two shaheds were also on civilian houses, but then we managed without such significant destruction, there were people who were injured, but then it happened, it was the first time that the sums felt such a blow, although in the summer we also had a shahed hit on the house. then one of the entrances collapsed, and the house, then the entrance was recognized as emergency, now it will be completely dismantled. if i'm not mistaken, then we lost two people, but it was a blow in the middle of the day, it was a day, a working day, there were no people at home, and therefore, unfortunately this time, when it happened at night, the number of victims, unfortunately, may be higher , but the enemy has already chosen such an open one, well , we saw this in odesa before with the same shaheds there, now we see it in kryvyi rih and sumy, just... cynical, open blows on

residential buildings without the fact that they fell somewhere, or were knocked down, he fell somewhere, well, a direct, direct hit, here we simply see that such buildings, well, not new, yes, let's say , directly, i don’t know what years it is there, the 70s, 80s, but panel houses, unfortunately, unfortunately, it is built like a house of cards, but we saw it in the dnipro once, when a rocket arrived, this gives very little chance, and therefore i will briefly ask whether work is being done on the arrangement of shelters, i understand that not ... these people go at night because the shaheds, well , people think that it, well, and many think so, will not arrive, but unfortunately, is the work on arranging some shelters, not the basement of the house, we understand that in such a the house that you were sitting in the basement, you are just as under rubble as if you were not sitting in the basement, well, can a person still suffer in that basement, because it’s raining, it’s raining and it’s unknown when they will get it, please, in sums they are setting up exactly those shelters that already exist, this is... the simplest shelter, again, these are

basements houses, these are the shelters that were built in soviet times, they are being restored with budget funds, on the border areas, however, new shelters are also being built, as the last time showed us, the previous two years, they were more needed there, however in sumy , people do not have the ability to go to shelter even now it doesn't change either, we have air alarms, here... for the second day in a row, they just don't stop, if you see sumy region on the map, it's always red, the alarms last for several hours in a row, and are interrupted, well, god forbid, when for half an hour , now it’s our road again, i hear sirens, so whoever owns it, it’s the regional military administration or the city military administration or the state emergency service or the police, who should announce when it will be known, well, the work is ongoing, as far as i understand, sorry work continues when it is known about... that

whether someone will be saved or, unfortunately, the dead people will be found, we have to wait for information from whom, who should officially announce it? we are waiting for information from ova, they usually give a summary twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, what happened there. however, we are waiting for a notification from the state emergency service that the operation has ended, and after that, i think, the police, or the ova itself, or the prosecutor's office should announce the exact number. dead, or name the number of missing, confirmed missing persons, i will also briefly ask what the humanitarian situation in sumy, well, in sumy oblast, it is different in different communities, so it is like that, you know how to determine the average temperature in a ward, there is a different situation everywhere, what is closer to the border , what is further from the border, somewhere and and and products or there it is not very good to prove some other things, because a drone or a mine may fly in, but in general it is an opportunity for people to just

live, because it still depends on whether people work, have money, pay taxes, and then the city lives, then there are also goods and somehow they pay for utility services, well, this is life, when there are certain problems with this, then of course the situation is more complicated, how alive, living sums are now in terms of people's lives, in sums there are people who have left the city, and businesses that have left, but in general there are those who... . and new ones appeared before us, a lot of people moved from the border, who were evacuated from more dangerous areas, from the kharkiv region, from the luhansk region, a lot of people moved to sumy, and i can say that there is life, there is work, and some extraordinary economic crisis or humanitarian crisis, moreover, there is none, and there is more there was a story, i am very brief, that the mayor of sumy, the chairman, was removed from the post of mayor. oleksandr lysenko

of sumy sued the sumy district administrative court for his reinstatement, there are those, well, i understand that this may not be a global ukrainian issue, but in any case, it is part of the life of every city, every region. life, the life of the state, and even more so, the history of mayors in sumy, we also have the case of chernihiv and many other cities, whether these political perturbations and political-judicial ones somehow affect and on the life of the city, whether it is separate to itself, and the city lives separately, fortunately it does not affect in any way, we have now introduced a city military administration, its new leader, or at least, as we can see. how journalists more or less cope with their duties, and our city, when it lost its head, oleksandra lysenko did not suffer much from this, so we are fine with that, at least on the lives of the citizens, these processes do not

affect, so we will see , ukraine is a legal state, let it come here, let the courts decide, take into account all arguments and make decisions. under the law of ukraine. thank you very much, ms. alyona. alyona yatsyna, a journalist from sumy oblast, from sumy, was in touch with us. unfortunately, she says that this is the first time that money has flown into the house, and in fact, the entire entrance has formed. we see this terrible picture. so far, madam, alyona says that the two dead people are known, but 15 apartments no longer exist, therefore, therefore, unfortunately, putin yes, well, it is he and his, his people, his army, so they... respond to fully justified military attacks by ukrainian drones on objects that feed the army of the russian federation, which fuels the economy of the russian federation, this is our right, a legitimate military target, which, by the way , is recognized by our partners, we can hit oil refineries, other airfields there, and so on, they just hit

residential buildings and kill, unfortunately, our fellow citizens, it is worth going to shelter, especially in those cities that are not far from the front line, and in principle in all of them, we see that we see that in... no aggravation does not go away, and the desire does not go away speak objectively about the situation at the front and around serhiy's front zgurtsia, that's why he is with us, serhiy zurets, director of the defense express agency and host of the military summaries of the day column. sergey, congratulations , congratulations to you, vasyl, congratulations to our viewers, today in our column we will talk about what drones ukraine uses to destroy top russian oil refineries, where the united states found money for a new package of arms aid for ukraine and about... the battle of ukrainian and russian technologies on the battlefield between fpv drones and reb. more on that in a moment. ukraine continues to systematically

transfer the war to the territory of the enemy, moreover inflicts blows on less painful points for the russian economy. that is how it can be assessed. yesterday's and today's attacks by ukrainian drones directed at oil refineries and oil bases in the russian federation. today's list of targets is an oil refinery in razian oblast, a plant in kirishi is leningrad oblast, a novoshakhty oil refinery in rostov oblast and a kstovo plant is nizhny novgorod oblast. these objects are just among the five largest such objects. in the russian federation, for example, refineries lukoil in the nizhny novgorod region , the largest in terms of processing volumes, it processed 15 million oil per year, or more than 5% of the total russian volume, it was attacked on march 13 and stopped

working, so the same fate befell the rosneft oil refinery in ryazan after today's drone attacks. he also stopped working, and against this background, a number of ukrainian agencies, citing sources in the sbu , reported that these attacks are a continuation of such a systematic special operation against enemy oil refineries, this is a strategy with reducing the economic potential of the russian federation, and as sbu representatives said , the task is to deprive the enemy of resources and reduce the flow of oil money. and fuel , which russia sends directly to the war, and by the way, fuel prices have already begun to rise rapidly in russia, and the russian government banned the export of gasoline for six months from march 1, but how does ukraine get to enemy refineries, because the same

lukoilo plant in dnizhnogorod region, it is about 800 km away, the ryazan oil refinery is 450 km from the border with ukraine, here is a video showing the flight of one of these drones, literally a few seconds ago we saw this video, and now we can finally find out what kind of drone it might be. actually, this is just such a video , which allows us to clearly conclude that it is a ukrainian long-range kemikaze drone called lutyy, actually experts have already clearly seen this uav, and this uav was already used for strikes on taganrog on march 9 of this year, as well as during strike on... the strategically important metallurgical plant in lipetsk for the enemy, it was

just at the end of february 24th, and regarding the characteristics of this drone called february, from the data that is publicly available, it is known about two parameters, it is a range of 1000 km and the weight of the warhead is about 75 kg, and also , as we can see, quite high accuracy of hitting enemy targets was also... another video where you can see another long-range uav of ukrainian development called bober, it is already better known to our viewers and our experts. in order not to delve into the technical characteristics, in general, it can be said that the use of long-range and powerful kamikaze drones on our side is acquiring more and more systemic features, but against this background, some experts began to talk about what if it turns out so well. will hit oil refineries on the territory of the russian federation, then let's attack more often

the russian military airfields where they are based, in particular, the same su-34 aircraft that are used by the enemy for kabama attacks on our contact line. i think that this remark is quite valid, i think that if there is a sufficient number of telekinesis drones, the list of targets on the territory of the russian federation, of course, must be expanded. at the same time, we see that we are hitting russia at the expense of our technological developments, but we still need foreign weapons, and this week we finally received such positive signals from the united states, just yesterday the administration of the american president announced a new package military aid for 300 million dollars. the statement about such help was made by the advisor of the white house with a question. national security jack sullivan, he pointed out that when russian troops advance

and their guns fire in ukraine , there is not enough ammunition to shoot back, and because of that ukraine loses territory there, so this particular package is extremely important, but he also admits that this package is enough for a small period of time, but in any case it is important that this package is there, it will primarily include a significant amount of ammunition, and... ammunition and cluster and conventional ammunition, the package also says that shells will be transferred to hymars, and a number of publications suggested that it is possible in this package, it is also possible to transfer atakams, although it is not known with what range there, or up to 160 km of cassette ones, which we already received in a small batch, or it is possible that atakams and a range of 290 km will be transferred, especially since with... now in the united states itself, in the american army, the need for these atakams is not so critical, because

now the ukrainian army has already begun to climb the atakams, the peresym systems, which have a range of up to 500 km, and then the attacks from 300 km in principle, it is already possible to transfer to ukraine, but this is actually only an assumption, and we understand that there is a package of american aid, weapons are transferred from stockpiles. the ministry of defense of the united states and artillery ammunition, and equipment, individual samples, and anti-tank missiles will be received by the ukrainian army quickly enough. and now we will talk about the technology war on the battlefield, because now the defense forces and the forces of the russian army are competing on the battlefield in such two directions, these are fpv drones and the means of rebs, which oppose the use of fpv drones. today just in new the york times published an article called jamming, that is, suppression, in which way the digital

battlefield affects or reshapes the ukrainian battlefield. the article is somewhat interesting, because in fact it is quite technical, and it was strange for me to read in such a general political publication about the means of electronic warfare, how they are used on the ukrainian and russian sides, the strengths of the ukrainian army are noted there, and so on. .emphasis is placed on certain strengths of our adversary when talking about means of reb i about approaches to their use, and now on that topic, other topics related to technology, we're... talking with our guest , we're joined by anton mikhnenko, a military expert who works closely with defense express, as well as our defense industrial companies engaged in military hi- tech. mr. anton, i congratulate you, glad to see and hear. i congratulate you serhiy, nazaem. i started with this post in the new york times, which

actually tries to describe the dynamics surrounding the use of drones, and the use of. means reb, there and done several things that indicate that the russians have more powerful systems, more of them, the enemy is trying to use them more systematically on the battlefield, i know that you are communicating with various enterprises that know both our capabilities of reb assets and the capabilities of the enemy, what changes could be singled out over the past months, which distinguish the use of reb tools from that period. when russia has not yet started active intervention in active aggression on the territory of ukraine? well, look, in fact, such a difficult question must be understood by our enemy is well versed in this matter, and after 2008 they have already drawn certain conclusions, i am not saying this for the first time, they have made a line of various complexes of radio-electronic warfare, these complexes

also touch the tactical, operational-tactical, operational level, deal with by strengthening various... communication systems, the operation of radar devices, satellite radio networks, that is, they work in this context and work quite well. of course, they lack, first of all, a certain coherence of actions, because it is necessary that all these means work more harmoniously, if they carry out the suppression of one or another means, as i say, communication, radars and so on, on the one hand, on the other hand, of course, they have in a certain way opened for themselves the direction that touches the issue of tactical rebu, i.e. if we say in 2020 , they did not yet have the issue of using means of suppressing drones at the tactical level of the so-called kopner, they made certain conclusions and using the fact that they have a certain school, certain opportunities, they they tried to use them directly, having descended to such a more tactical level on the trench red, they solved this task, this task, they have a sufficiently wide range of these tools, but this does not mean that our

enemy can use everything effectively enough, again i emphasize reconciliation issue. this is the first moment, the second moment, this is that the means of radioactive control are really evolving, we also have to understand this, if, so to speak, in the 22nd year there is still the issue of overlapping such low-frequency bands, such as, conventionally speaking, from 400 or 700 mhz, it was not yet discussed, if we are talking about such means of communication, or it was partially discussed, let's say this, in the context of the use of fpv drones, there was no question of... signal suppression video communications, found a question about the interception of signals, video signals, now the situation is changing, the enemy is adapting as well as we are, he sees that we are actively using, and he is also trying to suppress these frequency ranges where they work, from his side in in ukraine, you also know very well that there are a number

of manufacturers who have long established themselves even before, let's say, 2014 and the period after 2014. after the 22nd year , a number of various manufacturers appeared that also work in this context, by the way, there is the proximus company, there is the ukrspets company at ukrspetstechnika, there is the infozakhist company, there are a number of other companies, in particular, yakart, they also work intensively in in this direction and create a variety of tools, a company appeared, for example, the same piranha, which had not been heard of before, that is, we also have a line here there are certain means that can be effectively used to suppress various means and that touches on issues of communication and also means of communication, that is, means of communication, and means, let's say, that provide control of drones, control of drones, transmission of information with a drone, that is, in principle, there is a war going on here, if you say how it began to differ, i would say that

this war, it is constantly improving and it is difficult to say how we will say in the 22nd year about... the enemy used the means of rap, as he is using now, because we understand, now everyone is passing on such questions as reasonable interference, just to put such a large interference that would simply cover the entire frequency range, well, it is already a little impractical, why, because it creates obstacles for one's own troops, that is, you cannot use it yourself, when your units of the reb will use such noise interference that would completely cover the entire clean range, then these are already certain difficulties for using your own means, both communication and drones as well. ago the use of smart jammers that will maximally suppress exactly that frequency, the frequency on which this or that drone works, which will generate the jamming power as much as possible. precisely in this frequency range, precisely at this frequency, that is precisely the path that needs to be developed further. such means exist, and they are in principle implemented to one degree or another.

and, but again, these are precious things, we must understand that in general, radioactive intelligence, alektor fight is not a cheap pleasure, and what else can we distinguish, sorry, i deviate from the very essence, we have to understand that now, if we said earlier that there were in... in the soviet army, then in the russian army, the ukrainian army, relatively speaking, separate units that were engaged in radio-electronic warfare, these were tactical-level units that had separate means , they were separated, let's say, into a separate unit, which at a certain level acted there for measures aimed at electronic suppression, now we see that these means of electronic warfare are being brought down to a more tactical level, that is, now the guys who sitting in the trenches, they already want to have means of mouth. and they are already sitting in the occupation and say, we need a reasonable obstacle to suppress exactly this gap, exactly this purity, you understand, that is , such a suf, the use

of electronic warfare means, it has already happened and this war proved it, on the other hand, as far as it it is appropriate, how effective it can be and how promising it will be, that is another situation, but how quickly our manufacturers react then, but now we are watching the video, it is precisely the company's developments. protection, which is just right aimed at detecting various drones in the air, and the topic is extremely relevant, because today we saw and discussed an enemy video where the enemy strikes our helicopters, and in fact there is such an escort that if our helicopters there or the military knew that in at this time there are enemy drones in the air that follow this area, maybe it would affect the... on the tactics of using these helicopters, you just don't refuel in this field. now this is a device developed by the infozakhist company, whether it is purchased or not

he somehow minimizes this threat in terms of knowing where enemy drones are and somehow adjusts his actions against the background of this threat. in fact, you raised a very relevant issue, which is precisely the issue of timely warning. units that are in the dark about the presence of drones, so recently that challenge has been there, we see what happened with hymers, we see what happened with the helicopters, and they were relatively safe, what they thought, distances from the demarcation line and application possibilities an opponent of drones, and precisely such means, it is exactly precisely what we are talking about such a means as pluto, it precisely allows itself to quickly detect the presence of drones, at the same time, drones are precisely such specific ones that affect the russian federation and... as far as i know, there it is about the fact that they identify exactly the signals of these enemy drones, which, in principle, are already known to all and any electronic intelligence that

analyzes the signals, the spectrum of signals for the corresponding equipment, they know very well what makes eliron different, what makes it different supercam, what is different about orland, perhaps, let's say, the specificity of its own signal, and this is precisely the specificity of the signal, this tool allows you to highlight and timely warn the subdivisions. and that is why it is definitely these units that are at such a depth that they think that at a safe distance, it would be appropriate for them, because in this video it is shown that it warns of the presence of a drone at a certain distance , and this distance can be just like that and more than 30 km there, that is, they will say in advance that there is a drone on such and such distance, there is a drone there at a shorter distance, and you have to understand what steps you can take at one or another moment... of time, but here you still need the main point, too, to understand that this is in relation to our enemy, that the enemy has started to fly more deeply, this is that, these are certain

markers of a certain fact that they began to use more stable means of electronic warfare means, that is, means that can target them on the terrain, more stable means of data transmission, and that is, we also have to draw certain conclusions about what data channels do they use? what signals are used , how is encryption done, and in principle, this is a certain challenge, i do not think that this challenge will not go unnoticed by the electronic intelligence unit of electronic warfare, and sooner or later the necessary solution will be found, but that no less, we need to react now from the point of view of saturation of such means of timely warning about the presence of drones in depth against ours in our depth, so that the enemy... could not use such means, and we were able to react in a timely manner. and clarification on the pluto system, do you know if these systems are procured

on a larger scale, because we... well, both in defense express and on espresso mentioned that this is an experimental sample that has been tested in the hands of our military , after making certain changes to the design, which will be required, it will be purchased more en masse. has this pluto systems procurement process started? currently, as far as i know, a part, a certain batch of plutons, it is already in the troops, in some units it is already is used i simply cannot say whether it is mass-purchased. so that we understand that the enemy also did not guess that there were such means and did not react accordingly, but i can say that, in principle, we are getting closer to the fact that there will be more of them than the troops currently have. i know that you just returned from an arms exhibition in a foreign country, where rep and ukrainian -made, and american, and european, and south and

south korean weapons were presented and... there were even samples and russian rep systems, what is happening now against the background of the cooperation of various countries in the creation of modern rep slices, is there an opportunity for us to expand cooperation with powerful foreign companies in order to create more perfect samples that will be much better than what russia currently has on the battlefield look, it's actually a very interesting question, there are several components here, the first... the component is definitely that our partners, western countries, they are looking closely at what is happening in ukraine, of course, they are analyzing it, i talked to many manufacturers of electronic warfare systems , including countermeasures against drones, i can say that a large number of devices are used in ukraine, and these manufacturers also pay close attention to how their devices are looked after, how their devices are used in real

combat conditions. they also provide assistance and they also adapt these tools to meet the challenges that exist today. this is one point. the second point is about cooperation. yes, of course, it would be good for ukrainian companies to cooperate, who work in this direction with leading western manufacturers. what does it allow you to do? first, they have good mathematical solutions. they have good amplifiers, they have good, er, software solutions. that allow signal processing, they have good noise generators that can generate interesting noise signals, that is, they have solutions that may be interesting to our manufacturers, and the cooperation of our manufacturers with leading western countries, with leading western manufacturers, is a kind of a certain path of development for our partners and definitely a path of development for us, because to use means of reactor control , for example, where the overwhelming majority are

chinese solutions, is a dead-end path, yes , of course, china is not the same as china, where there are chinese solutions that simply say one thing, in fact it happens other, there are chinese solutions, which are very interesting, they can also be applied, but nevertheless we have to understand that we have to move away from this approach, to use chinese means, chinese equipment or components in our means, it is difficult, of course, but we we have to move away from this, we have to orientate the vast majority to the european markets, to our countries, our partners, the next... moment, this is about how much, this is the third moment, how much these western manufacturers demonstrate solutions that are already more adapted to those real combat conditions, it is a controversial question, why, because some still do not fully understand what is happening, although they offer interesting solutions, they do not fully understand that, for example, there is no longer actually on the line collision

effectively working complexes that would provide orientation on the terrain , there is actually no gps for a summer collision, and they offer solutions that are oriented on the terrain and perform tracking of radio radiation sources, for example, with a reference to a gps signal, which actually does not exist, that is, we can to say that, for example, the use of this or that western model, which carries out electronic intelligence, for example, intelligence, not rap, its attachment to the area will be broken, that is, it will be ineffectively applied, this is one of one component, another component... they draw conclusions, they create certain such complex solutions, that is, they try to immediately integrate means of intelligence, rap, maybe there is already such a kinetic addition, that is, fire damage in one means or in several means that are in one are located in a place, this is also a controversial issue regarding its use in combat conditions, that is, there are also interesting solutions in them, there are solutions that...