that is, it is not just that he gave an order there and somewhere went to the side, no, it is a direct, constant experience, and well, quickly, knowing the situation, i think that everyone likes our general now, that includes asking where, what is happening, how many people , in which position he is, he will report it. regarding such a method of countermeasures as remote mining, so that the enemy does not have the opportunity to move there, or? is this done by your units, are there any robotic platforms used there, any there technological solutions that reduce the burden on our fighters, but make life difficult for the enemy. yes, we also have ground-based drones that use it, and what, let’s say, and something else that we would not like to talk about on the air, that is, the enemy will simply not be anywhere, he will just take what and go, oh, and this is me, i am speaking now purely for our sake. brigade, we

constantly use it in our work on fortification, is it even possible in conditions when the enemy constantly carries out artillery fire there, uses cabs, somehow in such a way, in such conditions , to strengthen our fortifications as much as possible, well, regarding the constructions of our own and spare fire points and there secrets of various and so on, we were constantly engaged in this, and this was also from kherson. and it also continued in the east of ukraine, this work, our engineers also work around the clock, that is, we do not, well , there is no such thing as just sitting and waiting for someone to come and do something for us, but there are some opportunities for this, well, let's say communication there with local authorities, with territorial communities that we they help with this in various materials, and we also constantly work, no matter what, even if... the enemy there

would announce tomorrow that we are, say, ceasing fire and so on, we still have to with them, we must always be ready for war, this is our neighbor, this is our enemy, and finally, i would like to ask about how your brigade is replenished, because we see information that you have opened another recruiting center, which directs its efforts to select, well, those fighters who are needed for the brigade, how does this process take place, what is the interval. the results, that is, we opened in kyiv, in the city of lviv, vinnytsia, here, in ternopil, that is, it already means, where the recruitment was announced, so i will say that the goal of this recruiting is not just to catch people somewhere there, and, on on the contrary, to give an explanation, that is, in the first place, these are people who are always fluctuating there. them so that they

learn more and take responsibility for the fact that, if we agree with a person, that a person gets into the specialty where he can best to bring and be useful, and not to catch a person, to put force there, no, there is no such thing, close interaction with the tsc, absolutely with understanding, the issue is resolved very quickly, so i will say this, who has not yet managed to join today or there for some reason, i was not able to, then today... there is a chance, let's say, not to lag behind that moment and not to be afraid of it, and not to wait for the same rocket to fly towards you, and god forbid it destroys something, or someone is harmed there , must be taken today, the more of us there are at the front, the sooner we will end this war victory mr. serhiy, thank you very much for the inclusion, for what you and your comrades are doing to protect our country, let me remind you that it was serhiy tsekhotskyi, an officer of the 59th separate motorized infantry. yakov handziuk's brigade, for which

we are collecting together with a public organization, and we hope that our broadcast will also help raise funds for the brigade to purchase drones that will destroy the enemy. these were the main military results of this day, then vasyl zzema will continue the broadcast, so stay tuned to the espresso channel. i thank serhii zgurets, i thank him to the guest, we continue, i will literally introduce a unique guest in a moment, really, don't even think about going anywhere from your tv screens, it will be a very interesting conversation, especially in connection with today's holiday, the day of the national flag of ukraine, but first above all, i want to urge you to join the collection for the needs of the armed forces of ukraine. the espresso tv channel and the vesna charitable fund opened a fundraiser for... the purchase of modern

drones and electronic warfare systems for the third separate assault brigade, as well as the 110th and 47th brigades of the armed forces of ukraine. the defenders in the donetsk direction every day hold back enemy attacks and defend ours. freedom and the future, it was these soldiers who stood to the last and defended the avdiiv direction in the spring, the brigades urgently need flying weapons and modern means of countering enemy drones. our goal is unchanged at uah 3.5 million, and each of your donations is important, join in, you can see all the details on your screen. well, while you donate, we will listen and watch. so, oleksandr zinchenko is with us, a writer, historian, publicist. author of public broadcasting programs, congratulations, hello, er, the day of the national flag, i read it this morning, well, first of all there was a key question, to which there were a lot of answers, and why august 23 is the day of the flag,

and there were such amazing ones, i read, i i will not voice them, i just want to hear your opinion, are there any historical grounds for believing that this holiday should be on this particular day and no other way? well, in fact , many days could be the day of the state flag, starting from that july day, july 26, 1990, when the flag appeared over kyiv the first blue and yellow flag, it was again a huge demonstration, a mass manifestation, and before that again there were many other examples to say that this, for example, could be called the day of the national flag, because blue -yellow flag, it appears in history. which i, for example, describe in the book, how the ukrainians also destroyed the empire of evil, in this story it appears, approximately like an avalanche, that is , blue-yellow flags, blue-yellow colors become more, more and more, that is, we

will now gradually there is almost everyone there week or in a week or once a month to mention various events that will bring us closer to the 35th anniversary of ukrainian independence, because here are three... 35 years in september will be the first founding congress of the movement, and then, for example, blue-yellow flags, the police tried to take them from people, break these poles, take away, again tear these blue and yellow flags, it was not yet possible to do this absolutely freely, so to speak, in chernivtsi, at the end of september 1990, in 1989, people under during the festival, red mouths were simply worn under the clothes of blue and yellow. flags and during those performances that evoked the most emotion in them, they unfurled these flags, and it was very effective, also because it is not the day of the national flag in this sense, especially since it was during the red route that for the first time ukrainian television was broadcast and the national anthem

was not yet dead ukraine, when vasyl zhdankin, eduard drach and viktor morozov impromptu came out and sang, again impromptu at the final concert. them, on november 19 , 1989, during the reburial of stus lytvyn and tykh, a whole demonstration already passed through all of kyiv. the photo is winter and this one is big a huge column, and in the end, in january 1990, the chain of unity and all the propers after that loomed over the whole country, that is , in fact, such dates could be chosen much more than one. i can't help but ask this question, because again , i saw today a lot of people write about our flag, and remember the heroes who gave their lives for it and the heroes of the past and the heroes of the recent past and of this war, the decade there is the 11th year , which continues, but the question is which

ones are actually being manipulated, which means, well, from where it started, blue and yellow, where are the rurikovs, or kiev princes, the point is not that. what color should be on top, what color should be on the bottom, i don't know if you studied heraldry separately, but that's the question, i'm saying, what will be manipulated, probably, how many will exist, i don't see any sense in this, because under the flag that we have now, even in the last 10 years, it simply did not have the symbolism that overrides any heraldic rules, but if our viewers want to know more about it, i am just ready to redirect to andrei's article hrychyla, this is... probably one of the most influential, most famous ukrainian heraldists and vexicologists, he wrote on our historical truth, i am also a co-founder of this resource, on historical truth there is a text about where he simply analyzes

all conceivable and unthinkable versions of why exactly the order adopted today is the most relevant and the most. corresponds to both the rules and the tradition, and in the end, the history that we have lived in recent years. actually, on the day of the flag, today, tomorrow is the day of independence. of ukraine and we are moving on to this conversation, because there are many nuances here, which you can definitely read in alexander's book, how the ukrainians destroyed the evil empire, the evil empire, alexander, you pick it up, show the book, please, yes, i was at the presentation in lviv, and it is very interesting to listen to the author, even more interesting, not more interesting, but just as interesting to read, and independence day is here, as they destroyed the evil empire, and i will put it this way. question, but could everything have gone differently, as they say, and the evil empire would not have been destroyed, well,

actually, well, this is a bit of a joke, when we we say whether the ukrainians destroyed the evil empire, again the whole, i send all responsibility for this thesis to stanislav stanislavovich shushkevych and to the president of the united states ronald reagan, well stanislav shushkevych is the president of belarus. the first leader of independent belarus, he was the chairman of the verkhovna rada of the byelorussian ssr, yes, that is why i had such a rather comical episode with him, because i had his imprudence, i had him, i thanked him for actually collapsing the ussr, i say, thank you for collapsing the ussr, he says, mr. oleksandr, i was in this story in the second, third roles, in fact, the ukrainians and kravchuk destroyed the ussr. and then he told me for about half an hour why he thinks so and how it happened. in fact, it was

huge, but i took it again as a kind of intellectual provocation as a title, well, of course, the evil empire is also a quote, and it is about how the ussr was called by ronald reagan, the president of the united states of america, so that again, claims to these honorable people, and not to me, when asked, a that they destroyed, well... really the empire of evil, that is, the ussr was destroyed, now we still need to put the aspen ring into that zombie who rose from the grave, well, but that will be the next book, i think about it, less about that. it is obvious that the processes took place in such a way that the ussr was collapsing, and the reports of the cia also spoke about this, again, quite a lot of such reports were published recently, they again spoke about... that in the medium-term perspective of the ussr will not exist in those borders in which everyone before them

got used to, because they considered several scenarios of the possible development of the situation, four scenarios, one of which predicted their own, but i 'm sorry, because i read this opinion many times, i, again, i can neither confirm nor deny, but they said that allegedly in the u.s. , just a few months before the collapse of the soviet union, experts said in a report on eastern europe about the soviet union that plus... minus the ussr could exist, it could exist for another 20 years, and the americans were allegedly mistaken in their assessments. in this particular report, which i am now recalling, it was published on june 27, 1991, that is , two months before ukraine declared independence, and in fact before the collapse of the soviet union, it said that they expected the ussr to cease to exist in essence and in those borders in which it existed in the medium term. in the perspective of five or six years, uh, that is, in the end, i understand that this was also the general opinion

of the american establishment, because in the end, when on august 1, 1991, george bush, the senior president of the united states of america, came to kyiv, he tried to somehow warn ukrainians against the disintegration, the disintegration of the soviet union, and actually in this speech by kotlet in the kyiv chicken speech, or it can be translated as the speech of a kyiv coward, those couple of words, again in english, actually george bush sr., he tried to somehow warn against suicidal nationalism and called to help gorbachev rebuild democracy, create new conditions, carry out economic transformations, that is, in fact, in the united states of america, no expected the rapid collapse of the soviet union, actually. it created this ironic context for this story, but i have to say that

in reality the disintegration of the soviet union was not expected by the fathers of our independence in such terms as it happened, because i asked at least several members of parliament from the people's council and asked if you 31 in december 1990 , they said that next time you will raise new ones. glasses in independent ukraine, what would you do, what would you say? the answer in general was that obviously we expected that ukraine will become... independent, but we also expected that there was still quite a lot of work ahead of us, that we would have five to six years there, that is, in principle, their estimates coincided with the cia's estimates that ukraine should have become independent somewhere there in the 1995th, sixth, and seventh years, these were the assessments again of the very fathers of our independence somewhere at the end

of the 1990s, who accelerated this nuclear reaction, let's say, and here the problem is simply that in most ... when such large systems collapse, they collapse very little at first, that is, the economic track can be analyzed there for hours, again the dynamics of public sentiments, first certain, let's say, fragility zones are formed, which grow, grow, grow, it is very similar there, for example, a cancerous tumor in a certain moment, but we do not know where in where is this particular hole, so to speak, where will it break through, where will it begin... no longer, let's say, the slow accumulation of some systemic errors, but when again this system, this dam, this dam again will break through, and as a result, everything will go into format such, well, a domino effect, when everything is already pouring down in a row and everything already indiscriminately, that is , in fact, it accumulated very much, a

lot of economic problems accumulated, a lot of social problems accumulated, it was the end. that huge amount of lies and injustice, and here it all turned out, but again, if we had a little more time there, there was georgia, there was lithuania, shootings, a tv center, an economic blockade, there were other countries of central asia, where there were their own processes, but it's just that ukraine really delivered here, well probably a dot in this story, well, actually, if we talk about a dot, then yes, after all the events of december 1, 1991, that is, ukrainians voted for everyone, i remind you so unobtrusively that... in march 1991, a referendum was held in the ussr for the preservation of the ussr, for, well, the majority voted for the renewed soviet union, but again, when it comes to the referendum, for, so to speak, that the entire ussr ceased to exist, there was only one, and

it was held only in ukraine, that is, ukrainians decided for everyone, and for belarus, and for russians, and for the residents of kazakhstan and others. republics of the soviet union, i.e. after, once again, such a system of coordinates existed in moscow, and again, this also applied to party nomenclature workers, and there such hard-headed, hard-nosed orthodox and democrats, i.e. from kryuchkov to yeltsin through gorbachev, that the ussr cannot exist without ukraine. it is clear that on december 1, 90% of ukrainians, 90.32% of ukrainians voted. but for ukrainian independence, accordingly, the ussr could not exist in this coordinate system, well , the work of kravchuk in bialoveskaya pushcha, when again the answer to the fact that yeltsin put in front of him the text of the alliance agreement, which he promised gorbachev to put in front of kravchuk and to say

that you can change anything here, just sign it. kravchuk explained that no, i will not ... sign it, found arguments, how exactly to explain it, yeltsin simply had no arguments left, and they were forced to start writing belarus, belarus agreements, in which such preambles began again from the phrase that this entity geopolitically ceased to exist, so here the question is that it is possible that yeltsin wanted it somewhere, but on the other hand, well, this is not conspiracy theory, but thoughts about the fact that there were obviously hopes for yeltsin, as a person who, well, obviously also lived all the time in the empire this soviet union and thought that maybe we will all return, then there was this formation called the commonwealth of independent states, but you see, all this eventually led to war, and i cannot but ask

a question, and now the ukrainian armed forces are conducting combat operations on the territory of the country, the aggressor, well, actually they... brought the war to our country, they are receiving it now on the territory of their state, here one cannot obviously overestimate, one cannot avoid underestimating, but it is certain that since the second world war the territory of the russian federation and the troops of another state have not entered, and the ukrainians have done it now, i lead to the fact that this is what crawled out of the grave, about which you said, this zombie, which is putin's russia, and the ukrainians will be able to help in such a temporary perspective, i will not say that we should destroy everyone there, no , help, maybe russia, that putin. just to die with, well, again, in fact , the biggest thing for the russian federation to collapse, the biggest efforts , the biggest decisions that are necessary for this were made

by putin himself, that is, the number of mistakes that were made, it will eventually gradually collapse the russian federation, i in principle, back in the 14th year, when the russian aggression began, he predicted that some processes would take place similar to those that took place. before 91, some will happen in a different way, but actually i was surprised that a very large number economic processes that are happening today for different reasons than back then in 1991, they are actually very close to what was happening then, because my logic was that the russian economy today is still closer to a free market economy , than what was in... in the ussr in the last years of its existence, even there in the 88th, 9th, 90th, 91st years, and the problem is that, uh, whatever - a

market economy is more adaptive, that is, it reacts more quickly to the changes taking place around it, that is, it is more adaptive, it can react faster, because the soviet economy is a command economy, it is such a big brontosaurus, there the tyrannosaurus has already bitten off half the tail of this brontosaurus, and... it is still moving, it still has information to its brain, its small brain has not reached so that he realized that the tail is already practically absent, yes, relatively speaking, then he begins to react that he does not have a tail, yes, and his leg is already bitten off, well, that is, it worked approximately in this way, now the situation is still a little different, but if we analyze macroeconomic indicators, which again today we have in the russian federation, surprisingly, they have the same problem with... for example, with those processes related to covering the budget deficit, that is, relatively speaking, in the ussr, it was a story about tanks, grain and petrodollars, petrodollars

became less, tanks on the contrary, they blinked like fools, there were 64 thousand tanks in the ussr at the time of its collapse, in my native kharkiv , the malyshevo plant produced 800 tanks every year, that is, it was simply absolutely crazy money, rural. the economy was absolutely ineffective and had to buy this grain for dollars in the states or canada to feed people. that is, in other words, we are now observing that very similar processes are taking place in the russian federation, militarization is increasing, oil dollars have halved compared to what it was 10 years ago, for example, yes, agriculture is becoming inefficient because they it was not provided, they were engaged in the import of all these things there, i did so very quickly. because this is really what we recently analyzed in the kyiv school of the state-state

management for three hours, just one case with the changes that were taking place, that is why the soviet economy began to limp so much and what is happening now in the russian economy, that is, in fact , much more of the same is happening now, that is, i... did not expect how similar processes will take place in the macroeconomics, and this is only one part, that is, this part is, let's say this, again, public attitudes, they will also change, they will again be followed by economic changes , the question of fairness is again, after all, well, the russian federation, it is in principle predictable in the sense that as soon as the russian federation, well, in any of its forms, the russian empire, in some other one begins... a revolution begins, that is, it

happened after the japanese war in the early 20 century, it happened to the soviet union after the afghan war, that is, in other words, next year we must somehow explain to the russians why kyiv lasts for three years in three days, why again for eighty... a great victory, all worthy of the former the anti-hitler coalition welcomes the kyiv regime, which is like a nazi and so on and so on and so on, that is, all this idiotic propaganda, it is gradually, gradually getting worse, and next year we will see the beginning of the political and economic bankruptcy of the russian federation. somewhere at the beginning of the 26th year, most likely , opportunities will arise to, well, let's say, on fair terms to end this war. i mean

us literally. there are two minutes, but i want to ask this question, because you, well, people, what they know a lot from the past, they have the opportunity to analyze it all, somewhere they probably have such a task to form a vision of the future, the problem is, what will the world be like without russia? i will ask this question now, and the west does not understand how to live without russia, and this is a problem, because we do not know how, well, somehow we lived later without the persian empire, without the roman empire, without... but i am different i want to ask, do you see what the role of ukraine will be after the war, because i understand that it will also change, i think we can talk about that talk for the next two hours, yes, well, you can in one word, we are talking about this for the next two hours, sorry my colleagues, no, but in a few words, what is ukraine, well, is there an understanding of this to prepare for its new role, that is, that it is definitely it won't be just such an agrarian state with some innovations,

but... well, it won't be, it will definitely be different, obviously ukraine will become different, ukraine is changing, but again, i'm just afraid to even start talking about this topic, because there those seconds we have left on the air to the news, i'm afraid it just won't be enough even for at least a little, at least close, in general, we recently conducted a foresight together with the ukrainian peacekeeping school and... and the forecast is surprisingly amazingly optimistic, that is, despite the fact that we sat down to start it the forecast of people who, as they say, think, have certain facts and know how to analyze and build a vision, right? i hope so, we have a minute there, but i also have a question, you know, and there are still two minutes, but imagining the year 91 even there is not a proclamation, but let's take a referendum, when the poster is big... it comes from the ussr,

did it say ussr then, i don't remember anymore, but i wonder if at that time, well, i was 13 years old then, i don't know a year older there, and that's why it's hard for me to say now that i thought to myself at the time, but if i were to say now what path i would have to take, it is interesting that the people who voted then probably would not have understood all this yet, or would they have understood that sometimes it is better not to know your future when you... . the next steps, because in the end, when you transfer to, for example, the ocean, it is better not to think about how much kilometers under you, and the most important thing is that it will hold you, well, we have to sail on, and together we must reach those shores, in fact, for the sake of which we set out on this journey in the long-standing struggle for our independence, in the struggle, which is ongoing, but viktor andriyovych yushchenko told me, recently we recorded an interview with him, he

said that, but the issue of independence. already closed, ukraine will not lose its independence, i believe in viktor andriyovych and, above all, i believe in the armed forces and the ukrainian people, who demonstrates this unity, thank you very much, exclusively on the air of our channel, congratulations friends, the political club program is on the air on the espresso tv channel. the most relevant topics of the week: nato member countries have huge arsenals, and russia is already on the verge of exhausting its resources, topics that resonate in our society, this is the question of trump's victory, what is it? analysis of processes that change the country and each of us. what else can the russians do, are they able to use, say, the resources of the lukashenka army allied with them. vitaly portnikov and the guests of the project, read everything. accept my singer, i thank you, it was difficult, but i was just interested, but i absolutely did not eat it. they help to understand the present and predict the future. they offered the united states

to conclude a bilateral security agreement with us. for those who care and think politklub every sunday at 20:00 at espresso. good evening, we are from ukraine. well, let's start: two residents of antonivka were injured as a result of enemy shelling in the kherson region. the russians threw explosives at the women. at the moment of impact, they were on the street, the wounded were hospitalized with the regional military administration was notified of hidden injuries. and the russians hit the kopyansky area, two people are known to have died, and at least two more were injured, oleg synigubov, the head of the region, said. the occupiers targeted the central part of the village. and the naval forces of ukraine officially confirmed the destruction of the russian ferry konroyder in the kavkaz port of the krasnodar territory.

spokesman dmytro said this on radio svoboda. tenchuk. prom is one of the important ones.