botaji company was one of the most famous of these companies. the company had branches in several cities and imported electrical appliances, bicycles and a new music player . using the gramophone , it was possible to listen to music at home. when the gramophone was invented and spread all over the world and the region , botaji was one of the first companies to import the gramophone. this issue shows that people are very interested in listening to gramophone records, and as a result, other companies were established to make gramophone records. and the markets of haifa were full of music, especially the songs sung by famous egyptian arab singers. at that time

, the sound of music was coming from the houses and shops of haifa. this sound of music played with people's souls and people were very happy to have a gramophone. 190s. car shows gradually appeared in palestine. this issue was indicative of several points. the first issue is how advanced the land transportation network was in palestine and how many roads were built to connect different cities. in my opinion, it was not only about buying and selling cars , but this part had become very important. a series of services it had come into existence, which caused the palestinian economy.

grow in all different sectors. when talking about the history of palestine , several issues are usually neglected. these issues start from the second half of the 19th century. i think these issues are very important because they profoundly changed the shape of the palestinian society . foreign schools also estimate that at the beginning of the 20th century, only 2% of the population. palestine is literate. these people too

generally, they are religious scholars and intellectuals. in 1948, more than 50% of palestinian children were literate. this statistic was extraordinary in the world. not that it is great only in the arab world. education at that time in palestine was in several forms. the 1920s were a series of public schools. a series of schools. arabic is a series of international foreign schools such as the german school and the russian school, so we can see that there were many schools in palestine at that time . palestine was distinguished by having outstanding and excellent professors and teachers. they were famous in the arab world and even in the whole world. palestinian villages are also schools this is a very important point. i am not

saying that we had the best educational system in the whole arab world, but we were definitely one of the best . in 1921, haj muhammad amin al-hussaini was elected as the mufti of quds, one of his main work priorities. . as the head of the supreme council of muslims , it was to gather all muslim orphans in one place and build an orphanage for their accommodation and education. it was a technical school that taught all kinds of professions to students , professions such as agriculture, carpentry, and even binding and printing in this school was a great printing house. in the year

in 1930, the arab world witnessed an extraordinary event . young and old students play various instruments and play together. the palestinian society showed all the necessary signs to face the 20th century . but there was always a promise of the british under the skin of this society. britain's promise to the zionist movement was to support the formation of a land for the jews. after some time, this promise not only threatened the development of palestine, but also became a threat to the existence of palestine itself.

100 years ago, the situation in palestine was very different compared to the present. arab writers and artists gradually attracted this became the region. interest in the development of new media such as cinema and filmmaking also increased. interest in the sport of hosting international events and competitions also increased. the municipality of jaffa thought of hosting

the arab countries' olympics. in these competitions , palestinian athletes faced international champions . a hero it was an arab female fist that was famous in iraq and jordan. he had trained many female fists. his name was adib souqi. adib sarghi was a palestinian and originally from jaffa. before the day of nakbat, he was able to become the champion of the eastern surfing tournament. he is in the competition in the same cinema it was held and only a few meters away from here , you were able to defeat syrian, lebanese and egyptian athletes. our cinemas. it was not only a place to show movies, but also our cultural centers. big gatherings were held in cinemas , along with our political activities, we went to our cinemas, watched shows, listened to music , and did everything. next to business and culture.

a dynamic political movement also grew. during the ottoman era, palestine was represented in the house of representatives, or the ottoman lower house. but with the beginning of the british protectorate, the palestinian national movement gradually quds was formed, which sought the independence of palestine. muslim and christian local groups in 1919 first meeting. hold palestine. 30 people present at this meeting rejected british guardianship and demanded that the various groups present unite in the form of a single association. most of

the big businessmen joined the existing political movement in palestine . most of the businessmen are known members of the esteghlal party, the national defense party and others. because they are close to the hosseini family. they played a significant role in this case. but let me also tell you that the economic situation was very good it was good, as a result, people had more facilities than their basic needs. in the year 100. quds was the host of an exceptional event that was not like it even in the 20th century. i mean the islamic world congress, where more than 150 people from 25 arab and islamic countries of the world participated in this meeting. this

meeting continued for 10 days in quds. several committee meetings were held and several decisions were made, including some important political decisions. it was said political issues will not be discussed in this meeting, which was due to the fear of british guardianship, but it was the other way around. they talked about political issues and stance against colonialism. taking them from french colonialism in morocco , italian colonialism and their crimes in jabal al-khader and libya, criticizing french colonialism in syria and lebanon , criticizing the british protectorate itself, making numerous decisions , especially about palestine, in the field of cultural enrichment and it was the establishment of al-aqsa mosque university, but unfortunately this project did not succeed due to many reasons.

the whole world is talking about this summit. i am still reading about that summit. foreign writers who even wrote about that book until now. but all the decisions that were made in these meetings in the 1920s and 1930s the intensity was overshadowed by a growing phenomenon . this was the migration phenomenon. the zionist movement had grown in europe at the end of the 19th century and was discussing the creation of a land for the jews. the pressure this movement exerted on the british government led to the publication of an important proclamation in november 1917. it was called the balfour declaration, which was named after arthur balfour, the british foreign minister at the time. this announcement was a letter he wrote to the leader of one of the british jewish communities. or sent in this letter, it was said: his majesty's government has a positive view on the establishment of a national homeland for

the jewish nation is watching in palestine and will make every effort to make this goal possible. of course, it should be clearly understood that nothing should ever be done that is against and to the detriment of the civil and religious rights of non-jewish groups living in palestine. the final effect of the balfour declaration was to encourage european jews to immigrate to palestine, but by 1920, this motivation was not very strong. i can say that the implementation of the zionist colonial project in palestine was completely failed until 1919 or 1920. they were palestinian arabs who played the main role in reviving its economy. project

zionism was mainly considered in and around jaffa because jaffa was the most important city in palestine. the palestinians did not see them as a strategic threat because their project had failed. statistics confirm this. between 1882 and 1919 , there were only 2,000 jews in yayaf and omeh, northeast of yaffa. most of the jewish immigrants who came to the country could not survive . weather, food, culture. they could not adjust themselves at all. as a result, they migrate from here to other places. practically, the project of zionism in the first 40 years. i can tell somehow it was a complete failure and there was nothing they could do. but things changed. that is

when the victorious powers on the allied front, i.e. britain, france, italy and japan , discussed the division of the ottoman empire. in the conference of april 1920 in the city of sanremo located in the north of italy, palestine was granted to britain. the league of nations accepted this plan in july 1922, but there was a fundamental contradiction within the trusteeship structure. members of the zionist movement, including british politician herbert samuel, participated in the sanremo conference , and the balfour declaration was part of the structure it became a british protectorate. britain had a double obligation. so as to rule and implement policies on behalf of jews and arabs in palestine. but in fact, the sanremo conference

changed the balance significantly in favor of one side . this event was a very important turning point for the zionist movement. when the sanremo conference was held in 1920, it was celebrated as a great victory based on the promise of the balfour declaration . the zionists tried hard to include the contents of the balfour declaration into the text of the guardianship itself. this happened to they were extremely important. this event it can only be compared with the 1948 decision of the united nations to divide palestine into a jewish state and an arab state. about 100 years ago, and to be

more precise, in 1920, the british trusteeship officially became the first british high commissioner. assigned to the administration of palestinian affairs. his name was herbert samuel. he was a zionist and jew and one of the supporters of zionist actions. his appointment made it easier for the zionist movement to establish its foundations and control the palestinian land and the economic interests of palestine . herbert samuel was one of the representatives of the zionist movement at the sanremo conference. he then in july 1920 as a commissioner. british highness was assigned in palestine. but he visited the region before taking charge. minutes of some of his meetings were recorded and published in the press. the surviving documents reveal the strained relationship that existed between samul and the palestinian leaders. he tried to persuade the palestinian leaders to

share their lands with the jewish settlers. can help you construct your land and teach you the economics in a good, harmless way. our country has enough qualified and willing people to properly invest in our land and elevate our states affairs without the intervention of the jews. but if the jews came to your country, they build the unplanted lands, which are an excess to your people's needs. there are no unplanted lands in our country, except for some small areas. that are unfit for agriculture, we will definitely have to plant and invest in them in the future, because our people reproduce in big numbers, thank god, each one of us has an average of seven children, we must prepare lands for them, we have heard that you are one of the founding zionist leaders, i'm not

one of the zionists, we know that you're one of the key zionist leaders, you've all had to fight with the zionists, as a result , they didn't have enough time and power to they also hindered them from trying for their economic growth and agricultural prosperity. the simmering tensions between arabs and zionist jews

boiled over when they met in jerusalem in august 1929 . that event is called qiyam baraq. the most powerful country in the world at that time promised that a national homeland, yes, a national homeland for create judea all the progress that the palestinians had during the ottoman and british protectorate, overshadowed by political issues. for example , jaffa was the largest metropolis in palestine where muslims and jews lived. this city was famous for its cinemas during the british protectorate . yes, because of its cinema, there

was a very strong local culture, but all these aspects were heavily influenced by the challenging situation of the 30s. it was political at that time, the challenge was that britain was the conqueror and had promised to turn it into a national homeland, yes, a national homeland for another people. jewish immigration is a concern. it became the main british protectorate. most eastern european jews already wanted to go to western european america. but until 1925, the situation was like that. it happened that the number of jews going to palestine became more than america because america had placed restrictions on jewish immigration. in

1935, which was the peak of jewish immigration during the british rule, the number of immigrants reached 65,000 in just one year. the most important point is the british guardianship of immigrants. a jew was allowed to become a palestinian citizen. palestinians were never asked about these issues. after 1920 their general strategy was to establish a national homeland for the jews in palestine. this strategy was formalized in the british price. this happened in 1923 and jewish immigrants were given palestinian citizenship. they give palestinian passports or citizenship to immigrants. tens of thousands of jewish immigrants

entered palestine illegally. ships would bring them and disembark them at different places on the coast of palestine , and then the zionist movement would identify groups to bring them inside. zionist jewish employees who work in the offices under kan. british control work for them identity papers they arrange, that is, they get papers for them with a kind of party game. the british knew that these events were going on, and with this method, a large number of jews were given palestinian passports and passports without them having the right to obtain palestinian citizenship. on the other hand, a non-jewish christian zionist

made this false claim 200 years ago and even before the jewish zionists themselves , that palestine is a land without a nation and a bunch of bedouins and uncivilized farmers live there. they claimed that nothing of value not in palestine, even hertzel said the same thing: december in 1947, britain announced that its mandate in palestine would expire in 50 months. this issue caused an increase in the violent actions of jewish zionist armed groups. may 14, 1948, just one day before the end of the british protectorate over palestine , david ben.

he had made it his territory from the lands of palestine under the guardianship. forcing more than 700,000 palestinians to leave their homes and become refugees in neighboring countries. their movement was calculated. palestine had its own nation, it was a nation of active, intelligent, intellectual and creative people . they built an infrastructure, not only in haifa, but also in jaffa. akka sefe tiberian bisan al-nasra barrasbeh lad ramla quds and other cities of palestine, all these institutions were built by the palestinians themselves. to be made they built their own country's economy. the zionist movement had calculated all this. when they did ethnic cleansing and evicted the palestinians

, all these institutions and buildings were left for the use of jewish settlers and immigrants who came from all over the world. for example, when in 1948 and 1949 they carried out ethnic cleansing in the main cities. jewish immigrants immediately arrived by plane and ship from different parts of the world the zionist movement would have faced many challenges if they had not accounted for these issues beforehand. if they hadn't thought about it, then they wanted tens of thousands of jewish immigrants and where to put them. they occupied all the schools and buildings in the cities and villages of palestine. they used these places to serve the zionist project . the incident of 1948

is more terrible than it can be talked about . it is indescribable. i am saying things that i saw with my own eyes, not what i heard. i saw it with my own eyes in 1948. i saw many things. can you imagine let only 30% of palestinian families stay in jaffa. yava, my dear homeland, my safe home. zionism project.

forced them out of their homeland and forcibly inherited the cemetery, houses, factories, cars, household items, gardens, documents, cinemas, theaters and banks. they took over everything, even cemeteries, holy places, mosques and churches, they took everything and took it under their control. they drew a new border and decided to destroy our country. to separate them completely from the arab world, forbidding people to be able to communicate with the arab world because they say that they there are warring countries, everything was planned in advance, they planned to steal them, they planned for legitimacy. anyone who

was away from his home for any reason lost his house and shop land. naturally, people were afraid that there would be a bombing, an explosion, a terrorist operation or a crime. they have the right to return to their homes, shops and companies. israel is a strange government in the whole world that expels people from their homeland and prevents them. to return and get their salaries, even those who had gone from the city to a village near the city to seek shelter they were not even a kilometer away from their homes , they could not go back even a kilometer. let me give an example. some of the residents of safurieh village, near the city of al-nasarah , ran away and went to nazareth because of the rains and military operations. they have the right to

live somewhere else. go and take shelter , they couldn't even return to their homes on the same day, so this was not just theft, it was also theft and legitimizing and legalizing their work, so it was a kind of double theft. they uproot trees. like children koch was crying and fell on the ground. he was 90 years old at that time. we took him to the hospital but he died. he could not bear this ablution. i told my father, father. they took our land. he said: our trees are still there. but when the trees

are uprooted, no more. in the name of allah, the most merciful, the most merciful, salam, education and training will hire 72,000 teachers, trainers and consultants by holding three recruitment tests.