the aggressor must pay the price for this, and we were one of the first countries to say two years ago that we need to start the reconstruction, the restoration of ukraine already during the war, we do not need to wait until it ends, because we need to give people hope and to help refugees, those who left ukraine, and then a... began to return, then we tried to understand, analyze all possible ways in order to make russia pay the price for the damage it caused to ukraine, and we were pioneers in the introduction of such legislation regarding the use of frozen russian assets for the restoration of ukraine, and these assets are not only state assets, they are also... the property of private individuals and legal entities in

estonia, all those who are under international sanctions, the law was passed recently, and for the time being , regulatory processes are ongoing, as everything must comply with international rules so that we do not create unnecessary problems for ukraine. next years, so we're working on it now, and i think we're making great progress in that direction, it's happening, i hope we will be able to demonstrate to the whole world that this is possible, that it is possible to use all the frozen assets and the profits from these assets, not only directly the profits from the fact that we simply held these assets before, but ... you

set a very good example for the western countries by adopting this law, other countries in your opinion, personal opinion, why they do not pass such laws, just your personal opinion, because of fear, is something else possible? it is very difficult for me to say why something is in these or other countries? doing or not doing something but i think that there are still some legal issues, legal issues that countries are discussing, but in estonia, our national legislation really tried to make it so, in fact, to bring it into such a form, to prove that we can do it without violating european or international legislation , i really hope that the western partners...

will see this, and will not delay and pass similar laws in their countries, well, but now we move on to something else, the post-war reconstruction of ukraine, after all, even this reconstruction is already underway in different parts of ukraine, and those that were under temporary occupation in the first days of the war. please tell me if estonia has any projects, in this case state or non-state projects, that help with reconstruction. ukrainian cities and villages, yes, yes, of course, as i already said, we started this work already in the 22nd year, and all these projects in connection with the restoration in ukraine began then, in particular in the zhytomyr region, it is conditionally ours, our region, our region, because estonia is a small country and we have limited resources. and we thought that we should approach

the issue of restoration of ukraine is very complex. that is why we have chosen one area, one region, and we are providing reconstruction assistance there. we helped build a new kindergarten, and we conduct training for teachers and educators so that such assistance is long-term. not just to build one house or one shelter, but to help in such a way that it is long-term and covers the problems faced by the region in particular. of course, but we talked about money coming from estonia, or, for example, military support, which goes from estonia to ukraine. let's talk now about the assistance received by ukrainians who are currently...

in the territory of the republic of estonia, do you have any statistics at this very moment, how many ukrainian citizens are there, and is there any tendency to return to ukraine? yes, of course, we have statistics about ukrainians living in estonia now, and we provided them from the first day of their arrival in estonia, any assistance, any assistance that we could provide, this is medical assistance, social protection, education, so are we opened two special schools, specialized schools for ukrainian children, where they can be educated in the estonian language, but keep their language, their culture, and

can study according to the ukrainian curriculum, so we are trying to do everything for the ukrainian refugees who are in estonia in order to , so that... they do not lose this connection with their country, with their culture. of course, we have other plans, projects, but the main slogan of the government is that it is necessary for ukrainians to feel that they are welcome here in estonia. and i can confidently say that ukrainians in estonia definitely feel that they are welcomed in this country, because... my daughter has been living in the territory of the republic of estonia for more than two years, she studies there and she knows how estonians think how estonians help and yakonians try to do everything in order to bring our common victory over the russian aggressor closer.

now a little about the victory: in estonia, besides women and children, of course, there are many men who received it, it is not a temporary shelter, temporarily it is called protection, as far as i understand, in estonia, please tell me, now in many, at least in eastern european countries, they are talking about the fact that they are somehow trying to cooperate with the government of ukraine in relation to men who are subject to conscription and who are subject to military service in order to somehow help these men, well , at least register in ukraine, in the relevant authorities, and maybe even return them to ukraine, is there something similar in estonia? yes, such discussions, such requests started arriving some time ago, but our

previous prime minister said that since people live in estonia legally. we gave them temporary permits for residence and temporary protection, and we do not plan to send them back to ukraine, because we have rules, we have obligations, and this also comes from european legislation, that is , we have plans to send them back. they are not returned to ukraine, but in this sense we are cooperating with the ukrainian authorities and the ukrainian embassy in tallinn, and we understand that in ukraine has needs, but i think that many

ukrainians living in ukraine want to return to their country, they are waiting for such an opportunity, for opportunities. this was one of the reasons why we started the reconstruction so early, so that people can see the perspective of the future, we have kindergartens, our local communities, etc., so that it is easier for people to return, we usually cooperate with the ukrainian authorities in order to understand, how can you help the ukrainians, but as i... say, we are not going to send them back if they don't want it, of course, ma'am ambassador, one more question, and the question can be asked from ukrainian students studying in estonia, recently, well , literally a month or two ago, there was

information that, for example, in lithuania they are preparing or have already passed a law, according to which benefits will be taken away ukrainian students studying under the exchange program. are they going to do something like that in estonia or not? we have ukrainian students studying in estonian universities for many years, even before the full-scale war started, and there are many ukrainian students in us and we are proud of them because they are very intelligent, they are very eager to learn and so far i have had no information about the government's plans to stop. assistance under the programs that are currently active, so ukrainian students

should calm down, everything will be fine thanks to our, of course, brothers and sisters in estonia. now, let's once again return to the topic of war, unfortunately, and talk about red lines, there is a lot of talk about these red lines in the west, for some they exist, for some they are clearly defined, for some they are very. is are unclear, but for estonia, in this war, in our joint war, i will call it that in our joint war with the russian aggressor, are there any red lines? this is my favorite question, thanks for it, estonia has never said one. red lines are the most important thing for us, one of the most important things, this is

integrity, territorial integrity, democracy, cultural identity of people, and we strive for this in estonia, in our country, and this is what we really like in ukraine, and we do not see we have no red lines when it comes to... on brutal war russia against ukraine, all the war crimes, genocide they committed, we believe that there cannot be any red lines here, and our goal is to preserve ukrainian independence, democracy, and territorial integrity. therefore, we support ukraine in

everything we can so that it can achieve these goals, and accordingly, we do not see any red lines here as such, the government has already said on many occasions that we are ready to discuss any possibility. about helping ukrainians, and the most important thing is to help ukraine win this war, then we are ready to discuss any solutions, ways, but since we are a small country, we understand that we need to cooperate with others. move together, then it will be easier to discuss these issues with our partners,

and we are ready to be a pioneer in certain solutions, so our red line, if i can call it that, or blue-yellow line, is to help ukraine win in this war, just great words are not a red line, but a yellow blue line, and it will help. in ukraine, to win this aggressive war, that simply, simply incredible, i thank you very much for this, and look, in estonia itself, i understand that you are now trying your best to help us win this war, but in estonia they are not considering, i will not say so, or they are preparing, directly i will say whether estonia is preparing for a possible attack by russia now, because there was a lot of talk about it at the beginning of the invasion of ukraine 2.5 years ago. so, but are they talking about it now in estonia?

of course, when we became an independent state, in the early 90s, we were always very careful with our neighbor and no we had no illusions. as for the fact that russia has no plans to invade, and we always in nato and in... the eu talked about a possible threat from russia, we, we warned other countries about it, so we have been preparing for a long time self-defense since the beginning of the 90s, that is why we wanted to acquire membership in the eu, and we wanted to join nato,

we prepared step by step. this year and every year we have increased our defense spending on defense and called on other nato countries to do the same to defend themselves and individually and jointly, collectively. therefore, yes, we are preparing and continue to prepare. can't say we started thinking about it either. to prepare only after the 14th year, when russia occupied part of ukraine, or after the start of a full-scale war, we did something step by step every day to protect ourselves from this evil, and we must always prepare to defend ourselves from this evil, because

this evil is not predicted, this evil can attack in any wave, we witnessed this in february 2022. so you have to constantly prepare. let's say two more words about ordinary estonians. your country is small, but as far as i know, different people live in different parts, of course. after 2.5 years of full-scale invasion of ukraine, what is the attitude of estonians towards your government's support of ukraine and what is happening in ukraine. why am i asking because, as far as i know, in the north-east of estonia, in the narva area, there are very... many russian-speaking citizens of estonia, do they support all the actions of your estonian government in support of ukraine? yes, for many years we have had a russian-speaking minority living in estonia, we have been trying to integrate them into

estonian society for almost 30 years now, and... what we see is that there is a certain contingent of people who do not want this integration, they still look more towards russia, but estonia, estonian society and the government estonia, of course we will continue to support ukraine, this is not even a question. about the reduction of such assistance, i think that since the war has been going on for more than 2.5 years and the brutality of the putin regime is increasing and intensifying every day, and we are ready to help ukraine

in the long term, not only for victory, but also for ... recovery further, so the support is increasing, i can say, and if you look at the non-governmental organizations of ordinary citizens who help ukraine, we see that every month, or even every week support comes from ordinary estonians who collect or provide humanitarian aid. just yesterday , i read that three estonian non-governmental organizations, which have been helping ukraine for over 2.5 years, again sent a new aid column to ukraine, and there were medical products there.

and drones and military aid for the front, for the army, for the rescuers, they help and the aid continues, it comes and even increases in volume, how much, as i said, is the fascination with ukraine, it is very big in estonia, and every day we are shocked by putin's brutality. is happening and of course our support will not decrease, it will only increase, well, it is mutual for. admiration, i must tell you, we admire the estonians for their support and help to ukraine from the very beginning, because in some countries they are trying to look for some things,

with which to justify the fact that they do not want to help, and we admire the estonians, who have helped and supported us since the first day of the war, madam ambassador, i thank you very much for visiting me today and the last question for you: have you already year in ukraine, i understand that you have a busy schedule, you came to us. after an important meeting, i mean for an interview, and you have a lot of such meetings, but do you have time, did you have time this year to travel, travel around ukraine a little bit, do you have any favorite place in ukraine ? definitely when i i came to ukraine a year ago, i told my colleagues that i am an ambassador in ukraine, not in kyiv, it is... that i have to travel a lot and see how local communities live, i have to communicate with people, and yes, i was in

kharkiv , in odesa, in rivne, in zhytomyr, of course, this is our partner, a partner region, and has been in many corners of ukraine, and i think it is important to demonstrate to local communities that we... support them, and we are not afraid to come to them, to come to these territories, because we understand that what they face every day, these attacks, shelling, anxiety, and it is important for me to demonstrate that i am here, i am ready to provide adequate information to my capital, so that they can decide that... whether help is needed in this direction or in another direction, so what, i love your country very much, it is very beautiful, very wonderful, every day i see more and

more surprisingly, very beautiful things, and i really like the resilience of ukrainians, and by the way, i was also on the front line at the beginning of march. i said that i needed to talk to the soldiers, see what was happening at the front, and it was during those times difficult times, when foreign aid began to be somehow reduced or delayed, and i then said that i needed to get exactly from the front, this feedback, so that i could pass this information to... stalin, so that they could make the necessary decisions, about what is specifically needed, so i

will continue to travel, now i want to focus more on those areas that are facing the most energy crisis and understand what is specifically needed for these regions, so of course i will be as much as possible travel more traveler, madam ambassador, for that we thank her, and we thank her for all the help and support we receive from the government of estonia and from ordinary estonians, who from the very beginning began to help us defend our country, our independence, our sovereignty and our territorial integrity. madam ambassador, i thank you very, very much for joining this conversation today, thank all the citizens of your country for everything you do for us. it was an interview with the estonian ambassador anna likolk of the republic of ukraine, who came to us a year ago and has already done a lot in this position. espresso interviews will

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