taras, good evening, well, at what stage are the economic relations between ukraine and poland, let's say, and ukraine and the european union in general, after discussing for so long what to do with the restrictions that were already, as it were, canceled in 2022? well, actually, these were unilateral restrictions on the part of the european union, so-called help on their part, because we have a bilateral relationship with britain. renewal of tariffs and it was extended in the spring of this year for 5 years with the european union, since we have more intensive relations, it is clear that it was a slightly more sensitive discussion and , well, by and large, our economic relations are quite intense, and no matter how it looks from the outside, the same european union needs the ukrainian economy, ukrainian agriculture very much. what we

are discussing is rather a discussion about what are the problems within the european union, what are the problems in us and how do they interact with each other, and do they interact constructively, do they spark, and we have several products there, because they are really at your fingertips you can count on one hand how many of us really have certain, certain sensitive moments, but in... and each, each of them has its own story, its own perspective, and in fact, from this plane, everything is fine with us, worse with in the plane of such political and, that is , trade-economic, political-economic, and this issue of protests is in poland, in the european union, and here of agrarian protests, and here we can say that we have also achieved our goal. because from the point of view

of rational trade, from the point of view of associations that are involved in constant trade, everything is fine here, and the polish associations support us, which in principle has already become the subject of discussion within the polish agricultural sector, to what extent those associations that understand us represent those farmers who are protesting, because the protesters are dissatisfied, but dissatisfied in the first place because... they simply, like many people who have psychological problems there, and each of us faces, cannot directly say what they want, and why so, that is, for them it is primarily a political moment of pressure, maybe it's clear what they want, maybe they want money, but it's just a shame to ask them outright like that, and because in reality it's necessary to understand that in these, these are protests of people who... are protesting with quite good equipment,

have very small volumes of production, and they invest in crops that do not bring much profit in such small areas, there, for example, the same corn, but this, again, this is not a matter that even i have the right to discuss, so that this is internal polish politics, another matter, what really. these farmers clearly understand that those who are protesting are not those who are engaged in trade with ukraine, in trade with other countries, with that large agrarian, large agrarian sector that is in poland, and the part that is protesting is mostly people, farmers who understand that their future, unfortunately, depends entirely on how the subsidy system will work, and this is a big generational debate, this problem has been accumulating. 20 years,

and now it's just, you know, there is a very good comparison, there was such a one, yes, he died, the writer douglas adams, who wrote scientific fiction, humorous, hitchhiking through the galaxy, one of his stories was about a planet over which there was such gas dust, and they did not see that there were other planets, then this gas dust disappeared, and they and the population of this planet saw the population of the universe and decided to destroy everything. in fact, this is perhaps the most rational explanation of what those polish farmers who are protesting are protesting against, and why it is so long that it is not possible to find a common language with them, because they are simply afraid of the fact that there is a huge universe agricultural products, the international market, and in addition to ukraine, it includes the european union itself, france, germany, spain, italy, the united states, brazil, argentina, china.

the whole, the whole world with which we trade, from which we buy something, sell something, for that part of the agricultural market of poland, it turned out to be a certain discovery and... charm that, unfortunately, they exist in such a world, well but poland has been open to such a world for a long time, it joined the hundred before us, before we joined the european union, in principle, what is the problem, why exactly ukrainian grain has become such an indicator, and because in fact, despite, in fact, it is huge in poland, they export much more agricultural products than we do, thanks to access to ukrainian products. as raw materials, poland has only increased its exports, these figures are no secret to anyone, the ministry of agrarian policy of poland printed these presentations and boasted about its indicators. the question lies in only

one segment of those farmers who, in fact , lived for a whole generation mainly without trading abroad and generally having trade more than. temporary source of their existence, because in fact they are non-profit without subsidies, and this is such, well, such an obvious secret, which no one has hidden in the system of rural agricultural policy of the eu, it is clear that goods, a change in the flow of goods from ukraine to ukraine through the territory of poland , as it happened in 2022 was an extraordinary shock for these farmers and... they actually because of this shock and are protesting a rational explanation until how to get out of this shock for them, unfortunately, was not found, because for this group, and for all other groups, we have a very good dialogue, an understanding of the

fact that, by and large, despite the fact that these protesters are, i don't know, over . .. inertia is blocking this border without any sense, we are still developing our trade, increasing exports by sea, despite the shelling from the russian federation and this port infrastructure, we have more exports, our exports are reaching pre-war indicators in 2022 year, regarding volumes of production, of course there is a question in prices, because the value of this export is less than. was in the pre-war years, but nevertheless, in terms of volumes, we go there, while transit through poland, it is reduced more and more simply due to market conditions, and this is a big, big loss for poland, in fact, because after this, few people

believe these protests in the predictability of poland as a trading partner, first of all, and therefore poland's dreams that they will be some... such and such holland for ukraine, i.e. such place of export of ukrainian products, did not come true. in contrast to romania, romania, where rational cooperation has led to the fact that constantiport has a larger transshipment and the road from sereto to there is closer to the ports . after all, this is actually the liberum veto of the 21st century, when a small group of small farmers actually harms the entire polish economy and the ukrainian economy as well, simply because they want so and tell me, how did poland manage

to convince france to jointly lobby for these restrictions on the import of agricultural products, why france in particular, how did it even happen? it's actually very very simple, there are large industrial facilities in france in poland that belong to french companies, and this is actually their industrial interest, and they actually tried to just increase the number of products, but their interest was related to one product, and they tried as much as possible limit it more there is no big big secret here, but tell me, mr. taras, isn't this a certain... signal about the problems with the negotiations on european integration, which we still have to go through precisely in the economic plane? well, the word problem here is good, but it does not mean, that is, it

is, of course, such an absolutely trivial and not even very complicated example of how the negotiations on joining the european union will be conducted, here it must be understood that in addition to... a huge , a huge amount of work on the screening of legislation, implementation of norms and rules eu, there are a lot of underground such or non-obvious... currents, such as the commercial interests of competitors of our producers, or simply interests in the expansion of these or other producers, that is, there it is now it concerns our agricultural products, but in the future it will also metallurgy, and energy, and many such examples will constantly emerge, and we just need to be calm about it and explain our strategy to them, after all, even now , you and i can cover only a small superficial part of the issues in the television format

agrarians, but in fact, this problem is already a point, which is in the dialogue between ukraine and the european union, in the end, it is all about construction, it is about additional access of our products to the eu market, it is not about a decrease, and it will be less than in 23 year, but nevertheless this is really... still about additional access than we had before the war, so already now huge discussions have started in the middle of the european union, in other states, members of the european union, about how this future joint will look like agrarian policy, and the protesters, instead of drawing attention to themselves so vividly, should have focused on what really hurts them, and what hurts them is what is obvious... they will have to deal with ukraine one way or another with or without ukraine to change and evolve in the same way as ukrainian

producers, there is no doubt here, but one must understand that due to the fact that we have a lot going on, due to the fact that we have such a unique chance to develop in the ukrainian agrarian sector - it is to survive and be competitive. we are everything in fact, even if we are less developed than the complex european agrarian, agrarian economy, still from the point of view of dynamics, we are much more dynamic, and that is precisely the polish farmers, they would also have the part that protests, again, because there are industries that are absolutely competitive, and they even compete with civilized ones, what about us, here we will still have to think about how to adapt to the future, what will this agrarian future be, you see on your screen what a wonderful

technique, and people, in principle, understand that with it would be possible to develop economically with it, but they see themselves more in the position of such a victim of the future, a victim of generational changes in rural agricultural policy, perhaps this is justified in the form of additional subsidies, but in fact, in essence, this issue is not decides for them, therefore they will still have to change and adapt to a world in which, in addition to the social function of agriculture, there is also economic rationality, and they will have to respond to these economic rationalities, and again, not ukraine in in this case is their enemy, but rather the reality that... no matter how socially important farming is, it still has to be a

profitable business and they have to be profitable enough to not depend only and exclusively from subsidies. well, by the way, the very negotiations of central european countries about joining the european union created such a social burden on business and this, it was obvious from the very integration of poland and others. in fact, what that, yes, that, that, that was a huge victory for the polish, the polish negotiations, and upon joining the european union, in fact, regarding what is considered a farm, in which way, even though it was not 100% subsidies there from the first day, there was a transition period regarding receiving the subsidy, but it is actually was a huge, huge victory, which in principle, it's not... it's a pyrrhic and, i mean, it's a victory really, it just led to the fact that in 20 years

this part of the farmers who are screaming that they're dying, they're actually farmers, who feel that they simply lived in it's like saying that they lived in a greenhouse in very hothouse conditions, and now they are, they feel what fresh soil is, and what free soil is. competition without additional subsidies, and they are afraid of this, and this is this fear, again ukraine here is only such a certain manifestation of this fear, but in no way the cause. because we have proven on all the numbers and in principle this rationality is shared by all our partners, that we are in no way an enemy even for these small farmers, they will just have to come up with a creative approach what about exactly which cultures to cultivate, which markets to focus on, it is possible not

to depend only on local markets to think about international markets as well, but these are all very constructive choices, this is... a choice, you know, if i became richer, which to go to a resort, that is, it is not relevant for ukraine now in the conditions of war, but still in peacetime, that is, this development took place, yes, when welfare becomes better, the same with these farmers, that is, most likely they protest against the very fact that they are forced to do something so critical rethinking ourselves, but this does not mean that this is an existential threat, it is a question of some kind of development, and that... that's why i think that it's all a song, these are factors that coincided in time, and we also need to use them, at least to learn to defend our position, to explain our position the most, because it is our only tool, we do not have such opportunities to exert pressure as in the member states of the european union, because we are not on

equal terms, and because we are something please give us something. in case poland is there enlisted the support of france, they said, no, we are not ready to give anything, we do not actually have a direct argument in response, but our only argument is to explain our logic, the logic of the development of events, and we see that our logic is shared by many member states of the european union, the entire north, the entire far west, and many in the south, and germany, denmark. everyone in the baltics, everyone actually understands very clearly that in this discussion we are rather right, and the polish farmers are not completely right. thank you, mr. taras, taras kachka, deputy minister of economy of ukraine us on the air. now let's move on to middle eastern events. this night was, i would say, dramatic in the history of the region. vadim polishchuk, a political observer from israel, is in

touch with us. greetings mr. vadim. good evening, mr. vitaly. well, let's try with you to sum up, what can we say now, how do the israelis feel after this, i would say, i would say historic night, right? well, the israelis, well, they felt, in the evening there were fears that this night would be hot, and israel would feel, let's say, greater destruction and greater, there would be consequences of this attacks, fortunately some terrible fears did not come true and... israel repulsed this attack with dignity, and now, when they have recovered a little and the joy of having avoided the most terrible consequences has faded, now everyone is thinking what will happen next, and these guesses, will israel respond, if it does, what will happen from the other side of iran, is there anything else for it

to respond to, to further escalate this situation? these are big questions that you can see now. recently, there was a meeting of the government of israel, where they discussed what to do next, i still have no information about what whether this meeting ended or not, we hope that they will come up with something there. this is an important point, as you can imagine, in principle the situation with the israeli response, whether it will be or not. well , by and large, it really should be, because such a window of opportunity, it will open soon, and to, let's say, ensure our security from the side, well, reduce the danger, let's say so, from the side of iran, such an opportunity will not be available soon, as it is now , to strike at these factories, at nuclear

facilities, and so somehow a little bit, so that... iran has already ceased to be such an existential danger, and on the other hand, we can see that the pressure on israel has already begun, so that everything is fine, the guys joked, and from the side of america, a big sin, she also, as far as i understand, today, wants israel to hold back a little on this issue, and on the other hand, well, the government of israel, it is in such a difficult situation, because... the demand for an answer from israeli society is very high, and everyone expects that, well, it's good that we have such an air defense system, that we have such allies that did not, well, that... repelled all this, and if they had not repelled, then what would have happened? i i think so, you know, israel would make itself felt in some issues, like ukraine, because we

don't even have such a number of objects that, you know, something was knocked down here and there, but somehow we continue to exist there, with something there, here is a small a country with a small amount of such important infrastructural facilities, first of all, conception and such and such, that's me for me now. next to the international airport, well, it’s in the city of lot, although they call it televiv airport lengu, well, i think that the attack was going there too, and if something serious started there, here all the cities around would feel it very much, there is also a large enterprise of the aviation industry , the israeli military, and there would be so much commotion here, well, i understand that this is a request of the president of the united states that israel... not respond to iran, because joseph biden believes that the fact that it was possible to repulse the attack is already a victory, and there is no need now, uh, to go on the path of escalation, well

, the same thing is happening with ukraine, yes, there, let's somehow not escalate, don't escalate , uh, that is, these bad guys, they can do anything, well, for that, that's why they're bad guys, and we're good, we have to somehow, you know, peacefully, well, and biden. hopes to somehow prolong this situation until the elections and not to become the president during whose presidency the great war began, for some reason he does not want such glory for himself, and therefore in any way, and even before that, he will somehow maintain this situation, well, on the other hand, his voters, who have always voted for the democrats, are also muslims, this, uh, this left-wing public is progressive, in which there... in the head is very strange things are done, but today there was a video of how the national congress of the democratic party took place there, well , there was some kind of pre-election campaign, and there,

when they heard about iran's attack on israel, they started loudly chanting hands away from iran, do you understand what they have that's what's going on in their heads, so it's clear that biden is trying to somehow avoid quarreling with israel, and on the other hand, somehow. somehow, well, not to induce his clientele into any tantrums that will harm him in his pre-election plan. well, here it is, by the way a serious problem is that, in fact, all these processes are taking place precisely during the election campaign in the united states, and it is obvious that the administration is, let's say, limited in its reaction, so you can say, yes, it is limited, and it has always been so, do you remember when... obama was the president and biden was the vice president, they also started this process of appeasement of iran because of these agreements with iran, that let's somehow

throw something at him there, he will somehow slowly somehow develop its nuclear program, i.e no one demanded that he stop it completely, let's somehow slow it down in order to stretch the pleasure, and here inside israel there are certain... forces are there, well, you see what everyone is saying, but netanyahu will decide something, what to do next , don't worry - this is not putin and not even zelensky, he is very , very limited in his decisions, because now , during the war, decisions are not made by netanyahu alone, let's say there is a war cabinet, so-called, in which there are four people, this is the prime minister himself prime minister netanyahu, defense minister galland and hans. and azinko is it the former minister of defense and the chief of the general staff, who represented the former opposition, who joined the government at the beginning of the war, well, as part of such a broad consensus,

and these people, they are not hawks, although one could think that, well, the military, former high -ranking officials there, yes well, we traditionally have high-ranking military officials in israel, they can rather be called pigeonholes, because... there they don't let such hawks up there, they are more supporters of the concept that somehow it is necessary to be peaceful and somehow not to offend the arabs there, but to somehow try to come to an agreement with them, and those very people are unlikely to allow him to take such drastic steps, and therefore , even if he wants to somehow respond, it will be very difficult for him, because those people who would support and such a position, they are in the government, but they are... removed from decision-making during the war, these are representatives of some kind of right camp, vengvir, smotrychi and so on, well, netanyahu himself is removed, not by someone

else, by the way. well, yes, he wanted, well, he didn't want such radicals in this cabinet, and therefore, maybe for some of his goals, he is more, well, to those people with whom he is used to working, in principle, he has experience working with them, cooperation, he is more moderate, they were more moderate for him, and besides, he still wanted to unite society so that the part that strongly opposed him. and somehow share this responsibility for this war with them, but when it is necessary to act more harshly here, it is already difficult for him to do it, and therefore he said that we will answer, and whether he will answer or not, in what way we still let's see what happens with the operation in the gas sector, we can say that it is already like this in such a suspended form, well, it

was before that somehow... it was said that the majority of the troops had been withdrawn from the gas sector, and there but there are small forces left there that received this corridor, which divides the gas in half and it makes supplies to those troops that are there, and it keeps the father of the population that has moved to the south of the sector, so that it returns to the north, and with it hamas , actually those territories from which the sahal comes out, they are, as you know, like a vacuum is immediately filled with hamas, which moves under the guise of the civilian population and begins to demonstrate there again that it is the power here, and recently there were attempts to negotiate with some local clan leaders, and these clan leaders were brutally killed by hamas to

show who is the boss here and that... without him , nothing will happen here, that's why this is the situation here, and well, israel declares that here is rafiah, we will come at any time, as soon as a decision is made, we will quickly go in and release him, well, there really are distances here not very big, here this whole sector is gas, just look at the map, it is from north to south, well, it is like big odesa, let's say, from north to south it is about 50 km and a few kilometers to vshivsk. and here you can quickly go in, if there is no major resistance, as there was at the beginning of the operation, now israel is already able to carry out such operations as it did in the shifa hospital, for example, and in rafia, in principle, you can quickly jump in and to start an operation there, because there would be political will, let's say so, and what about hostages, what will happen to your countrymen who are still in

the hands of hamas? well, first of all, it is not known how many of those hostages are still alive there, you see that now there were attempts to reach at least some kind of agreement with hamas to release them, well, for israel , these conditions were very painful, but also under the pressure of the fathers' families hostages, well, in principle, israel is such that it tends to somehow release its citizens on such not very... with acceptable conditions for it, but when some numbers began to be heard, they did not even have a list of 40 hostages that they could exchange at the first stage, that is, it seems to me that they themselves do not know how many of those hostages there are, maybe because of those hostages that i put this sinouar on, the leader of hamas in gaza, in order to avoid he has an attack, he

has a certain number of them, everyone else who... live, where they are in the mess that is happening there, no one knows, that is, in fact, they may be under the protection of the civilian population, as cynical as it sounds, well so there were cases when hostages were captured not only militants of hamas or islamic jihad or other groups, there were a lot of them there, even just civilians, some families were captured there, they not only captured people. there is a video of how they collect parts of bodies there to sell them later, you see, this is such a business, oriental, peculiar, because here, well, in principle, in judaism and in islam itself, death is somehow treated very nervously and here, well, bodies are exchanged and sold for burial, that is, very well, it is such a commodity for some such people.