death, as you can imagine, this is madness, then so are the extreme left calmed down and began to express similar thoughts, but macron's counterargument is that this is a war that is taking place in europe, this is our war, he began to say so, we cannot lose it, this is his quote again, to which we can refer to, which we can analyze, why did he see so clearly? apparently, once again he had such information that helped him understand that ukraine is really the eastern gate of europe. and in principle, to what extent france has economic opportunities and logistical opportunities, if to talk about the military-industrial complex in order to increase aid to ukraine, because we understand that now german aid is more than french aid. yes, they really don't have as much help as they could have. absolutely accurate

in absolute numbers, but the potential in france is not bad, in principle they have a full military cycle, they are the depositories of nuclear weapons, that is, not that they will place us, will place nuclear weapons in us, but in principle their vote in the security system, in the nato system, in the system of western security, european without security is weighty, and they have every right to put forward both proposals and certain ones out loud. complaints to their partners when they act too timidly or indecisively. yes, guys, france has a very good military complex , which can really work more powerfully, and there can certainly be interest here, because there was talk a couple of weeks ago about a joint european, joint european loan, proposed by estonia, and macron actively supported this idea, and if this joint european loan. will be made in

order to help ukraine with weapons, it is clear that french enterprises obviously hope to place part of the orders. there has been talk that macron was hoping to up the ante with his troop announcements, but faced so much misunderstanding from other european allies and fell short of the mark, do you think he did or didn't? well, he is very, let's say, optimistic , he says that there are the same people who said that it is not necessary to send nothing but... sleeping bags and helmets , now today they are sending tanks and they are ready to send planes, everything will be fine, don't worry, and indeed, recently the polish leader expressed that it is possible to imagine the military presence of european and military forces in ukraine, expressed in therefore, the keys are at the level of a hypothesis: canadians, the baltic countries, that is, if in the first days he looked isolated and russia was jumping for joy that macron is isolated... today

there is no question of isolation, he is gradually convincing his partners in the european union in because, in principle, why not imagine what... some more active actions, if the situation will contribute to it, but if we talk about the trump factor, how much does it influence the change of position in general, how much is france afraid of donald trump's victory in the presidential elections elections in the united states? very influential, actively influencing, because again i remember macron's press conference, which i was at, where he just said that the uncertainty across the ocean encourages that... europeans take their security into their own hands hands and started better with it take care of, and literally, even he said something like, do we have to give the keys to our security to the american voters, my answer is no, that is, yes, it is not

defined across the ocean, it is absolutely definitely one of the elements that motivates him to act more actively, well, to his own geopolitical dream, that is, let's remember that when he was elected for a... term, the project of a european, european wing in the nato system was one of the elements that made up such a weighty part of his campaign, and the only thing that he then , but then he definitely was isolated and did not gain support, but this idea is close to him, that is, he has long believed that europe should be more active in its security and not rely entirely on the united states. as far as, in principle, it is possible... to assume that macron will be able to contribute here, to contribute to success, when the representatives of the states of central europe and the baltic states are primarily in support of him, but such an old europe remains, as it were, outside this discussion, well , i think that the future of europe is precisely on this

part of the continent, after all, in the center, in the east, and that the future security of europe is emerging, crystallizing precisely on these lands, precisely because the war is taking place here. on russia against ukraine, support blocs are gathering here, and i think that maybe he also felt this moment and understands that the bet should be made today on these countries. if that is, i think so, well, that's my, of course, my guess, we'll see, but i think so. in france, they are afraid of this jealousy on the part of germany and these, as it were, spoiled relations between emmanuel macron and olaf scholz, or do they think that they are such, i would say conditions problems that will be solved there at the next meetings at the berlin-paris level. well, let's put it this way, macron does not have such warm relations with scholz, which, say, sarkozy had with merkel, that is, they do not have such a personal contact. and now the french press

is commenting very ironically on the german position in a very ironic way, mocking this scholz, his indecisiveness, that is, in principle. on the one hand, it is about the fact that perhaps there is no need to rush and that macron is too decisive, but on the other hand it is clear that the french are glad that their macron looks so, let's say brave, and that compared to other neighboring leaders, he looks so much more, let's say, more dignified, than he looks scared in their opinion, in the opinion of the french press. i said something , but how has the situation changed with the french positions in africa, which are constantly being undermined by the russian side, but we recently even saw texts that ukrainian special forces are operating in some african countries, fighting with the wagnerites on the territory of the same

sudan, imagine it is quite difficult against the background of that until recently, you remember, the main such target was, were... the french troops and they were dominant there. i think that this is also one of the elements that contributed to the change in macron's position, because again, in africa , the russians are actively displacing the french, in particular in the arms markets, in the economic markets, in access to minerals, and all this cannot, no may like france. let's remember mali, let's remember borkin. faso, even the recent elections in senegal, they were also, let's say, under the sign of such russian information attacks, and the russians actively playing on, let's say, the anti-colonial sentiments of africans on their resentment

of france, in order to impose their interests, to get to these profitable deposits themselves and try to establish their own control, about this african countries ... they do not know do not understand that they are trying to replace one colonizer with a worse one, because russia is really a worse colonizer than france, not because the french are beautiful, but really well... one empire was still more civilized and the other was completely wild, and so for now what can be said that the russians, well, them it is possible to suppress, suppress the french, and it is clear that paris does not like this very much, it is actively discussed, and this is also obviously one of the elements that contributed to the change of the position of the edyssey palace regarding the war in ukraine. time, macron hoped to reach an agreement with putin on africa, we remember this famous summit in the castle of breganson,

macron and putin were talking, it seems to me that it was the last time on the territory of france, now there are no such illusions that it is possible to reach an agreement with putin and convince him, withdraw his mercenaries from african countries. well, it seems that he understood that there is no need to call there, that these calls lead to absolutely nothing and that, in principle , it is absolutely impossible to agree with someone who does not want to... to agree, you can agree when each is ready to make some concessions, but in the case of russia, it is not ready for any concessions, it only wants to recruit and promote its expansion, and i think that recently it has given many examples that in ukraine, that in africa, that this is exactly how it will be to act and is not going to do anything else to speak, that's why it seems that he is so clear, learned this lesson and will not call putin again, i hope, but how do they really behave in this situation... marine le pen and her supporters, because now it is really a very tough conversation with them, i saw that

french prime minister gabriel tal said that there are no french troops in ukraine yet, and russian troops are already in france, and they are ms. le pen's troops, i have never heard such sharp polemics in the national assembly and such expressions on ms. lippen's address, how much they are adjusting their position, or still believe that they are right and do not need to change in any way, very heated debates, very heated, really unexpectedly hot. yesterday there was a demonstration of macron's political strength , the republic is ahead , today the extreme right came out for a demonstration, there were quite a lot of them, and they promoted just such anti-macron, very sharp, similarly narratives, and well, this conflict is becoming more and more acute and, let's say, more unrestrained in words the exchange of pleasantries on... pushes new such hostile tones, and the quotes we hear, here they are

really completely different from what it seemed six months ago, but let's say, even the niece of marine le pen, marichon marion, she is very popular now, and her... position is, well, the position of her words, which she constantly tries to repeat, this is about the fact that macron is dragging france into the war, macron is trying to start a war on the territory of france, that is, macron did not notice the war that is taking place on the territory of europe and in particular in ukraine, but he is starting a war and dragging france into the war, that is such manipulation is enough rude, but partly it works, because , let's say, certain... the scoreboard goes about certain prolepenov bloggers, they

actively disperse it, support it, and well , the situation socially and politically is quite complicated, quite tense, i can say that it is quite so alarming the atmosphere in the country, and conflicting at the social level, if you go from the extreme right to the extreme left and ask about the position of jean luc mélenchon, who was also in favor of... will be an alternative to all these efforts of president macron and other french politicians from the group of power to help ukraine to build a civilized position in the middle east, and mr. millenchon not only talks, he also acts actively, he recently visited beirut, for example, to express his support for lebanon and protest against israel, as far as the extreme left here can stop president macron and the government in an effort to help ukraine and build a tougher position, but he left. everything is in his positions, he once said that he does not know where the border of ukraine is before crimea

or after crimea, that is, i do not know why he thinks so was not lucky with geographical maps of his time, but for some reason he did not know this. then, when the full-scale war began , he dropped a little bit, obviously he was just reticling and hardly changed his position, of course he is a pro-russian politician, just as pro-russian a politician as marine le pen and her inner circle, and so is his party. . in this sense, they coincide with the extreme left, that is, the extreme left with the extreme right, that is, geopolitically in relation to russia, their vision is the same, maybe... maybe there is a chance that the bloc of the extreme left and of moderate leftists in the parliament actually split, he was called, that is, formally now the public square has left, environmentalists are heard, and therefore, well, his weight has decreased by lanchon, and let's hope that he will not

gain so much in the next elections to the european parliament, which already ... the guys will, and will not influence, again in the european parliament, the votes are connected with the support of ukraine, but yes, this is a politician who consistently, systematically tries to convince that, then it is necessary to sit down at the negotiating table, although it is it is clear that it is not about negotiations, but about capitulation, which they are trying to impose in ukraine, he is in this rhetoric, as he was, and he is. thank you. mrs. alla lazareva , deputy editor-in-chief of the ukrainian week magazine, we talked about how the position of french president emmanuel macron has changed, what can be expected from these statements about nato troops in ukraine, which the french leader has repeatedly made in recent weeks. now let's talk about the economy with konstantin zhivago, investor, entrepreneur, philanthropist.

congratulations mr. kostyantyn. congratulations, vitaliy. so let's talk about... gdp and government forecasts. the government believes that gdp can grow by 5%, in military terms it is not so bad, do you think that this will really happen, what percentage of gdp growth can be expected this year? vitaliy, in fact, this is a very important issue for us as a country, for all ukrainians, because gdp is our taxes, because somewhere around 33% of gdp is redistributed to the state budget in the form of taxes, and if it is... distributed in the form taxes, we know that all these taxes primarily go to the armed forces of ukraine, that is, the greater the gdp, the greater its growth, the greater the gdp base, the more taxes, the greater the ability of our armed forces of ukraine to actually fight for ukraine, to repel the aggression of the russian federation, and this is extremely important for any non-belligerent country, and for belligerent ukraine it

is vitally important, therefore, answering your question, do i think five percent... growth or gross domestic product growth next year is possible, i want to say a few ladies remarks, that is, how it grew by more than 5% the previous year, so it will grow by 5% this year as well , which is real and possible, but the government, unfortunately, due to its incompetence , has nothing to do with this, that is, in the previous year it grew by , that we had an approximate 5% devaluation of the national currency from the exchange rate of 36 to the kopecky and today to the exchange rate of 38. according to the new accounting rate, i.e., the exchange rate of the hryvnia to the united states dollar increased not the nominal value of the gross domestic product, but the tonnage, i.e. the number of tons

, or produced or exported product, or the amount of electricity, which was produced and consumed by our enterprises and our consumers, well, in no way did not grow by 5%, in addition, i want to say that definitely, rather, the military also made a huge impact, a huge contribution to the growth of the gdp of the previous year by the fact that they opened the corridor, the sea corridor, because when the sea corridor was opened, first of all , agricultural products began to be exported almost at pre-war levels, and this was already october, november, december, and... the most important thing was that the export of those products, which had been closed since the beginning of the war , began , it is a product of the mining and metallurgical machine-building complex, but the main thing is a machine, it is a mining complex, because millions of tonnages are exported there, millions and millions of tons of finished products are actually exported there, which if produced ukrainian enterprises, they consume everything, starting with electricity

, ending with gas, rail and road tariffs, port services, everything that is in general in the economy of ukraine, and when they start consuming it, because they export their products, they have the opportunity to sell them to the western markets, then of course it makes a very good contribution to the gdp growth of that year, what about this year about 2024? in fact, i want to say that if the government forecasts together, together with the imf, with the national bank, that the national currency will depreciate from 38 cents to 41 at the end of the year, that is, the average exchange rate will be around 40 kopecks, which means that... we get a few percent of gdp growth in general simply by transferring to our exports and the currency that comes from the export of ukrainian products to the nominal hryvnia, which will more than and to be in 2023, but this is not the main factor, not the main contribution to gdp, in fact , the main contribution, which i hope, will still be that

the ukrainian industry will work more, namely the main mining and metallurgical complex, so what if in the previous year, in the 23rd year, he worked only in the last months, october, november, december, so here he is now working starting from january of the 24th year, we have export volumes that are already 60, 70, 80% of the pre-war exports time, or for some types of products, because we lost mariupolyast lych, we have less load of arcelor metal of kryvyi rih, we have less load of zaporizhstal, we have less load of mining enterprises and kryvyi rih and poltava oblast, but at the same time, when we say 5% growth, i will say you, that it can be more than 5%, because if the mining and meteorological complex is working, which in the structure of gdp was 20% before the war, that is , today it can on... really show somewhere there an indicator of 15-13-14%, this times, everything is exactly twice as much as it worked in the 23rd year, that is, we can see, if

the sea corridor will work, a large increase in production and the gross domestic product, that is, the contribution of the mining and subway complex to the gdp of the 24th year, but we may have some actually decrease in the production of agricultural products, because if look at the 23rd... the harvest was good for ukraine, and this harvest helped the economy of ukraine to actually get such figures of gross domestic product growth. and tell me, why is the world bank more pessimistic about this gdp growth than all these organizations, including the ukrainian government, of course, which you listed? well, first of all, the world bank and the international monetary fund, they always so happened that they are very conservative in their. rates of gdp growth of any country, and that is, they are better after, say, 3x-4x-5 months of the economy, they will make some of their forecast changes, they will

say, we expected 5%, actually a little more happened, so, so, so, and the government, why say 5%, because it is very simple mathematics, if they wrote that they would have a growth of 4%, then the budget would not meet, that is, the income to the state budget. 4% each would be less and many things remained in the ukrainian budget of the 24th year simply not financed, because there would be no money for them. if there will be more growth than 5%, then there will be extra money, additional money to the state budget, as i have already told you that a third of the estimated gdp is redistributed through the state budget, i.e. if the gdp is 6%, then an additional percentage of gdp 0/3, i.e. a third of this percentage will come in the form of tax different amounts to the state budget, and then the state budget will have more money, that is, the government had absolutely such, you know, a pragmatic, mathematical approach to

how much money it needs for the budget, and it also calculated the percentage growth of the economy, well, of course it had to be kept real, because if the government said that our economy will grow by 25%, as the government of the prime minister, who was riding a scooter on the kamba, said at the beginning of the 19th year. he said that we will grow in 5 years there, i don't know, three times, that is, everyone told him, well, how can this be, it is 40% per year, he says, well, we will grow, well, there is a growth of 40% , that prime minister is going on a scooter, but tell me how much this story with the blockade of borders affects economic development, so that we already hear that the ukrainian government is in principle thinking about certain compromises with its neighbors in order to unblock these borders, but this in turn will lead to a decrease in the supply of certain types of ukrainian products. to the european market , does it somehow affect the situation, or now , when the ports are already open, it is not such a significant part of economic growth and opportunities,

in fact, it affects, vitaly, because it is always better to have more exports than less exports, but when today corridors have opened up, if we look at the statistics in the month of february, when agricultural products were exported as much as in pre-war times in february of the 21st or 20th year, this means that... then we exported products, provided gross domestic products, the development of the agricultural sector and other sectors without exporting to poland, germany, any countries of western europe, they helped us a lot at the time when the aggression began, when the sea corridors and ports were closed to them in general, they helped us and helped us vitally, but today we see that they there themselves now have problems with the fact that prices for agricultural products have fallen in the world, in fact. they're down 10% in the last two months, not because of ukraine, they're down because of big crops in brazil, big crops in canada, big crops in australia, big crops expected in...

tin, so it's a market, it is supply and demand , and if there is more supply, then demand, that is , it affects the prices accordingly, that is, he says that i will buy, but at a lower price, and therefore all these problems that today, polish farmers, hungarian farmers, any other farmers who are there translating to ukraine, that there are many ukrainian products, this is only partially, only partially true, in the main term and 80% of this problem is what fell in the world on agricultural products , and therefore today it is impossible to say that the ukrainians are to blame, but we must understand that if we already have such political problems, and not economic problems at the borders, then we must seek a compromise, if today ukraine itself refuses to export to those countries and says: let us be to export twice as much as we exported before the war, but all in all it will be three times less than we export now, and

i believe that everyone for... will sit down at the negotiating table and just agree and we will remove this problem, which we have today in our relationship with poland, with hungary, slovakia, the czech republic, any other countries that we do not need politically, because many of these countries have populist governments, and they want to solve their populist problems, including at the expense of ukrainians we don't need it, we do must conduct an honest economic policy, an honest export policy, understanding that year after year k... step by step we will increase exports to europe, and everything will be fine, when we become part of europe, the european community, we will have free borders, but we will do all this, forgive me, somehow it is natural, we cannot do it revolutionary, well, this is what confuses me, by the way, if we get closer to the european union and we have various restrictions, will these restrictions remain then , when we will already be a part of the eu, well in fact, i want to say this, there is a solution

to this, if even they remain with us... i say that for the next 10 or 20 or 30 years we will have some restrictions there, it is not the end of the world, because if ukraine becomes a european country, how the baltic countries , we will have, i have talked about this a lot in my previous speeches, have a better sovereign rating, if we have a better sovereign rating, we will attract long-term investment capital, and when investment capital comes, it will invest in processing of these agricultural products that we can export. we can process agricultural products into proteins and send either chicken or pork or any other meat products of any kind of animal husbandry produced after processing abroad, this does not

mean that it will be a disaster. look today, brazil is the largest exporter of meat, canada is the second largest exporter of meat. well, why can't ukraine, producing economic products, be the third, fourth, second, or even the first today all the countries of the world are meat exporters, and we will develop processing, we will create our own jobs, we will have ukrainians who will live in abundance, because they will leave the added value in ukraine. that is, it is meant that the main thing is investment and development of production, and the market is located. of course, the market balances all the time, because without, when we did not have ports, it was difficult, but when we have the logistics, all the components and all the infrastructure to export, well, tell me what today, let's say, i don't know, denmark, an eu country, exports the largest amount of pork to china, and ukraine can't, yes it definitely can, we just need to develop so many such pig breeding complexes so that we simply have the opportunity to compete,

and... we we will be able to compete because we have our own raw materials and they are cheap. in denmark , there are no chernozems like those in ukraine, in denmark there is no such amount of agricultural products that could be raw materials for the production of meat, and any goods that are produced from meat after processing. thank you, mr. kostyantyn, kostyantyn zhivaga, entrepreneur, investor, philanthropist, we were in touch, thank you for this conversation, we will break for a few minutes now, but you stay with us, more serious conversations will follow. tired of heavy and bulky saws, then the strong saw from razpak tv is just for you, with it you can easily cut trees and bushes, it is so convenient to use for carpentry work, it is the perfect tool for your home or garden, and the price is only from 14