ukraine strongly wants to use western missiles, and not some of its own developments and drones. it is necessary to understand that, firstly, our drones, they still have a very limited combat part. 10 kg of warhead is not enough to destroy even some target on the airfield. secondly, the airfields have always been and are now covered by the air defense system. that's why our drone. which have a rather low speed, they very quickly find them in the sky and destroy them with their a-a tunguskas, there with everything that they have available, and shells, that's all, and therefore for objects that are not covered by the air defense system are selected for strikes. now we are receiving ballistic missiles, let's say directly that the attacker is ballistic missiles, which are quite... difficult

to shoot down, the russians have very few of these means that can shoot down ballistic missiles, like ours, we only have patriots who can shoot down ballistic missiles , daggers are generally not capable of knocking down much, that is why the russians use them to strike at such important targets, and therefore it is very important for us that russia, which gave us these attacks, should attack russian territory, these atakams are very difficult for the russians to shoot down and conditionally... the percentage of defeat of atakams, which have 220-450 kg of warheads there, they are the most effective than our drones, so in order to strike some kind of blows deep into russia, drones are good, this if we scale production, and we are now scaling, but ballistic missiles, they are more effective. i thank you very much, mykhailo zhorokhov, a military expert, was on radio liberty, we talked about what would change. or it may already

be changing, after ukraine received permission to use western weapons. then in we have a report from donetsk region, the radio liberty film crew there spoke with the sniper group of the rubizh national guard brigade, among other things, the fighters told our colleagues about what is the main quality of a shooter, listen to them. misha, adopted, the rightmost shield, the middle lower one. sniper. what kind of person calm, because this profession requires you to be patient in order not to give up, when it is difficult, when everything stands still, when you have already lost the last hope that something will change, there were times when everything, as if i lowered my head, lowered my hands, lowered my eyes, and i have to get up, that's why... i also have to be

very strong-willed, i do what i know how to do, i try to be the best at what i do, the main thing is that the family really, that supports, you want to come to a reliable rear and come to a place where you will really be waited for, with hugs, with sincere words, this is what you really want when you are the person who is waiting for you at home, and you say, i love you, i love you i love you, you think to yourself, at least it won't be the last time to say these words, it's better to be one, it's all legal, what situation should lead to the fact that i lose my balance and inner peace, the call of a loved one, there are many moments that need to be preserved, these are moments related to driving. actions, there are some

arrivals, a tank is shooting at us, there are ages, it’s all unimportant, you have to stay in position, you have to continue serving as long as it is expedient in this position, a call from relatives, loved ones, a call from a loved one, i mean he , if this is a call that will bring with it some domestic problems at home, you always try to answer, so i always try to answer, why answer, she is on the other end. of our state, yes, she experiences the same, she also serves, she is responsible for my rear, for my children, for my peace of mind, i do not want my children to see this, the war, i do not want them to they knew what war was like, but unfortunately they feel it too, they feel what it's like to grow up without a father now, we have an incentive, why we fight, we with... protect our borders, we protect

our lands, how it has already happened, i don't know how many years it has been, ukraine is fighting for its own independence. 43% of ukrainians claim that the situation with democracy in ukraine has worsened during the 5 years of the presidency of volodymyr zelenskyi, this is evidenced by the results of a survey by the kyiv international institute of sociology conducted in may, i.e. 28% of respondents believe that the situation with democracy in ukraine has worsened due to efforts authorities curtail the rights and freedoms of citizens, 11% of respondents associate the deterioration of the situation with democracy from the lens'. circumstances of wartime , i.e. war. another 3% named both reasons, while 19% of ukrainians believe that that the situation with democracy has improved, and 29 respondents said that the situation has not changed, and sociologists also noted that the majority

of ukrainians, more than 90%, according to this survey, prefer a democratic system to a strong leader or leadership. ihor reiterovych, a political scientist, joins our broadcast. and candidate of political sciences, igor, good evening, congratulations, if the majority of those, well , let's start with the numbers, 43% of ukrainians believe that not all is well with democracy in the last 5 years, that's something to you says, it shows something, well, it shows first of all the actions of the government, well, look, there is a direct relationship, if 43% say that democracy has become worse in our country, and only there 11% say that.. . that we are talking about objective circumstances related to the war, we are talking about the fact that there are certain problems, and these problems did not arise in the 22nd year, they actually arose there in the 19th, in the 20th mu, in the 21st year, and they were associated with many different processes, starting from, for example,

the leveling of the role of the parliament and generally certain problems regarding the development of parliamentarism in ukraine, the curtailment, i don't know, of decentralization reforms, certain issues related to freedom. words, so as not to go too far, we can remember the last story literally with dungeons, yes, and many other such things, so objectively, ukrainians probably have certain fears that the current government, and specifically the president there, well, they are not finalizing it, but maybe at some points he is deliberately working there to curtail certain democratic processes, so this is actually a very alarming bell, and it is for authorities, well, if we didn't have a war now, of course, it would be necessary, but even during a war, to some extent, it's a signal that something is needed. to change, it is necessary to change approaches and still return to certain democratic traditions, because indeed more than 90% of ukrainians believe that ukraine should be an exclusively democratic state, and the vast majority prefers a sufficiently strong and powerful parliament, which should have a decisive

role, well in most of the processes that take place in the country. yes, yes, in this, in in this survey, the poll of the committee of the kyiv institute of sociology, just over 90% said that they prefer it. rather than strong leadership, and i mentioned the sample survey of august 2022, the same kmis did sociology, and then, if you remember, 50% of citizens said that they think that for ukraine now, well, that is, at that time , summer of 22, a strong leader is more important, while the democratic system was called important by only 27%, can we now say that these sentiments have changed? well, they've changed, really, look such a simple formula just worked here, in the holl films about superman there is such a well-known phrase that great power is great responsibility, i think that ukrainians simply saw very well what great power is, it is also great responsibility, but

the concentration of power and the appearance of a strong hand, that was positively perceived, for example, in 22, then it just started to work, because a strong government and a strong hand. it should still be based on certain democratic traditions, on certain, let's say, democratic institutions that exist in the country, if we observe the leveling or discrediting of these democratic institutions, then no matter how much power you have, it will not lead to a competent solution of the problems facing the country. here, by the way, we can make another interesting correlation, if we look at other results of surveys conducted by our various sociological companies, we can see... that from the 22nd year, well, from the beginning of the 23rd year , the level begins to decrease there is trust in the current head of state and there are certain changes in the attitude of citizens towards key people political institutions that operate in our country, so there is a direct relationship here, the concentration of power is not perceived by ukrainians as effectively as, for example, in the 22nd,

because we see that some things, which according to the logic of this concentration of power should have to decide, they really haven't decided, in some moments it will even get worse unfortunately. therefore , we traditionally return to the fact that there are strong democratic institutions, a system of checks and balances, and then it should solve the problems that exist in the country, if as of now, and this survey... the latest one, it shows that 43% of ukrainians believe that the situation with democracy has worsened over the past 5 years, if this number increases, at some point 50, 60, 70% will say that everything is bad with democracy, and when you say you have to react to it, what do you mean by reacting and how alarming will it be to increase this number, well, it will be very alarming, because then we will be able to talk about certain authoritarian, for example, tendencies that is in ukraine, but... it can be prevented in two ways: the first, unfortunately, it is not yet clear to us, well, for objective reasons, these are

elections, well, that is, elections are taking place , a new government is coming there, a certain reformatting of the government is taking place, and accordingly the level of expectations of citizens is rolling back, yes , that is, the citizens there pretend for a certain period some kind of credit of trust in order to see what will happen next with democracy, the development of democracy, and so on, this is the first option, but it is also the optimal one, because by and large this is how all democratic countries live because of the election procedure is... these problems are solved, but until it shines on us, well , due to objective circumstances, that is why the second option remains, the government, well, how should it react, it should contribute precisely to the restoration of the potential and competence of those democratic institutions, with what are the problems, well, for example, there is the parliament, the cabinet of ministers, institutions, well, with the institutions of civil society in our country , in fact, it has always been quite good compared to others, yes, that is, we should pay attention to it, if the government has taken it for itself. non-proprietary functions, well, specifically there, i don't know, the president or the cabinet of ministers there or some other persons who make certain

decisions, so it is necessary from these powers, which you took away in an illegal unnatural way, well, what was connected in including with the war, to give back again, that is , to give up what is not yours, for example, according to the constitution, who should give what now, igor, look, no, everything is very simple here, we have repeatedly, by the way, it is with you and in i will discuss on your broadcasts. well, we have a cabinet of ministers, but everything is fine understand that the cabinet of ministers does not make decisions at all now, this is absolutely abnormal for a country that is, i emphasize for a second, a parliamentary-presidential republic, a banal example, maybe the cabinet of ministers lived perfectly for many years before the war without an approved program of action, but maybe it is necessary to to return to this and in general for ministers to go regularly to the parliament and report on their activities, and not like that, you know what they say from the bank, that candidates for positions will come to the parliament tomorrow and you, respectively, for them vote it cannot be like that, that is , ministers, as before, must go to committees, communicate with deputies and

convince them that they are the best candidate for one or another position, here is a banal example, yes, that is, to return the powers, the real powers of the cabinet of ministers, it is not the case that councilors make decisions there, and then the ministers implement them, and that is what the ministers actually do, to return part of the powers that were essentially taken away from the verkhovna rada, well, the verkhovna rada somewhere itself refused certain things, because there - igor, do you yourself believe in what you are saying now? that it is possible to implement now, look, you ask me what needs to be done in order to change it, i say how it should be in practice, including in democratic countries, will it happen now, i very much doubt it , and that's why i still lean towards what i started with, that we have these changes and the stopping of this dissatisfaction there with the deterioration of the situation will most likely be stopped or stopped by the elections when they take place. but here, look, one small thing is needed for power make a warning if after the end,

one small warning should be made, if after the end of the war the authorities will try to approach these elections, well , leaving them, well, despite the fact that they are now and , on the contrary, tightening these and those nuts even more, and for that , in order to control the situation even more, it can lead to a social explosion later, after all , ukraine has already gone through this twice, i really hope that the current government will not repeat it, but... this is an extreme option, so most likely for we have an option just changes in the current political class, but this will happen only after the end of the war. igor, thank you very much, igorovich, a political scientist and candidate of political sciences, we talked about internal, domestic political affairs. thank you very much. that's all for today, i urge you to subscribe to radio liberty's website, like this broadcast, in this way you will support our work. and svoboda live will be back on the air tomorrow. in the latest edition

of the magazine ukraine. the main threats to the unity of society. learn how to defeat the enemy let us quarrel in a special topic about demographic challenges. an exclusive conversation about everything with vitaly kapranov. corruption in landfills. large-scale investigation of crimes against the environment and citizens. interesting stories and high-quality analytics with the country at the center of the main events, buy at press outlets, allergies are hard to overcome. trelev is trelev neo, protects against the most common allergens. turn on well, that's when everything is as you want. click and now you control the game. the bird and you are in a tv show. oh, what is needed. meg turn on hundreds of channels, thousands of movies and sports. is discounts, represent. unbreakable discounts on

estezef. 20% in pharmacies, plantain, vam and saver. vasyl zima's big broadcast. my name is vasyl zima, this is a big ether on the espresso tv channel. two hours of airtime, two hours of your time. my colleagues and i will talk about the most important things. two hours to learn about the war, about the military, the frontline component. sergey zurets. but how does the world live? yuri fizer is already in front of me and it's time to talk about what happened outside of ukraine. two hours to keep up with economic news, time to talk about money during the war oleksandr morchivka field with me, and sports news, i invite yevhen pastukhov to the conversation, two hours in the company of favorite presenters, about cultural news, alina chihchenina, our art viewer, ready as a narrator, good evening, presenters who have become many movridnidenko is already next to me, ready to talk about the weather for this weekend, as well as

the distinguished guests of the studio, mustafa dzhemilov, the leader of the crimean tatar people, is in touch with us, mr. mustafa, i congratulate you, have a good day. events of the day in two hours, big broadcast vasyl zyma, a project for smart and caring people, in the evening for espresso. taking the wounded from the battlefield in time means saving his life. bc pick-up, boys' pick-up, atv - this is the way from zero to our life. at this stage of the war, an atv is the best solution. for the evacuation of wounded soldiers. we encourage everyone to donate to the collection from zero to life for quad bikes for the 93rd kholodny yaryk brigade in the direction of chasiv. we are looking for two sisters, liana and nelya

kapalenko from kharkiv region. liani in march turned 14, and neli is now - on these photo cards, the girls are clearly younger, but i really hope that this will not hinder their search. information about the disappearance of the sisters came back in june 2022 from the border town of vovchansk, when it was occupied by the russians. almost two years have passed since then, but during this time there was no news about the kapalenko sisters. it is possible that nelya talyana was taken back to the territory not controlled by ukraine. even to russia, so it is very important to know even the smallest details of their disappearance, if suddenly someone has seen the girls or knows at least some information about them, immediately call us on the hotline of the magnolia child tracing service at the short number 1630. calls from all ukrainian mobile operators are free of charge, if suddenly it is not possible to call, write to the chatbot

of the child tracing service in telegram . sofiyka storozhuk, who also disappeared in the kharkiv region. the child was last seen in the city of kupyansk, which was under occupation until september 2022. information about the disappearance of the girl appeared when the soldiers of the armed forces liberated kharkiv oblast, but where sofiyka may be at the moment, it is not known. it is possible that the child is also in territories not controlled by ukraine. i hope that with your help we will be able to find the girl. let's take another look at the photo of 13-year-old sofia, she has blond hair, thin lips and an oval face. if suddenly someone has seen the child or knows where he may be now, call us immediately on the hotline of the magnolia children's search service at the short number 11630. and i would like to ask for a moment of your attention, this is 15-year-old ivan

bastryukov. the boy also disappeared in the city kupyansk, but still in... august 2022, about a month before the liberation of the city from the russians. ivan looks about 15 years old, he has an oval face, dark blond hair and brown eyes. if anyone suddenly saw the boy or knows where he might be now, call us immediately on the hotline of the magnolia children's search service at the short number 11630. calls from any ukrainian mobile operator are free. i will remind you, if suddenly there is no. communication or the ability to call, write to the chatbot of the children's search service in telegram. and now about territories controlled by ukraine and a more or less peaceful life. unfortunately, children also disappear here, and as the experience of the children's search service shows, the vast majority of them are teenagers, who often just run away. we talked about this

topic with a psychologist and collected a lot of tips for parents that can definitely prevent a child from suddenly running away from home. tell the child who he can turn to in case of need. of course, ideally, it can be you, it is to you that she should turn. when you feel the need to but sometimes you may not be available, you may be at work, busy with other things, and what to do then, agree on this in advance, think with the child to whom he can also turn, maybe it will be someone else, an adult from the family , maybe it will be one of the teachers, or a school psychologist. in addition, coordinate with the child an anti-crisis plan, how to do it when he gets into a situation that may carry a threat, and if it is... on the street, where to run, how to call for help, how to take a taxi and get home, and the child must have money for this taxi, that is , work out the emergency plan to the smallest

detail, and the more detailed it is, the better the chance that it will work, and the greater the chance that you will save the child from some great danger. we have created a resource through which you can report any crime against a child. anywhere, anytime, just go to the site and report, and we will launch all possible mechanisms to punish the criminal. stopcrime ua. congratulations, the voice of america in ukrainian and our program chas time are on the air. my name is ostap yarish ukraine cannot wait for the end of the war to develop its economy, so

the united states is investing in the development of the ukrainian economy now. this was stated by white house national security adviser jake sullivan. how is the united states ready to help ukraine strengthen its economy and does it have a plan to stop russia's war machine. we will talk about this with our correspondent oksana bedratenko, who asked about the process. in particular, we give free will to the deputy ministers of finance of the united states. oksana, i welcome you, thank you for joining the conversation. congratulations, stape. oksana, recently we hear a lot from the united states, from government officials about the importance of rebuilding the economy in ukraine's confrontation with russia. what does it have to do with what american government officials say? yes, hostape, according to us estimates, putin is putting the entire russian economy on a war footing and has even appointed an economist as the minister of defense. what does this mean in practice? this means that the military-industrial... complex of russia does not operate separately, and the rest of the economy leads a normal life, all economic resources go to that in order to support the war machine in particular,

putin is, so to speak, burning the living room furniture in the furnace of war, as yale professor geoffrey sonnenfeld told me earlier. i spoke with the deputy secretary of the treasury of the united states voli adiemu, he is responsible for the regime of sanctions of the united states, and he was just in ukraine, he was impressed by the courage in ukraine. ukrainians, their ability and dedication to protect the homeland, he said that the us will continue to support ukraine financially and militarily, but noted that the allies have a new challenge, how to prevent strengthening the russian military machine, in particular with regard to the development of the partnership between china and russia in the military sphere. oksana, are european partners ready to act and help ukraine develop its economy now? and yes, we give. addressed german companies, he called on them to act as a united front in order to prevent the strengthening of the military partnership between china and russia, and he said that if

this partnership is strengthened, if the kremlin's war machine is strengthened, then it will be a threat not only for ukraine, but also for nato, and said that in principle the europeans are ready to act, about this and about other topics, including sanctions... we spoke with him in an interview yesterday, you just returned from a trip to ukraine, which did you hear the main messages from the ukrainians? i heard from ukrainians gratitude for the support provided by the united states, and i heard a commitment to continue fighting for their freedom, the democratic values ​​that we all share. it was a good opportunity for me to see my partners, as well as to see and talk with ordinary ukrainians. tell them that the united states is supporting them financially, we will continue to provide them with the weapons they need to defend themselves, and we will do everything we can to make sure they win this war. in your recent

article. in your article, you said that russia is putting the entire economy on a war footing, what does this mean for ukraine and its allies? yes, in today's article in the financial times, and in a speech in germany, i talked about the fact that vladimir putin decided to invest in weapons, not in food, to invest in building up the military, not in russians, and although this over time will devastate the russian people, now it means that they will be able to produce weapons if we do not use them. and it must be done. russia must not be allowed to receive goods for this war. that means using our sanctions and export restrictions to go after the companies and individuals who provide the russian military-industrial complex with goods to make missiles, tanks and other weapons, while giving ukraine the weapons it needs to defend itself. last week in europe you talked about china's role in supporting russia. what do you think european countries are ready to put china

before the elections? or cooperate with their economies or supply dual- purpose goods to russia? we know for sure that russia is able to produce weapons on the scale they need for the war they have waged in ukraine only because they get components from china. ultimately, china must stop supplying this list of goods to russia, and there is no question of cutting off trade between russia and china. we say that china should not provide russia with drone engines or microelectronics used in their missiles and other goods. which are critical to the russian war machine, i have been talking to european allies and partners about how to do this, one of the most important is to ensure that the united states, europe and all of ukraine's allies send the same signal to china that it is not acceptable to help russian military vehicles, and that companies and individuals in china who sell these goods to russia must choose to either do business with our union, which represents 50% of the world's economy, or they

can continue to do business with. the russian military complex, you cannot do both, and i am convinced that allies, including the europeans, must be ready to take action if our words do not persuade china to change its behavior. how did european countries react, did they accept your position? after ukraine, i went to germany and spoke before the german business community to explain that the approach where we clearly and forcefully tell china that we must stop these goods to russia is not only in line with our security interests, but also our economic interests, because the last thing we want to see is a renewed russian army that threatens not only ukraine, but also nato and our entire national security. i think that european allies and partners are ready to do everything possible to prevent russia from having access to these goods. i expect that in the coming weeks and months we will take joint steps to provide ukraine with both the weapons it needs and

the money it needs to continue to... defend itself, but also ensure that russia has less access to the goods it needs them for the war in ukraine. the us and its allies have imposed many sanctions and export restrictions against russia. what will be the next steps, in which areas can the west and its allies really affect russia's ability to wage war in ukraine? as i mentioned, russia made a number of decisions during this war. they chose to invest in the military instead of investing in the people, and that means that russia is a... it's a war economy, and we have to treat it like that, and as an alliance, instead of thinking about the military-industrial complex russia, as a separate part of the economy, we must think of their economy in general as a war economy. if that is the case, then we should consider expanding sanctions and export restrictions to block all avenues russia uses to produce weapons, including ensuring that not only companies and individuals in china do not provide goods to russia,

but that companies in our... countries in the west do not unwittingly provide goods that end up in russian military equipment. we often see that russian intelligence buys american and european goods to third countries, and these goods end up in russia and are used in the military-industrial complex. we call on our companies, who have already done so much, to do more to prevent this. our ultimate goal is to do everything in our power to make sure that the russian war machine does not have access to the goods it needs. to produce the weapons it wants, but regarding the frozen state russian assets, 300 billion, which are frozen in the west by the allies, the will addamo told me that the first announcements should be expected already on june 13, when the summit of the leaders of the group of seven will take place in italy, we will look forward to this.