the member of the austro-hungarian parliament kos levitskyi read the lines from the manifesto and announced the creation of a ukrainian state within the framework of the austro-hungarian empire. in response to him, the entire square sang in unison, already resurrected ukraine. but the resurrection of ukraine, even though it had all the legal grounds for it, still remained in question. ukraine, and glory imo. on that sunday morning , people also rushed to the latin cathedral of the largest roman catholic church in lviv for mass. representatives of local and regional authorities, polish organizations and clubs did not come simply to pray to god, but, as the polish press said, to testify to the polishness of lviv. everything happened almost as a mirror image of what happened on yura square. first, the archbishop.

read the proclamation about the declaration of polish statehood, then under the dome of the cathedral a loud and unanimous voice sounded: "god, save poland. a patriotic religious song that poles usually sang during the uprising. from the cathedral, all those present moved to the town hall, from the town hall to the mickiewicz monument, and then again to the square in front of the cathedral of all lviv churches were moved by processions. the poles made it clear that they will not give up lviv so easily." this polish revolutionary movement had the desire to restore the polish state, it had more powerful support, powerful financial support, material support, social support, it is clear that ukrainians just at the end of the 19th century began to create the environment of the ukrainian intelligentsia, first of all, because they said that ukrainians were a nation of boys and priests, neither in lviv nor in the town

occupied dominant positions in various institutions, in the administration. polish elites, they recognized that in part of the territory of eastern galicia, ukrainians predominate in number. but they believed that lviv is a city that has such, you know, important cultural and political merits for the polish movement, and it is the center of the polish movement, they believed that lviv should be part of the restored polish state. already on november 1, lviv was supposed to officially become polish, despite the fact that on october 31 , vienna seemed to declare its readiness to hand over power in eastern galicia to ukrainians. this was to be confirmed by the austrian governor karl fonguin. only he refused, saying that he had not received any message from vienna. he refused, because a few days earlier it had already been agreed that lviv would become polish. until the ukrainian elite led by petro.

hoping for a legal and peaceful takeover of state power, the leaders of austria-hungary together with the polish agreed on their own. if we do not capture lviv tonight, the poles will take it tomorrow. the young and tenacious, popular among urine shooters, centurion dmytro vitovskyi. at the meeting of the ukrainian national council and the central military committee, he convinced everyone that he was wasting no time. wait for the arrival of the polish government delegation to lviv, and immediately take power in the city into their own hands. after his speech, events developed rapidly. an order to seize power on the ground was immediately sent to all cities and counties of eastern galicia. the uprising began in lviv itself at 4 in the morning. the very decision on armed rebellion, about the military rank, it was very timely and important. it changed the situation, that is,

if this had not happened, it is more likely that the polish liquidation commission would have arrived here, relying on the administrative apparatus that was in the hands of the poles, mainly, yes, relying on the larger intelligentsia, on the majority of the officer corps that was then living in lviv was in the garrisons of austrian lviv, it is clear that the ukrainians were not able to establish their power. the headquarters of the uprising had only about 1,400 riflemen at its disposal. and 60 foremen, they had to neutralize the forces that could offer armed resistance, i.e. austrian, german and hungarian units, and they succeeded in this in exchange for the peaceful return of foreign soldiers home. therefore, the ukrainians seized the police, the main post office, all railway stations, radio stations, banks, disconnected the city telephone and the international telegraph line. at the same time, not a single drop of blood was shed, not a single shot was fired.

from november 1 to november 6, ukrainians managed to establish power in 50 poviats and poviat centers of eastern ukraine. this revolution, it showed not only a certain potential. and and on the one hand, potential, political potential, parliamentarian, relevant decisions, on the other hand, showed revolutionary attitudes, showed organization, balance, and this is very important for understanding the nature of the ukrainian revolution as a whole, in lviv and in the district centers of eastern galicia, and just as soon and in bukovyna, in chernivtsi, the ukrainians managed to establish power, despite the fact that they did not have a majority in the towns. on the same night, the idea arose to hang the ukrainian flag on the town hall, but it was not so easy to realize it. find it today blue-yellow flag from tiny to huge, you can easily find it in any souvenir shop, any souvenir

bazaar. and in 1918, it was possible to find a blue and yellow flag and even fabric of the right colors all over lviv. the blue one somehow filled up, and the yellow one was katma. the saffron spice, which was not cheap at the time, saved the situation , the white fabric was dyed yellow, after which the wife of the entrepreneur lazork sewed both parts together. but it was not easy to hang the flag on the tower. today , anyone who wants to take a look can climb these stairs bird's eye view of the town hall. excursions are specially led here. climbed the 400 steps to the town hall, thought i was not in lviv. on the morning of november 1, 1918 , the soldiers, who were supposed to hang the flag, made their way to the observation deck with obstacles. sich

gunner mykola pachovsky recalls that the tower was locked, the guards were not going to open the door. this is how he describes this moment in his memoirs. there was no other solution but to break the iron doors in the rough walls, we found the beer cellars with hammers and started pounding them into the stone doorways. on the echo of the blow hammering, a worried guard ran down from the tower and opened the door. it was six o'clock early. at the sight of our flag, the poles passing by were speechless, and the first protest from their side was to leave the tramcars in the market, which remained standing all day. on the same day , every lviv resident who went for a walk could also see. advertisements are pasted on the walls of houses. to the population of the city of lviv. the ukrainian state was formed by the will of the ukrainian people on the ukrainian lands of the former austro-hungarian monarchy. the highest state authority of the ukrainian state is ukrainian national council. the blue-yellow flag, which

for the first time in the history of majors was over the town hall, testified that the ukrainian state did take place. first. in 1349, lviv fell into the hands of the ukrainians. and it happened in about two hours, in fact without a single drop of blood. having fallen asleep in the austro-hungarian empire in october, the city woke up in the ukrainian state in november. on the day, the austrian governor carl von huyn, the same one who almost gave power in eastern galicia to the poles, handed it over to his deputy ukrainian dytsikevych. in the evening, fonguyna with the officials austrian administration sent. by train to vienna, but in the end he said: " it seems to me, old man, that the matter will not go as easily as it began, your opponents are stubborn people." his words turned out to be prophetic, because after the november breakdown , the poles started a hellish war for lviv.

nevertheless, this night from october 31 to november 1 showed that lviv is neither austrian nor polish, an ancient ukrainian city, and they will fight for it, as well as for galicia as a whole. the november act became the impetus for creation of the western ukrainian people's republic, which two months later united with great ukraine into a cathedral state. it happened in 1919, not in 1939 thanks to stalin, as he tries to convince us. russian propaganda.

we return to our airwaves, and anxiety continues throughout the country. in fact, unfortunately, we also have the dead, because in the morning during the attack, when explosions rang out in the dnipro and kryvorizka districts of the dnipropetrovsk region, we know about the dead man, he is a 69-year-old man, reports dnipropetrovsk ovam, also one person died in lutsk as a result of an attack on the city, the local mayor polishchuk reported about it, and we have information that an infrastructure object and many floors were damaged in lutsk. shikhet hit there. outages begin across the country,

power cuts begin in various regions. also, some have no electricity and suspended water supply, in particular in zhytomyr suspended water supply and the same situation, we know that in kyiv, due to the actual de-energization of the objects, there is no water supply in shevchenkivskyi, sviatoshyn, solomyan and holosiiv districts. about this. reports kyiv-vodokanal, news from ukrzaliznytsia, in fact, due to the fact that today we have a large-scale attack, there is a blackout and because of this there are possible train delays, reserve diesel locomotives have been withdrawn, all long-distance trains will continue to run, but at the moment there are delays in suburban electric train traffic, energy companies have already work locally, currently city express in kyiv. and in dnipro works according to the schedule, and we hope that those schedules from which

the actual movement of long-distance and the ski connection will be able to be regulated as quickly as possible, the energy industry is currently working on this, currently the air force is reporting on missiles from the monitoring channels that the situation is more stable and... in fact, they are not recording it, there is additional intelligence, but there are still many shaheds. about how kyiv survived this morning attack, we will ask our next guest, with us leonid yemets, deputy of the kyiv city council, mr. leonid, glory to ukraine. hello, studio, it's very bad to hear you, but i'll try to hear you anyway. mr. leonid, please tell me how it is now in kyiv looks like the situation regarding the work of the ppu. did the scattered debris not cause much damage, and what is the situation in the city? look,

operational services are working now, official information will come when necessary, all those who witnessed the fall of the debris, respectively, or the work of our rescuers, please do not distribute this information, the services of kyiv, as well as the emergency situation. such doctors and utilities, who are working, who are fully ready, for which they are greatly thanked, actually power outages, as far as i am concerned it is known, at the moment were related to problems in the all-ukrainian network, but for now, information is being accumulated, collected and will be reported when it is. and with the water supply, mr. leonid,

mr. leonid, can you hear us? yes, it seems that these power outages and attacks on energy facilities actually have such results, sometimes it is very difficult to get in touch and get in touch. and with people even in close proximity to it, not that in different regions, that is, let's summarize once again, about 15 shaheds are still in the airspace of our country, they write about the rocket, it seems to be clear for now, its attack on energy facilities in the lviv region, in particular, there are actually power outages because of this, in general, there are problems in the entire energy system of our country, respectively and ... it will be solved comprehensively, at the moment we have shutdowns, we have blackouts at various facilities, and

because of this there is no electricity in many areas, in some areas schedules are actually being implemented in order to stabilize everything, regarding explosions, then their in the morning, regardless of whether it was the work of air defense or something else, debris may have fallen or there were flights, such explosions were heard by virtually everyone. regions of our country, we know about the arrival also in lutsk, in poltava, in vinnytsia, as we have already learned, there were a lot of explosions, and this actually... air defense was working, we will try to restore contact with leonid yents, mr. leonid, i still wanted to ask about the water supply and actually about the railway connection at the moment, do you have information, is it possible to regulate it all? well, according to ukrainian information railways, there are indeed

power outages, part of the transport, which is used precisely on electric power. transferred to reserve capacities, schedules and traffic will be restored, well, we understand that russia is doing its utmost to harm the ukrainian state, but we thank our armed forces, thank the ukrainian armed forces, thank the ukrainians for their endurance, we cannot be defeated by such methods, on the eve of september 1, september 2 this year, children will go to school, students will go to higher educational institutions... does the city have this attack, because it is already the third military autumn will be in our country, does kyiv have a vision of how to organize educational processes from next monday? well, look, i can absolutely responsibly tell you, as the vice-chancellor of borys grinchenko university, that completely and in kyiv,

we have developed behavior algorithms for various kinds of circumstances and events, well... if starting from that, there will be shelling or won't be, of course, if they are, then we have shelters properly equipped, everyone will be there in a safe place, continuing the problems, for example, the availability, lack of electricity supply, then this, if there is electricity, it will be one format, if there is no electricity, it will be a celebration, everything is the same as the reception of new students and... the sentence as students will take place, but in a slightly different format, and the same algorithms, they are developed for of all schools and higher education institutions, well, i can't speak for state institutions, but i know that there are algorithms there, and it is actually the responsibility of the management of universities and schools to ensure that all

these processes and procedures are solemn, because when a child goes to school, and ... when it does for the first time, or when he becomes a student, because these young people came through a serious selection in order to get the opportunity to have a higher education, then of course it should be a celebration that they will remember, i understand, mr. leonid, but safety still comes first, thank you for being with us, leonid, a ukrainian deputy of the kyiv city council on the air of the espresso tv channel, and we're going on, we have... in touch with andriy demchenko, the spokesman of the state border service of ukraine. mr. andriy, glory to ukraine. glory to the heroes. whether on the borders, such large-scale shelling and, accordingly, alarms are somehow different are manifested, or does the working regime of the border guards actually change on such mornings as today, nights, days? well, actually, mobile

fire groups, if we talk in the direction of the border with... russia, or border guards, border guards also join the defense forces in order to monitor the situation, if possible , to shoot down air er air targets launched by the enemy, and with regard to others directions where transit operations are carried out, this is vigilance, attention in order to ensure the safety of people. but it is extremely difficult to completely stop the pass, because people again are near the border with the possibility of crossing it, that is why we are acting here, of course together with all the constituents, so that security remains at the checkpoints on the border with the countries of the european union and moldova. in general, what is

the current situation at the borders, how often do you detect the enemy. drg along the ukrainian borders, do they have the same tactics, or maybe they invented something new? well, the two directions that are the most dangerous for us on the border are the border with russia, the border with belarus, actually, if we talk about the border with belarus, there are some actions in relation to our country, we did not notice, and all the components of the forces. guard the entire border line from volyn to chernihiv region, if we talk about the border with russia, then fortunately for the latter... and this is the activity of the soothsayers of sabotage and intelligence groups, it is now much less, let me remind you that the most active enemy sabotage and intelligence groups

were within the borders of sumy region, sometimes manifested themselves in the direction of chernihiv region or kharkiv region, but their activity has significantly decreased over the last period. regarding belarus, the report that a huge number of eyelashes'. is gathering in the border zone from the territory on the side of belarus, in fact, under the guise of exercises, they are concentrating a huge force there, it is not only about the personnel, it is also about the equipment, what our border guards note, how their military behaves there, what, what are they doing there ? well, i just mentioned that along the border we did not notice any such non-standard situations. our de state border is completely under the control of all components of the defense forces, according to what is happening deep inside the territory of belarus, of course, is monitored

by intelligence units, in order to understand how much the situation is changing, how threatening it is for ukraine, in order to react accordingly and strengthen those directions where tensions may grow, however, if we talk about the immediate proximity near... our border, we do not note the movement of equipment or personnel there, or the accumulation, of course, it cannot be ruled out that belarus, under pressure from moscow, in order to inflame the situation, or perhaps for other actions, nevertheless moves equipment in the depths of his country, but i will note, as before, that this direction remains threatening for us in general. great attention is also paid to fortification directly along the border, in terms of engineering, in terms of border engineering and fortification, in order for our defenders

to have the opportunity to take cover if there is any shelling, and actually to repel the opportunity to repel any attack that can go from the territory of belarus, we are ready for this, and... we actually hope that there will be enough of such on the other side of the border common sense, not to take premeditated steps, because ukraine does not pose a threat, ukraine is exclusively defending itself, and anyone who tries to enter our territory will receive an adequate response. and do you have any algorithm of actions in case some other movements suddenly started from the side of belarus, instead of the way you say that there is nothing, well... look, the invasion of the territory of ukraine took place from the territory of belarus as well. belarus so kindly opened its border for russian troops. in general, at the

moment, russia does not have any on the territory of belarus its forces, because even last year it was gradually withdrawing them, as part of the rotation, it did not start new ones. it is not excluded that moscow is putting pressure on belarus so that it joins there on a larger scale in the war that the terrorist country has unleashed against our state, but i will note once again that all components of the defense forces under military command are ready to repel any attack , which would not come from the territory of belarus, for this we also strengthened the border, for this we also strengthened the border, that is why all the components of the defense forces operate there, so that security of our state. were provided in this direction as well, mr. andrii, but how is it that now we are talking all the time about the fact that someone can cross over to us, but there are

illegal border crossings from ukraine, i am not talking about those evaders who are somewhere there often hunting in the mountains near the romanian border, but about traitors, fugitives, about people whom everyone knows, who are constantly in sight, who sometimes even write on social networks, but i am vigilant... i am watching the situation: i am ready, but then once, and this person is already abroad, as it so happens that they succeed cross the state border with which documents? specifically about information about third parties, the state border service is not entitled to disclose information about crossing the border through checkpoints and those whom we detain, but if we talk about the situation you allude to, well... the state investigation bureau itself reported , that criminal proceedings have been opened on the fact of illegal crossing of the border by one of the acting people's deputies, in turn the state border

service... is also conducting the necessary inspection in order to establish all the circumstances, we closely cooperate with the investigation, in order to provide the necessary information on our side, of course we also connected our colleagues on the other side of the state border in order to accumulate all the necessary information, find out all the circumstances and in the future, the state bureau of investigation will be able to report more information about this situation, but it must be understood that attempts to illegally cross the border occur every day and every day a large number of citizens, violators, who they try to cross the border in an illegal way, of course they are exposed, they are detained, both on the territory of ukraine and during cooperation with our colleagues on the border tv, they are also detained there, if they succeed, i

understand that... about the checkpoint where it happened illegally, this illegal crossing took place is already known to you, well, actually this is your assumption that it is happening there or at the checkpoint or in some other area, all the details can already be reported by the investigators as part of the criminal proceedings, in general i emphasize once again that to disclose information about third parties, whether they legally or illegally cross the state border service. thank you, mr. andriy, for being with us. andriy demchenko, spokesman of the state border service of ukraine, we talked about the situation on the ukrainian borders, and we actually see that the number, the number of enemy air assets in ukrainian airspace is decreasing, we know that on the borders of transcarpathia and lviv oblast managed to shoot down

a guided missile, in fact... it is not often that their missiles manage to fly so far, because water supply interruptions may occur in lviv oblast, city mayor andrii sadovyi reports. i encourage you to donate and stay with espresso. in literally two minutes, khrystyna parobiy will talk about the most important things.

there is a war going on, and not only for territories, it is also a war for minds, well, we are engaged in propaganda, russia. throws millions of petrodollars to turn ukrainians into little russians. ukraine will become russia. let's counter the information attacks of the russians in the chronicles of information war project with olga len. tuesday, thursday at 17:15, repeat, tuesday, friday, at 10:00 p.m. verdict with serhiy rudenko. from now on in a new two-hour format. more analytics,

more important topics, more. top guests: foreign experts, inclusion from abroad, about ukraine, the world, the front, society, and also feedback, you can express your opinion on the bad day with the help of a telephone survey, turn on and be included, the verdict with serhiy rudenko, from tuesday to friday from 20 to 22. a large-scale air alert continues in ukraine, we are working from shelter and we are asking you to be in a safe city, news from the press is on the air, khrystyna porubiy works in the studio. as a result of the morning enemy attack, one person was killed in lutsk, the mayor of lutsk, ihor polishchuk, said.

several explosions rang out in the city. there , a high-rise building and infrastructure were damaged.