during the time of the soviet union and about 40 years ago, there were very interesting conditions. elections were usually held on sundays. at that time, people did not go here and there much and were in their own places. because it was very difficult to move. so the authorities knew where you live and sent us notes that were written: remember,

go and vote on april 12. we used to go to schools, and there was a routine that people used to make fun of because there was only one candidate. and people vote for this candidate and this candidate was usually elected with 99.9% of votes. this procedure was a little awkward, because basically the desired candidate is also. it was proposed by the communist party. now, of course, we have a different electoral system in russia and america, and there are different parties. of course, i still feel that certain candidates have more dominance in the electoral space. there are two parties in america and it is very difficult for other candidates such as independent candidates to reach the stage of emergence and support.

so basically , we are facing a fair election, i don't think there is any fraud and i don't think monitoring for elections can be considered interference in elections. people can express their political opinion. but the problem is, how is their political opinion formed? is political opinion the result of intense political propaganda? this is another matter, but when they go to the polling station

to announce themselves, they must show that at least 100,000 people support them. sometimes it is very difficult to get the support of this number of people from the beginning. if you don't have the same number of signatures, you won't be given a chance on tv and you won't be exposed. and that's it the reason is usually famous politicians or famous actors or athletes who are among the people.

and the consulates there are responsible for holding elections and people can go to these places and vote. the procedure here is similar to the previous electoral system. you have to register in some way to participate in the elections and be connected with your place of residence, and when you can vote, the officials try to reach an agreement through negotiations that will allow people to relocate and recognize that the people who voters are really dependent on the areas they are referring to, he established a balance because no one i don't want

them to refer to constitutional courts or other courts with fake votes and names and submit an appeal . i am sure that after the fall of the soviet union and its system, many people in russia wanted the judicial system and the electoral procedure to change. update and for this purpose send observers to other countries to report their own observations and try to match russian principles with western principles.

have been assigned by a political party, and for this reason, the judge is sure that the candidate he is looking for has the necessary support. i have no hope that the judge will make a fair decision. and get objective of course , the same conditions exist in the courts of many countries. on average , what is the percentage of participation in parliamentary elections in your country ? i think the rate of voter participation, as far as i remember, usually fluctuates between 30 and 50 percent of eligible people. fiance. and some elections create more enthusiasm among the people, especially if domestic attractions are involved or if the people of some regions feel that the election candidate can be their real representative. that's when many of them

try to come to the polls and vote. mr golstein from your presence in the window program. thank you. well , if you let us get to know russia a little more. the origin of russia dates back to the 9th century ad . from the 9th century, the vards, who were a tribe of vikings, poured into this land and the city of nograd was built by the vikings. after many events, this government fell apart, and in

the spring of 123 ad, the 30,000-strong mongol army occupied the lands along the caspian sea, as well as the locked area. they brought qaz under their control. in this way, the rule of the mongols in russia began. after many conflicts between the days and the mongols came to power in 1460. after ivan, his son vasily came to power, who followed his father's plans to strengthen russia. after them, ivan the fourth, because of too much cruelty , was given to special ivan.

took so that the defeat of the japanese army and the problems caused by the first world war fueled these protests. finally, in 1917, with the soviet union and the important cities of this country. he was one of the prisoners. in 1939, hitler and stalin

signed an agreement that allowed hitler to invade eastern europe and stalin to take back the lost parts of the soviet union in the 1918 peace treaty. but this agreement was violated by germany two years later. hitler's army invaded the soviet union in 1941. the germans finally stopped and suffered a heavy defeat in the epic battle of stalingrad. this was the turning point of the soviet-german war and a decisive event in world history. after that, the withdrawal of the germans began gradually. in the second world war, the soviet union celebrated one of its biggest victories in the history of this country and brought most of eastern europe under its control. because of this, the soviet government gained a lot of power in those years.

after stalin, it was chuv's stew that controlled the situation he took it in his hand. in 1964, he was removed by a political coup and brezhnev replaced him . with the death of brezhnev, yuri andropov and after him konstantin chernenko were at the head of the government for a short time. finally, mikhail gerbashov became the head of the soviet leadership in 1985. he was the youngest leader of the soviet union. he made changes in the economic and political system. the economic decline of the soviet union continued at the end of the 1980s. and finally , in december 1991, the soviet union collapsed. on june 12, 1991, the first general and free presidential elections in the history of russia were held.

russia has approximately 150 million people. there are different religions in russia , but christianity. religious places and churches are dedicated to this religion. the official language of russia is russian. russia is rich in cultural resources and its economy has always been flourishing. russia is one of the most advanced countries in the field of military equipment. russia in the field of my own oil and gas production. fast provides a part of its economic income through the export of oil and gas. this country

is also active in the export sectors in the fields related to fish, especially caviar to other countries of the world has the culture of this country can be understood from the style of architecture and historical buildings from the amazing history of russia. russia is a country with a huge cultural heritage in museums. about 160 different ethnic and cultural groups live in russia . the combination of the russian race with different ethnicities has led to the creation of special art and culture. russia is the land of great names in world literature. great people such as tolstoy, dostoevsky, mayakovsky, gogol , and chekhov.

well, in the future, we will have a trip to japan to

get to know the parliament and the electoral mechanism of the japanese parliament. we will have a conversation with mr. dr. seijiro takeshita, university professor.

475 members have been formed and their term is four years, and any person over 25 years of age with japanese citizenship can be a member of this parliament. the house of commons , which basically supervises the actions of the house of commons and does not have a diktat, has 242 members and its term is 6 years, and anyone who has a document and japanese citizenship over 30 years old can become a member of this house. there are no mandatory elections in japan. japan is a very democratic and peaceful country. i must also say that in terms of the number of murders with firearms, we are in the last place are. so there is no compulsion. in japan , there is no uniform government and

there is complete freedom in matters related to voting.

but the candidate for the house of lords must be 30 years old or older and also have japanese nationality . the law has recently changed. previously, the required age was 20 years old, but now it is over 18 years old, and women and men who have japanese citizenship are subject to this law, so basically every a person who has japanese citizenship can be more than 18 years old.

because we never consider this as a problem , it has never had a problem in terms of supervision. there has never been a case where the department surveillance in voting and people's freedom to vote will interfere, so never in the first place.

there should be no disruption in his work process or any problems for him. this law is very strict and basically everyone follows it as far as legal issues are concerned, that's what i explained to you. as far as i know , this time is related to the ministry of interior affairs and communications. they provide legal advice and basically the complaint should be filed there first. of course, before that, if an illegal and unfair process is going on, usually the media is a lot about him they make a noise and this will attract everyone's attention and the issue will be dealt with immediately.

what is the average participation rate in the parliamentary elections in your country? unfortunately, this number is rapidly decreasing until around 1990, about 70 % of japanese people voted. the number of young voters has decreased significantly. for example, the number of voters between 20 and 30 years old is less than 40% and their participation is very low. among people who are over 60 years old, the participation rate is still over 70. i think the reason is that many of people feel that voting or not voting

will not bring about a change because i think that japanese voters do not have the right to choose. the liberal democratic party of japan has been in power for a long time and it was only between 2009 and 2012. it was not at the top of the power that the democratic party of japan took power during that period, and it must be said that their management was very weak. in my opinion, one of the most unfortunate things about my country , japan, is that there is no competition in politics and many people do not want to participate in the election process in this country because they feel they do

we have reached the end of another part of the series of window programs, until the next programs and traveling to

other countries, i leave you all to the great god . and it can manage a very high flow. eight technological products in the field of ecosystem were also unveiled at zanjan university. composite propellers can be used in the aviation industry and wind turbines. according to the olive value chain , we carry out quality measurement of the olive production program. we have tubes blood sampling is under creation, which is being produced by modern machines and technology. there are electronic eyes or motion detection that can

actually detect motion. we collect data from behind the obstacles in the form of radio waves from the surface of gas distribution and transfer gas and transmit it to the dispatching unit as required . this device uses a brushless electric motor, and all its parts, rotor and bouquet, and all the design and construction of its body are made by the company's own engineers. the device is done the laser guide of the tunnel boring machine is also in the area of ​​the unique ecosystem, this device is one of the requirements for digging tunnels, for example, road tunnels or fazala tunnels, which until now were procured from outside iran, thanks to god. this growth center and this powerful university is moving towards the production of technological products .

to be the growth and development of companies based in this collection. 500 billion rials have been spent to set up the export innovation center for agricultural products in zanjan. 350 technology companies operate in zanjan province and all the cities of the province have technological innovation centers. maryam mohammadi , zanjan radio and television news agency.

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nimani and jabdar of the islamic republic of iran. in the name of allah, the most merciful, the most merciful, may god bless muhammad and the family of muhammad and hasten their fate, ladies and gentlemen, viewers , dear fellow citizens, hello, good morning , welcome to this news section, 11 days until the election of the 12th term of the islamic council and the sixth term. the assembly of remaining leadership experts based on the announcement of the country's election headquarters in 1218