represents united by football together stronger. it's 5 p.m. in ukraine, to your attention a news release on the espresso tv channel. in the studio of iryna koval. greetings to all viewers. one person died as a result of enemy shelling of a reedbed in donetsk region. two others were seriously injured. they were hospitalized. this was reported in the office of the prosecutor general. the occupiers will drop.

an aerial bomb on a five-story building in the village. the impact caused a fire. emergency workers retrieved the body of a 67-year-old woman from under the rubble. the rescue operation is ongoing. indifference kills. a rally in support of ukrainian prisoners of war took place in kyiv. relatives, prisoners of the kremlin and caring ukrainians took part in the action. the purpose of the meeting is to remind about the captured defenders. motorists joined the rally, they came through the streets of the capital in cars with azov inscriptions and posters. within two weeks, volodymyr zelenskyi will sign the law on mobilization. this was stated by the deputy chairman of the verkhovna rada oleksandr kornienko. according to him, currently there are no resolutions in the parliament that would blocked the signing of amendments to the law. and volodymyr zelensky condemned.

iran's planned attack on israel, the head of state wrote about it on the page on the ex social network. zelensky called on the us congress to act decisively and pass the necessary assistance to strengthen security. he emphasized that the actions of iran and russia threaten the whole world with the expansion of the war. and the discussions that are still going on are not capable of stopping drones or shooting down missiles. serious. this is how the german chancellor olaf scholz, who is in moscow, characterized iran's attack on israel with an official visit to china, and also expressed germany's solidarity with israel. in turn, prime minister rishi sunak said that great britain would send additional aircraft to the region to prevent the recurrence of similar combined air strikes. let me remind you that tonight iran launched at least 186 missiles and 100.46 missiles,

both ballistic and air-to-ground, at israel. israel claimed to have destroyed 99% of all targets. last night, iran launched a barrage of missiles and attack drones across the middle east in the side of israel. this was a dangerous and unnecessary escalation, which i strongly condemned. thanks to international coordinated efforts, in which great britain participated, almost all of these missiles were intercepted, saving lives not only from. israel, but also in neighboring countries such as jordan. the royal air force has sent additional aircraft to the region as part of our operations against isis in iraq and syria. condemnation around the world and important support from the united states, great britain, germany, showed two very clearly things: iran is isolated by its aggressive behavior, with which it wants to destabilize the whole region and the opportunities with... israel have shown that israel is strong,

israel can defend itself. ihor klymenko held talks with the ministers of internal affairs of latvia, lithuania and estonia. the meeting took place in lviv. the main topic of the negotiations is the security of ukraine against the background of increasing enemy attacks on civilian and critical infrastructure. this was reported in the ministry of internal affairs. during the meeting, the ministers discussed the issues mined regions of ukraine, the situation on the border and creation. a safe educational space, the partners also had the opportunity to see the cities of bahmud, izyum and bucha destroyed by the russians with the help of augmented reality glasses. one of the priorities that is on the agenda is, of course, the safety of the educational environment. the lithuanian government is ready to allocate 400,000 euros for the purchase of metal detectors for installation in educational institutions. we will continue to support you. and we will stand side by side until

victory itself. ran 5 km on prosthetics. yana stepanenko took part in the boston marathon. 12-year-old girl. lost both legs as a result of a rocket attack by the occupiers on the railway station in kramatorsk. since then, yana has been undergoing rehabilitation and is actively involved in sports. yana took part in the race to help raise funds for a modern protest for ukrainian soldier oleksandr ryasny, who lost a limb while defending the zaporozhye direction. weapons of victory ukrposhta presented new postage stamps. the set is composed. of six photos showing ukrainian-made weapons, in particular, the shark drone, the unmanned aviation complex lyuty, the fpv drone squadron, the bohdan artillery installation, the kozak armored car and the magurav marine drone5. the postal block was issued in a circulation of

120,000 copies, when ordering stamps, a donation of uah 30 will go to support the defense forces. in the city of noginsk near moscow , the russians demolished the only church of the orthodox church of ukraine. this was announced by the cleric of the ocu svyatoslav skorohot. according to the priest, in 2016, the noginsky district court issued a decision to demolish the church, because he allegedly disturbed the peace of the local population. and i want to remind you about our collection. means of communication and security are required under. intelligence business of the third regiment of special operations forces, they fight for the independence of our country in difficult battles on the eastern front and give us the opportunity to live, work and study. our goal is uah 720,000. with your help, we have already collected more than 90 thousand. let's not delay,

the war continues and the help of each of us is very important. you can now see all the details on the screen. such were the news at that time, we see you at 18 o'clock, you can read more on our website espresso tv, also follow us on social networks and watch us on youtube. greetings, good evening, i'm myroslav varchuk, this is a self-titled program, a joint project of ukrainian pen and the espresso tv channel. today we will talk about the ukrainian cultural or literary canon, i.e. those texts, exemplary texts, iconic, which are

important for culture. we will talk about how it changes, who we take on board, who we leave. mine overboard today's guest is vakhtant kibuladze, philosopher, writer, vakhtany, vakhtanje, welcome, good evening, thank you for coming, glory, glory to heroes, so we are talking about heroes, let's start with who we take on board, who defines it, yes, do we, do people stay, do cultural figures, artists, writers stay in the boat, yes, do they not stay, in what way? given, who is it, who decides it? history decides, after all, we are only at the beginning of the process, and what remains there, we will not live to see it, i am afraid, but she said it wrong, well,

that is, it is a difference between the literary canon and the broader cultural one, well, it is difficult to say about the cultural canon, because there the criteria are blurred, so how to count? let's say an artist there, is he a ukrainian artist or a non-ukrainian artist, by his place of birth, by his place of residence, by the theme of his works, by what, and how do you define it for yourself, do you have a certain feeling, something there, for example, it is very sub objective, and here it is difficult, it seems to me, in music, in visual arts, in literature, it seems to me to be very, very simple, there is a simple criterion, it's language, huh, and no matter what they say to me, i don't think that there is, for example, the phenomenon of russian-language ukrainian literature, it's impossible, language, there is such a big illusion that we, we use language, we write in the language, no, the language speaks to us, we, we write in the language, and the language writes in us, that is why the writer who is

bilingual writers, and there are phenomena of bilingual writers, and it is always a question of which literature to classify this writer, sometimes to god , and sometimes bi. to some one. if the writer is monolingual, then it is clear that he is creates that literature, the language in which he writes, period. but even if he lives in ukraine and writes in russian, then he is a russian russian writer. that's all, and here we just need to put a full stop and understand that these are russian writers, another difficult question is whether russianness means hostility unequivocally, or if this is a russian writer, then we must necessarily consider him an enemy, this is a difficult question, because well, now it is obvious, now there is a war, now i think that everything russian is dangerous for us, yes. but we look at the future, well, first of all, we never know

what will be there in reality, but if we are talking about writers who wrote, or until now some still write in russian, but at the same time they may be of ukrainian origin, or describe ukrainian plots, so how to treat them, i don’t know, i don’t have any ambiguities here, i would introduce another such and such a distinction, this writer is imperial... or not, for some reason we are talking about the decolonization of ukraine, about decommunization, but we are not talking about de-imperialization of our own consciousness, and we are hindered by this, because here we are such a trauma: how will we enter world culture and world literature, world philosophy, without relying on the great and, as they call it, russian, russian literature, and simply enter, since like a large number of peoples who do not have , well , for me... it’s easier for me to talk about philosophy, let’s say, since i’ve been doing phenomenology all my life, i can’t just

read here, i don’t read here, but i studied the work of gustav shpet, what a kyivan, who graduated from st. volodymyr university, which now shevchenko university, where i have taught all my life and where i studied, but what does it mean that he is a ukrainian philosopher? no, he is not a ukrainian philosopher, he is a russian philosopher, and the bolsheviks killed him, tortured him at first. he ended up on the curtain, then, then he was shot, we can't even know exactly where and how, but this is a victim of stalin's terror, it is obvious, but that he is not a russian philosopher, he is a russian philosopher, and he carries with him, despite the fact that he belongs to a tradition, to a greater extent german-speaking, and phenomenology, but he has all the signs of a russian philosopher, first of all why, because he writes in russian, and berdyaev, berdyaev is also a russian philosopher, he is from kyiv, yes, but this. a russian philosopher, and even more so, berdyaev, he has very dangerous works

for us and for humanity in general, the russian idea, this is such a russian proto-fascism, practically, modern russian fascists and nazis, they rely on these ideas, in particular, although he has at the same time there is a work that is very important for us, the original meaning of russian communism, and where is it where he practically shows how russian communism grows out of russian orthodoxy, and how orthodoxy is connected. with russian totalitarianism and ultimately terror, well , it is precisely for this work that he is dragged into the pantheon, once again, we have to understand what that means, it is not possible, we are not a totalitarian and not an authoritarian state, we cannot ban some writer or or an artist or a philosopher, but even more we should study the enemy, i generally believe, and i repeat it many times, that the main one of our main problems is that we still do not have an institute of russia, we do not have an institute that would systematically study russia in all dimensions of this evil,

history, politics, religion, economy, literature, philosophy, etc., there are individual initiatives in various institutions, but there is no institute the study of our main enemy, and it is necessary, we have to study russian, russian should be the object of research, meticulous, meticulous research. of russia, we will now talk about a person who should definitely be returned to the national

pantheon, first of all to the kyiv area, this person's name is mykola makarenko, he is an art critic, archaeologist, who is actually the savior of st. michael's and st. sophia's cathedrals in kyiv. oksana zabushko, a writer, is in touch with us. ms. oksana, i greet you, good evening. good day. ms. oksano, but... you created a petition on the website of the kyiv city council to honor mykola makarenko and to rename one of the streets of kyiv, which is right between sofia. and st. michael's cathedral, named after mykola makarenko. tell me a few, please. i'm sure there are many people still don't know about mykola makarenko. please tell me what kind of man this is and why it is so important to honor his memory and bring back his memory? well, you know, this is an old story, and i would say

it has been on my heart for a long time. i think i saw yours. post on facebook, ms. myroslava, and we , the children of the kyiv intelligentsia of the 70s, understand this, this is what we grew up with, this is the oral history that was left to us where the written one was taken away from us, where the documents were taken away from us, er, and in the case of mykola makarenko, it was a retelling, it was a kyiv apocrypha, about... a person who passed word of mouth, that is, about an art critic and archaeologist who saved sofia of kyiv, mykhailivskyi could not, but sofia saved kyiv. well, probably, we should start with something that may not be known to everyone. after the holodomor, when kyiv was finally pacified, pacified, and

ceased to be the city of pitelyurov, it was named by dobkin, we remember, back in the 21st year, thus, unaware, betraying the circles with which he communicates, obviously, that means in those , in the circles of that czech cotton wool that lay down then in kharkiv, those zhduns who were waiting for the arrival of the russian troops, kyiv remained a pitlyurov city even after 100 years, but it is clear that in 1930, i.e. after the holodomor, it already ceased to be a pitlyurov city, and the capital could be moved from kharkiv to kyiv. in the 20s it was still dangerous. kyiv was the gate, kyiv was the pitlyurovsky city, which did not accept the bolsheviks, and it is clear that this was the history of the uprooting of kyiv, including

the history of the projects of its architects. round rape, that is, it means, of course, destruction, destruction of churches, only in the 1930s , about 300 cathedrals were destroyed, that is, it is clear that this is a complete change of the architectural face of the city, but the main thing is that it was this project of langbard, one of the leading stalinist architects, the project of langbard, that would be it would be good if you had a picture, because this project has been preserved, and from it even one corner of this very colossal rectangle, which was supposed to be in place, of the entire city of yaroslav, this is that city of yaroslav, that is the historical heart of russia, was sewn to us... of ukraine, where from sofia to mykhailivskyi,

this is the whole territory, that is, from the 10th, from the 11th to... century, that is, it all had to be demolished, instead there was to be a colossal, gray-bricked, hefty rectangle , in the center of which was supposed to be an 80-meter-tall statue of lenin, and it all ended with stairs that went down directly to the dnieper. to the river station, yes, yes, there is this project, there is this project, this is a drawing by this leningrad sculptor langard, and in fact it is, it is colossal, this one on mt. there is a colossal statue, and from it there are stairs leading to the dnieper, and this is from below, and this is how from below you can see this absolutely terrible view, well

, but we have left, so not only the drawing, we have left from it and... pam well, we have only the very corner of this rectangle left, which gives an idea of ​​the scale and scope of the project, and this corner is the current ministry of foreign affairs, which means that before what was there, whether the party committee or the party committee, yes, well, you can see it, this gray massive gray patch, it was the beginning of construction, i.e.... construction began, mykhailivskyi was demolished, buildings, clearing, so the territory began, and construction began, so how... how did sophia heal, well, this is a mystery, and the answer to this, to this this kyiv apocrypha, according to which mykola

makarenko, one of the leading ukrainian archaeologists, art historians, he studied in st. petersburg, finished, in my opinion, well, in the first years, somewhere in the first years of the 20th century, in each by the way, in 1910 he already headed the antiquities department of the vermitage, and in 1919, when independent ukraine became independent, he came , that means he started working, not remembering skoropadskyi or petlyura, well, in any case, that means he came, he came to kyiv to build his native ukraine, a native of the cossack family, he is from poltava region, from lohvytsia. and the subject matter of his works was always ukrainian to a large extent, he is, by the way, a melitopol cemetery, this is also his work, i.e. mariupol, mariupol cemetery,

mariupol, my god, i’m sorry, yes, that means wooden churches, descriptions of wooden churches , he was an expert from byzantine antiquity and byzantine studies, but only those works of his... petersburg period have actually survived, because the main period of his creative activity, the kyiv period, is all that went under the knife when he was arrested, he was arrested in 1934, that is, to get rid of him at that time from kyiv, because he just unleashed colossal activity and frenzied activity to stop this langbard project, to slow it down, i just don’t know... a martyr under the wheels, as you like, he praised the telegrams to stalin, explaining, therefore, the cost these masterpieces from the fatherland and why they are necessary, justifying and so on,

it is clear that no one listened, watched or read it, so according to the urban legend, he came out, it is known that he came out against the french communists, which means that it did not work with the communists, and the version is as follows , that somehow he came out on romain roland, and romain roland, as you know, is the best friend of a comrade. to which comrade stalin listened, and rumen roland found this move and trick, well, did makarenko tell him, that is, after asking the great leader of the world proletariat, about what they say they have achieved rumors that they will be demolished in kyiv means the cathedral of st. sophia, and so, but it would be nice to preserve it in the interests of soviet-french friendship. because it is also a french landmark and important for the french people, since the queen of france was crowned there. well, she got married in reims, of course, but this is just the case

when the bed was saved, you know, it just came in handy, well, in any case, are they known or exist on that occasion, i only read about it once, published in the magazine ukraine in the era of perestroika. some documentary evidence of this, if there are any left, they are in moscow, when they will be handed over to us, it is not known, but in any case, eh, it means that this man was arrested for trying to save her mykhailivskyi and sofia, he was exiled somewhere there, so the east there to the russian hinterland, then he was arrested a second time and shot for some reason, well , as it was done in those days in the year 38 , it means for some kind of cadet conspiracy or something else, well, in any case, they got rid of him, so where his grave is unknown, and

the main thing is that all his heritage is from this very kyiv period, and this kyiv period of his began, which is also important, when he arrived in 1919, he became the director of the khanenko museum, then it was called the art museum in guan, the all-ukrainian academy of sciences, and... as a matter of fact, as the director of the khanenky museum, he started a very active activity to return to kyiv, the collection of the khanenkys, which was taken out during the first world war to moscow and st. petersburg, petrograd. listen, that's all, that's all how ties the story in such a tight knot, that's a fantastic fact, what you said, i didn't know about it, but i know another story, i just want to add now, you mentioned mariupo. cemetery, and i will simply explain that where was this cemetery when the soviet authorities in the 30s began to build the industrial giant azovstal, known to us

later. then, after the tragedy that unfolded there in the 22nd year, in this place , they found old burials, which are several thousand years old, it was actually called the mariupol burial ground, and literally several months were given for archaeological research, and it was mykola makarenko who unearthed some colossal treasures of the palace, axes, stone, some... why the museum, which was destroyed by the same russians in the same year 22, and what they did not finish, they simply stole, actually these, in particular, these treasures, they stole with them to their museums, and that's all, i say, it's just a shocking story that shows that everything... it's

one thing, yes, what we're talking about now, it's all that the most historical, the same historical node, that is, if we ask history the right answers, the right questions, i'm sorry, then we immediately get the correct answers, where one follows the other, just whole, you know, he pulled the thread, and at once the whole knitting of an intricacy of lies wound up over 100 years, here it is all at once. it dissolves, like that, you know how, only, you just have to pull the thread in the right place, and makarenko is that thread, you know, which, well, first of all, first of all, this thing called, well, god commanded, you know, here is this street, and also about the street, about the street that is located between, exactly between sofia and mykhailivskyi, so is there? by the way,

it was also blocked, and the barrack church, the baroque refectory of the 18th century remained there, healed, this is the only thing that remained of the various ruins, but, but langbard was arrested as a result, you understand, the project was blocked, yes it all left, and so we now have this palimsest, by the way, about which very few kyiv tour guides talk, when in fact it is... well, it is actually incredibly interesting, standing like this, you will come, who are not from kyiv, you will come to kyiv, face mykhailivskyi, and on the left hand side of you there will be this very corner of this langbard street, this means the blocked long building, and there on the gate there at the entrance gate, which leads to the authentic, intact. in the small

refectory, there is a small bust of mykola makarenko installed by the efforts of ivan dzyuba, as early as the early 90s, which means that ivan dzyuba, like all sixties, had this story close to his heart when he was the minister of culture, at least he had time so to introduce makarenko into the kyiv space, the street in question, it is exactly between sofia and... mykhailivskyi, and it is called the street for a moment of alla tarasova, people's artist of the ussr, mkhat artist, five-time winner of the stalin prize, the question that she is doing what alla tarasova is doing there, and here is a note, ben, here is another knot for you, mrs. miroslava, because historically this was troitsky lane, and

it was there even in the years of our childhood. troitsky lane, and it was renamed to alu tarasova street, that is, in the time of the shcherbyt russification purge of kyiv, how many unfinished historical buildings of kyiv were blown up then, how many were blown up then, forgive the museums, i remember how all the adults mourned, mourned in the... in the yard of the lesya ukrainka museum, that’s how a restaurant was later built there, and we don’t have a museum building of neschuy levytskyi in the center of kyiv, the most kyivan, one might say , writer who described kyiv of the 19th century, who left us, well, in the end on kozhumyakakah everyone knows, it is redone in the blink of an eye.