the production of even artisan craftsmen, and we can see it especially on the ceramic decoration of this courtyard entrance, these tiles that are there, they are significantly different from the others, they are more folk, more irregular, somewhat chaotic, because again specifically krychevskyi wanted to give an opportunity to present the whole spectrum of these individual masters who make such naive art, it is also presented here, so this building is not just... a visual example of some ukrainian ornaments, there symbols, colors and so on, and it also gave work to all these industrial productions, which at that time were not in the best condition, because industry gradually displaced all these national productions. the building of the poltava zemstvo not only reflected the general european architectural processes of arnovo's development, but also personified that frantic inner life. the wave

of ukrainization that raged at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. it is interesting that ukrainian modernism proved that ukrainian architecture can be urban, civil, and full-fledged. that is, whether can we take this work of ukrainian modernism? probably, we can and probably should, but we definitely should not build new buildings with turrets, hexagonal windows and say that we are reviving the tradition. we have to go further. yes, modern architecture should correspond to modernity. and at that moment , the building of the poltava zemstvo was the personification of the modern, modern era. he not only became a star of ukrainian modernism, but also gave a tremendous impetus to the development of the style. then buildings in the style of ukrainian art nouveau appear throughout the poltava province, the kremenchug zemstvo also orders ukrainian-style credit societies in sorochynets, in khomutka, in ukrainian style, in myrhorod, there was a whole complex of water clinics and mud clinics.

the myrhorod resort was rebuilt in the ukrainian modern style. one of the founders of the style was the previously mentioned opanas slastion. panas georiovych slastion was a well-known teacher at the myhorod academic school potsinovych of the ukrainian past, ethnographer, graphic artist, public figure, musician, kobzar, that's all about him. opanas slostion was born in the city of nogaisk, which is now in the zaporizhzhia region. having received an education in st. petersburg. he returns to ukraine and begins to actively develop ukrainian culture. he chooses the provincial myrhorod, when it was little known, the mineral water deposit had not yet been discovered, he teaches children, develops pottery, ceramic work, he had many buildings, a donkey in the myrhorod region and the peasant union, and the myrhorod resort, and the cooperative society, but all of them... did not reach us

even ships to the myrohorod resort, but it was the schools that reached. this building is something other than a pilot project, where the idea of ​​opanas georgiyovych slastion, one of the creators of the ukrainian architectural style, is laid out. the school, zemsky school, is still the decoration of our village. this pilot project was extremely successful, and already in 1912 schools began to be built en masse. all over lohvytskyi district, they were counted 54, these are the ones that are known to date, this is now the territory of both sumy oblast and chernihiv oblast oblast, we have the most of them left in lohvitskyi krai, in such a condition that you can see and even visit inside, until somewhere in 1993-5 years, we even had children studying here . two

museums operate simultaneously in this building, the museum of educational development and the ethnographic museum. this is the only educational institution that has survived to this day as an educational institution. this is all, these are all our achievements, these are children who performed until the eighth grade, yes, from the first to the eighth grade we have, we do not have the ninth. in the school is warm, it is an ecologically clean school. another room like this, well, nowadays it is a fabulous amount to build, to build such a room, it is a reconstruction, of course already in the 90s, when the central heating was installed, it was heated when the children studied here, the room is generally warm, the walls are extremely thick, wide , probably 60-80 centimeters, and you can see that the foundation itself is extremely high. this again

indicates that the room is very, very warm. yes, i invite you to our school, there is a fireplace in front of you, well here of course it has already been replaced. these hearts, and this is in the original form that was used during the construction, this is at the beginning of the 20th century, they were drowned by these fireplaces, they were on this side, here you see, one, two, there is a third, and here is a fourth. school buildings are especially impressive if you remember where children studied before that, most often they studied simply in houses, the premises of which were used as schools, so the buildings erected by slastion with high ceilings and windows became not only bright works of architectural art, but in the first place turn is important educational reform. a very interesting thing about this school is that two adjacent classes

were connected by such a movable wall, which made an assembly hall and, accordingly, a stage. the audience is sitting here, and there is even... a rising stage, it was a kind of assembly hall, and this is the museum of education, in front of you is the stage that i spoke about, where her children performed, and in the middle, you see, a red hole, there they fastened the christmas tree, the classroom was designed for 70 students, the first-third grade one teacher, the second, fourth - another teacher, the fact that the building was also designed for living... it became useful at the end of the 20th century. in the mid-90s, when i came here to work, there was a boarding school here, and teachers lived here, those who were sent to work at our school. if you pay attention to the facade of the buildings, in addition to the familiar

hexagonal windows, an original detail immediately catches your eye - brickwork. olena proposed to decorate folk schools with brick ornamentation. echilka, she lived next to myrhorod in gadyach, she sent samples from her albums, she collected this folk art. there was also another interesting element that could be found in some schools, this is a triple-hung turret window on the roof, called a skylight. this superstructure imitated the tops of national temples. such window towers were rare even then, but today there are unique dormers left... generally only a few, half-ruined, of course, but they are there, they are generally grandeur, beauty, and maybe even the pride of our school. roofs touching the sky are especially poetic in ukrainian modernism. two-story, they resemble chinese ones pagodas, and decorative turrets were built as

a reinterpretation of church baths. to emphasize that the school is a temple of knowledge. but, as we know, the soviet authorities did not like temples. during the soviet era, the steeples were dismantled and the entrance was completely rebuilt, there is no vestibule, there is no second floor, why do they have such a desire for a high goal, they had only one idea, the preservation of the existing order for them, by ensuring the minimum for the people, and for at least the people should have been silent, if we start thinking a lot, we will eventually come up with what the government is with... well, that's it. later, many school buildings were converted into shops, clubs, sober houses, private homes and even garages. the soviet authorities destroyed a large number of works to which opanas slastion devoted his life. he himself died in

myrhorod in 1933, during the famine. and although the soviet era has long passed, in the days of independent ukraine, schools continue to be destroyed, sold and dismantled. to be destroyed under soviet power, it was done deliberately, but today it is simply due to ignorance, misunderstanding of the value and lack of proper protection in my father's homeland in the village of shmygli, the school has not been preserved literally for the last, maybe 10 years, there is also a person, well, who, who bought it and who dismantled it, and because of this, people know everything and treat it with such disgust, with such, with such pain it is all discussed. in recent years. activists who are trying to stop the destruction of buildings have united in the organization of the school of lohvytskyi zemstvo. they write petitions, appeal to the authorities, patrons and the community. there are no similar projects. each village has its own highlight. each school was certified, and

now entered in the state register, they are protected. if this happened 10-15 years ago. shmegliv school was saved, senchan school. would also be preserved, it would now become an ornament of the village. so far, out of 53 schools , only 307 buildings have been granted protective status. the ambitious goal of the activists is to include slastion schools in the... list of unesco world heritage sites. during our expedition, we came across another phenomenon of folk architecture. mill. now there are only eight of them left in the entire cherkasy region. and once there were over 10,000 windmills alone, 60 in each village. vitrak breaks many stereotypes. our grandfathers were illiterate. they were dark there, how illiterate they were, to build such an engineering

structure, to calculate gears, you need a lot of different, geometric, mathematical knowledge, to know wood, how in which, what season of the year wood should be sawn, how to harvest it, this was also necessary to know , for this mechanism to work. nazar lavrinenko was born here, in the village of ivkivtsi, in cherkasy region. he was always interested in windmills, received the profession of historian and ethnographer, and later founded the ukrainian milling association, will you sign me, the candidate of historical sciences, the head of the ukrainian milling association, and not a dog dog, will write, therefore he knows almost everything about windmills, they appeared in our country from the west , the german windmill, like the house of baba yaga, turns 360° around its axis, and the dutchman stands on the foundation, and only the tower with wings rotates, that is , the dutchman is already... the next stage of the evolution of millinery, there were much fewer dutchmen in our country, these are already later windmills, more

new technology, one of such unique mills, also restored, is located in the village of pustovity. in the center of our village, well , a little behind it, there is a dutch-type windmill, which was built by local craftsmen, its owner was slavetny kuzma denisovych dryga. this windmill is the only one in ukraine. there are no analogues to him in our country, in this photo you can see the family of kuzma dryga, he had six sons and four daughters, his father had a mill in his family, when he got married, he began to live in a separate house and built his first windmill already with his father, and then went to study. in france for 45-50 years, he was oriented in this way, he already had a farm, he already

had two milleniums of the kizlyar type, he had grown-up sons who could help him, and he had a lot of money, so he went abroad, drove he was supposed to go to holland via odesa by steamer, because he heard that there was such a windmill in holland, and he wanted to, he already had this farm, he wanted to expand it, but he did not make it to holland, he stopped in france, he ... was late for the steamer and met a man there who said: i also have such a mill, if you want, work for me and i will tell you, and he worked for him for two years as a hired man, from there already kuzma dryga brought drawings of a new mill and stones, good millstones, without cracks, rough and porous, they were made by stonemasons from a piece of rock, as a rule, they were made of several parts, connected with mortar or plaster, in ukraine at that time... the necessary stones were mined, so they were transported from europe. for two years they built here,

so you understand the flat terrain, this hill poured there is such a story that when they poured, in the evening they invited young people, they invited a harmonica player who played the accordion or the accordion there, and to this music the young people trampled the hill. people who entered the mill, they put sacks of grain here and poured them into such a compartment. then the grain was raised mechanically. that is, it is an elevator, the fact that bags did not need to be carried made the process much faster, but even this could not solve the problem of long queues. triv knew, people came and waited for several days on the mall, because there is such high-quality flour, well, if there were more in ukraine, well, i will not say, but there is little ground. the first and second millstones are located on the second floor, we climb with you to one more tier, the third. zhornov, the fourth and the fifth, further on. one millstone could

grind a bag of grain in 15 minutes. there are five such mechanisms. the windmill worked both day and night, that is, 20 bags per hour, almost 500 bags per day. such efficiency was achieved thanks to the newest, at that time, dutch mechanism. and the tower automatically returned wherever the wind blows, automatically. look at the wheel. the mill is a place of strength. in 1926, kuzma dryga died, his sons were disbanded and one of them was sent to the far east in a camp. two smaller mills were destroyed, but the larger one was saved. during the second world war, people independently guarded the mine. people, during all the years of the occupation, spent the night under the seashore at night so that it would not be torn down, because it fed, it saved people. those people who worked at the mill during the hunger strike, they, too, did not survive their families. and

we know it, he had to be protected. when they began to thresh grain with the help of electricity, the mills became. to forget, disassemble, destroy or simply throw in the field, but even here the myronivites were lucky: the managers of the collective farm treated the mill with respect and in the 80s the first restoration took place, in 2017 the monument was restored for the second time at the expense of local entrepreneurs. today, the mill can even run on electricity. the mill is cared for by the local community. excursions lead here, and even now, even during the war... passing cars constantly stop here, because people want take a picture well, for our ukraine there is, which is a farming region, it is a monument to our ancestors who worked on this, on this land, here the laborers live, to this day, they work to this day, bread, our land is very fertile, it brings profit to people.

thanks to such people who care about their village, individual mills are still standing. thus, in 2000 , nazar initiated a local toloka to restore the windmill, which he had loved since childhood and whose destruction he had watched for many years. a year, two, three, five, and mine will pass there will be children someday, and they will not see the windmill, that is, i specifically wanted to restore this windmill for my children, so that they can still see it, go to it, look. otaku , we made such... a personal note to the workers of the village, sights, architecture of the beginning of the 20th century , odentsivskii mill, built in the sixth year , is protected by the state. the last line, based on the assumption that the state is you and me, we are protected by the state, and not by some foreign institution. no, it is protected by us and you. this is the windmill

was before the restoration. he should have just fallen, but the community took it upon himself to save him. there is a record on the stand. but every last name of entrepreneurs, peasants, pensioners and even children who helped restore the windmill. the old, small, crooked, on sticks gathered, the children came, everyone came, and here it was restored for a day, two, three, and then tables were set up, and porridge was cooked here, well, as it should be on a tolos, and then the mechanism was restored to it wings, and internal mechanisms restored all, and made it fully operational, in terms of internal structure. and we we see this pillar, which is buried in the ground, it stands two feet in the ground and is sprinkled with salt, two carts of salt, the salt attracts moisture and the oak becomes rotten, so it does not rot, because it has been standing for 100 years, it still performs its functions . when nazar and the community restored the windmill, not having the appropriate knowledge, they first made a gear from acacia, but

it broke as soon as the mill was started. tell me , my father told me to make it, this is what he says from the willow, this is the foundation, he says make the foundation the lower and upper ones are soft, but these teeth must be made of ash, it is hard and plastic and it does not crack under load, it crumbles , but no, do not crumble, and it plays in soft willow and then it will work for you. culture of ukrainian culture. what it is by definition is the totality of the achievements of humanity at a certain stage of development, but at a certain stage of development, this was the peak of our achievements, engineering, technical and so on, mills disappear very quickly, no one even has time to think that they are monuments of our culture. in the last three years alone, the cherkasy region

has lost eight such windmills, they say there is no mill in the sparrow, i call, i tell my grandfather, what happened to yours... that’s what happened, he says, there’s a cornflower, remember there was a cornflower standing around it, they understood, the children were playing , they set it on fire, but it burned down, and here you come, it’s completely gone, we lost it, we just lost it and that’s all, he died, that’s why we lose them, friends, and you just had a unique opportunity to go for a walk, it’s still dry in the living, except that nazar initiated the restoration of the windmill, he is also engaged in the development of tourism and leisure in... kivtsi, but his big dream is to create a museum of millinery here, where windmills of various types from all over ukraine would be brought. if you drive along country roads and chat a little with the locals, almost every community has

its own story about downshifters who exchanged the city for life in the village. and some even record their vlog about it on youtube. i myself am from the city of umen, but i was born in the crimea, i am an apartment person who has never shown interest in land and... somewhere in my head, something moved after after long travels in different countries, i had the opportunity to meet interesting, extraordinary people, and when we got to know them better, they invited us, went to our summer house, or to a country house or somewhere else, and usually these were very non-standard, atypical buildings, for example, it could be a pensioner in the turkish mountains, or lithuanians, who i have in the pine forests... an old house, well, an elementary hut in the carpathians, where you can spend the night and warm up during a hike near the fire, which crackles and prompts you

to some high thoughts, that is, you return to something so simple. after long travels around the world, dmytro and his wife decided to stay near uman, in the village of old grandmothers, in a restored manor of the beginning of the 19th century. at first it was a desire to have. his little daughter, a local boy said that i saw an old woman's house for sale here, and when i saw it for the first time, i realized that it was probably exactly the option i was looking for, the house and everything in it, it's like a time machine, for example, from among the interesting and unusual things that can still be found nowadays, this is such a key, and the house was closed. and then i come to touch the ear once or twice and open it, crossing the threshold, i say hello to her, lean in, because if you don’t do it,

you’ll get your head screwed on, this is the room that we first set out to fix, the classic stove, it’s working , it warms us, it feeds us, it’s a great feeling on the couch, if you wake up in the morning, then... it’s impossible to get out of it, as if you’re stuck to it, and there’s even a video about how we restored it, all that we did with this house, from the beginning until today, we shoot for our youtube channel, which is called dimon, go around the world, subscribe, don't be shy, dmitry's channel has advice for those who want to dare to do something like this, although he honestly warns viewers that this is a difficult challenge that will take a lot of time, because in the clay house of the post... insects will live, beetles will make nests, that is what ecological housing is like, it is like an old grandmother with wrinkles, which you, well, do not paint, do not

lubricates, but you won't make her young anymore, and she will always be so crooked, crooked, not perfect, but personally i just like it. in his home, dmytro adheres to the ideology of a simple life, puts mental comfort in the first place, in addition to ukrainian artifacts, he also collects... from all over the world, here we have ethno international, that is , africa, egypt, india, and a little bit of everything, such our kind of traveling pun, well , taras is here, now we only have a modern light, and that’s not improved, because everything is carried, we don’t have water, here our washbasin is also like this... a wonderful design, which is enough for a day to wash, wash the dishes and feet before going to bed. in fact, i understand that you don’t

need a lot to be happy, that is, i feel really happy here, and you probably even physically feel cooler than in the city, that is, you forget about various pains there, something is bothering you somewhere, that’s all here, here you must have time to do what you planned, take a bath and... and warm your bones on a couch, when dmytro and his wife bought a house, there was no information about its history or owners they didn't have it, but during the restoration it was possible to learn something. here, by the way, is a mention of the year of construction, 1836. now the family lives in the older half of the building. the second part of the house appeared much later. traditionally, ukrainian houses were completed for future generations, replenished. the whole family, the house was also expanding. it's hard to see, but i've already researched it, it's actually the phrase that helped us find out who built this house, it's the servant of god.

arefa, they wrote in russian then, and his wife agafia. the people called them garehta and havka, gaffe. 1905 year. garehta and his wife agafia, who built this house, are unfortunately victims of the famine. they had three orphaned sons, and one of them continued to live here. well, that's what we've been able to find out so far. here we want the opposite. is to preserve the traditionality, some such ukrainian uniqueness, that is , a certain central ukrainian style will not be maintained here either, but the general style of ukrainian housing will be observed, and although this house was not planned for green or any other tourism, dmytro has guests with his wife accept: the manor in old baban is available for couchsurfing, as a free place for...

overnight stay and cultural exchange with travelers from different countries. i see that someone with a backpack is the same as me, skinny, they went here to visit. well, it's interesting for them, because i know for myself that if you're traveling and you don't know where you're going and what awaits you, then the surprise that the locals can suddenly prepare for you, and none haven't regretted it yet. this, by the way, is one of the important characters. local a resident, sashko, a local historian who, one might say, brought us here. in his own way, he is our guide, who, by the way, also helped us a lot here, both with the search for information, and physically, and sculpting, and painting, and whitewashing, and what we just didn't do here. at a time when the restoration of authentic ukrainian houses is becoming a trend, sashko advises to pay attention to old grandmothers, this is an ideal

place to find. unique objects of ancient architecture, which are slowly crumbling and need restoration. the house, which is more than 120 years old, 125 to be exact. the last ones her mistress, babadunya, lived two years ago, passed away into eternity, and left such a memory with her, and the house was actually still about half a meter higher, it smoothly enters, enters the ground, enters, enters, it came from the earth and that is probably where it should go , we'll see. a traditional ukrainian house of central ukraine divided into two halves, or as we say in two houses, the bastard was preserved here, at that time the most expensive part of the house, because it was difficult to find wood, and such an inscription is direct, i will read it to you, seydom, sostruzhon, or sorozhon , by god's servant sergei kirilyuk in may 1898

month three on may 3, grandmother dunya, the last owner, she was already a daughter-in-law, they asked her, like cool lenin, who is that, she says, this is my mother, for example, well, this is this, this, and this towel, fabric, home-woven, no , not a base, but specifically woven on a loom, the year 54, it was when the old woman was getting married, she was given a dowry, another very interesting thing, like a bench, and this... the bench is just so capital, it is made of granite pillars, which directly sewn into the house, here is one and there you can see the other, and in this house they gathered for dinner parties, spun kuzhil and they talked, and grandmother dunya told that they had a wedding here, people are sitting here, people are sitting in another house, and others are standing on the street, waiting, they ate, others came in, sat down here, because relatives, and she there was a lot, and he had a lot, she told me how they celebrated the centenary, they were already laughing that

it was a reason to drink vodka, tomorrow the house would be 100 years old and they gathered with beans, well, it was when 24 years ago, they say, they were sitting here remembering the house, well a museum, it's a museum, if only it had some impetus, it's a house from the 1930s. this is a house, it was built from saman, but time passed and the bricks were covered, and the middle remained adobe, there was such an oven, we have a small room where you can cook something here, we are now heating the stove. all this

is heated with firewood.