120 mm mortars, what about this segment of weapons? well, i will say that if we don't need something in this plan, that which goes along the lines of the ministry of defense, we will complete the requests, that is , we will demand, to say on the air that we are missing something, well, you understand, everything is fine, there is something to kill , but if you look at the map of that region, then for a long time it is our brigade that holds the front line and... the enemy is not advancing there, the enemy is not advancing there, yes, there are certain threats there now, well let’s say there is a moment of threat, well, again, i'll say that well, the command sees it all, we trust the command today, no matter what, no matter who wrote there, everything is fine with us, subordination works, and why so, because well, we see how they also work, that is, this not just an indication there. and somewhere went

to the side, no, this is a direct, constant experience, and well, quickly, knowing the situation, i think that if you ask our general now, including asking where, what is happening, how many people, what position he is in, he will report it. about such a method of countermeasures as remote mining, so that the enemy does not have the opportunity to move there, is it carried out by your units? are there any robotic platforms used for this, any technological solutions there that reduce the burden on our fighters, but make life difficult for the enemy, we also have ground-based drones that use it, well , let’s say something else and something else, which is not i would like to talk on the air, that is, just like that, the enemy will not have anything, he will simply take it and leave, oh and i am speaking now purely for our brigade, we constantly use it in ours. regarding

fortification, is it possible at all, in conditions where the enemy constantly carries out artillery fire there and uses cabs, somehow in such conditions to strengthen their fortifications, as far as possible, well, regarding the constructions of their own and spare firing points and there the secrets of the riv and so on, we were constantly engaged in this, it was from kherson and also continued in the east of ukraine. this is the job, our engineers are also working 24 hours a day, that is, we are not, well, there is no such thing as just sitting and waiting for someone to come and do something for us, but there are opportunities for this , for example, communication with local authorities, with territorial communities that help us in this in various materials, and we are constantly working, no matter what, even if there is an enemy tomorrow... that we are there,

let's say, cease fire and so on, we still have to be with them, we have to be always ready for war, this is such a neighbor of ours, such an enemy, and finally i would like to ask about how the replenishment of your brigade is carried out, because we see information that you have opened another recruiting center, which directs its efforts to pick up those fighters that are needed for the brigade, how does this process work , what are the intermediate results, then? we opened in kyiv, in the city of lviv, lviv, vinnytsia, but in ternopil, there is already, that means, where the recruitment was announced, so i will say that the goal of this recruiting is not just to catch people somewhere there, but on the contrary to give clarifications, that is, in the first place, these are people who are still wavering, to encourage them so that they learn more.

we have a positive attitude towards the fact that if we agree with a person that a person falls into that specialty, where he can bring more and be useful, and not to catch a person, to put the force there, no, there is no such thing, close interaction with the tkk, absolutely with understanding, this issue is being resolved very quickly, so i will say this: whoever did not have time to join today, or for some reason did not have the opportunity, then today there is a chance, let's say, to keep up. from that moment on, don't be afraid of it and don't wait for that rocket to fly towards you and, god forbid , destroy something or hurt someone, you have to take action today, the more of us there are at the front, the sooner we will end this war with victory. mr. serhiy, thank you very much for the inclusion, for what you and your comrades are doing to protect our country, let me remind you that it was serhiy tsekhotskyi, an officer of the 59th separate motorized infantry brigade of yakov handziuk, for whom... we are holding a gathering together with with

a public organization and we hope that our broadcast will also help raise funds for the brigade to purchase to... which will destroy the enemy. these were the main military results of this era. and then vasyl zima will continue the broadcast. so stay tuned to espresso channels. thanks to serhii zghorets, thanks to his guest. we continue, i will introduce a unique guest in just a moment, really, don't even think about going anywhere from your tv screens. and it will be a very interesting conversation. moreover, in connection with today's holiday, the day of the national flag of ukraine, but first of all, i want to call you to join the collection for the needs of the armed forces of ukraine. the espresso tv channel and the vesna charitable foundation opened a fundraiser for the purchase of modern drones and electronic warfare systems

for the third separate assault brigade, as well as the 110th and 47th brigades of the armed forces of ukraine. the defenders in the donetsk direction every day hold back enemy attacks, defend our freedom and future. these are the soldiers. to the last, they defended the avdiiv direction in the spring. the brigades are in urgent need of flying weapons and modern means of combating the ukrainians drones our goal is unchanged at 3.5 million hryvnias, and each of your donations is important, join in, you can see all the details on your screen. well, while you donate, we will listen and watch. so oleksandr zinchenko is with us, a writer, historian, publicist, author of social language programs. congratulations, hello, eh, the day of the national flag, i read this morning , first of all, there was a key question, to which there were a lot of answers, and why august 23 is the day of the flag, and there were such amazing answers, i

read, i will not them to voice, i just want to to hear your opinion, is there any historical basis for believing that, well , this day should be this holiday and no other, well, in fact, many days ... could be the day of the national flag, starting from that july day, july 26 in 1990, when the first blue-yellow flag appeared over kyiv, it was again a huge demonstration, a mass manifestation, and before that there would have been many ghosts of others in order to say that this is it, for example, it could be called the day of the national flag, because the blue-yellow flag appears in the story that i describe in the book, for example. as the ukrainians also destroyed the empire of evil, in this story it appears approximately like an avalanche, i.e. blue-yellow flags, blue-yellow colors become more, more and more, i.e. we will be there now gradually almost there or every week or in

a week or so once a month to mention various events that will bring us closer to the 35th anniversary of ukrainian independence, because it will be 35 years in september. and the first founding congress of the movement, and then, for example, the police tried to take away blue and yellow flags from people, break them these poles, to take away, again to tear these blue and yellow flags, it was not yet possible, so to speak, to do this absolutely freely, in chernivtsi, at the end of september 1990, in 1989, people, during the chervona rotu festival, just under they brought blue and yellow flags with their clothes, and... during those performances that evoked the most emotions in them, they unfurled these flags, and it was very impressive, also what is not the day of the national flag in this sense, especially since it is under during the time of the red route, for the first time , ukrainian television also broadcast the national anthem not dead ukraine, when vasyl

zhdankin, eduard drach and viktor morozov impromptu came out and sang, again impromptu at their final concert, in... november 19 , 1989, during the burial of stusa lytvyn and tykh, a whole demonstration already passed through all of kyiv. photo winter and here is this big , huge column. well, in the end of january 1990, the chain of unity and all the flags after that hovered over the whole country. that is, in fact, it was possible to choose many more such dates than these. i can't not to ask this question, because again today i saw a lot of people writing about our flag, they remember the heroes who gave their lives for it and the heroes of the past and the heroes of the not-so-distant past and of this war, the decade there is 11 years, which continues, but the question is what who

actually manipulate, so, well, where did the blue-yellow come from, where are the rurikovs, or the kiev princes, the point is not what color should be from above? what color should be from the bottom, i don't know if you studied heraldry separately, but that's the question, i'm saying, what will they be to manipulate, probably as long as it exists, i don't see any sense in it, because under the flag that we... now have, it simply did not have the symbolism that overrides any heraldic rules, even in the last 10 years, but if our viewers will want to know more about it, i am just ready to redirect to the article of andrii hrychyl, he is probably one of the most influential, most famous ukrainian heraldists and vexicologists, he wrote on our historical truth, i am also a co-founder of this resource, on historical truth has a text about where he simply analyzes all conceivable and

unimaginable versions, as to why exactly the order that is adopted today is the most relevant and the most consistent with both rules and tradition, well, in the end, with the history we lived in recent years well, actually, on the day of the flag, today, tomorrow is the day of independence of ukraine, and we are moving. to this conversation, because there are many nuances here, which you can definitely read in alexander's book, how the ukrainians destroyed the evil empire, the evil empire, alexander, you rise up, show me the book, please, i was at the presentation back in lviv and it was very interesting to listen to the author, even more interesting, not more interesting, but just as interesting to read, and the day of independence, here it is, how they destroyed the evil empire, and i am like this i will ask a question, could everything go wrong? otherwise, as they say, they didn’t destroy the evil empire, well, actually, well, it’s

a bit of a joke when we say whether the ukrainians destroyed the evil empire, again all, i send all responsibility for this thesis to stanislav stanislavovich shushkevich and to president of the united states ronald reagan, well, stanislav shushkevich, the first leader of the independent white people. he was the head of the verkhovna rada of the byelorussian ssr, yes, so that’s why i had such a rather comical episode with him, because i had him carelessly, i had him, i thanked him for actually collapsing the ussr, i say, thank you collapsed the ussr, he says, mr. oleksandr, i was in the second or third roles in this story, in fact, the ukrainians and kravchuk collapsed the ussr, and then he told me for about half an hour why he thinks so, and how it happened. actually, it was huge, well, but i took it again,

as a kind of intellectual provocation, as a title, well, of course, the evil empire is also a quote, and it is about how the ussr was called by ronald reagan, the president of the united states of america, so again, complaints to these honorable people, and not to me, when they ask, but what was destroyed, well , in fact, the empire of evil, that is... the ussr was destroyed, now we still need to put an aspen ring into that zombie who rose from the grave, well, but this will be the next book, i think about it less than the topics, obviously, the processes took place in such a way that the ussr was collapsing, and the cia reports also spoke about this, again recently quite a lot of such reports were published, they again then spoke about the fact that in the medium-term perspective. will not exist in the boundaries in which everyone is used to them, because they considered several scenarios

of the possible development of the situation, four scenarios, one of which predicted vlas, but i'm sorry, because i read this opinion many times, i again can't i neither to confirm nor to deny, but they said that allegedly in the usa, there is literally in favor a few months before the collapse of the soviet union, in a report specifically on eastern europe and the soviet union , experts said that the plus-minus of the ussr. can exist, it can exist for another 20 years, and the americans allegedly made a mistake in their assessments, in this particular report, which i am referring to now, it was published on june 27 , 1991, that is, two months before ukraine declared independence, and after essence before the collapse of the soviet union, it was said that they expect the ussr to cease to exist in that essence and in those borders, in which it existed, in the medium-term perspective of 5-6 years, yes. that is, in the end, i understand that this was the general opinion of the american establishment, because in the end,

when george bush, the senior president of the united states of america, came to kyiv on august 1, 1991, he tried to somehow warn ukrainians against disintegration, from collapse of the soviet union, and actually in this, in this speech of kotlet in the kyiv chicken kyiv speech, or it can be translated as the speeches of the kyiv coward, there's a mess. again in english, then actually george bush senior, he tried to somehow warn against suicidal nationalism and called for... to help gorbachev rebuild democracy, create new conditions, carry out economic transformations, that is, in fact, in reality, the united states of america did not expect the rapid collapse of the soviet union, in fact, this created this ironic context for of this story, but i must say that

in reality the collapse of the soviet union was not expected by the fathers of our independence in such terms as it happened, because i asked... at least several members of parliament from of the people's council and asked, if you were told on december 31, 1990, that the next time you will be raising new year's glasses in independent ukraine, what would you do, what would you say? the answer in general was that , obviously, we expected ukraine to become independent, but we also expected that... we still have quite a lot of work to do, that we will have five to six years there, that is, in principle, their assessment coincided with the estimates of the cia that ukraine should have become independent somewhere in the 95th, sixth, seventh years, but such were the estimates again of the parents of our independence sometime in the late 90s, and who accelerated this nuclear reaction, let's

say, and the problem here is that in most cases, when such large systems collapse. at the beginning, they fall apart very little noticeably, that is , the economic track can be analyzed there for hours, again, the dynamics of public sentiments, at first certain, let’s say, brittle zones are formed, which grow, grow, grow, it is very reminiscent there, for example, a cancerous tumor in a certain moment, but we don't know where in which place, where is this particular hole, so to speak, where will it break through, where will it not begin, let's say so . the accumulation of some system errors, and when this system, this slab, the dam breaks through again, and as a result, everything will change into such a format, well, a domino effect, when everything is already pouring down in a row and everything already indiscriminately, that is, in fact, it accumulated very much, a lot of economic problems were accumulating, a lot of

social problems were accumulating, there was ultimately a huge amount of lies and injustice. and that's how it all turned out, that's it again, if we had a little more time there, there was georgia, there was lithuania, executions, a television center, economic blockades, there were other countries of central asia, where there were their own processes, but simply ukraine really put an end to this history, for sure, well, actually, if we talk about the point, then yes, after all the events of december 1, 1991, that is, the ukrainians voted for everyone, i remind you so unobtrusively that on march 17, 1991 in... the ussr held a referendum for the preservation of the ussr, for, well and the majority voted for a renewed soviet union, but again, when it comes to that about the referendum, for so to speak, that the entire ussr ceased to exist, then there was only one, and it was held only in ukraine, that is , ukrainians decided for everyone, and for belarus, and

for russians, and for the residents of kazakhstan and other republics of the soviet union , that is... after, again, there was such a coordinate system in moscow, and, again, this also applied to party nomenclature workers, and there such hard-nosed, hard-nosed orthodox and democrats, that is, from kryuchkov to yeltsin through gorbachev, that without ukraine the ussr cannot exist. it is clear that on december 1, 90% of ukrainians voted for 19.32% of ukrainians. ukrainian independence, accordingly, the ussr could not exist in this coordinate system, and then kravchuk's work in the biloveskaya pushcha was simply wonderful, when again the answer to the fact that yeltsin put before him the text of the union treaty, which he promised gorbachev to put before kravchuk and to say that you can change anything here,

just sign. kravchuk explained that no, i will not sign it, he found arguments. as explain exactly that? yeltsin simply had no arguments left and they were forced to start writing beloveske beloveske agreements, in which the preamble again began with the phrase that this entity geopolitically ceased to exist? yes, here the question is that maybe yeltsin wanted it somewhere, but on the other hand, well, it ’s not that kind of... conspiracy, well, but thoughts about the fact that there were obviously hopes for yeltsin, as a person who, well, obviously also lived all the time in this soviet empire, i thought that maybe we would all come back later. was there is this formation, which was called the commonwealth of independent states, but you see, all this eventually led to war, and i cannot but ask a question, and now the ukrainian

armed forces are conducting combat operations on the territory of the aggressor country, well, actually they brought the war to our country, they are receiving it now on the territory of their state, one cannot obviously overestimate, one cannot underestimate, but it is certain that since the second world war on the territory of the russian federation and the troops of another. states did not enter, and the ukrainians have done it now. i lead to the fact that this is what crawled out of the grave, about which you said, zombie, this, which is putin's russia, and the ukrainians, in the temporary such, in the temporal perspective, will be able to help, i will not say that we have everyone there to destroy, no, help, maybe russia, such a putinist simply perish from... in fact, again, the most for the russian federation to collapse, the most efforts, the biggest decisions that are necessary for this were made by putin himself, that is, such a number

of mistakes, which was accepted, it will gradually collapse the russian one in the end federation, in principle, back in the 14th year, when the russian aggression began, i predicted that some processes would take place similar to those that took place before 1991. some will happen in a different way, but actually i was surprised that a very large number of economic processes that are happening today for different reasons than back then in 1991, they are actually very close to what happened then, because my the logic was that the russian economy today is still closer to free market economy than what was in the ussr in the last years of its existence. even there the 88th 9th 90th, 91th years, and the problem is that, any economy is market, it is more adaptive, that is, it

reacts faster to those changes that are happening around, that is, it is more adaptive, it can react faster, because the soviet economy, the command economy, is such a big brontosaurus, there the tyrannosaurus has already bitten off half the tail of this brontosaurus, it is still moving, it still has even... the information did not reach the brain of its small brain, so that he realized that the tail is already practically absent, relatively speaking, then he begins to react that his tail is missing, so, and his leg is already being bitten off, well, that is, it worked approximately in this way, now the situation is still a little different, but if we analyze macroeconomic indicators, which again today we have in the russian federation, surprisingly, they have the same problem with aa, for example, with those processes. which relate to covering the budget deficit, that is, relatively speaking, in the ussr it was a story about tanks, grain and petrodollars, petrodollars became fewer,

tanks on the contrary, they blinked like fools, there were 64 thousand tanks in the ussr at the time of its collapse, in my native kharkiv , the malyshevo plant produced 800 tanks every year, that is, it was simply absolutely crazy money, agriculture was completely ineffective, it was necessary... to buy this grain for dollars in the states or in canada in order to feed people, that is, in other words, we are now observing that very similar processes are taking place in the russian federation, militarization is increasing, petrodollars have doubled less compared to what it was 10 years ago, for example, yes, agriculture is becoming inefficient because they will not provide it, they were importing all these things there, i am so very quickly the territory, because it is really. we recently analyzed at the kyiv school of public administration, for three hours, just one case with the

changes that were taking place, why the soviet economy began to limp so much and what is happening now in the russian economy, that is, in fact, there is much more of this kind now is happening, that is, i did not expect how similar it would be. processes in the macroeconomics will take place, and this is only one part, that is, this part is, let's say this, again, public attitudes, they will also change, they will again follow economic changes, the question is justice, the question is again, in the end, well, the russian federation, in principle, is predictable in the sense that as soon as the russian federation, well, in any of its guises, the russian empire in some other form begins to play small victorious war then very quickly, when again it turns out that it is not so small and not so victorious, a revolution begins, that is, it happened after the japanese war at the beginning of the 20th century, it happened with

the soviet union after the afghan war, that is, in other words, next year, we must somehow explain to the russians why kyiv lasts three years in three days, why again, on the eightieth anniversary of the great victory, all dignitaries from the former anti-hitler coalition congratulate the kyiv regime, which nazi and so on and so on and so on, that is, all this... all this idiotic propaganda, it is gradually, gradually , slowly, slowly, gradually, and next year we will see the beginning of the political and economic bankruptcy of the russian federation, somewhere at the beginning of the 26th year, most likely there will be opportunities for that , in order to, well, let's say, end this war on fair terms. i will literally give us two minutes, but i want

to... put, because you, well, people who know a lot from the past have the opportunity to analyze it all, somewhere they probably have such a task, to form a vision of the future, this the problem is that what will the world be like without russia? i will ask this question now, and the west does not understand how to live without russia, and this is a problem, because we do not know how, well, somehow we lived later without the persian empire, without the roman empire, without , well, in general, without all those empires without british but i want differently, i will ask, do you see what the role of ukraine will be after the war, because i understand that it will also change, i think that we can talk about this for the next two hours, yes, well, in one word , we spend the next two hours talking about this, i’m sorry my colleagues, no, but in a few words, is ukraine, well, is there an understanding of this to prepare for its new role, that is, that it will definitely not be just such an agrarian state with some innovations, but

that’s how it will be, no , it will definitely be different. obviously, ukraine will become different, ukraine is changing, but again, i'm just afraid to even start talking about this topic, because the seconds we have left on the air before the news, i'm afraid, just won't be enough even for at least a little, at least not at all, not at all, but we recently conducted a foresight together with the ukrainian peacekeeping school, and the forecast is... surprisingly, surprisingly optimistic, that is, despite the fact that we sat down to start it, it is a forecast of people who, as they say, think, have certain facts and know how to analyze and build a vision, yes, i hope so, we have a minute there, but i also have a question, you know, and there are still two minutes, but imagine the year 91, even there is not a proclamation, but let's take a referendum, when, you know, this the poster is big, ukraine is leaving

the ussr, is it there then... ussr is written, no i already remember, but i wonder if back then, well, i was 13 years old then, i don't know, i'm a year older, yes, so it's hard for me now to say what i was thinking back then, but if i were to say now, which way will have to go through, and i wonder if those people who voted then, well , they probably didn't understand all this yet, or did they understand, sometimes it's better not to know your future when you take the next steps, because in the end you... when, for example, you transfer to ocean, it is better not to think about how many kilometers of water are under you, and the main thing is that it will hold you, well, you have to swim further, and all together we must reach those shores, in fact, for the sake of which we embarked on this journey in the struggle, which has been so long for our independence, in the struggle that continues, but viktor andriovych yushchenko told me, recently we recorded an interview with him, he said, that, but the issue of independence is already closed, ukraine

has not lost. historian and author of public broadcasting programs, and by the way, i encourage you to buy the book how ukrainians destroyed the empire of evil, or to follow the movements of alexander, there may be presentations somewhere, because it is also very interesting to listen, well, actually, to ask questions, to listen, to be at the presentation, because it is important, you know, we always do... historians of the past, who were once, we should not appreciate those historians who work today and write this history for us, as they say, hot, it's very cool, thank you very much, and literally in a moment the news is on the big air, good evening, we are from ukraine, and so, let's start, two residents of antonivka were injured as a result of enemy shelling in kherson oblast.