it was less, now, with a moment of silence we will honor those who are no longer with us because of russia and because of its imperial ambitions. let's observe a moment of silence in memory of the ukrainian military and civilian citizens of ukraine who died in the war started by russia.

postponing mobilization by enrolling in postgraduate studies will not work now. the ministry of education has changed the rules of admission, they say, men massively take advantage of the postponement during their studies in order not to go to the army. why was this done on the eve of the only exam that entrants took and is it really a problem. like that large-scale, as it is described, we will talk about it further, my name is oleg galiv, this is svoboda ranok, i congratulate you, write in the comments what you think about admission to graduate school and the changes introduced by the ministry of education, literally a day before the holding of the single entrance exam, which was conducted for entrants to graduate school this year, the ministry of education and science changed the rules for entrants, this all happened because of this year's big rush for admission to graduate school, including by men of draft age, as the minister of education explained.

oksen lisovyi of ukraine, these changes should help to avoid fictitious training for postponement of mobilization. now let's understand the rules, if an applicant wants to enter graduate school on a contract basis, that is , pay money for education, it is possible only in the evening or part-time, but now this form of education does not give a postponement from mobilization. and in order to reduce the chances of scientists applying for postgraduate studies, the ministry of education has expanded the number of budget places by more than half, from 3,200 to 700. the minister of education explains that in this way... motivated students who really want to do science, and not get a deferment from the army, will be able to get into the study, and those who see other goals for admission to the university will be screened out. prospective graduate and master's students took the unified entrance exams the day before, almost 250,000 people registered for these tests this year, and almost 80% of them are men. the ministry of education calls such interest in higher science anomalous and is not connected or connected with the desire to embark on the path of scientific do i teach what career serhii babak,

people's deputy from the servant of the people and chairman of the verkhovna rada committee on education, published a comparative table with the number of applicants. for example, in 2021, that is, before the start of a full-scale war, 7,656 people were enrolled, that is, already enrolled in studies, 33% of them were men who turned 25 years old, that is, of draft age. and already in 2023, 1,835 people became entrants. this number has increased by 2.5 times, of which it is already 72%. they are men over 25, that is conscription age also this year, the transfer from other forms of education to full-time education, the one that gives a deferment, will not be available, and the renewal of full-time education is allowed only to those who are conscripted. and mr. serhiy, whom we have already mentioned, joins our broadcast, serhiy bobak, people's deputy of ukraine, servant of the people party and chairman of the verkhovna rada committee on education, science and innovation. congratulations. good morning. mr. serhiy, tell me where you came from...

that the ministry of education is changing the rules for admission to graduate studies also from the post of minister, is it possible that the ministry consulted with the committee? the ministry consulted with the committee, but not at the committee meeting, because it is not the prerogative of the committee in this case to interfere with the decision of the cabinet, but i was included in the discussions, of course, in meetings with the prime minister, and with other ministers, and with the general staff, this story, which actually began during the adoption of the law on mobilization, still, to what extent is it... fair to those who were already registered to be given a day's notice about such changes, and is this decision discriminatory from your point of view, because when this story began, as you say, during the passage of the mobilization law, then the rule on the deferral for graduate students was excluded after all by the decision of your committee, and , accordingly, this postponement was extended to graduate students, why did the cabinet of ministers, in particular, the ministry of education, make such a change and to what extent there is or is not a violation of the law here, a violation of the constitution there, to which everyone so often appeals. well, first of all, when we

discussed the bill on mobilization in the committee on national security and intelligence, we agreed that we will not include the norm in the law ourselves, or rather we... excluded it, we as a committee recommended doing so, but with all the factions that were represented during the discussion in the national security committee , we agreed that it would be the government's decision and the government would find a mechanism because we looked at these numbers, we saw this anomalous entry, we saw an increase in the number of conscripted men of conscription age who suddenly wanted to do science, but we then agreed that the ministry the ministry of education and the cabinet of ministers have enough tools in order to, at their operational level, uh... make a certain, certain exclusion, yes, those who want to do science, admit them to science obviously, yes, that is why we did not want to include such a drastic rule in this into the law, and on the other hand, they could weed out those who are not really ready for graduate studies, and this is more considered as evasion of their constitutional

duties. please tell me, but those who have already entered postgraduate studies there in 2022, 2023 during the great war, for whom there will be this additional exam, which the cabinet of ministers is currently working on, has been implemented for them. is kept for the duration of their studies if they pass this exam, right? of course, of course, for all post-graduate students, that's the point, that's why the law left this rule about postponement, that those who want to do science, those who really fulfill all the requirements of their individual plan of educational and scientific program doctor of philosophy, they will continue to have a deferment, everything is fine here, everything is normal and protected by law, and those who do not ready, those who entered in order to simply spend some time in graduate school, yes, you understand that in a certain way this is a discredit. and higher education, and postgraduate studies themselves, so an intermediate exam will be held for them after half of the educational and scientific program. i still have one question, your colleague on the committee, yuliya hryshina, wrote that the ministry could actually reduce the licensed amount of postgraduate training, or check all the universities there and punish

those, for example, that sell admission to graduate studies, this is a direct quote that she wrote to herself on social networks, instead , it was not done, what do you think about it, and she noted another point, that during a great war, when the state... there is a noticeable lack of money the ministry is increasing the number of public places in graduate school by half, that is, there are funds for this, right? look, the first thing about licensing options, for that, for that, you need to understand the legislation a little better, there is a separate legislation that regulates licensing activities, and there are norms that must be licensed volumes, currently the licensed volume is, for reference, more than 30,000, and it is not so easy to reduce it, because there is specialized legislation for this, and by the way, we are working with the cabinet of ministers of this decision, we have already agreed that we will work on changes to the legislation on licensing in order to make it easier to change the licensed volumes. so far it has been a very difficult path and it has been very controversial, so actually you have chosen the path you have chosen, and as for the increase in the state

order, in the place of a people's deputy, i would actually be very happy that the volume of the state order increases, but believe me, nothing will change in monetary terms, because we all work, the cabinet of ministers works within the limits. of the approved budget norms, and now the budgetary places for postgraduate studies, they go in one package, in the same resolution of the cabinet of ministers with other budgetary places for bachelor's and master's degrees, and at the moment, with the same amount of allocated budget funds, there is still no final distribution, how many places will go to certain specialties, taking into account that, at the insistence of our committee, the cabinet of ministers is now reviewing certain quantitative indicators of the state order, especially in specialties that are not really needed by the country during martial law, we will make certain redistributions. next week , the cabinet will complete the final distribution, and these freed places and their funds will go to postgraduate studies, which will be increased. why did they increase the budgetary places in graduate school? in order to actually give a chance for all scientists, until the 22nd year, before

the start of a full-scale invasion, every year, on average, about 7 thousand people entered our postgraduate studies, it was both a contract and a budget, because of what has now been accepted. the decision to remove the full-time contractual form, which gives a postponement, yes, at the same time, they left part-time and evening, so they decided to add budget places so that all the same, the same number of 700 scientists had the opportunity to study at a graduate school. i know you have limited time, but there is one more question i want to ask you, the minister in his publication in on social networks, from which the majority learned about these changes before entering graduate schools, wrote that the numbers of those who want to enter are a rapid anomaly, the anomaly that i am quoting, harms the quality of education, the economy, and here... he notes, that effective training creates new schemes and millions of dollars in the shadows, that is, it turns out that the minister directly blames whom, the universities, he directly blames, i do not know the applicants there, that they are somehow dishonestly trying to do this, but the committee notes that the universities , for

as an example of a private form of education, they sold places in graduate school, is there any evidence of this, either in the committee, or in the ministries, what do you know, we do not perform a law enforcement function, unfortunately or fortunately, i think it is fortunately? but we observe the quality of education and there are indeed anomalies, i think you have already seen one of the publications that became public, one of the information, yes, that one of the private universities of the city of zaporizhzhia... retroactively entered into the unified state electronic database approximately 3,700 graduate students as if they had entered the previous year. they have already had searches by the state bureau of investigation, law enforcement officers are looking for an evidence base, who issued these permits for what, yes, who received them, whether it was for money or according to some other agreements. we did not hold hands personally, because this is not our function, the ministry monitors these anomalies that pass through the unified state electronic database and directs them to the right. funeral authorities, according to my operative information, this is not the only case, and now the law enforcement officers

are actively engaged in this, i hope that we we will be able to cover up these schemes, and very briefly, and science and education, 700 places of state order that will be this year, there is some kind of loophole, i don’t know, that for bribes for the example of those admitted, or how well the law is thought out competently, which somehow those who want to do so will not be able to enter, let's say, illegally. well, you and i understand that fraudsters will always try to be one step ahead of those who catch them, and that's why we see anomalies, we pass them on to law enforcement agencies, and believe me, and now we will look very carefully and the committee and especially the ministry on how the distribution of these 7,000 places will take place, and not only us, and the ministry of defense will be watching this, it is now more a matter of national security, even than science, unfortunately. thank you very much, mr. serhiy, for joining, serhiy babak, people's deputy of ukraine, sloga party. people's committee chairman of the verkhovna rada committee on education, science and innovation. we talked about graduate school, changes to admission, and what actually awaits those who

still dare to enroll. well, besides for those who are already studying at a graduate school, but probably did not enter there for a scientific purpose, as we have already mentioned and from 2022, that is, when the full-scale war began, the ministry of education and science wants to introduce an additional exam, the deputy informed minister of education mykhailo vynnytskyi in a comment to ukrainian truth. currently, the relevant resolution is under consideration by the cabinet. ministers, the document should be made public by the end of june. the first unified state assessment is planned to be held already this year in october and november, or in october or november. at the same time, the non-governmental organization ukrainian scientific and educational it society addressed the government and the verkhovna rada with an open letter. they say such mid-term evaluation could be a violation of universities' academic freedom, and they also warn that lawsuits from contract graduate students over changes to the terms of their contracts could emerge. and ksenia semenova, acting rector of the national aviation university, is already in touch. i congratulate you, ksenia. good

day. thank you for joining. well, that's it graduate students talk a lot in the context of the admissions campaign. from the position of the rector, how do you evaluate the actions of the ministry of education and science regarding admission to postgraduate studies and how do you feel about the innovation? i completely understand why such a decision was made, it is obvious that the number of people who want to do science has not increased. wishing to avoid mobilization through postgraduate studies, here i would like to add that it is very important for universities to have postgraduate students, because science at the university is done by postgraduates, and if it is a large university, such as the national aviation university, we are faced with the task of the state, of the president, is to be useful in defense, to produce personnel for defense and for the reconstruction of the state, especially yesterday there was news about the beginning of the negotiation process about the accession of ukraine to... the eu, ukraine's accession to the eu has the consequence that in a single european educational

space is emerging, the elements of which we already had, but this means that ukrainian universities must be competitive on a level with european ones, in world universities the main indicator that a university really has an influence in society in the world is science, after all, it's not educational programs, scientific work, er, that's why graduate students are very important. national aviation university. interested in excellent graduate students who will continue to teach at the university, you have both a state and a contract uniform at the university, that's right, i'm sorry, i nail it, but you have both a contract and a state uniform at the university, yes, of course, like everyone else, we had both a budget form and a contract form, and we have a very small license, we actually asked the ministry of education and science to increase our license, so that the previous leadership of the university independently and deliberately refused to train scientific personnel, saying that the university does not need to train scientists. the current team is absolutely convinced that

ukraine needs scientists in the field of avionics, information protection, strength of materials, aviation, the country's defense capability depends on it, so to be honest , we currently do not have enough budgetary places that we have in graduate school, we are pleading with the ministry to allocate additional ones, i don't quite understand why universities that are not traditionally scientific in which there is no material base, in which there are no powerful scientists. they currently have 500 places, 700 places, it looks strange, of course, i would like to see a thorough inspection by the ministry of why each university has such a number of licensed places. and they took such a quick decision as the cancellation of contract places for graduate studies, as a quick decision as a quick solution to the issue, of course, this is probably the best decision that could have been taken today. from the scientific community, that it will affect the training of scientific personnel. this is an important moment, because when we say

that a quick decision was made to somehow regulate the situation, in fact the decision is not quick, they have been talking about graduate students since... 2022, when the great war began, and already then there was an initial campaign in the framework, that is, the ministry, as yulia hryshina says, for example, the representative i quoted today from the committee, she says that they could have reduced the volume of licensed places, they could have approached it in a different way, instead of warning conditionally, people who i don't know anymore, who were counting on what, after all, they registered for this single entrance exam and planned their lives for themselves the way they planned, please tell me, you are talking about the fact that this can affect scientific research itself, well, scientific research, how it will take place on... . education, right, all these changes in the scientific environment, how to be with private universities? one thing - state universities, ukraine can control them, the ukrainian government, because there are certain obligations and so on, but private universities, why is the law written in such a way that private universities can, i don’t know, afford more there, for example in the context of what they do and in particular admission to graduate school as well, well, the admission conditions

are the same for everyone, both in private universities and in state universities, the volume of the license order by the ministry yes determines itself for state universities, for private universities, and there are quality private universities in ukraine, as well as those that, well, the big question is what scientific personnel they train, so i would not discriminate here against private universities, some kind of competition finally, in ukraine, in the field of education, it appears not only between the state, it is nice to see, but regarding the fact that the ministry should objectively approach what the volume of the state order is. for the training of graduate students, they will provide each university, well, of course it is, and it is necessary to proceed here from the interests of the state, whom do we need to train, we need so many candidates of legal sciences, we need so many candidates of economic sciences, do we still have now the state is at war, and the greatest need now is for engineering personnel and

in the development of engineering science, in competition, in the defense complex, in inventing one's own... defense and reconstruction for the country. i would also like to clarify with you what you explained to our viewers, in particular, but in fact this is also a kind of discrimination, because state universities will have a state order for full-time education, which will give post-graduate students a deferment. private universities , accordingly, do not have such an opportunity, it will be possible to enter there only for evening and part-time education, or private universities can also have a government order. in fact, for several years now, private universities can have a state order if. they decide for themselves that they are ready to accept a state order, to receive money from the state for both bachelor’s and master’s degrees, there are also state orders in private universities, there in the kyiv school of economics, in the catholic university, there are definitely places for which the state pays education of students, that is, in this context, when we talk about how

the history of admission to graduate school takes place, the minister wrote on his facebook that effective education creates new schemes and millions of dollars in the shadows, how do you assess the position of the ministry in general, that they admit that the universities are there, whether they admit it, accuse them, or directly say what are the universities taking out there, i don't know , this money is in the shadows, and here is such a scheme for millions of dollars, how do you as educators, how do scientists generally hear such things and how does the environment perceive such accusations as a scientist, and who do they go to? well, in the middle... above of higher education it is no secret that there are universities that are not engaged in education and science, that are engaged in making money without providing quality educational services, is this a new problem, no, did it arise during a full-scale invasion, no, there is simply an increased demand for on deferment, because people go, enroll, but it's

also important to understand here that it's not always, it's not always a scam story, when a person enrolls in... a master's degree to get a deferment, for some people it's is the motivation, so that they will not be drafted now there for the next two years, if they enter the master’s degree, but some of these people go to study, they study, they get their specialty, they then go to work in their specialty, they then go on to do scientific work, that is, the issue here is not so much , that let us cancel the contract order, and let us not allow people over 30 years old to go to the magistrate and to the aspir. how much let's control who we let out, that is, if a person does not go to couples, if a person does not go to practical classes, if a person does not takes credit exams, then universities must exclude such people. and this is where the fraudulent scheme arises, not at the time of admission, but at the time that universities allow themselves not to control the quality of higher education and issue diplomas to people who did not

even appear on the dates. there are such and such cases in higher education, and this is a very negative thing that spoils the reputation of higher education in ukraine in general, and it is very unpleasant for universities that strive to educate people qualitatively. tell us more about the state exam for graduate students who have already studied for two years at graduate school, according to in essence, they have a limit, and rubicons... they cross halfway through this training, what is known about it, what is being told to the universities, this exam, the task for it will be the university, it will be the only exam that will be given by the ministry, how does this communication take place , whether they finally consulted with the universities, whether this exam is necessary, because here are public organizations that are related to scientific societies, they say that it is quite logical to expect lawsuits from students, graduate students, whose contracts do not was foreseen and in the terms of admission they were not warned that they would have to take this exam in the second year of study. i don't think that these lawsuits have much perspective, because the contracts do not specify in detail how the calculations take place, for example, at the end

of each year, at the end, at the end of the year, students, postgraduates, and bachelors, and masters, and and phd students, they take tests for the disciplines they are taking, in what format will it be, is it decided by the university itself, as it is now, or will it be a single state exam, independent? well, it is determined by the state, such details are not prescribed in the contract, and i consider these lawsuits unpromising, how good is this idea, but again, there must be control, and this is a certain control over the level of teaching at the university, and there is a little concern about this in the scientific community, because well, postgraduate studies are research work, it's still something that differs from university to university, there in ... national aviation university, for example, materials science, the strength of materials will be focused on those materials that are used there in the aviation industry in drones,

composite materials for drones, if it is some other university, if it is a polytechnic university, or if it is shevchenko university, then there will be an approach, maybe more of a theoretical model, a mathematical model, ah, more into such a fundamental science of these studies, that is , the essence of postgraduate studies is that you go to study, you go to do... scientific research with scientific supervisors and with the scientific school that has developed at the university, and it may differ, some things are easier to standardize at the bachelor’s level, because well, we understand that in principle people study the same things in higher mathematics, in theoretical mechanics, they study the same things regardless of the university, in graduate school to do such a single test for all universities is quite difficult, i thank ms. ksenia for joining in, telling how it actually happens at the aviation university, what are the expectations of the scientific community in general from how it works, how it will be to work, ksenia semenova acting as rector of the national aviation university, a guest of our broadcast. and

the european union has formally started accession negotiations with ukraine and moldova. two solemn events, i.e. intergovernmental conferences, took place the day before in luxembourg. both countries expect to join the eu by 2030. however, the achievement of this goal will be determined both by reforms in kyiv and kisheniv, and by readiness. of the european union itself to accept new members, which process is triggered by the official start of negotiations, our reporter will tell from luxembourg correspondent zoriana stepanenko. this day is considered historic in kyiv, chisinau, and many european capitals. the european union can be replenished by at least two more member states. accession negotiations with ukraine and moldova formally begin. intergovernmental conference with ukraine marking them. first start. this was the case with the application for joining the eu, which came from kyiv to brussels immediately after the russian invasion. moldova and georgia then followed suit and progress is noted in

two of the three candidates. ukraine and moldova are indeed very ambitious when it comes to reforms. both countries have made tremendous progress in the areas of the rule of law, the fight against corruption and freedom of the press. there are 3 and a half dozen negotiators in the ukrainian team, not all of them related to the process, personally in luxembourg, the head of the government pronounces about the language online. a historic moment for ukraine and europe, for our nation, the european union means much more than physical space, it symbolizes value and hope. the head of the ukrainian delegation, the vice-prime minister for european integration, receives the greetings to luxembourg. the moment, however, overshadows the deal. which regularly slows down ukraine's path to the eu. this conference could fail altogether. budapest, despite the positive assessment of ukraine's progress by the european commission, considered it

unsatisfactory and delayed... the approval of the negotiating framework, without which the event would not have taken place. the issue, as always, is the rights of national minorities, and on the day of the formal start of the negotiations, the hungarian government official reminded about them. we have an 11-point list of outstanding issues based on how we see the situation with hungarian a minority in ukraine. we expect a constructive solution from the ukrainian authorities. at the conference , olha stefanishyna publicly announced... ukraine's readiness to fulfill all 11 demands of hungary and stay in touch with it in this direction. they are waiting in kyiv for a counter movement in relations. we have very high hopes for our bilateral dialogue, which will hopefully lead to hungary not blocking further decisions on ukraine's accession. we will begin the process of screening the legislation, which will last at least until the end of this year.

targeted and specific in various fields, from economy to agriculture. the so-called fundamental cluster, they emphasize in the eu, is extremely important, these are changes in the issues of justice, democracy, and the state administration system. progress here will determine the overall pace of negotiations and the ability to turn pages between their sections. the accession process will be demanding and will require continued commitment to reforms in important areas such as the rule of law, judicial reform and the fight against corruption, we encourage the ukrainian authorities to continue to demonstrate firm political commitment to reforms. ukraine expects to open the first negotiation chapters next year, and to join the eu by 2030, as well as moldova, two countries in one package and both

will be needed many more times on this path. moldova and ukraine have suffered greatly from russia's brutal war in ukraine, we help each other in security matters, as well as in joining the eu, and we will continue to do so. however, the eu emphasizes that not only the candidates should prepare for the bloc's expansion, but also itself of the european union in order to be effective and capable for the year as a whole. from luxembourg, zoryana stepanenko, marek hajduk, radio liberty. we continue to talk about ukraine's accession to the european union with our guest ivanna klympush tsensady, she is a member of parliament from the european solidarity faction and the head of a specialized committee within the walls of the verkhovna rada . i am joining our broadcast. i congratulate you, mrs. ivan. good morning. ukraine has made a relatively quick journey from the moment it applied for eu membership to the moment when negotiations begin, they say actually researchers, analysts who

deal with this topic. tell me please. how much time can these negotiations generally take from your position and how all this should happen, explain to the audience in simple language, it's not just sitting down at the table, talking and deciding, right? i would just like to immediately debunk one myth that is being actively promoted in ukraine, which says that the whole process began on february 28, 2022, when ukraine applied for eu membership. it's not like that, it all started with the revolution of dignity, with how we won the right to sign the agreement about associations and performed. implemented visa-free, worked, and, unfortunately, the great war then accelerated all these processes and changed the attitude of our friends, our partners in the european union towards the next wave of expansion and the future of ukraine in general, it is very important to understand what will happen next, now in the near future, i think it may take about a year, we will be going through an evaluation of our legislation for

the resp. dignity to european legislation, and it is not only about laws, it about by-laws, it's about procedures, it's about rules, how they are written, how they correlate with the practices of the european union, and at the same time we will go into the implementation of such a first cluster, the first direction, several chapters, which is called the basics, it is really that, that , what you gave in your material is the simplicity of the law, it is about rights and freedoms, about democratic institutions, about the balance of power, about anti-corruption measures, and these are all those things against the background of which ukraine will generally go through the path of integration, and it's all those things which will be closely followed by the european union until the very end of our negotiations, and if on...