the law is in charge of the constitution and the functioning of the government and public institutions. any portuguese citizen over the age of 18 can be elected as a representative of the people in it. the votes cast by each list are converted into the number of parliamentary seats based on the proportional system. after being elected, each representative is considered as a representative of the whole country and not just his constituency. the parliament of the republic has the power to change the constitution with a two-thirds majority of all representatives. some of the duties of the house of representatives include approving laws, approving the budget, allowing the government to take or give loans, approving treaties between international, allowing the president to declare war or peace, oversee law enforcement or government performance. portugal also has 21 representatives in the european parliament.

well, as you know, the way of government in portugal is a parliamentary democracy. in this country , the legislative power is very important . to learn more about the elections in this country , we have a conversation with mr. antonio gami. one of the former representatives of the portuguese parliament, a representative who has a 17-year history of being in the portuguese parliament , we see in this conversation, antonio ribeiro gamerio , a portuguese politician born on august 14th, 1977. he was a former representative of the parliament of the republic of portugal , who has been a representative of the portuguese parliament for nearly 17 years. he teaches at the university.

and has also published numerous books and articles and is fluent in english, french and spanish. for many years, he was the deputy of the parliament of the republic of portugal. mr. gamiro , thank you for accepting our invitation to participate in this program. if you allow me to start my question with this question , the role of importance. how is the parliament defined in your country and to what extent does your parliament make decisions importantly, your country is influential. according to the constitution of portugal, the parliament is the house of democracy. in fact , the parliament is an institution where the elected representatives of the people enact laws and control the government, in fact, from the financial and economic point of view.

they also manage the rule of law and the correct implementation of laws in government organizations. can you explain a little about the electoral system of your country, where members of parliament are elected? in portugal, we have constituencies or actually electoral districts, each of which has several representatives among the elected representatives. in portugal, the parliament is also responsible for choosing the government he is in charge because the majority of the representatives of the winning party or the same party ruling the parliament, in portugal

, the president can decide to dissolve the parliament. the president is elected directly by the portuguese people. at the same time, the government depends on the laws that are managed by the parliament. and the parliament has the duty of monitoring and controlling the performance of the government. and this makes a good legal and political system to rule the country. i can say that in the past 40 years , there have been no problems with the authority and independence of the governing institutions of portugal. portuguese people 230 they have a representative in the country's parliament. organization and control of elections in portugal by the national election commission. takes place this commission

has a very good performance, its officials are responsible for the whole country and they act completely independently from the parties and organizations of portugal. the members of this commission are nominated by the government to the parliament, and then the parliament decides on their selection . the president is also satisfied with their performance. they work completely independently. the electoral system and elections in portugal are very powerful and subject to the law. no problem with them it doesn't exist, because this commission is completely legal and their orders are to.

what is the participation in the parliamentary elections in your country? currently, the participation rate of the portuguese people in the elections is between 65 and 70 percent on average. in our country, we

did not have an election with the participation of less than 50% of eligible people. for the european parliament elections, people's participation is relatively less and there is less incentive to participate in the parliamentary elections. if one of the candidates has a complaint about the election process, how should he raise this complaint and what process will he go through. there is no election fraud in portugal. actually we

we have a strict monitoring and control system in voting areas. we have a commission to manage the elections and at the same time all the parties have representatives in the voting areas. but imagine if someone claims that there was a violation somewhere and even if there is only one vote, the national election commission will handle that complaint. i can say that these cases are very, very rare. for example, in a small village in the north or south of the country, there may be very minor cases that claim that the election process was not carried out in a completely correct and accurate manner. i think. in the last 40 years, maybe two or three of these cases it has been reported that they cannot be named as a violation at all, maybe it was an irregularity. in portugal, portuguese representatives cannot be independent persons. they must have been chosen by the party. that is, each party

introduces its own representatives as election candidates. and the constitutional court is in charge of monitoring the performance of the parties. entire. because according to the constitution, the monitoring of the election process is completely direct and transparent, and with this transparent process , naturally, the election and its results are also transparent and fair, and fortunately , we do not have any problems in this regard.

to have electoral support during elections and election campaigns, as well as to use the media for activities. in portugal, all electoral activities are funded by the government. parties get financial credits based on the number of votes they get in the elections. for example. in our country, portugal, 5 euros are given to the desired party for each vote, and they have to cover their own financial expenses with this financial credit during the 4-year term of the parliament. in portugal , the use of private sector financial credits for

parliamentary elections is prohibited. everything is very clear credits are provided by the government, the public sector , for example, if you put other money into your election party and the constitutional court finds out about this, you will be expelled from the party and election contests. mr. kamiro , thank you for accepting our invitation to participate in this program. portugal is one of the oldest states in europe, whose modern history dates back to the 12th century . the history of portugal is tied to seafaring and the discovery of new lands. in the 15th century, at the instigation of the prince. henry made discoveries that were expanding and people like vasco da gama dias and pedro

alvarez camaral expanded their discoveries from brazil to india and japan. soon , portugal's territorial discoveries spread so much that this country became a colonial empire with a vast pen in the 16th and 17th centuries. he took power from 1911 to 1932. portugal witnessed an authoritarian government during this period. at the beginning of the 60s, independence movements began in portugal's african colonies, and as a result of these movements, part of the workforce and wealth left this country. that's why gradually cause

it became an underground movement within the armed forces and finally in 1974, in a quiet coup without bloodshed, the fall of salazar's government and the formation of the current political system were established. portugal is a country in the southwest. europe, which is located in the iberian peninsula. spain is one of portugal's neighbors in the east and northeast and borders the atlantic ocean in the west and south. a country that has the title of the oldest nation in europe. portuguese is a language very close to spanish so that people of these two languages ​​can talk to each other to a great extent. the moors, who were muslim people, in... spain and portugal dominated and combined the arabic language, which was their official language, with the portuguese language

. that's why today in some portuguese words we can see traces of arabic language. this country is divided into 18 states , each of which has its own municipalities . municipalities are divided into several districts, which are the smallest administrative divisions in the country. portugal is famous for its seafood, popular beaches and architecture from the 16th to the 19th century, since this country was a powerful maritime empire . portugal's economy is among the 45 countries in the european region. it is ranked 29th and its overall score is lower than the regional average but higher than the global average. portugal is famous for its football legends, music and historical cities. the land area of ​​this land is 9212 square kilometers and more than 11 million people

live in this government which is run as a parliamentary democracy. portugal has been familiar to us iranians for a long time. from the years of their presence in the persian gulf to the presence and brilliance of our football players in this country, and of course they had matches with each other in the world arena. in this part of the program, we have another conversation with mr. filipitano, reporter and editor of cnn's foreign section in portugal, we see this section together.

how effective is the parliament in the important decision-making process of your country? the parliament is considered the most important part of the administrative body of the portuguese administration. in the general elections of our country, we choose the members of the parliament , and after that, it is the members of the parliament who choose the government. portugal's political structure is based on this. in fact , parliamentarians make laws and vote on the approval of laws and amendments to laws, and all parties from the left to the right and from all regions. the country has a representative in the parliament. in fact , we have three main powers in portugal. the first is the parliament whose members

are directly elected by the portuguese people. assembly elections every four years. for example, in the previous elections, the majority of the parliament was from the socialist party. therefore, the government was formed with the support of the majority of the members of the parliament from the socialist party. but in the period before that, the first party that had the most members in the parliament was the democratic socialist party , which could not.

the portuguese system is such that not all power is in the hands of the president. laws from parliament and government.

there is also a constitution that has laws related to party formation and citizenship from the constitution. and it includes all elections from municipalities to the presidential elections of the parliament , so the national election commission and the constitutional court are both responsible for this task. the constitutional court receives the names of all election candidates from the parties, if you if you want

to be a candidate for the portuguese parliament elections, you must be from your party.

a person who has portuguese nationality due to living in this country for several years, it is enough to be over 18 years old and not have a criminal conviction. or being prosecuted or imprisoned. the number of portuguese parliamentarians is 20. the number of parliamentarians in each region of portugal depends on the population of that region or province. for example, lisbon, as the most populous city in portugal , has the most representatives in the parliament. give some explanation about the election advertising rules during the period when they are obliged to advertise for themselves and what rules and

regulations they are obliged to follow in this regard. the rules related to advertising in election contests on tv are stricter than in virtual space and social networks. for example, in tv hours certain programs, whether on television, government channels or private channels , are dedicated to election contests and advertisements related to them. in fact, according to the law, each party is allotted time for their candidates to advertise. according to the amount of votes that each of the parties got in the previous elections, the national election committee has allocated a specific time for them to advertise. of course , there is no special law for candidates' advertisements in cyberspace, but the only law that

is true for all media is that 24 hours before elections should not be advertised, in fact , it is a break for people to think and decide who they want to vote for. if the elections are held and one of the candidates complains about the election process , how should they raise this complaint? and what process does it go through? any citizen, if they have objections to the elections and how they were held, can file a complaint with the national election committee or the constitutional court. generally, people's complaints are referred to the national election committee. and their violation should be in such a way that it is contrary to the constitution the complaint will be referred to the constitutional court

to review it. regarding the discussion of finances and financial credits for the elections, it is this government that provides amounts of money to each of the parties to advertise, and their justification is that this financial credit is in line with the promotion of democracy. the amount of this financial assistance is such that the parties will receive financial credit for the expansion and promotion of their ideas according to the votes they got in the previous elections, which is also mentioned in the law, and all the parties in the portuguese parliament have approved and approved these laws. . average turnout in elections how much is the parliament in your country? currently, we are witnessing that the participation rate in the elections has decreased. the highest level of people's participation in

the elections was right after the democratic elections in portugal in 1974, during which about 80% of the people participated in the elections. currently , about 60% of the people participate in the general elections , that is, 40% of the people. who are not at all interested in participating in the elections, and this is a challenge for the parties, how to solve it and encourage people to participate. regarding the european parliament elections , i must say that the level of people's participation is much lower and about 50 percent. mr. kitano , thank you for giving us your time.

well, dear viewers of the window program

, we were with you in this program, we had a short trip to portugal, in the next program, we will travel to another country and we will bring you information about the parliament and how their elections are held. until the next window, god bless you. have a nice trip to the refrigerator and dishwasher . buying from pak shuma is a journey. by purchasing

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mind. we present the news at 17:00. the spokesperson of the ministry of education issued the ranking orders of all the retired educators in 1400 who requested renewal. he informed that they had an opinion on their rank. according to mr. farhadi, the ranking orders of about 2,000 cultural retirees remaining from 1401 are ready to be issued. all the respectable teachers who

were retired in 1401.