if ukraine does not defend itself, because in the end there were guarantees not in the form of an agreement when ukraine gave up nuclear weapons. i remember how at that time the americans made sure that those nuclear weapons returned to russia. in general, they worried that the suitcase would go somewhere and fall into the hands of terrorist groups. but so what, guarantees for ukraine are just arms deliveries. and i think that it is necessary to go. further, poland must think, we must jointly think about some kind of union with the support of the americans. without such support we will simply be thrown out of nato, and with the support of the americans, they will then be able to move to asia, because in the end it will be natural, and all politicians are talking about this, not only trump, but also biden is talking about it, that american interests are primarily in asia at this moment . the problem of competition with china is not rivalry, no. but competition, serious

competition, so if we went in that direction, everyone would be satisfied, actually, a lot will depend here on the so-called political elites, we are talking about specific people in warsaw and kyiv. we have had a difficult few months, and i did not fully understand what happened, it is about some kind of cooling of relations between president duda and president zeleny, it is about a meeting at the united nations in the united states. now it looks like the climate may have improved. and again there was a chance to continue polish-ukrainian cooperation in the field of security, but i want to say that there is a certain imbalance between poland and ukraine, and i noticed it in that matter: in poland, the prime minister rules and the government rules, not the president power is in the hands of the prime minister, who has a level of power comparable to that of the chancellor. the president controls the sphere of security and the sphere of defense, and also has competence in the sphere of foreign affairs. mostly in

appointing ambassadors, and that's all. instead, all power over the army, also over the security forces, that is, over the police, over the services, is concentrated in the prime minister. this should be remembered when we talk about president zelenskyi and president duda here. yes, president zelenskyy has much more power here, in fact, he has dictatorial power, but the president is in poland no. and what would it look like then? and why am i talking about this? because the election time has come in poland, and the presidential party, i.e. law and justice, lost the election. and at this moment there is a completely different government. so, if we talk and look, with whom we need to talk and decide now, then it is with the government and the prime minister with tusk. well, how do you assess the situation between the polish government and the ukrainian government, between the polish government?

in ukrainian, because it is necessary to continue cooperation and possibly raise it to some completely different, higher level. the current government in in poland, the civil coalition, of which i am a member, is the dominant party, and this is actually the power of the coalition. it is also necessary to remember that prime minister tusk must take into account the opinion of the coalition partners, and likewise, regarding what concerns ukraine. fortunately, we are continuing the policy that...regards ukraine, the kind of policy that was started right away, the policy of support, military and political, military is that we have given more tanks to ukraine than all of western europe put together. in fact, a huge amount, about 500 tanks, more than 50 galleys, powerful and modern, 20 thousand starlinks, more than 500 generators of electricity, and these are only such selected things. the most important for ukraine. there is, of course

, military aid and support, but also political aid, that is, support for joining the eu, and we give full support here, and support for joining nato. for poland, joining nato was much easier than joining the european union, because joining nato is a political decision, the army must be led by a civilian, that army must be adapted, but there is a beginning of adaptation to nato standards, and it is possible enter. to the european union - this is the adaptation of the entire economy to the standards of the european union, these are negotiations related to the transition period, and of course, the negotiations are related to the issue of grain. negotiations, negotiations. for example, when we had negotiations, we secured a long period during which there was a ban on the sale of land to foreigners, if suddenly someone was afraid of it. grain, grain, sir. back to the grain,

what do you want when it comes to grain? and what will happen to the european union market, which is open to ukraine, but there is still a separate one the position of polish farmers and... we must take this into account, because we must also take into account the interests of our citizens. farmers are our citizens. and there will be a discussion, something will have to be done. and how intense will this discussion be, mr. marshalka? no, the discussion should take into account the interests of both parties, and it is quite possible that a transition period will be needed, since we are buying land. in the eu there was a ban on the movement of polish labor, i.e. workers from poland and it worked, those fears due to disappeared for a couple of years, but surely you want to ask me about the grain, what is the situation at the border at the moment? the current situation, will

the so-called activists not return? they are not there, and you will know if we keep an eye on it. often agree, then they will not return, but what is the situation now? there are no blockades at the moment, there are no blockades, and you also know that there is no grain in poland at the moment, that means there is no grain, we are waiting for the new harvest, and it will be, then we will have grain, because now we have there is no grain in poland, we exported 14 million tons, i recently spoke with a colleague who specializes in this... and actually asked him, he says: there is no grain in poland, we lack grain. i say, then we will buy in ukraine, he answers that there is none in ukraine either, because ukraine exported 24 million tons. fortunately,

there will be harvest in the near future, but it's time to realize that if a problem appears, it must be solved, and not wait for months and so on. the previous government. did not solve it, and that problem only grew, the price of grain decreased, farmers claimed and complained that it was connected with the influx of ukrainian grain, and it was because the price of grain on world markets also decreased, and that government told farmers: don't sell this grain suddenly, because it will be more expensive in the fall. meanwhile, in the fall, the price of grain decreased, so it was easy to explain here, to develop such a theory that it is because of... ukrainian grain or russian grain. so at this moment the situation is zero, but it is worth preparing for possible actions. of course, because we are entering the process of negotiations with the european union and we understand that poland has its own voice, and poland will defend its interests, of course, ukraine will defend its own.

yes, and it is necessary to reach something. but the most important thing is that those national interests do not collide. no, interests are not such selfishness, although, of course, there are those who... say: it must be, i must earn from it, yes, huge money, billions of euros. yes, but of course, during the negotiations, ukrainian agriculture, which is very powerful, is a problem. it is necessary to agree here, because this is agriculture, where it is not at all artificial fertilizer is used, because there is chernozem, except that protective agents for plants are used, and because of this, the price of such grain can be much lower. ukraine's accession to the eu also means additional payments, also for ukrainian agriculture. we have additional payments per hectare of approximately €250. we already have average surcharges in europe, but we started with lower ones. but if ukrainian agriculture enters,

will it be possible to keep these additional payments at the same level, because ukraine will enter. so it's true. and our farmers, especially the large-scale ones who make money on that,... they will try to protect the level of those additional payments, because these are billions of euros, this must be understood, but negotiations, conversations and so on are needed here. in a democracy , nothing can be done by force, but there must be consultation mechanisms, communication mechanisms between the polish and ukrainian authorities, and here i am not necessarily talking about any open consultations, but between the president of ukraine and, for example, prime minister tusk, yes ? led to a meeting, but it was delayed a little, as far as we understand, for various reasons. what would it look like now? situation, mr. marshalka, what are the prospects for the growth of this diplomatic-political-economic activity? we are active diplomatically, but we are also building our position in the european union, because we

lost this position, we are rebuilding the so-called weimar triangle. these are the meetings of poland, germany and france. and the role of poland. increased due to the fact that we are the country on the ukrainian front, the closest to ukraine. aid goes to ukraine through us. because of us, because the hungarians blocked it. slightly. through romania, but most through us. going through romania export of grain, while military equipment goes through poland. this is not a secret. i am saying what the russians know very well. but we, we politicians, say this to our colleagues, and i said this to ukrainian colleagues now, we must talk and discuss what will happen after the war, how polish-ukrainian relations will develop. what do we want, how do we want that relationship to look like, or should it just be? some general principle, as at this moment, should we treat ukraine better, ukraine is

our neighbor and ally, so we have greater interest in cooperation with ukraine than, for example, the germans, who have more funds and will have more funds, but have less national interest. and that's understandable. italy, spain are far away, and so are others. interest and a different attitude in the european union as well, all this should be centralized, it is not always so, because everyone looks after their own interests. the basis of the union is understanding, consensus, because if everyone fights to the end for their own, the eu will collapse, there is no such union, but everyone will get something, and we will benefit from the union. i agree with you, but this will also be a benefit for... the country, because it is the case that the eu provides security, not only nato, but the european union,

because these are multilateral economic ties, financial, as well as cultural . so you have to remember that i am much more complicated than nato. for ukraine, nato now looks more difficult, because it is in conflict and wants to be accepted into nato, and constantly strives for it. and what does joining nato mean? the fifth article, the most important. yes, this means putting article five into effect, that is, going to war, but no so that we give weapons, introduce our soldiers, and we understand it well, and the ukrainians also understand it well, and here we have somewhat different interests, because ukraine would like to bring it to this. our goal, mr. marshallka, is to defeat the russians, and it is, in the near future, which means that we must attract as many different types of equipment as possible, it says. about aviation, air defense systems and so on. and there was an idea to, for example, use

polish anti-aircraft systems to cover the western cities of ukraine. i'm already thinking about it a long time ago, and i am a supporter of such a decision, because it is not known whether a rocket flying at lviv will fall in poland. in lublin, for example, or in rzeszow. well, this is known. yes, that is why we must defend ourselves here and, on occasion, of course, defend ukraine as well. but this issue is also for some interstate agreements on defense and so on, because we cannot just shoot over ukraine. why? and, for example, if there was an agreement with the ministry of defense, with the general staff, it must be. and she is not there now? of course, there is no such agreement. one country cannot fire without permission without agreement on another country, even for its defense. they talk all the time. putin speaks. they constantly say that poland wants to occupy a western country. i remember this

conversation from zhirinovsky. but i wrote a letter, i talked to the russians then and told them well: no, no, give something of your own, for example, the kaliningrad region, and not someone else's. return smolensk to us, give the russians smolensk to us. no, smolensk is far away, but the kaliningrad region. something of our own, and we will even share with the lithuanians ourselves, but you understand that this attempt at division is quite primitive, but we talked here about actions over ukraine, but the main thing is that the patriots who are already near the ukrainian border in the vicinity of the rzeszow are american patriots, and american, american commanders decide to shoot or not , that is, it should be a tripartite polish-ukrainian agreement. but the americans will not agree to this, because they do not

agree to far-reaching strikes on the territory of russia. now it has progressed very well, that it is possible to attack, to attack the territory of russia within at least 100 km near the border through kharkiv, because otherwise the russians shelled it without any losses for themselves, and destroyed the city on the border, the russians went far away. and such is the american one. answer, but the patriot batteries, which were located in zheshov, are subject to the decisions of american commanders. american leadership decides whether to shoot and where to shoot. we don't have. such a possibility, but poland still has its own system of patriots, you know, poland has fewer patriots than ukraine at the moment, so i will say generally, we don't have any. and now we return to the protection system of the ukrainian sky, by the forces of poland, and perhaps not only poland. and to poland's capabilities. yes,

the capabilities of poland and the capabilities of nato, that is, we need. so, yes, we did. mich 29, we gave these planes, the problems are, you will have problems with missiles for the f-16. with the cover of those airfields, the defense of the airfields, we need to talk, discuss, but it is obvious that military experts are needed here, but those planes, those f-16s, must be protected, because there is no sense in these planes being destroyed within three months, the war is going on , and this plane is not extraordinary, it is a good plane, but not extraordinary. the other, because it can also be destroyed, just like american tanks, because i repeatedly, when i watch ukrainian television, suddenly there is a wave, there was a wave of bairaktars, they are amazing, then tanks, abrams, abrams, but also leopards, it looked like that , that's how it's been shown, the public has been told, this weapon is not indestructible,

every weapon can be destroyed, and f-16s can be destroyed, and they will be destroyed, but you have to... prepare to just protect them, and you have to know where to deploy their. i once said that in a country with mountains, such things are located in underground bases that are difficult to destroy, and the russians have already warned that if they are located in the territories of neighbors, that is, poland, then such bases will be under attack, that is, russia whether they will be attacked, whether they will be attacked or not, i don't know, this is of course a matter for politicians, but from the technical side there is also the army. i think that such a situation may arise, what macron said will become relevant, and has poland joined this french proposal or solution if such a situation happened? the polish prime minister said no, but

maybe everything will change, but i think that such a sharp objection is not good, let it be. the russians do not fully know how we will behave, no one wants to go to the front, so while it is possible and while it is effective, we should help with the weapons that ukraine needs. it's just that the situation can change in the states, mr. marshall, trump can come. and of course, macron and not only macron are thinking about the situation that will happen in a few months. but then the european union will unite, it will come deeper consolidation of the european union both in the military sphere and in relation to in ukraine, we greatly appreciate, for example, poland's help, because it was done quickly. in a flash, very fast. yes, while in brussels they would only write documents to make phone calls between brussels and berlin. yes, but such assistance should

be supported by society, because it can do more harm than good. but i will tell you, i look at ukrainian men who are in poland, young men, it causes a negative reaction from poles. we are in ukraine are ready to receive them, but would poland be ready to give them or help us get them. we need to talk about it, but this is also an issue that is in your interest, because those men work, you know, if we lose them, then whole sectors of the economy, for example, construction. will fall apart. it is necessary to weigh everything, but, in my opinion, the key thing for poland is to support ukraine. and everything should be subordinated to this, both our political decisions and what we do abroad, because this is the most important thing. why? it is clear, it is obvious. there is putin a revisionist, he undermines all principles

of international law. he pursues a policy of aggression, but his goals, he does not... clearly outlines his goals very vaguely, so we must do the same, respond, maybe yes, maybe not, if there is such a need, the most important thing is the readiness of the army, and capacity, communication, logistics and capacity, i agree with you and would like to ask, for example, about the fate of the polish-lithuanian-ukrainian joint brigade. a few days ago i spoke with bohdan klich, the former minister of defense of poland and he said that there is a good prospect for creating, for example, from that brigade. vision, and perhaps even a military corps, polish-lithuanian-ukrainian, what were the bans? as a political slogan, this is a good slogan, this polish-lithuanian-ukrainian brigade. was created in a different situation, i remember the moment of its creation, i supported it, because it is really a matter of the future, although i did not know how russia would behave, but its benefit for

the current situation is small, small, because what of the fact that there is a brigade, but for the future it is it would be useful, of course, it would be useful, but for the future , logistics, armed and human support will always be useful for ukrainians, no, it is only about that climate, in six months... the situation may change, but the most important thing is that there is something on on paper, that is , we understand that there is a military bureaucracy, the bureaucracy of the ministry of defense, not only ukrainian, but also polish, and so on. here we have to think more broadly: about readiness, about the concept, about alliances, about alliances of various types, and readiness is also, no, readiness to the union, the so-called political will, yes... yes, yes. currently, it is not such a difficult situation. ukrainians give themselves advice, but the question for us, for me, is what to do when ukraine stops giving advice? and i say,

you need to consider different possibilities. you are probably considering such possibilities. we should also consider them. at the moment, ukraine is on its own. but we had a difficult period at the time when the united states did not give weapons, blocked, yes. when they couldn't vote and it went on and on, and so did we we understand that this was also a corridor of opportunity for putin. but the european union voted to provide 50 billion. but not 100 billion. well, well, but then you can say why not 150 billion. the states voted for 60 billion. what do you want from poor europe, such money? the states are richer, but at the same time, the usa is a force. this does not mean that whoever... gives, you can vote for 100 billion, but for them you have to buy weapons, that is, to manufacture weapons, the states have weapons, only the united states has such stockpiles of weapons, in our country we

are forced to restore, rebuild the armed forces industry, i'm a member of the national defense commission, that is, i deal with the military, i know a little about the nuances, we have to make huge efforts to return here to what we had before. for this we have to think together, what then? now we have to think and now we have to discuss, in order to have a concept so that we can start implementing it, we need to know what we have to do, i am also in ukraine to talk about it. thank you very much, mr. marshalka, thank you very much for your openness and for this excellent analysis, and of course for your position. thank you very much. and i want to remind our tv viewers that the tv channel is currently on the air. bohdan borusewicz, a legendary polish politician, worked as the head of the polish senate from 2005 to 2015, and now he works for the senate defense committee. there are discounts

representing the only discounts on norwend express forte 10% in beteks plantain to you taushka. there are discounts representing the only discounts on troxevs inger 15% in pharmacies. road guide to you and savings. vasyl zima's big broadcast. my name is vasyl zima, this is a big broadcast on the espressu tv channel. two hours of air time. two hours of yours time my colleagues and i will talk about the most important things. two hours to learn about the war, about the military, front, component, serhiy zurets. but what does the world live on? yuri feder is already in front of me. time to talk about what happened outside of ukraine. yuriy dobryvechir. two hours to keep up with economic news. time to talk about money during the war oleksandr morchuvka with me and

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to me. really enjoyed the trip to austria, loved the museums we went to every day, it was amazing and i really liked how we went to restaurants. i visited the cities of salzburg, vienna and linz. this trip had a positive effect on me, i became more cheerful. thank you so much for such an incredible trip, it will never be forgotten in my heart. let's together give memories that will warm hearts and help to survive these difficult times. and a terrible moment, and now oleksandr morozov, a political scientist who is in prague, will work on the air of the tv channel. glad to see you, oleksandr, but first of all i would like to ask you about the assessment of the so-called astana summit, we understand that this is not only a story about putin,

it is not even just a story about sidzin'. this is a story in general about the attempt to form a new so-called alternative agenda to replace the so-called big summits and big events of the diplomatic international plan, which were held by the so-called collective event, so the astana agenda and putin's readiness for something, for which it was all for him ? vladimir putin will definitely use this sco summit to build a very important for... line that will lead to the success of the brics summit in kazan, which will take place in october. this brics summit in kazan is an extremely important diplomatic and political event for putin. why? because there is a struggle around the summit. expansion of the composition of brics countries was foreseen. the kremlin has been actively playing with the applications submitted by various countries. it has now been decided that there will be no enlargement at this summit in kazan. but

besides that, it is in kazan. putin is going to demonstrate that he has the support of the countries of the so-called global south. and here on the sidelines of the sco summit, i think the main goal of kremlin diplomacy is simple to prepare for the summit in kazan. oleksandr, but we understand that there is a public agenda, and there is a real agenda. yes, we understand that no matter who makes a speech at the summit, the key story is the main problems, well, the main one. the good thing is that putin is gradually being pressured, he is waiting for the story with the american elections, and on the other hand there is also the agenda that is being shaped by china and the chinese so-called plan, which is not accepted publicly, at least in the west, putin also tries to attract, therefore, if we are talking about the chinese plan, well, in particular , it concerns the russian-ukrainian war, how do you think putin will try

to solve it now. to play in their own interests. it seems to me that the situation was determined after vladimir putin, entering a new term, issued an ultimatum, that is , formulated his vision of the end of the war in four points. this ultimatum leaves no room for diplomacy, neither for china, nor for hungary, nor for turkey. because, if putin's package of proposals could be said to be the kremlin period... formulates the goals of the war, always their goals, then putin formulated it in its final form, and if the kremlin talks like this, creates different things in different periods, then what can president xi or any other political politician do here , then what can mr. golovasi or any other politician do here, because first of all, this demand of putin contains complete.