iran on what happened in tehran a few weeks ago, namely the elimination of hamas leaders, and these are really very vivid events that have certain consequences. so far, only iran has refrained from striking israel. what is iran's balanced approach to the situation now? well, i think the key... the key situation that's affecting tehran's behavior right now is the negotiations that are going on to end the gas war, and i think that iran is giving a chance, of course, no, useless, giving a chance to that negotiations to take place, they perfectly understand, at least a significant part of the new presidential team in tehran understands that... the attack on

israel now gives netanyahu a chance to get off the hook and return to a tough policy towards the palestinian issue, so now, if only the stars aligned, the americans need this a deal is desperately needed and the iranians are holding israel. in a state of constant tension and according to the estimates of the same israeli experts, most likely israel cannot and will not be able to repel the blow of an iranian attack without american help, that is, in other words now a lot of factors have coincided, and obviously pezeshkiyan, his team, maybe even aleh menei, as the supreme leader, decided to wait. and in that sense, as i

said, it's not being done in vain, but it 's being done with the hint that negotiations between iran and the united states of america may begin later on settlement and sanctions relief, so i think that the iranians, well at least it is hinted at. if we talk about these negotiations that are taking place in... in qatar, then the president of the united states , joseph biden, warns all parties against disruption of these changes. what are the contacts based on now and what are each of the parties insisting on now? well, it is not known for sure, because the israeli position is not fully understood either, since, as far as i know, there are differences between the position of hamas and the position of israel. israel is now trying

to push a more pro-zhurian position, but instead hamas is demanding that the parties base their agreement on the previous agreements that took place at the beginning of the summer, so it turns out that this is where the main intrigue lies, and here the americans can play a key role. forcing both sides to still accept this deal, which will be in... obviously not to the liking of either israel or hamas. well, in the meantime, palestinian leaders are looking for support where they can afford to look for it, and palestinian president mahmoud abbas visited moscow. it was quite interesting to watch this meeting, at least in the context of its coverage in the russian mass media, as a crazy victory for the russian leader. gave, for example,

the telegraph agency of the soviet union this meeting with mahmud abbas, interesting, interesting, but let's look a little from the other side, what is the palestinian leader looking for now in the russian federation? well, obviously he's looking for support, he's willing to go to anyone, because this is really a very important moment for the future of the palestinian state, that is, while all the actors are warmed up, while... while this issue is on the agenda, while the they say that, then we need to forge iron until, as they said, the gorbachev reconstruction, that is, in this case, i think that the key for the palestinians is not to do everything in order to the palestinian issue was not discussed, but after the gas agreement. on the contrary, it was postponed to a more er

wider discussion and - included it in the agenda and possibly of the future american administration. and other key players, that 's why they actually make these visits, trying to get the support of everyone, everyone they can attract, well, they want to attract not only russia, but also turkey, recep tayyipdogan, turkey, china, the united states of america, if they are ready to join, that is, in fact, the palestinians generally do not care who is down. to solving its issue, the more countries are ready, or are determined to solve the middle east conflict, the better for the palestinians. well, in general, do you now see any conscious way out of the situation in

which the parties have driven themselves, in fact, as israel, we understand, cannot retreat from its chosen path, so... palestine can hardly insist on anything now another, what is the difference from what they usually declare, can the end of this war be as quick as the actual beginning? well, i would rather talk about conflict, because basically, even if we look at this war, the war with hamas, yes, it's just an element of that conflict that's been going on for over 100 years, huh. they are different, different aspects, different possibilities of the parties, and it is clear that a lot will depend on which government will be in israel, so far the existing government is not

ready for any serious concessions, even more, they they are not even ready to hear about the creation of a palestinian state, they essentially rejected the decision about the two state solution and well at least most of the members of the government were actively opposed to the oslo agreements all the time, and it is almost impossible to expect changes, but as i said, the situation is heated and there are too many risks to leave it in a form that does not exist, and it is clear that ... pressure will increase, and that is, as soon as the gas situation begins to devolve, then it will become obvious that the broader issue, that is, that a palestinian state is created, the conditions under which it will be created, the circumstances that will facilitate

its creation, and the security of israel, i i think that all this will be discussed, but it is unlikely that the israelis will be able to maintain the status quo and the situation when... when a large part of the west bank is occupied, continues to be occupied, and is regularly settled with jews in settlements that are built in violation of international law. mr. igor, very briefly, literally one minute, we understand that lebanon and israel regularly exchange rocket attacks, 5 days ago lebanon declared about 30 missiles from the side, or rather. thus, lebanon launches 30 rockets on the territory of israel, today declares that as a result of israeli rocket fire , civilians are being killed in them, should we hope for de-escalation, at least in this direction, in the northern direction from, well, i think so, i

think a large percentage of that in the event of the signing of the gaza agreement and the cessation of the war in gaza, de-escalation of the conflict in the north of israel will also take place. and at least, well, that 's a starting point when we talk about the beginning of this escalation, yes, it started right after the war in gaza started. thank you for the meaningful analysis, ihor simovolos, the director of the center of middle eastern studies, joined the saturday political club, and in a minute the person without whom it is impossible to imagine will appear in our program. vitaly portnikov, wait. vasyl zima's big broadcast. my name is vasyl zima, this is a big broadcast on the espresso tv channel. two hours of air time. two hours of your time. my colleagues and i will talk about the most important things. two hours to learn about the war, about military, frontline, component, serhiy zurets. but what does the world live on? yuriy fizar is already with me and time

talk about what was happening outside of ukraine. yuriy dobrovecher. two hours to keep up with economic news. time to talk about money in wartime. in the hood with me and sports news. before yevhen pastukhov's talk, two hours in the company of favorite presenters about cultural news, alina chechenina, our tv viewer, is ready to say good evening to the presenters, who have become like movrodnidenko to many, and she is ready next to me. about the weather for this weekend, as well as distinguished studio guests. mustafa dzhemilov, the leader of the crimean tatar people, is with us at communication, mr. mustafa, i congratulate you. good day the events of the day in two hours, vasyl zima's big broadcast, a project for the intelligent and those who care. espresso in the evening. journalist who joined the armed forces, political expert who became a special agent, taras berezovyts in a new project on espresso. the real front is a thorough analysis of the main events. reports, comments of leading specialists and experts. analytics from the major of the armed forces.

how to make sense of disturbing news and distinguish truth from hostile propaganda. the real front program with taras berezovets every saturday at 21:30 at espresso. the saturday espresso political club continues. my name is khrystyna yatskiv, and i congratulate vitaly portnikov. congratulations. khrystyna, congratulations, dear viewers, since our last meeting with you , several important events have happened, if we talk about the ukrainian offensive in kurshchyna, firstly, we can now say with confidence that this is a ukrainian offensive, the ukrainian state has recognized its military presence in these sovereign russian territories, and we still do not understand what the final, military goal is, but less so, the successes are actually daily in this direction. also ukraine. announced the creation of administrations in

the currently managed, currently controlled territories, which means that we will be there for a certain time, and we need to deal with, in particular , the population that remains there, ukrainians are discussing what to do with the kuryans, whether it is possible to evacuate them to ukraine, and similar things, mr. vitaly, how do you see the situation in kurshchyna now? well, i think we can talk about the fact that the armed forces of ukraine are trying to gain a foothold in this territory and expand the zone of their control, and obviously also the fact that russia will now try to gather troops in order to knock out ukrainian forces from this territory, there is already a lot of evidence that this is happening, but the question arises again, to what extent the russians will be able to implement this in the coming weeks and even months because given these resources. that the russian federation has, in order to knock out the troops of ukraine from the controlled territories, it is necessary

to redeploy its own armed forces from other directions, which are currently in the focus of the russian military command, and this is not only the donetsk direction, we must remember with you that the troops of the russian federation are located in several directions in ukraine, this is the donetsk direction, where the most intense fighting is going on, and there russia will count... gain control over key positions and continue to develop the offensive for the occupation of the entire territory of the donetsk region, and this is an important task for them, because vladimir putin set before his army to take control of the administrative borders of donetsk region and luhansk region as early as february 2022, let's not forget that this started the so-called special operation, but in addition to this direction, where we are now with great anxiety watching the fate of pokrovsk as a strategic point in donetsk region, there is the kharkiv direction. where quite heavy fighting also continues, where the russians , one way or another, after entering

vovchansk, do not hide their desire to expand this zone of control in the kharkiv region, there is the zaporizhia direction, and we should not forget about it, and there is the kherson direction, i.e. in fact, in ukraine there are four active directions of combat clashes between two enemy armies, and now they are talking about the fact that the zaporizhia, kherson and kharkiv directions, these are the directions from where russia... is trying to redeploy part of its forces to the territory of the kursk region, so, of course, in order not to reduce its ability to hold these territories, or to develop initiatives in these territories, if we are talking about the kharkiv region. of course, the ukrainian military commanders could hope that russia would first of all transfer troops from the donetsk region to the kursk region and thus make it easier for the ukrainian armed forces to resist the russian offensive military according to most military experts. this does not happen, but other directions are also no less important, we are primarily dealing with the stretching of the front,

the stretching of the front is a problem for both sides, and here, of course, it remains beyond our understanding how many ukrainian troops are involved in the kurdish operation and how many russian troops will be gather moscow to try to knock out our military from this zone, well, i don't want to act as a military expert now. however, not even humans those who are familiar with military affairs understand very well that if a foreign army goes somewhere, if it strengthens itself in certain positions, creates engineering fortifications that need to be overcome, then this army may have a smaller number of servicemen behind these fortifications than the army that will advance on foreign positions, and the delay of the russian army in the offensive, the fact that they are forced to gather troops there, and this is already happening for the 11th day, of course, it makes our task easier in the kurt region, that is, we can have not such a large number there

servicemen, these servicemen can expand their zone responsibly. and at the same time, the russians will not be able to knock them out of the occupied positions, because these positions can be reliably fortified, and another important point is that there are facilities there, let's say, which do not allow russia to carry out any active bombing of the territory, i have primarily refers to the gas measuring station of sochi. russia, of course, is interested in ensuring that its transit obligations to european countries are fully fulfilled, and big when they say that we could stop the supply of russian gas now, i apologize, this russian gas is supplied through ukrainian territory. in order to stop the supply of russian gas and freeze europe, we absolutely do not need to go to court, we can do it ourselves, but the paradox of the current situation is that both russia and ukraine, both countries are interested in being

honest, executors, executors of the already reached agreement, for us it is. the question of money for transit, this is a huge amount of money, through in a few months, practically, ukraine will stop receiving them, because the contract between gazprom and naftogaz of ukraine will expire. i understand that both sides, they are not going to continue it further, although there may be some kind of intermediate agreements, but ukraine will also get rid of this money, which was a certain support for our actually already destroyed economy today, and that too. such an important point, regarding how to act there, how to treat the population, here the answer is very simple: yes laws of international law, because all these discussions of the ukrainian population seem quite strange to me, because the citizens of ukraine forget that ukraine is a security protectorate of the civilized world, and the fact that the ukrainian state exists at all on

the political map of the world is the result of actively supporting our efforts with side of the united states and the country. of the european union, if it were not for these efforts, almost the entire territory of ukraine would now be occupied by russia, which has been the bastion of the russian federation for two years in a row. it just needs to be clear to understand, so that no one has any impression that ukraine is capable of defending itself from russia. and, by the way, there is no need to be ashamed of this. ukraine is facing the greatest nuclear power of the modern world, a country with an arsenal of nuclear weapons that can destroy humanity within a few. a country with a population of about 140 million, which in recent years, the putin years, has been preparing its army for active military operations on the territory of foreign countries, because the restoration of the soviet union within the borders of 1991 was, is and will be the main geopolitical the goal of the russian state and the russian people. ukraine was not involved in any of this. ukraine has been destroying its own

armed forces for decades, ukraine did not prepare for the danger from the east, ukraine. pro-russian politicians were elected, who actually destroyed all russian and all ukrainian infrastructure in the east of our country, let's remember these subversive actions that former president viktor yanukovych engaged in, even after 2014, in 2019, ukrainian voters adopted a decision that practically meant a certain stabilization of our military positions in the east countries where there were already russian occupiers, namely the withdrawal of troops, that is, in fact, actually ukrainian... states and the ukrainian people did everything to destroy them, and that is what we are fighting for, i would say to such small political and a security miracle of the 21st century, but this miracle is guaranteed precisely by western support, and it is still a small country with a destroyed economy, frustrated, already occupied on 20% of the territories, 2.5 years, and i

hope it will be another 2.5 years, another 2.5 years, does not allow itself to be destroyed. the country of eurasia, which covers the territory from, now already not from suja, a little further on it already has its own control up to vladivostok, so the fact that the west helps us in the confrontation with this state, the largest state in terms of territory in the world, is great, ugh, and there is nothing to be ashamed of here, but this means that if we are in alliance with nations that honor. international law, and not with states that do not care about international law, then we must respect international law in our protective actions, that's all, as international conventions provide. attitude towards the local population, this is how we should behave an absolutely real thing, if citizens

of the russian federation, which is located on the sovereign territory of the russian federation, let me remind you that this is not ukrainian territory from the point of view of international law, it is russian territory, it is not donetsk region, not luhansk, not crimea, we are completely different there there can be a legal regime for the citizens of the russian federation if we liberate this territory, that is, if they want. to leave this territory, we must provide them with the opportunity to move to the territory where hostilities are not taking place. of course, in this one situation, the best solution would be to open the corridors on the territory of the country whose citizens have them. if there is no such possibility, of course we have to open corridors to them on the territory of ukraine, then this is another matter. ukraine can ensure through the territory of ukraine that these people can get to... the territory of the russian federation, which is not in the war zone , this is a matter of russian-ukrainian agreements, by the way, i will remind you that such agreements were reached even between us and the russians , when citizens from occupied by russia

territories of ukraine, they went there, say, from mariupol, from other populated areas of ukraine, even the russians allowed it with their disrespect for international law, another matter, they arranged some filtering there, it was all shameful, how they behaved, we are so do not behave... we have, although, of course, there is some work to identify possible agents of the russian special services, among that population, let's say, they will cross over to ukrainian territory, there should be and it will be, it is also absolutely obvious, but when it comes to there about women, about children, about the occupier is responsible for the elderly, for the population in the occupied territory, ukraine is the occupier of the territory of the kurt region, so here i can sneak in, can we, that is, i thought about it for a long time. how in what status are we now? purely technically, it turns out that if so, we would have occupied that territory, but, security experts say,

no, we are effectively in control of those territories now at this stage, and that is different from occupation. mr. vitaly, we have lost sound with you, i see what you are saying, but i do not hear you, if we can hear now, yes, if you, if we we control a certain territory, we are creating our own commandant's office there, it is an occupied territory, there is nothing special about it, again, why should we call things by other people's names, like the russians, but the russians are occupying our territory, donetsk, luhansk, kherson, zaporizhzhia regions, crimea , sevastopol, these are territories occupied by russia, they can hold meetings of the state duma of the russian federation, the federation council, send letters to the constitutional court, dance. some russian folk dances on ivanivska square of the kremlin, doing whatever whatever, annex these territories, write them in the russian constitution, write them in

school textbooks, they are still occupied territories, you know, occupied from the point of view of international law. kurt region, from the point of view of international law, is the territory of the russian federation, no, we can exercise effective control over it, however. this is an occupation of the word itself, it cannot be changed. there are different motives for the occupation. the russians occupied our territory because their task is the liquidation of the ukrainian state and annexation ukrainian territories to russia. this is one goal of occupation, as well as annexation. by and large, the russian occupation of ukrainian territories is a step towards annexation. we occupied the territory of the kurdish region in order to reduce the military potential of the army, which carried out aggression against our state. and to afford to reduce the resources and capabilities of the russians on our front. that is, it is a retaliatory occupation.

by the way, i wanted to ask you, but when the allies occupied the territory of germany in 190 there in 44-45, was it an occupation? that's it was called the occupation zone, no security experts called it anything else. soviet, french, british, american zones of occupation, and no one said that it should be called effective control otherwise, so when people start to engage in some euphemisms, because we are good, good are not occupiers, no, good actions are occupiers, the question is simply , for what reason do you occupy, if you occupy the entire territory of the aggressor's country at all, if you have such an opportunity, then this is an occupation for the sake of peace, for the sake of forcing... the country of the aggressor stop your aggressive actions against your country, the result of this occupation may even be the destruction of state institutions in the country of the aggressor, replacing them with your own

occupying ones. gendaturas, as was the case in germany, and the conditions created in the future for holding free elections in the former aggressor country, without the participation of those forces that you consider guilty of aggression. again, there may be quite serious debates as to which legal norms this corresponds to. here, the nurber process does not correspond to any legal norms at all. ugh, there the winners judged the losers. it there were absolutely specific legal norms. special for this process of approval, however , the occupying countries of germany felt that the german courts, which were then created, by the way, to try other lower-level war criminals, could not have jurisdiction to try the leadership of their own country, why? because from the point of view of german law, how can people be tried for the leaders of the country, who have

actual immunity from legal prosecution. which do not violate the laws of this country, but act according to the laws of this country countries, and the laws themselves are criminal, that's why such an idea as the nurberg tribunal was created in occupied germany, it was in occupied germany, in the occupied city of nurberg, you know everything, like in a black room, a black gut with a black person, and here, we are not occupying the territories of the kurdish region, we are creating occupation control bodies, commandant's offices, which will... in fact, their existence will be ensured by the occupation troops, what is the best way to call it? well, call it effective control, whatever you want it doesn't matter whether you are that or not, and why i am trying so hard to prove it, because in this situation, our actions must comply with the norms of international law, and they will comply with the norms of international law, this has already been announced in ukrainian states and state institutions, that that people write in social

networks. just speaks of their, i would say, deep legal infantilism, that they simply think that we can afford what russia affords, first of all, we cannot, because we are a different country, a different civilization, because we have a different attitude towards ordinary people, towards human life, because we understand very well that some grandmother judges that she should not think about war, she is not responsible for the aggressive actions of her own government. own army, the political leadership and military leadership of the russian federation are responsible for their own actions of the army and the government, we can have moral claims against ordinary russians, moral, as people had moral claims against ordinary germans, so no legal responsibility, i would say, any citizen of the russian federation the federation does not carry it, it is carried by people who directly make criminal decisions and carry out criminal actions, then small clarifications, do we have the right... god forbid, god

forbid, to find this moment after the end of the war, to talk about some kind of compensation from the russian federation, where there may no longer be an effective regime, but those russians will end, but those russians who brought this regime to power will remain, excuse me, who you say may not be responsible for its actions, well, that is a completely different thing, if you have control over some country you can impose a reparation regime. then in this situation, of course, you can talk about it, because these are not the actions of ordinary people, you are again, these are the results of the actions of the state, the state made a decision, because the president of russia, vladimir putin, the leadership of the russian federation, they made a criminal decision about aggression against ukraine, about the destruction of ukrainian infrastructure, about the destruction of ukrainian residential areas, the fact that this is a state, if you have the opportunity, i do not think that we will ever have such an opportunity, to have control

over resources and. of such a state, then of course you can demand reparations from this state within the framework of international responsibility, reparations are not paid by a grandmother from suja or a grandmother from kursk. reparation is paid by the state at the expense of its taxpayers. of course, in such and such a situation, people are responsible for the crimes of their state because their taxes do not go to their social needs, not to the construction of sports centers, not even to the creation of new tanks, planes and missiles, which will be possible. to destroy ukrainian territory, to pay reparations. after the first world war, reparations were imposed on germany by the allies who won the war, the expiration of which, i think, should have happened only in the 80s and 90s of the 20th century, that is, if there had been no second world war war, the germans would pay reparations for many years to come.