simply does not exist, western leaders do not pay attention to this, they think that they can still talk, but even in such a situation, conducting a dialogue is better than not than conducting a war, well, from the point of view of a tactical delay of some kind, it is possible and justified , but strategically it does not solve the problem, but mr. volodymyr, lately we have been witnessing really fundamental decisions, some of them would have been hard to believe just a few months ago, well, first of all, the decision should still be given to ukraine 50 billion in profits from russian assets confiscated, which remain frozen, this is a very important point, which can be agreed from the last one, it is actually good for us to strike on russian sovereign territory, and azov , in the end, was allowed to use american weapons, and this is also a revolution in the minds of the western world. recently, i see

more and more signals that it seems that not only the russian federation and putin are ready to escalate with a known goal, but also the same collective event already understands that this is exactly what dialogues are, soft power, soft coercion , it's already doesn't work either, and surely we should also be tougher in our decisions and rhetoric, don't we, i completely agree with you, it's these... actions that you listed are very positive, and they happened just the other day, for weeks, during the last, last weeks, let's say this, and this is a very serious shift in the strategic thinking of our western partners, this is all very good, the only bad thing is that this is happening in the second or third year of the war, and time is being lost, and time is a resource that, this resource, which is not renewed, on it is a great pity, and this is... the evolution

of the strategic thinking of our western partners, it lags behind the russian actions on the battlefield, unfortunately. i think that in order to consolidate this positive course, this positive transformation, western thinkers, politicians, and strategists must have an awareness that it is impossible to come to an agreement with putin, he must be defeated, and if we do not go to... new munich conference and not to sit putin at the negotiating table, then it is necessary to organize the process in such a way, first of all, military actions and military and security support of ukraine in such a way that the next conference will not be analogues of the munich conference, but the historical tehran, yalton and postdam conferences, where these will be international conferences dedicated to the topic of how to organize the space of northern eurasia after... . putin's defeat in

this war. by the way, in the context of what khrystyna said, and in the context of what you say, mr. volodymyr, about the increase of these rates, about the fact that the west, relatively speaking, is gradually maturing to the point that it is necessary to contain russia as much as possible, but here is one of the latest news, nato is negotiating the deployment of more nuclear weapons against the background of the growing threat from the outside. russia and china, in particular, are currently holding consultations regarding the withdrawal of missiles from storage and the transfer of these same missiles to a state of combat readiness. this was stated by nato secretary general jen stoltenberg in an interview with the telegraph. let's see the quote now. what he said: i quote: i will not go into operational details, regarding of how many nuclear warheads should be in the... combat stockpile, how many in storage,

but we have to consult on those issues, and that's what we're doing, so it's reaffirming that it's not just russia that's raising the stakes during a major war that it started in the 22nd year, and the west is raising these stakes, and in fact for russia it is to some extent such a survival, and for the west it is a survival, that is, we... see a situation when, as they say, who and it can last quite a long time actually. in your opinion, this is the position, who whom, how much she can continue, can this increase in rates be for another six months, or can it be, conditionally speaking, extended for several years, for a year, two, three, five. well, one cannot but welcome the words of the secretary general. he is absolutely

right about this, but he is also in fact, it is not his initiative, it is the united states reviewing the capabilities of its nuclear potential, and the military is thinking about it, and working on it, and it is all very right, very good, only bad that these decisions and actions have been delayed for two years is the reason why the world is now like this in front of a very long confrontation, which already resembles a cold war, and may turn into a hot, third world war, unfortunately, this strategic reassessment and reassessment... of the thinking, first of all, of the leaders of the united states, it has been going on for a very long time and is now entering the phase of the election campaign and it is not yet known how this process will end and end, because the internal political struggle will hold back

these political, strategic decisions, it will simply divert attention as a political resource from this, so as much as it can continue, may continue. for a very long time, i think that it will not end quickly, we and russia, if we consider ourselves, are in the phase of a war of attrition, but china is behind russia, and if we can win this war of attrition only at the expense of western resources, weapons, money and technologies, then russia may also find itself in such a situation that it will turn to china for help, and this... then it will last a very long time, well, maybe even indefinitely there, i don’t know, well, in our lifetime, yes such a new long cold war between with the two blocs that will form around the united states and china, the european union and ukraine next to it somewhere in

the american camp, and the russian federation , respectively, in the chinese camp, and india may try to try to restore its influence through the so-called movement. accession or the third world or, as the global south is now saying, to take some kind of neutral position, it can really last a long time, it is important for us to endure, to persevere in this war, because the active phase cannot last long anyway, the cold war can last a long time, active phase of the war no, and it is important for us to endure it, and it is important to use this time to enter the western, first of all, european schools. economic and security structures of the european union and nato, this is the task that is now a matter of life and death for us. with regard to the nuclear issue, it is generally believed that at a certain moment, in a certain episode of the russian-ukrainian war, it was china that acted as the factor that calmed putin

from thoughts about the use, perhaps, of nuclear weapons on the battlefield or in some other way, like now? china will build its dialogue directly or indirectly with the western world after what stolternberg remarked, and mr. volodymyr, there are more questions, in particular from our viewers, on the page of andrii smoliya, this question is actually being demonstrated now, oleksandr lytvynenko, head of the national security and defense council of ukraine in an interview with the the times didn't rule out that putin might resort to using nuclear weapons, but that's a guess. so at the moment when he will understand that he has lost everything, if hitler is a bullet in the head, then for putin it will be the use of nuclear weapons, and the world selection from russia we don't need him, why do we need him? i thought about another option, it should be a nuclear bullet to putin's head in a bunker, but the thing

is, i don't think that was a very good statement by our current secretary of the national security and defense council, even if... if he is thinks, in principle , it was not possible to say this publicly to the western audience, because this is what scares our western partners, they are afraid of nuclear escalation, accordingly, they will put more pressure on us with the aim of forcing us to make concessions, even before the end of the conflict on russian conditions, from a tactical point of view, this is not very correct, as far as china and its participation in nuclear policy are concerned, indeed... they counted on the fact that china could influence russia and deter it from using nuclear weapons, at least tactically, well, why, because well, china positions itself as a responsible state on the world stage, and all their statements about nuclear weapons were previously so peaceful, why?

because china has the third nuclear potential in the world after the united states and the russian federation of the current former soviet of the union and this potential is many times smaller than the american or russian, so china does not see itself as a leader in the nuclear club and , accordingly, is against the leader... using their own arsenals, but the latest trend is such that the decision is internal, which china accepted, approved for itself to increase the number of nuclear warheads somewhere around a thousand, by 2030, they need this, again, to reach the level of the united states, well, a commensurate level of russia and even then, so to speak so to speak, from the position of equal strength with its three partners and competitors. at the same time on the nuclear club, so

it is not worth relying on the fact that china will deter russia from a nuclear attack for a long time, but for now in the coming years it can and should be used. mr. volodymyr, thank you for your thoughts and your analysis. volodymyr horbach, political analyst of the institute of euro-atlantic cooperation, expert on foreign affairs. and domestic politics, well, we will move on, but first we will remind that we have a poll going on, and so do we interested in your opinion, your belief in how effective the global peace summit this weekend in switzerland will be in practice, and of course you can vote, i emphasize again that this poll is purely telephone and if you agree that this summit can lead to real peace, then call: please 0800 211 381, if you think not, it

is not worth hoping for, then 0800, 211 382. under youtube broadcast on espresso, we welcome your comments, reflections, maybe even questions that we will try to answer already in the second part of today's new week program, and now about the situation at the front. we already have a new speaker, oleksiy hetman, a reserve major of the national guard of ukraine, a veteran of the russian-ukrainian war, who is already in direct contact with the espresso studio. mr. oleksiy, good evening, glory to ukraine. glory to the heroes, good evening. mr. oleksiy, i would like to talk with you first, probably about the missile terror, which, unfortunately, has intensified in the last few weeks. we saw regular night strikes on staroko... yantynov and on vasylkov, kyiv region. today , a strike was made on poltava oblast. we can see

that the russians are likely hunting for future f-16 bases. we see that the russians continue to attack ukrainian energy and infrastructure facilities. if we are talking about these massive hits or point hits, how many of them? expect intensification in the coming days or weeks, in particular in the context of the same energy industry. well, the russians have set themselves a certain goal, to destroy our energy industry as much as possible for so that we don't have much time left until winter in winter, although we only have to prepare at the beginning of summer, as they say, sleds should be prepared in summer, well, some energy-generating facilities we... as experts say, are not able to quickly repair or restore at all, there

is sometimes a conversation about the need to build the newest ones, that is, they focused on energy-generating, not on energy-distributing objects, this is more dangerous, it can lead to the fact that in winter, in addition to the fall, in addition to power outages, there may be and turning off the heat, it the region is dangerous, well... if there is no warm water in the pipes for at least a few hours during the frost, but it is cold, it will freeze, the pipe will break, we know how it sometimes happens and what it leads to, so they are trying to achieve their goal achieve, destroying our energy, regarding our airports, where we are, well , not necessarily in the 16th, where we generally keep our planes, all these cities that you named, well , it's not a big one, it's not a secret at all, what is there... airfields, military airfields, and they are trying

to destroy in this way, if not the landing strip, it is there it is possible to repair the infrastructure of these airports quite quickly, namely the infrastructure of these airports, communication systems, repair bases, bases where you can hide, well , they don't just stand there, well, often they don't just stand there, so their logic is quite understandable. this is on the eve of receiving nami, well, we hope that it will still happen in 16, the destruction of places where they can be located, and in terms of energy, this is nothing new. continue to gradually, methodically do this work, destroying these objects, so should we expect an increase, well here it is possible, there is no need for an increase here, if our energy infrastructure continues to be destroyed in this mode, then we will have very big problems, starting from october. and this is a clarifying question, whether the russians can return to strikes on

the power distribution stations themselves. because that was their tactic in 2022-23 in that hard winter, now we see, you already mentioned it, a little different tactic, but a lot of people are asking and thinking about it, can this very tactic become a two-fold, and the first, and the second? no, well, distribution stations will destroy after destroying those who can destroy generate. well, that 's obvious, that is, first things that give us heat are attacked, and we understand that they will not be able to destroy everything, but we will redistribute, we will turn off and on the electricity there, so i i think we will do the same with heat in order to provide

ukraine with heat and electricity, so the next step will be to try to hit distribution stations to prevent us from doing this. this is a complicated procedure for us it is planned, because redistributing electricity and heat, well, it is extremely difficult, you have to look for ways to do it, well, everyone can think about it and understand how difficult it is to do, when not everything works, you have to switch from one to another , there is a lot to take into account, if you hit somewhere more distributive, then you can spoil the logistics of, let's say, distribution. the energy that is still generated in us, or that we can get from, in the last case from europe, well, it is clear that they have plans, will they succeed or not no, well, it depends on how well these objects are protected, how well they are protected, depends on how much we have to protect, which is anti-aircraft missile systems and

aircraft, because in all nato countries, in the united states in the states, you are for... including, not only in the country, that at least 70% of air targets must be destroyed by aircraft, as it is written in their combat statutes, remember the attack on israel, how many more than a hundred aircraft were raised, which are more than half of the air targets , which flew to israel, were shot down, exclusively anti-aircraft missile systems, no matter how many of them we have without air support, we will not be able to intercept everything that the russians attack us with, that is why planes. we need not only as a means of long-range strikes there and that, but also to listen to everything that is being said, how we are going to use it, we are going to use it first and foremost as a countermeasure, then we will see, look, mr. oleksiy, we are supposedly already on the threshold of transfer for us, at least the appearance in ukraine of those long-awaited ones we have been waiting for since last year is on the threshold we are standing, there is a very long threshold, a very

long threshold or a high one, and neither we nor our partners can cross it in any way, i agree. somewhere, nevertheless, i would like to understand, that is the number that we can now, let's be optimistic, count on, how effectively it can carry out our air defense, and whether , after we get these planes, it will be appropriate to return to the question of the closed sky over ukraine, what i mean, it is no secret for anyone that fogh rasmonsen with several months ago, or last year, i can't remember exactly when, but... theoretically i thought about the story when nato actually closes the territory controlled by ukraine, well , so that russia could not destroy our infrastructure, or our generation, or so further, things, at least over the west of ukraine, do you remember these and these discussions, yes about the west of ukraine, just like that, if we have these planes, it means that we will not even theoretically be able to return to this

conversation with our partners, well, if they don't, if they do, you somehow... somehow i don't understood the question, if we will have them or how, if theirs will not be, because we are on the threshold from the end, well, from the end of last year, of destroying enemy targets, which are illegal targets, illegal air targets on our territory, they illegally violated our airspace, and we have the right to appeal to anyone in the world to protect our skies and destroy valuable legitimate targets, maybe we do not propose to attack, as he says... biden, the kremlin or moscow, we do not propose to attack some objects even militarily on the territory of the russian federation, if this is some kind of red line for our partners, or if they are afraid of displeasing putin, i do not understand this logic, we ask you to close ours. the sky, they closed the sky over israel, and this is not a violation of any international rules, laws, it is our right to ask our partners, the sky is closed to us, to use not

only their anti-aircraft missile systems, not only f-16, f-35, whatever -what planes that our partners have and with their pilots, this does not mean that they enter the war, they protect our, our our sky from targets that are illegally crossed our borders, from trespassers, they and we even... emphasized the fact, emphasized the topic, that we will not have claims, if god's harrows some destroyed missile, fragments fall, an enemy missile, and something damages us, some object object and there will cause some material damage, we will not have any claims, that is, you know, it is some kind of thundering democracy, as they used to say in the soviet union, it is difficult to understand, israel was attacked, israel is a small territory. kyiv region raised more than 100 planes, these are not israeli planes, they were american planes, they were french planes, they were british planes, and they were american, french, british pilots,

and those, and they, fulfilling their agreements with israel, they destroyed not even on the territory of israel , on the territory of other countries, the missiles that flew over israel, we ask to destroy over our territory illegal, illegally violating targets that illegally violated our airspace, what is the problem, why would russia not like it, well, if you want to please russia, well then you know, well then it is clear that in general, to be honest, and, to be honest, logic, we will not shoot down russian missiles even over ukraine, which is very strange, because actually a missile is not even an airplane, and there is no the pilot, about straight lines, well, let's put it this way, what kind of days in the air, about some aerial battles, there is no question here. therefore, it is very strange that the west used this thesis for a long time as an excuse for itself, well, it is impossible to justify it, it is the fear that it may

lead to the fact that russia is something there, well, it may lead to the fact that russia will not like it, well, once again, if you help our country to conduct hostilities with russia, help significantly with finances and equipment, but you are afraid that russia will not like it, well , give us flowers then, well, we will doves of peace, i don't know, well... yes, uh, i don't have, not that, not that which is logical, but i would like to stand on the side of a person who can find a reasonable explanation that such a situation, something, i can't find words why you can't shoot down missiles, especially those missiles, if only, somehow they said, over western ukraine, you don't have to say western ukraine, we don't have western, eastern, all of ukraine, there is west, east, south, north, which can, they fly in your direction, where do you know, it will turn around. or will fly to warsaw, why here, what is the problem here, the more so we, we ask, we give permission, you do not want, you are afraid of not liking the russian federation, well, while

the civilized world will be afraid of not liking the russian federation, then we can wait a long time bad consequences, this is very bad, i wanted to talk to you also about the operational situation now on the fronts, we see that somewhere the russians are advancing, somewhere we are holding them back, somewhere the last days of strength... the defenses are still trying to push back the russians, but in particular the situation in the pokrov direction remains tense and in fact in the avdiiv direction or in the direction west of avdiyivka, we also have these words of mr. sirskyi, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of ukraine, he said that the enemy is increasing or continues to increase the intensity of hostilities, is working on expanding their geography. actually, why, because he fears the appearance of more western weapons, which are gradually beginning to arrive in ukraine. this is actually

a quote. the enemy understands very well that as a result of the gradual arrival of a significant amount of weapons and military equipment from our partners, the arrival of the first f-16s that strengthen our air defense, time will play in our favor, and his chances of success will ... decrease, actually , i would also like to talk with you, mr. oleksiy, about how threatening you currently see the situation at the front, where maybe it could be the next one, or a russian breakthrough, or vice versa, where we might be able to push them back in which areas, well, you see, even mr. syrskyi said that the f-16s should be strengthened for air defense, what are we talking about... what are we just talking about they talked with you that this is primarily a means of air defense, this is an aircraft, where they, well, they increase the number of live equipment , they are not so good, they have a negative balance

in terms of... heavy equipment, but with people, here , well, for example, the numbers for the month of may, when we, well, i can say that we were happy, or proud, we stated that we destroyed 39,000 russian military personnel, this is a large number, this is a serious loss, even for the russian army, but they are replenishing their troops, thanks to the mobilization of contract workers and even conscripts, which they also begin to use here and there on battlefield, made for this month 41 00, i.e. we destroyed 39, as a result plus 200 more russians on the battlefield became more, and so did the number, no matter how much we destroyed so far, the number of russians and servicemen on the battlefield does not decrease, but increases here we are again, we destroyed 39, as a result plus 2 of them and so on, where are they, they are trying, they plan to increase it even more, significantly

increase it by the month of august. already relatively prepared fighters, their own army, where they can break through, and anywhere, where, where they can concentrate a large amount of manpower and equipment, especially during the time until we received the necessary amount of weapons from our partners, consider that they will be able to make a breakthrough, well, i don't think it's worth it, after all, we will be able to hold the defense clearly along the line, because except for the defense. positional, the combat statutes prescribe both maneuverable and mobile defense, i.e. you can defend yourself in different ways, this does not mean that on some line there, neither in the first world, nor in a step back, so it does not work, we conduct an active defense, i.e. if the front line does not exist as a whole in many places, you can call it a front line or a very thick front line, i.e. it is a city where there are constant changes of firing positions, forward,

backward, left, right. ugh, it's active defense, we are counterattacking, we are recapturing the positions from which the enemy has advanced us, this is possible, this is, i repeat, this is a tactical, oh, active defense, but when we recaptured some positions, well, let's somehow report the news, i'm not you i mean, all of us, to submit realistically, it is a repulsed position, it is not, it is a counteroffensive action, what, what is called an asset. defense, i.e. not just standing dug in a trench, but constantly counterattacking whenever there is an opportunity, this is not a counterattack, it is not something that the beginning of an attack, but now we will advance even further, where will we advance, how much will we advance, 10 km, what further, the unit has advanced 10 km, who will bring him food, who will bring him fuel, who will bring him shells, who will bring him ammunition, no one will go there, no one will take any offensive actions,

but there will be no enemy in this position either. at least he won't feel so comfortable, once again there is mobile, let's go, there is maneuverable defense, maneuverable defense, maneuverable defense - this is written in the combat charter, the military does not invent something, they, they are not, they are not sailors, they are smart people, they have learned this for many years, when the enemy's forces are significantly superior, then we understand that we cannot hold our position, we make a decision, the commander makes a decision to use tactics called: maneuver defense, i.e. withdrawing, having fewer numbers, withdrawing, tempting the enemy, not holding the front line, withdrawing to the left, right, entering the rear and so on and so forth, this is a maneuverable defense, there is a mobile defense, this is also written in my statute, when we allow the enemy does not exist to advance in order to then take counteroffensive actions, and there is finally a positional defense, when we are sitting in the trenches, the commander must use those tactics in the conduct of the battle, which are prescribed in the battle statutes, which are most appropriate at that time and in that city and with the powerful means

that he has, here once again, thank you, yes, mr. oleksiy, don't fantasize, we have blacked out, we thank you very much, blacked out, thank you for your analysis, oleksiy hetman, reserve major of the national guard of ukraine, veteran of the russian- the ukrainian war, well, colleagues with bb. in switzerland, ukraine calls it historic and is already preparing for the next one in months. in the kremlin, they talk about failure, but... at the same time, they do not reject the idea of ​​dialogue, so has peace become closer? analyzed in today's edition of the bbc: i am olga palamaryuk. the largest and most powerful international meeting since the beginning of the war, that's how the west talks about the peace summit that came to switzerland. indeed, the scale of the summit, as well as the number of participants, were impressive. more than 90 countries of the world have gods in between.