if we compare it with gdp, then estonia provided aid for more than 1-3% of its gdp, which means that we are one of the most active countries that supports ukraine. in addition, the estonian government decided at the end of last year that they will allocate you for the next four years, annually. 0.25% of our vec for ukraine is for military aid for reconstruction, so our aid will definitely continue and estonia will do everything possible to increase humanitarian and other aid to ukraine, well, i can only answer this in estonian, i will try, ma'am ambassador, let it not criticizes my accent very much, tananteitvaga for. everything estonia is doing for

us, well, but look, one more point, a few months ago the parliament of estonia passed a law, and then this law was ratified by the president of estonia, which this law allows the use of frozen russian assets to compensate for the damage that russia has caused in this aggressive war in ukraine. it's been a few months, i think it's been two months since this law came into force, have there been any transfers yet, is this the first? question, to ukraine, i mean, and secondly the question is whether other western countries have followed the example of estonia, because estonia was the first western country to pass such a law. yes, of course, estonia was one of the first countries that started talking about the need to use frozen russian assets to rebuild ukraine because... that

the aggressor has to pay a price for that, and we were one of the first countries that two years ago she said that we need to start the reconstruction, the restoration of ukraine already during the war, we don't need to wait until it ends, because we need to give to give people hope and help refugees, those who left ukraine, and then... began to return, then we tried to understand, analyze all possible ways to make russia pay the price for the damage it caused to ukraine, and we were pioneers in the introduction of such legislation, regarding the use of frozen russian assets for the restoration of ukraine, and these assets are not only state assets, they are also... the property of private individuals and legal entities in

estonia, and all those who are under international sanctions, then the law was was adopted recently, and the regulatory processes are still ongoing, as everything must comply with international rules so that we do not create unnecessary problems for ukraine. in the coming years, so we're working on it now, and i think we're making great progress in that direction, i hope we can demonstrate to the whole world that it's possible, that you can use all the frozen assets and the profits from those assets, not just directly, the profits for the simple fact that we held these assets before, and... you

set a very good example for western countries, having passed this law, and other countries in your opinion, personal opinion, why they do not pass such laws, just your personal opinion, because of fear, is something else still possible? it is very difficult for me to say why to certain countries. do something or don't do something, but i think that there are still some legal issues, legal issues that countries are discussing, but estonia really, our national legislation tried to do so, in fact, to make it look like this, to prove that we we can do it without violations european or international legislation, i really hope that the westerners... will see this,

and will not delay and pass similar laws in their countries, well, but now we move on to something else, the post-war reconstruction of ukraine, in the end even... this reconstruction is already underway in different parts of ukraine, and those that were under temporary occupation in the first days of the war. tell me, please, does estonia have any projects, in this case, state or non -state projects, with which it helps rebuild ukrainian cities and villages? so, yes, of course, as i already said, we started already in the 22nd year. this work and all these projects related to reconstruction in ukraine began at that time, in particular in zhytomyr region, it is conditionally ours, our region, our region, since estonia is a small country and we have limited resources, and we thought that we should approach

the issue of restoring ukraine very complex, that's why we chose one area, one region for ourselves and we... provide assistance with reconstruction right there, we helped build a new kindergarten, and we conduct training for teachers, educators, in order to so that such help is long-term, just not just to build one house or one shelter, but to help in such a way that it is up to... of course, well, but we talked about money coming from estonia, or, for example, military support, which goes from estonia to ukraine, let's talk now about the help that ukrainians who

are currently in the territory of the republic of estonia receive ... of ukraine. so, of course, we have statistics. regarding ukrainians living in estonia now. and we provided them from the first day of their arrival in estonia, any assistance, any assistance we could provide, it is medical assistance, social protection, education. we also opened two special schools, specialized schools for ukrainian children, where they can be educated in the estonian language, but keep their language, their culture, and

can study according to the ukrainian curriculum, so we are trying to do everything for the ukrainian refugees who are in estonia for so that... they do not lose this connection with their country, with their culture. of course, we have other plans and projects, but the main slogan of the government is that it is necessary for ukrainians to feel that they are welcome here in estonia. and i can confidently say that ukrainians in estonia definitely feel that they are welcomed in this country. since my daughter has been living in the territory of the republic of estonia for more than two years, she is studying there and she knows how estonians think, how estonians help and how estonians try to do everything in order to bring our joint victory over the russian aggressor closer.

now a little about the victory: in estonia, besides, of course, women and children, there are many men who received, it is not a temporary shelter, but in the meantime... it is called protection, as far as i understand, in estonia. tell me, please, now in many countries, at least in eastern european countries, they are talking about the fact that they somehow try to cooperate with the government of ukraine regarding men who are subject to conscription into the army, and who are militarily obligated in order to somehow help these men, well , at least register in ukraine, in the relevant authorities, and maybe even return them to ukraine, is there something similar in estonia? yes, such discussions, such requests began to arrive some time ago, but our

previous prime minister said that because people live in estonia legally. we granted them temporary permits for residence and temporary protection, and we do not plan them. send to ukraine back, because we have rules, we have obligations, and it also comes from european legislation, that is , we have no plans to send them back to ukraine, but in this sense we cooperate with the ukrainian authorities, with the ukrainian embassy in tallinn and... we understand that there are needs in ukraine, but i think that many

ukrainians who live in ukraine, they want to return to their country, they are waiting for such a conspiracy, for opportunities, for return, this was one of the reasons why we started the reconstruction so early, so that people could see the perspective of the future, we have... kindergartens, our local communities, etc., to people it was easier to return, of course we cooperate with the ukrainian authorities in order to understand how to help the ukrainians, but as i say, we are not going to send them back if they do not want it, of course, madam ambassador, one more thing question, and the question can be said from students... ukrainians studying in estonia, recently, well, literally

a month or two ago, there was information that, for example, in lithuania, they are going to or have already passed a law, according to which benefits will be taken away ukrainian students studying according to the exchange program, are they going to do something like that in estonia or not? and we have ukrainian students. who have been studying in estonian universities for many years, even before the full-scale war began, and there are many ukrainian students here, and we are proud of them, because they are very intelligent, they are very eager to learn, and so far i have not had information about plans of the government to stop. assistance under programs that are currently

active, so ukrainian students should calm down, everything will be fine thanks to our of course to the brothers and sisters in estonia. let's now once again return a little to, unfortunately, the military theme, and talk about red lines, there is a lot of talk about these red lines in the west, for some they exist, for some they are clearly defined, for some they are very... are unclear, but for estonia, in this war, in our joint war, i will call it that in our joint war with the russian aggressor, are there any red lines, this is my favorite question, thank you for it, estonia has never spoken about.. territorial integrity

integrity, democracy, cultural identity of people, and we strive for this in estonia, in our country, and this is what we like very much in ukraine, and we do not see any red lines when it comes to... russia's brutal war against ukraine , all the war crimes, genocide that they committed, we believe that there cannot be any red lines here, and our goal is to preserve ukrainian independence, democracy, and territorial integrity. therefore, we support ukraine in

everything we can so that it can achieve these goals, and accordingly, we do not see no red lines here per se. the government has already said in many cases that we are ready to discuss any possibility. as for helping ukrainians, and the most important thing is to help ukraine win this war, we are ready to discuss any solutions. but since we are a small country, we understand that we need to cooperate with other countries, move together, then it will be easier to discuss these issues with our

partners, and we are ready to be a pioneer in certain solutions. so our red line, if i may call it that, or blue and yellow line, it is precisely to help ukraine win this war. just great words, it's not a red line, it's a yellow-blue line, and it's to help ukraine win this war of aggression, it's just, it's just incredible, i thank you very much for that, and look, in estonia itself, i understand, you are now are trying with all their might to... be able to win this war, but in estonia they are not considering, i will not say so, are they preparing, i will say frankly, why are they preparing in estonia for a possible attack by russia now, because they talked about it a lot a lot on the beginning of the invasion of ukraine 2.5 years ago, but are they talking about it now in estonia,

of course. when we became an independent state in the early 1990s, we were always very wary of our neighbor and had no illusions that russia had no plans to invade, and we were always in nato and. .. in the eu, they talked about a possible threat from russia, we, we warned other countries about this, so we have been preparing for self-defense for a long time since the beginning of the 90s, that is why we wanted to acquire membership in the eu, and we wanted join nato

we prepared step by step. before that, and every year we increased our spending on defense, on defense and called on other nato countries to do so, in order to defend ourselves both individually and jointly, collectively. therefore , yes, we are preparing and continue to prepare. i can't say that we started thinking about it. or prepare only after the 14th year, when russia occupied part of ukraine, or after the start of a full-scale war, we did something step by step every day to protect ourselves from this evil, and from you must always prepare to defend yourself against this evil, because this evil is not foreseen, this

evil can attack in any wave, we were witnesses of this in february 2022. so you have to constantly prepare. let's say two more words about ordinary estonians. your country is small, but as far as i know, different people live in different parts, of course. what is the attitude of estonians after 2.5 years of a full-scale invasion of ukraine towards your government's support of ukraine and what is happening in ukraine. why am i asking because as far as i know in the north east estonia, in the narva area there. a lot of russian-speaking citizens live in estonia, do they support all the actions of your estonian government in support of ukraine? yes, for many years we have a russian-speaking minority living in

estonia, we have been trying to integrate them into estonian society, for almost 30 years now and... of course we see that there is a certain contingent of people who do not want this integration, they still look more in the direction of russia, but estonians, estonian society and the government of estonia, of course we support ukraine, and then it is even a question does not stand about the reduction of such aid, i think that since the war has been going on for more than 2.5 years and... the brutality of the putin regime is increasing every day, it is intensifying, and we

are ready to help ukraine in the long term, not only for victory, but also for the restoration of the future , so the support is increasing, i can say, and if you look at the non'. government organization of ordinary citizens who help ukraine, we see that every month, or even every week, support comes from ordinary estonians who collect or humanitarian help is provided, but just yesterday i read that three estonian non-governmental organizations that have been helping ukraine for more than... years again sent a new aid convoy to ukraine, and there were medical products, and drones,

and military aid for the front, for the army, for rescuers, they help. may continue to arrive and even increase in volume, because, as i said, this fascination with ukraine, it is very big in estonia, and every day we are shocked by the brutality of putin's regime, that he continues, this brutality is happening, and of course our support will not decrease, it will only increase, well, it is mutual. admiration, i must tell you, we admire the estonians for their support and help to ukraine from the very beginning, because in some countries they try to find some things to justify the fact that

they do not want to help, and we admire the estonians, who from the first day of the war, helped to support us, madam ambassador, i thank you very much for visiting me today and the last question for you: you have been in ukraine for a year, i understand that you are busy schedule, come to us'. went after an important meeting, i mean for an interview, and you have a lot of such meetings, but do you have time, did you have time during this year to travel, to travel a little in ukraine, do you have any favorite place in ukraine? definitely, when i came to ukraine a year ago, i told my colleagues that i am the ambassador in ukraine, not in kyiv. means that i have to travel a lot and see how local communities live, i have to communicate with people, and yes, i have been to kharkiv, odesa, rivne,

zhytomyr, of course, this is our partner, partner region, and was in many corners of ukraine, and i think it is important to demonstrate to local communities that we... support them, and we are not afraid to come to them, to come to these territories, because we understand that what they are dealing with face daily these attacks, shelling, alarms, and it is important for me to demonstrate that i am here, i am ready to provide adequate information to my capital, so that they can decide that... more help is needed in this direction or in another direction, so what i love your country very much, it is very beautiful, very wonderful, i do it every day

i see more and more surprisingly very beautiful things, and i really like the resilience of ukrainians, and by the way, i was also on the front line at the beginning of march. i said that i needed to talk to the soldiers, see what was happening at the front, and it was during those difficult times when foreign aid began to be kind of reduced or delayed, and i then said that i needed to get exactly from the front, this return communication so that i can pass this information on to... tallinn so that they can make the necessary decisions regarding what is specifically needed, so i

will continue to travel. now i want to focus more on those areas that are facing the energy crisis most of all and to understand what is specifically needed for these regions, so of course i will travel as much as i can, traveling lady ambassador, for that we thank her, and thank you for all the help and support we receive from the estonian government and from ordinary estonians who have been helping us to defend from the very beginning. our country, our independence, our, our sovereignty and our territorial integrity. madam ambassador, i thank you very, very much for joining this conversation today. send thanks to all the citizens of your country for everything you do for us. ah, it was an interview with the ambassador of the republic of estonia in ukraine, anne lee kolk, who came to us a year ago and has already done a lot in this position. without iron

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