will be, we will meet with you, thank you, mykhailo nepran, first vice -present of the chamber of commerce and industry, be with us, dear friends, thank you for being with us, lesya vakluk, andriy saichuk worked for you this week, and you stay with espresso, ether continues, and we thank you for almost 300 hryvnias, which we collected with you today, during this week with you, not today, today was much less. this is about politics, about the world, we are talking to the head of the committee on foreign affairs of the polish sejm and the head of the council for affairs of cooperation with ukraine pavel koval. greetings, greetings, i am maria gurska, journalist of the ukrainian tv channel espresso and editor-in-chief of the eu sister site. the key news from poland this week is the launch of the eastern shield state defense program. details of what it looked like. the largest operation to strengthen

nato's eastern flank since 1945 was presented on monday at the ministry of national defense of poland. let's try to analyze what are the key goals of launching the eastern shield and what poland is preparing for. this is primarily protection border this is important because belarus actually functions as part of russia. i have always said this, that is, all the time during the last few months i have said that there is no point in building illusions. belarus uses refugees as a specific weapon in a hybrid war with poland. it pushes people against each other, creates a sense of threat and potentially provokes various conflicts. it is, unfortunately. so it's direct border protection, full border protection now, but also in the future of an attack, because it's really about a potential attack. the project is being built on in case a conflict breaks out. today , the main thing is what they are waiting for. for us, citizens are

security, so on the one hand we care about ukraine, we give it all possible support when it comes to defense, but as for the border with belarus and russia, it needs to be strengthened and our forces concentrated so that people feel safe . the program is worth 10 billion zlotys with several defense lanes with a length of 700 km, reinforced concrete hedgehogs, mines... something much bigger, because it includes both electronic equipment and drone systems, etc. and all that is possible, the fact is that the borders must be protected in accordance with what the specific situation dictates to us. a year ago i was on vacation in finland to see how they protect the borders and saw how the finns successfully combine natural and technical barriers. because

sometimes there must be a physical barrier to using what nature itself gives. swamps are ideal in this regard, but in addition to them, electronic means are needed, the most modern and effective ones. everything together gives an effect, for us this is the key. this is very interesting, minister ministry of internal affairs of lithuania, after a meeting of representatives of the baltic countries, poland, finland and norway, announced the creation of the drone wall project. this means that the eastern shield. this polish line of defense correlates and fits into the european defense system that other countries are currently building. i think that all these elements will be elements of the protection of the eastern border of nato and the european union in the near future, we are talking about terms of 10-15 years. one way or another, but this line of defense of poland must be fully prepared. until the 28th year, that is, during

the next three years. but the very decision that this is happening, the very start of the project, is already a clear signal to our colleagues, let's say, in quotation marks in russia. they should hear that we are ready to produce weapons and defend ourselves. they use fear and we need to minimize fear, people need to feel safe. paradoxically, no attack is needed for this to happen. it will work preventively, because people will feel safe. please look at what is happening on the internet today, in connection with the operation in kharkiv, we have dealing with an unprecedented online attack on the west, on ukraine, when russian trolls are explaining to people that the west cannot cope. our answer is as follows: we are capable of producing weapons, we are capable of protecting the border, we can do it, we will not let our citizens be frightened, recently kharkiv has experienced terrible...

with a calm heart, without tears, look at the footage of the attack, or how children are looking for their parents , mothers of sons, and a little boy takes a dna test to find his father's body. in europe, they are discussing closing the sky over ukraine, currently over the western corridor 70-100 km long to unload the ukrainian.

i see that there is an awareness that what is happening in kharkiv can affect the fate of the entire war, that new measures, new methods of protecting ukraine and supporting ukraine need to be used. is it possible to close the sky today from a technical and political point of view? i don't know, but it also happens in this war that many of the answers we were looking for seemed impossible at first, but after two or three months turned out to be quite real. i treat this as a decision of the military, it is up to them to decide which solution. today it is real how it can be fulfilled, because it is necessary not only to declare it, but also to put it into practice. the minister of foreign affairs of poland, radoslaw sikorski , announced the introduction of restrictions on the movement of russian diplomats within the country.

sikorsky explains that the government has evidence of russia's involvement in sabotage inside poland. the new york times writes about a series of acts of sabotage across europe, emphasizing that together with a series of... arson attacks in poland, they make up the elements of a complex special operation game, the purpose of which is to intimidate european citizens in order to reduce support for ukraine. what is known about it? we continue to talk about the fact that the key russian operation this year is an attempt to capture or conquer kharkiv. this attack is covered by a huge information campaign built on fear. to achieve this goal, sabotage is used, the second fact: the russian embassy in poland is extremely toxic. i say this frankly, i have long believed that they do nothing good for diplomats, they simply inflate passions, and the minister's decision is obvious. i would not like to comment on it

more deeply, if such unprecedented decisions are made, then there are good reasons for them. i can't say anything more about this, it's not a topic i'm ready to comment on in detail. what are we waiting for the results of the investigation? of course, poland takes all such things, i.e. arson, found incendiary elements, extremely seriously. we live in a new world, a world where there is no sense of security like two, four or five. years ago today services perceive this is all very serious. each of these cases is subject to investigation, thorough research and verification of where they come from. personally, i am convinced that we have an exceptionally high intensity of propaganda and propaganda-subversive actions on the part of russia,

because russia would like to get such an advantage in order to conquer ukraine this year in the course of certain peaceful changes, but on russian terms. our interest is in achieving peace, but... how does this russian campaign of intimidation affect you communicate a lot, talk to people, on ordinary poles, does it have an effect, are people in poland really scared? i think you need to distinguish between two phenomena: fear and anxiety, fear is actually good because fear - that is, it is based more on a certain kind

of helplessness, and now let's deal with fear for a moment. what can be done with fear? fear can be turned into something positive, it means we will develop. civil defense in poland, let's be honest, hardly anyone thought about it in the last 30 years. fear is also the basis for informing the public about where where is the nearest shelter building shelters and preparing people for... yesterday i was conducting a class with students where there was a group discussion about whether children should be given pillowcases with the inscription what

to put in a backpack in case of evacuation, i was convinced that in a group of students the majority would say no because it would create some fear, and i said to them, you can feel fear, but let's use that fear and make something rational out of it, and we took a vote, i was sure that at most three or four people would say that want to give my child such a pillow with instructions, and most of them said: i want to give this to my child, and now we see that you can be worried, and you can interpret this feeling as fear and actually do something positive, we are at the beginning of serious thinking about safety , these are also the consequences of this war, i am a supporter of safety training and training people to respond to extreme situations, partly in the training process, if it were up to me, this would happen every year so that people respond correctly, for example, to explosions, their it's just necessary... to learn it several times so that it becomes their routine, so that they are not surprised, not afraid, but just

know: i have to do this, this and that. i'm sorry, of course, but i think how much this situation that you describe reminds me of the discussions that took place in ukraine right before the war, at the end of the 21st, the beginning of the 22nd , some people thought, why this media campaign, why to talk about it on tv at all, i led. these programs on espresso. we were sitting in the studio, and some experts said: there is no need to scare people, v people have enough problems. let them focus on something more pleasant than thinking about what to pack in the anxious suitcase. and how quickly we needed these suitcases. but i also think that when people are taught in a timely manner how to pack anxiety bags, it can take away the prospect of ever needing those bags at all. personally, i had such a well filled with everything. in my opinion , it is necessary to admit that times have changed, it is necessary

to learn to distinguish anxiety from fear, not to be afraid of fear, just use it, to win, because the russian will definitely play on it. polish military and their colleagues from the baltic states may appear in ukraine if russia breaks through the front. this information is reported by the german media. spiegel cites statements made during a security conference in estonia. according to the publication, if the russians manage to make a strategic breakthrough in the east of ukraine, the baltic states and poland will not wait for the russians to appear on their borders, and will send their armies to ukraine themselves. what can be said about this new dimension in the debate about introduction of troops of european countries into ukraine . maybe this is just currently unofficial information that no one has confirmed, and maybe it is not exactly the same in detail. this shows how the atmosphere has changed, because no matter what, it has already been officially announced that france

has sent its instructors to ukraine, so this information is not confirmed, but it indicates the context. it is quite possible that someone talked to someone like that, but it is certainly not a fact, no politician will say that it is a fact. poland does not plan to introduce troops into ukraine today the prime minister clearly denied this, but it does not change the way of thinking about and how we today his... strategic goals inside russia. on may 27 , this opinion was repeated by nato secretary jen

stoltenberg in bulgaria, but italian prime minister george maloney and german chancellor olaf scholz oppose it . why are the positions so different on this matter and what are the prospects for understanding? i have been telling german politicians for many months that this war cannot be waged without the ability to articulate strategic goals. to wage war without defense of the ukrainian sky, it is impossible to conduct it without combat aviation from the ukrainian side, that is obvious. you don't have to graduate from the naval academy or any other military training to... if we want to reduce the cost of this war, we have to help ukraine. aid to ukraine can be translated into specifics, that is, by providing good ammunition, but also by providing aircraft and providing missiles that can hit targets in russia. you know, i often tell german

politicians: ukraine did not occupy russia, it did not attack russia, russia occupied. in in the 23rd year, when the ukrainians were fighting and seizing pieces of territory, villages one, two, three, and what happened next, it turned out that someone forgot to provide ukraine with enough means for demining, i think these are obvious things, if the federal the chancellor is not ready for that today, okay. russia is threatening nuclear weapons in response to this debate, and you know, i will tell you a little bit about my own life about my conversations with my father, my dad is now in kyiv, he is the director of the ukrainian theater dzerkalo and an active public figure, we call on

on weekends we discuss the news and recently my father says: have you heard what our boys are saying? speaks on behalf of the americans, says: if russia strikes, it will receive such a blow that it will end. this story is such an illustration of modern polish-ukrainian relations. and, by the way, this is also about the fact that ukrainians recognize sikorsky as their own. like pavel koval, by the way, because hundreds of thousands of ukrainians watch this program of ours. oh, that's for sure. what can we add to this discussion, seriously, about russian nuclear blackmail. it didn't happen, there is nothing here new, we also have to learn to live with russia's nuclear threats, the only paradox of these threats to russia is that they can only threaten once, that is , they can only carry out their threats once, blackmail can only be done if they threaten, and therefore they will not do it , and will continue to threaten again and again. how quickly can a decision be made at the event? today it is clearly

understood that this was a mistake of the end of the 22nd year after the exit. i'm not from kherson, then they also started to scare again, they scare when afraid when they feel that the end is near, let's have no illusions. if there are these conversations, it means that their agents from different parts of western europe know that european politicians have begun to think seriously, because everyone thinks logically. i mean, there is no point in endlessly supplying ammunition to the front if the enemy has the ability to manufacture it. it is necessary to hit the places of production and it looks like russia is slowly beginning to understand that...

time must always be added to this calculation, and that is why in the case of taurus and other missiles with similar parameters , time must be calculated. i don't want you to think that i am talking about this so calmly that maybe the chancellor will make a decision in a few months, i am not calm. but what can a politician do? i

started talking about it at the end of last year, as did other polish politicians. prime minister tusk talks, talks. according to polls, they can get about 25% of the seats in the next european parliament.

growls louder, they are just showing a threat, this is part of the russian company we talked about, but it won't work, thank you

for this program, pavel koval, maria gurska, watch our programs in polish on pavel koval's youtube channel, in ukrainian on espresso every sunday at 3:30 p.m. and at 10 p.m., and also read our interviews in polish and ukrainian on sestrye, i i have a little cold today. thanks, what is bakhmut? bakhmut is a place of fear and a place of bravery. no matter what anyone says, bravery is not the absence of fear. bakhmut is an adventure that will stay with us until the end. children born in the era of independence, who are they? there are many of them, and they are strong and they are brave, they are the guardians of the traditions and martial

arts of their ancestors, they are boys who never cry. lemberk, mother, don't cry. a book by the writer olena cherninka. a mother's book about her son, the hero. who was one of the first to volunteer to defend ukraine and went missing in the vast expanses of donbas. in the latest edition of the magazine ukraine. the main threats to the unity of society. find out how to prevent the enemy from discording us in the special topic on demographic challenges. an exclusive conversation about everything with vitaly kapranov. corruption landfills, large-scale investigation. crimes against the environment and citizens, interesting stories and quality analytics with the country at the center of the main events, buy at press outlets. fm: galicia.

listen to yours. turn on well, that's when everything is as you want. click and now you control the game. and you're on a tv show. oh, what is needed. meg turn on hundreds of channels, thousands of movies and sports. there are discounts presented. unbreakable discounts on citramon pills darnytsia. 10% in travel pharmacies, you and savings. taking the wounded from the battlefield in time means saving his life. pick up bc, picked up the boys. quad bike is a way from

zero to our life. at this stage of the war, an atv is the best solution for evacuating the wounded. we encourage everyone to donate to the collection from zero to life for atvs for the 93rd brigade of the cold ravine in the direction of chasi glyad. hello, so what? how are you there, okay, slowly, they gave us new tanks, as many as nine of them, guess what, turn on the video link now, i 'll give you a tour, come, we 'll stay here for another two weeks, i'll give you a ride, and no only on tank, right here near the station in grozivka, i will say that you will be allowed to go to the student, well , yes, student, that's my callsign, right here near snenki in gruzivka. what are you going to the student , they will let you in, there are nine over there, there is a thunderstorm , there is a thunderstorm, this is here. student, student! today

you do not observe information security. iskanders will visit you tomorrow. the enemy hears, watch. ozar was born in lviv during the interwar period. in 1944. his family left soviet ukraine. the future patriarch grew up in the united states of america, where he received a religious education. at the time the ukrainian greek catholic church was banned in the soviet union. in 1977 , cardinal joseph the blind, secretly from the vatican , ordained three bishops for the ukrainian church, one of whom became a guzar. his ordination became known only after 19 years.

cardinal lubomyr guzzarpo to his homeland. returned already after the declaration of independence, in 2001 he was appointed head of the ukrainian greek catholic church, that summer for the first time in the history of ukraine pope ivan paul ii came to lviv, in whose visit huzar was also involved, and then his beatitude lubomyr advised president leonid kuchma to invite the pope to ukraine. then only the lord god knows, and a narrow circle of people, what obstacles there were until the last moment for pope ivan paul ii to come to ukraine, but his word was final: i am going, and he came to ukraine, one of the main tasks of lubomir huser on at the head of the church was its revival and spread in all regions of ukraine. it was under his leadership that the church

formally ceased to exist. galician or western ukrainian, and gained national significance. then the throne of the head of the church was moved to the capital and the construction of the patriarchal cathedral began. it was very difficult, but there were many difficulties, there were many obstacles, even on the part of the people of kyiv, who were persuaded to create obstacles, but he never persuaded others, there to shut their mouths, to disperse them, he went out to them to... then as i said, i thank you very much for making us very, very good advertising. after the death of pope ivan paul ii. in 2005, lubomir huzar was considered as one of the contenders for the papal throne. however, huzar refused this idea. in 2011 in 2010, bishop huzar publicly announced his resignation from the post of head of the church due to health problems. however, he continued his church and public activities. on the 20th

anniversary. referendum on the independence of ukraine, huzar initiated the creation of the initiative on december 1. the participants of the movement called for the development of the ukrainian state, two years later, in 2013, at the height of the euromaidan events, cardinal huzar, despite his poor health, often went to the center of the capital to thousands of people. when they beat the students and started shooting at people. for... yanukovych, i remember, people did not know how to react, whether they had the right to defend themselves or not, i remember that situation, and he came out with representatives of the initiative on december 1 and said that when the government treats people like this, people have full the moral right to defend themselves with arms in hand, it was a nation that from

the heart. protested, said, that's enough for us, we have to be ourselves, we have to be people, our task is to transmit our ideals, starting from the cradle. for decades he remains a moral leader for a whole generation of ukrainians. prominent ukrainians call respect for the archbishop a social phenomenon. he never showed off. with his universities, his knowledge, his titles, this already testified to his great humility, decency of humanity, because sometimes there were cases where the most blessed layman of bright memory said, well, you have three or four diplomas, this should be put into a frame and to hang a wall and so many things, when, when you do not have good contact with people, it is in vain, people are smart, there are...