stop all economic activity in israel until benjamin nepinyagu, then it was against the background of the dismissal of the minister of defense, the minister of defense, we all demanded, we all demanded that he be returned, and it was so, but if it happens again and will demanding that there be an election now, then there, but in my opinion it is not, unfortunately, 40. 3 minutes ago in israel, the day of remembrance of those who died in wars began, the first such day since the seventh of october. i wanted to ask you in general to tell our viewers how this is defined in israel memorial day. because ukraine will also obviously have to create such a tradition during the hostilities, if they drag on for years to come and after the war, considering how many people have already died at the front. how many people

may still die in the following years of conflict, and how different is this day of remembrance from those days that took place in a relatively peaceful time, so it is clearly different, because 700 more families were simply added, and who buried their relatives and loved ones, relatives for the last year, and for israel, this is a very large number, and something similar happened only 20 years ago, when in one year almost 400 were destroyed by terrorists, killed by terrorists, but there were also civilians, military, here we are 700 and we are talking only about the military, because today for the military, as well as people who died at the hands of the thresholds, therefore... it is much more difficult, it is

also more difficult for me, even if i did not have enough time to go around those families , who i was familiar with, commanded was there a subcommittee, ah, their children, sons, today i don't even want to count how much time it takes, and therefore yes, it's difficult, you have to choose every time. when you go to whom and who do you support, and this is firstly, secondly, eh, here it must be said that the center of everything this day is the family itself, that is, tragedy, and tragedy, the personal tragedy of people, it is never some talk about, look how much we have done for the country. everything

for the country, yes, it does not matter what the price is here, no, on the contrary, this day tells us, doesn't remind us and focuses on what price we pay to be independent, and at the same time, after this day, after memorial day, independence day starts right away, and today this year, independence day is going to be very difficult , to celebrate independence day, as it was before. when so far 133 hostages are held by hamas and there is no final victory, it does not seem possible, we do not call it a celebration, we call it, we celebrate this day, but there will be no such entertaining events, well, people are like that...

so we are not in the mood to have fun like this, so this is how it should be, and that is the difference this year between what was before today, october 7, one how we feel, please tell me, mr. aria, and how do you generally evaluate this one, i b said the massive anti-semitic campaign that we are currently observing in the united states and in europe, by and large we can say that we unexpectedly moved to the 1930s. the 20th century, when people noticed one thing, but stubbornly refused to notice the other, and it was quite obvious that they were not doing it by accident, because it corresponds to their political views, this is the reluctance to notice some tragedies, the desire to notice others, this is the struggle of narratives that has existed for at least 50 years since the beginning of them in quotation marks from the opposition to liberation. the liberation of palestine, who immediately

chose the path of terrorism, war, and not peace, ah, that,... their reasons, but it does not matter, one way or another, they always chose the destructive path and continue to choose it, and and and in that sense, from this side of israel, we are losing information war, ah, we don't do a good enough job of explaining to the world what it looks like in reality. we make a lot of mistakes, and that's why we play into the hands of those people who base it and expand the narrative about the occupiers and so on, the communists, that's why there is no solution

to the conflict between the palestinians and not... about what is needed, whether to give or not to give and so on, first of all, we must say that we are ready to solve it, and the problem is that we, no one, no government was ready to solve it, all the times that it is somehow on its own, we will figure it out and we will, and the last 20 years, and for almost more than 25 years, the main ones, its vector of development and pattern was... conflict management, no one said that the conflict should be resolved, everyone agreed that the conflict can be managed, and this is for us, and this is good for us, because all our enemies will fight with each other, and for now we will make money on high technologies, supposedly stealing the world, but this

october 7 has completely proven that such and such a paterm does not work, it is ineffective, is another paterm prepared, i don't see it, we need to decide now as a society which one we decide, and this is... quite such a problematic and painful process, i understand that the idea of ​​conflict management was and is the main political idea of ​​prime minister netanyahu, he believed that he would be able to manage this conflict, not even between israel and the palestinian authority, but between the gaza strip and the west bank, between the fathi group, the hamas group, that israel will be the conductor here, and it turns out that someone else is holding the baton. indeed , the same relations were with syria as with us can we support jubasr there and not support the others, that we can accept them and the wounded and thus allegedly influence that someone there in the syrian society, who is almost not left after 11 million

citizens have become, simply left their side, and white and... so this pattern was not only his, but if it was also his, then others - the leaders and heads of the security itch also had this, they accepted this, they accepted this point of view, because it is not bad, in this way , if you are confident that you can manage. conflict, you can also make the army smaller, you can spend less on security, not much, but still less, in general, you can stop fighting, you can talk about the fact that we will have a small smart army and so on

and so forth, so only now it is clear that the army must be not only smart, but also large enough to be able to fight on several fronts, and by the way, is it possible... that the war is on other fronts, do you allow this? views, no, the united front, real, serious, which we have, then the northern, lebanese, no syrian, then for sure, there, if there are any intentions and an offensive, it is difficult to call it, they will try to carry out some terrorist operations there, but in hitbala, are we ready to meet, is the army ready? the army is ready to meet, but for that it needs now all its capabilities and all its resources, today almost the air force can concentrate on southern lebanon and they

are doing it at all and in general at low prices, but in the land attack, that’s all for now it is really not possible, and it is not a secret, to occupy rafah with questions. but when there will end, then we will surely see that all ground forces will move to the northern border and then, for sure, there will be trouble. sent an ultimatum that they have, i don't know, 48 hours or 52 hours for them to still comply with this un resolution, and in my opinion, they will comply, and the solution will be diplomatic, and that's how it looks so far , it looks like when it's going to be, well, probably somewhere in the beginning, maybe early august, why, i'm basing it on the fact that our... government officials have said that as of september 1st, they want, they are planning to start the school year in the north,

and everyone will already be living in their homes, so it is necessary to convince hezbollah by military means by land in the month that will remain after , if we speak for you, then today. in order to destroy the four battalions in rafah, it is at least a month and a half or two months, this is really the beginning of let's talk about the beginning of august, this time is not enough, that is, will we see military actions in the north in september, or will our government ee will get his plan, on at this stage, and considering the historical ones. opportunities and such personality and others,

a diplomatic solution with very aggressive rhetoric looks like the logical vector of development. thank you, mr. aria. aria zayden, lieutenant colonel of the reserve of the israel defense forces, a political scientist, was in touch with us. now let's return to ukrainian topics, let's talk with oleksiy haran, professor of political science at the kyiv-ghiran academy, scientific director of the democratic initiatives foundation. well, military sociology is always important to observe how the mood of society changes, how societies are changing, social trends, what do you now see as the most important thing in these changes? hmm, you understand, we are talking about changes, yes, but at the same time, some numbers are quite, quite stable, yes, well, for example, ukrainians' faith in victory, yes, or our sense of national unity, which

increased, that is, these numbers are stable, by the way, as for mobilization, the number of those who are ready to mobilize, it roughly corresponds to the number of those who were ready to mobilize before the start of the great war, well, i think, we'll talk about it, and the custom, by the way, has increased... people who are in favor of democracy, it's more than there was before the war, democracy against authoritarianism, but at the same time, i think if we are talking now about these changes that are happening, we definitely had a period of euphoria that was at the beginning of 2023, and we were hoping for a quick one. the liberation of the occupied territories, this did not happen on land, because at sea we had

a successful counteroffensive and this should be emphasized, and there was a gradual increase in confidence in the president and the institution for the president, which is still high, by the way, 58%, that's according to the march poll, the march poll, but it ... dropped and the peak, again , the peak was in march of '23, and there was a change among those who believes that the country is moving in the right direction, that is, if before the beginning of the invasion there were only 20% of them, and 60 believed that it was going in the wrong direction, then again march 20... in the third year it changed in a mirror, 60 said , which a-ah, which is moving in

the right direction, and then this number began to gradually-gradually decrease and the end march is approximately 40 to 40, well, there are 39-38, let's say 40 to 40, that is, 40% believe that it is in the right direction, 40% believe that it is not. in the right direction, but note that this figure is still twice as much as it was before the start of the war, so these trends are quite contradictory, by the way, among those ukrainians who... who believe in victory, the number here is quite stable, this, well, now it showed 83%, in principle, various polls during this time, they showed 80% plus, but among them now we record 26% of ukrainians who believe in pere out of those who believe

to victory, which will be considered a victory even ah... how to say it, probably even a freeze of the conflict, and when russia will have something left from the occupied territories, be it crimea, or donbas, or even other regions, that is, for this part ukrainians, it will still be a victory, that's why it's a change in public attitudes, you can say that it's a change, please, you can say that it's a change, well, yes. i think, yes, yes, that is, the numbers used to be smaller, in principle, it is not surprising that they started, that they started to grow, because, well , the dynamics changed, the dynamics changed, the dynamics on front, and obviously people began to understand that this war would be long, and again,

there was a transition from inflated expectations. to frustration, and that's why it affected those numbers. anyway, i think the numbers are enough, they're optimistic enough, well , look, let's even talk about mobilization, because i'm very, i think it's such a painful topic, yes, and here's our survey, it showed, we , by the way, was done jointly with the sociological service of the center of the intelligentsia, this is the end of march, and this survey showed that that... that the total number of those who are ready to go to the front is 19%, that is, those who are already in the defense service and those who are ready to leave. 19%, this is a lot, this is a big number, another 35% are ready to help the army, donate, volunteer, collect drones, donate blood and

so on, another 35 and... 29% they say, well, what is our house with region, that is, we would, in order to survive, and we will think first of all about ourselves, well , there are such people during any wars and in any countries, there is such a category of people, but i think that 19% is high interest, yes, before the war, it was 22.5%, that is , it fell somewhat, but not ... insignificantly, and then the question arises, if we have such a large number of people who are ready for mobilization or are already at the front, then why are there problems from mobilization, here i think, well, we do not avoid pressing issues, i think that this is connected

significantly for this are objective. reasons, i already said objective reasons, yes, that is, this is the continuation of the war, this is the understanding that it will drag on, this is the death of loved ones and suffering, this includes, let's say, that people did not begin to disbelieve in social justice with regard to mobilization, these are some scandals, scandals within the government, which reduce trust in it, but i would add to this... a communication strategy, i think that this communication strategy is she, she was late, she with miscalculations, that is, everything must be done when the level of trust is high, it has not yet begun to fall, and we are here,

we are wasting time here, that is, again, if... the mobilization process should have started, it should have started earlier, well, that's how i would explain it, well, it's the same, by the way, as this is the registration of ukrainians abroad, yes, well, i know that you have discussed this a lot in this studio, again, there is nothing wrong with the fact that a ukrainian who is on the consular registration, he must... he must become nae in this military cabinet or how personal it is or what it is called, but it is necessary to clarify how it is done, what consequences it has. well, this was not done, clarifications came later, well, again , clarifications that even people who do not do this, they still receive a consular

help, if there is some kind of force majeure, we also have to call things by their names, after all, the main idea was that people would start returning to ukraine, military obligations, and in this the idea was not to provide consular services, but when it became... it is obvious that this measure will not lead to what those who talked about it were hoping for, then such things have already started, i would say the explanation why this is being done, because we want people to become, the explanations happened quite quickly, there with me, within a week, a week of 10 days these clarifications arrived, and i think it was naive to hope that people would go immediately, go to mobilize in ukraine. due to the fact that they are not, will not be supplied with, or rather, will not be provided with consular services, that is, once again, communication,

this communication, it goes, it comes with problems, and this is one of, in my opinion, this one of the explanations, well, again, let's remember a bunch of cases, including, probably, in everyone's environment, yes, when we know, there are people who... and went to the income tax offices and said that we want that in we have a military specialty, there are military retirees who are young enough, because they retire earlier , they were ready, they were told, wait, it was back then, it was necessary to do it, that’s it, but they said, wait, during that time , some things happened, well, , which we talked about, the fall to the fall of confidence, which was objective, again, i... i think it's a catastrophic fall to the power, thank god, but it is, and certainly now it this is what makes recruiting more difficult, maybe it's

not a matter of a drop in trust, but people's awareness that the war will continue for six months, and not eight, but 10 years and no one will demobilize you, if you join the armed forces, people could have completely different expectations, they could think that they are ... going to fight for 3-6 - 9 months, now that even this law on mobilization did not regulate the main demobilization, and people have a certain mistrust about this, i don't know if it is reflected in sociology, then it could become a driving force, well, look, 19% - this is a figure at the end of march, so i think that at that time people already understood, understood that the war drags on, by the way, from this 19%. now i'm going to tell you how many i think, hey wait one second now i'm going to give you the exact exact

number ah yeah second yeah out of that 19% 9 say we'll join the defense forces if hostilities will come closer to the place of residence, and it will actually be too late, yes, we understand that preparation is needed, but even if we... we will take people according to the profession they have, the peaceful profession, and we'll just use it on the er front, but let's talk maybe i after all, i am not an expert, let's say in these matters, so maybe we will talk about something else about populism, well, i think that populism is also the driving force of attitudes towards such processes, or not? m... in people's minds, it's a search for simple answers to complex questions, that's how much ukrainians are inclined to this today, well, look, we asked

questions, let's say to feel it, we asked questions about who is more trusted, or to the people as a whole, or to ordinary citizens who have... to manage our ukraine, yes, our country, or representatives of the government, or professionals, and experts, who should be listened to more, the people who are always right in quotation marks, yes, after all , professionals and experts, well, you understand what the answer was here, that is, absolutely mainly says that he presented the representatives of the people, the people know everything, the number... we understand that the word elite is discredited in our country, the word politician is also discredited in our country due to both objective reasons and, well,

because of what is happening now. well, this is a process, i would say, of self-discrediting under the name of everything disappeared, by the way, i will now say a seditious, seditious opinion, maybe someday i will write a provocative post on this topic about the fact that now it is not the only marathon that worries me anymore, everything is clear with the only marathon, trust in it is falling, and people do not perceive it as the first source of information, and what do people perceive? the first source of information is according to our survey, it’s precisely telegram and youtube, and we understand how much information there is not verified, how many fakes there are, how many manipulations there are, and frankly, what is happening in our social media, now i is starting to remind me of the situation on the eve of the 2019 elections, that's how it

starts for me. i remind you, that is, a single marathon is not good, i do not defend it, i am for it, well , the principles on which it is built, i condemn it, and ukrainians show that trust in it is really constantly falling, but what is happening from another side, well, in my opinion, this really poses, poses a threat to the country, well, well, i might come back here, since we started talking about populism, that is... the people are wise, professionals, experts not wise, but what is interesting is when we ask the question of what, and how do you want, do you want an average citizen or a professional politician to represent you in politics, and here the dynamic changes, it was like that, and now it has become approximately equal, that is, when you ask people

abstractly, who is more right, so to speak, who is better? well, it is clear that the people, ordinary citizens and so on and so forth, when you ask more specifically, who should represent you, make decisions for you in the same parliament, people, people start to think, they scratch the back of their head and think, well, i'm sorry, i'm sorry that you're not a doctor. because what you are telling is to some extent a schizophrenic session, and not a political one, but look, you are saying that on the one hand people believe that everyone should rule by custom, that the people are much more intelligent than some professional politicians, people go to the polling stations, they elect not a professional politician as president, but an ordinary person from the people, they elect deputies, ordinary people from the people, who have nothing to do

with politics, have never been involved in it. were not even interested, these future deputies are gathered in some rest house in truskavets, just to explain to them what politics is and what laws are, these are ordinary people who voted for them, these are people who, relatively speaking, in truskavets they bring them there, like me, clean towels or food for breakfast, these are the same people who sit in the parliament, no different, nothing at all, the same people, simple, then the same... people who elected the same people as themselves, they are thinking, maybe we need some professional people to represent us, on the other hand, these same people are talking, and why should we go to fight when the children of deputies are not fighting, but these deputies - these are the same people as you, they just came from the same office as you left, you just voted for them, these are ordinary people who you put in the parliament, what claims,

and this is me. .. you see, and i don't know what to do about it, i don't...