program of the economy desk as i told you in the first news, we want to talk about the monetary agreements and the performance of the 13th government in easing the sanctions. diversification of import and foreign exchange was done. we want to open this up and discuss it with the experts of the program. if you are interested , stay with us until the end of this discussion . follow us on khabar . thank you. i told you that we want to develop monetary agreements and let's talk about how they helped to neutralize the sanctions. you know that one of the most important aspects of the sanctions was to

make financial transfers difficult for the country, and naturally, there were ways to circumvent and neutralize them. the contracts are okay , we will talk about them in more detail in the program. a few days ago , we had a financial agreement between iran and russia. international central bank is present, as well as mr. amiri, a transaction consultant first of all, the president with whom we will talk , i will start the conversation with you while saying hello to myself and the second. one country is the first monetary agreement between iran and russia to eliminate the dollar and work with our local currencies . the two countries have taken steps to implement this agreement and provided the necessary infrastructure. to us, there are measures

that should be taken in the currency and gold exchange center if the table is made in offshore rial or cross-border rial. the connection of mircea card network to iran's shatab network from the first week of september is one of the clauses of this agreement. in addition, iranian cards can be used in atms in russia. this plan or project has three stages. the second stage is that russian cards will be usable in iran , and the third stage is that our accelerated cards and accelerated cards will also be usable in the so-called network in their store acceptors. with this agreement, the exchanges of the two countries with local currencies are facilitated and the risk of costs resulting from the conversion of width it will be reduced for iranian businessmen. rizvan basfa,

radio and television news agency. well, we saw the report together. mr. karimi, please explain a little more to the viewers about this cash exchange agreement with national currencies, and there is a story in this regard that basically, when russia was sanctioned, we do it because we are dealing with russia, that they came to say that, for example. you, who were banned , should use your experience to reach this agreement. how true is this , in the name of allah, the merciful , the most merciful? in terms of the type of liquidity exchange of central banks , it is an issue that has been experienced in the world in the last one and a half to two decades, and since the economic crisis and recession that occurred in the united states in 2007 and 2008

, countries have been looking for their dependence should be reduced to dollars so that they are not vulnerable to the damage that occurs in the american economy, so the literature of de-dollarization, which means abandoning the dollar in foreign affairs , was well formed, so based on the embargo situation we had during the last one or two decades, by the way, almost at the same time, it happened in iran too think tanks, institutions, universities, researchers, sometimes economic bodies tried to work on this issue during these one or two decades, well, we also had experiences in this regard, and when we interacted with russia, which is a relatively large economy in the region, we encountered the decision of the two countries and the two central banks was to work on this basis and on this model based on the requirements of the economy of the two countries , which took place during ten years of intensive specialized work between the experts of the central banks of the two countries until finally

, thank god, in the past days in the financial congress of st. petersburg, the head of the central bank of iran as the special guest was invited and this contract. it was signed there, the idea is the idea of ​​the iranian side, yes , personally, what is going to happen , let's make it simpler for the viewers who want to see the trade between our countries inside the country, well , all countries use their own national currency , any purchase and sale according to the law every country should use the national currency of that country, but when a transaction between an iranian and a foreigner is to be accepted, neither the national currency is accepted nor our national currency is accepted. valid now i have nothing to do with what happened when the us dollar and then the euro, for example, became valid currencies . these are historical discussions. and the businessmen and

banks are involved in their foreign interactions, so now when this tool is supposed to be abandoned because this tool is actually a tool of abuse by the owners of this money. there are those who impose their own foreign monetary policies on other countries. the side of abandoning this money, although it may have been valid before, but due to the abuses that america and europe are using this money now , with sanctions, their own inflation will spill over into the world with the excesses of monetary policies. they themselves are harming the rest of the world and these countries, so the countries either because they want from tahri. are not vulnerable or because they want not to be harmed by their financial monetary policies, they seek de-dollarization. leaving aside the currency of the third country, de-euroization can also make sense, so now

between the two central banks, the two central banks decide to allow their economic entities to use their national currency for their foreign purposes , but for this, those economic entities and those merchants and the commercial banks that want to do this are worried about the risk of these national currencies, the devaluation of this national currency, whether they have the right tools to make remittances, do they exist in the banking network or not in these two years? the central bank of russia designed these and these we have implemented it and now that the central banks of the two countries are producing different amounts of rials and rubles in the accounts between them, that is, the central bank of russia is opening a rial account in iran . and in our vice president's fim accounts, we do transactions in rubles and rials in order to provide enough rubles and rials for the commercial banks and banking networks of the two countries. thank you, mr. amin. karimi also give an explanation

, in your opinion, how stupid or ineffective can this be? please tell me the effect of sanctions and its requirements so that, for example, this happens to other countries. in the name of allah, the most merciful, the most merciful , i am at your service and the esteemed viewers. what does real dollarization mean? it means that we reduce our dependence on sanctions and currency systems of third countries. now this currency can be dollars , it can be euros, it can be dirhams. and no matter how much we depend on the money and dirhams, they are exactly the same as dollars for us, they are the same for the same countries who are acting against us within the framework of the sanctioners, the transverse systems are also those structures in which we actually carry out these financial exchanges and the exchange of messages, such as

the message systems of multilateral media such as swift and banks and in fact, the exchanges that do these things , now we, because of the trade embargo conditions. in fact, it is done in countries like the uae, this is our financial discussions, in the exchange system , it is exactly one of the examples of the non-dollarization of the economy, that is, until as long as we have this design, it is done within the framework of the sanctions for we use our currency settlement, we are dependent and real dollarization has not happened, so what should we do? the basis of all these events that must happen and be done is that we align our currency and trade plan. your government, the government of shahid raeesi, was brought up. no, what does it mean? now, for example , we want to import basic goods, goods belonging to brazil, we are going to import meat, basic goods

, for example, flour, i don't know . our width and exports are to china it can be done. we ship the goods from brazil . we do the currency settlement in the uae , which means that our foreign currency trading space is completely disconnected and it is separated from all conditions . the embargo has aggravated this and made us have to for example, the money we earn in china should be transferred to our accounts in the uae and we want to spend money there, then we will pay in brazilian money. import from the same country and settle the currency do it bilaterally with that country, or on the contrary, where you have a large volume of imports , you can

also export to that country where you have a large volume of imports, and again, in your presence, you can exchange and settle the financial and currency settlement. do it in such a way that you will create a trade balance with different countries . when you create a trade balance, you can make the embargo ineffective. that is, why is the embargo effective for us now? in this territorial area , it has created a 10% foreign exchange cost for us. this money transfer creates a cost trust accounts, so to speak, they say that trust accounts are equivalent to those unofficial accounts that we have . this has created costs for us, because we earn money in one place, we have to spend money in another place. there has been a transfer between these, an informal atmosphere has created a cost for us, so that we can actually make the embargo ineffective under the same embargo conditions. this is an important embargo. we lifted means lifting the embargo when you can

make the embargo ineffective, and this is the most important aspect of the embargo. if this adaptation of the plan happens, it means that you will be on a trading level with different countries, then you can create official payment systems, which will actually create an lc in their format. officially issue the overestimates that we have in imports or the understatements that we have in exports and at least bring our trade to a normal and optimal state. to bother to do and that level of our business, for example, with russia, can be done completely within this framework and followed . this has been done. well, the compliance that you mentioned has not been completed because it has an agreement with russia, which was signed with other countries a few days ago. now, the example you gave for brazil is very similar to the conditions you mentioned, no, we should go in this direction. this is something that, for example , in a government, it may take three or four years for

it to come to fruition and for those developments to actually happen in the thirteenth government. this work was planted, really, a series of these actions that actually underpin this discussion it was the adaptation and exploitation of it. we can talk about the number of figures, for example, how much we exploited, how much we saved in the field of diversification of basic goods importation, and in fact, the modification of the method of value adjustment, which was one of the measures that was followed up in the first vice president. with the cooperation of various institutions, such as the ministry of oil, the central bank, the ministry of javad agriculture, and these were one of the measures , in fact, this was the framework for the adaptation of the commercial role. i had a question for mr. karimi the most important challenge that was raised in the middle, in order to realize the point that mr. amini mentioned , in any case, the tools that they are referring to, were done by the central bank, and do it like this example. what happened in russia, what were the obstacles in front of you that slowed down the speed of this work, which practically, for example, during

the last 3 or 4 years, to the point that mr. amini said, this work has not been put at all for the time being, why is it much more practical and practical? we didn't see each other. if you allow me to answer your question, i would like to clarify something because i used the word de-dollarization, and you also wanted it in your order, and so did my colleague. my dear, i want to say that i must open this up and make it clear first, because i saw that in the media, sometimes the media people involved in the media use the word de-dollarization for other purposes. in foreign trade, see that the dollar, like any other money, has 3 functions: one is a medium of exchange, one is a store of value, and one is a fivefold value. we now have the function of being an intermediary we leave the dollar aside. previously, the countries that

had large foreign exchange reserves during the years of recession and crisis in the american economy in 2007 and 2008 , i went to the direction of removing their foreign currency reserves, that is, their reserves from dollar status, because it has been damaged , but the measurement of the value of the dollar is still there, and at all, this causes you can't see us being sanctioned, it's like a meter, sometimes, for example, i saw, for example, in one place they say, sir, this project cost 100 billion dollars , then they say, sir, shouldn't we do dollarization, why do you say 100 billion dollars, dad, this is the unit of measurement. in the world, the dollar is still used because it is traded a lot in the financial markets of the world, everyone declares the value of the parity rate of their money in dollars and some other widths , so if one of these people wants to say that, sir, de-dollarization means that we say, for example, that this project is worth 100 billion, for example , or a few thousand. it cost billions of tomans. well, when

the costs of this project were non-riyal costs , now no matter what the width, i finally have to use one meter. measure this, so because i often hear them saying, mr. dollar-zadayan , for example, they cannot make the exchange rate not increase, for example, the exchange rate increases. but it means strength, it means that the rial parity rate against the dollar is decreasing, and this is because of our inflation, when we print more money than the economy needs, the money will appreciate. we leave the world aside.

billions of dollars, but we are doing all this with rials or sometimes other currencies, we may not use dollars, but this is a measuring tool, i can measure with any other rate, with any other currency, it is not understandable by the audience, i will not come at all. tell yuan or rob should i say all my business or should i say it in rials, he should go and convert it in his mind and see that because all the commercial statistics of the countries are announced in dollars, so now it is the function of metric and meter and measuring the value of the dollar , which is the cause of our boycott. no, it won't harm us. if you tell us, sir, why is the dollar, for example, becoming more expensive, i will say this again, this is because of the pollination of the riyal, which means that this is another measurement category and a measure of the parity rate of my money, when it is reduced to the dollar, which is to the yuan. it has also decreased in my ruble, it has decreased in yen , and now, instead of saying, for example, the exchange rate if i declare the rial to yen, i will declare the dollar , not me, all the countries of the world, then all the other parity rates

are also characteristic, so the approach of de-dollarization, which causes the inevitability of sanctions, or causes. it is possible to ease the sanctions, this means abandoning the dollar as a medium of exchange for foreign trade. now it is said, so let's go to national currencies. until now, in the last 10-15 years , sometimes they say, sir, our approach is to go to national currencies, but they are going away. for example , they worked with russian money, import and export were done with ruble, import and export were done with iraqi dinar, for example. do it with uae dirhams or do it with chinese yuan , then what will happen to iranian rials? why not create an exchange demand for iranian rial? in this monetary agreement , we created an exchange request for iranian rial, and every importer who wants to buy goods from iran after these instructions are issued, you must pay attention to the iranian rial, that is, we will exchange for iranian rial at the rate of one we created billions of dollars in exchange demand, which increases the amount

of exchange demand we make for our money , we make our money stronger, and the opposite effect. it has swelling the fact that america supports the world with its own money when it demands exchanges means that no matter how much money it prints because there is a demand for it , it is not possible. therefore, this monetary agreement is the highlight because sometimes they say, well, we used to work with local currencies before. yes, but rials were not used. now, with this agreement, we have convinced the central bank of an important, powerful country and a large economy to come and take 1 billion dollars of rials and allocate these rials for imports from iran. we will do the same in return. we also get rubles and for i import from russia, we use rubles , so it is mutual. what about the other countries ? let's go to the issue of obstacles that may exist or have existed. for example, why did not this happen to china? your question was, well, the main obstacle. sirah, what was the point of this agreement, we have been with the central bank of russia for 2 years , their advisors and sometimes other countries

entered this situation as advisors, we are discussing , they say, sir, the iranian rial is a volatile currency, so it is difficult for us to accept it. for this, we created risk hedging tools we convinced them that first of all, a large amount of them depend on our money and our economy, and secondly, that we gave them a risk hedging tool, they gave us a risk hedging tool for their own money. and there is no victory, so we were able to convince after two years. let's make our opposite country work with the iranian rial as much as the share of our exports to russia, so the most important obstacle for this development is the fluctuation of the currency of melimas. to convince the central government of a country that one billion

dollars is equal to what i am saying is to work with us for one billion dollars of rials over the course of one year . we sought to create a model and successful experience to convince the country. it will make things easier. now i will go to card payments later and when we get there, i will tell you that we had the same understanding about russia again. countries, now we, along with china, are ready to start using and introducing this model, because this model has been hammered out, it has entered the operational phase, and soon the transactions are going to take place, god willing, on this framework, and this itself will become an example and a practical example for for others to believe and believe that we can work with this model means that this model

has started to be used in working with other countries more than this, so it means that building trust was one of the most important components that made this process happen in every contract, especially banking and monetary contracts , this mutual trust is very important that we thanks to god, we were able to do this, mr. amini, you think in the fourth government. how much this tool can help, and basically , the 14th government of mr. mezikian's government , how much should we use these tools or not? there is no other way to remove the embargo except to neutralize the embargo, that is , when you go to the negotiating table, after all, the one who embargoed you embargoed you for a reason , another international and regional development. the islamic republic has been and has been gaining power , it is getting bigger, and because of this

, your opposite party has come to the conclusion that they should sanction you, so we still have the reason for imposing sanctions that have not been lifted . after all, our country is growing and growing . we are making plans with the countries of the region. we are doing it at the international level and these sanctions have been effective and finally put our economy under challenge. the costs of our economy have been created, so the reason for imposing the embargo has not been removed, not that the embargo was the cause of the strain, but it has had an effect on our economy, so when we have such a situation, the enemy is the one who imposes the embargo. our country has imposed and is pushing to lift the embargo unless it is for a short period of time, or if it is a show, or if it wants to put us to work, for example, then the embargo cannot be lifted in this way. one way to make it ineffective is the measures that have been taken by our friends in the central bank to provide the infrastructure, that is , now we can claim that the infrastructure for this

work is provided by russia, but the basic work that the 14th government should go to what's the point? it's about the trade balance, that is, why can't we be with china? for example, let's do this in a high volume, because we are not on a trading scale with china, we should have a large volume of exports to china, but our imports are much less. we have to go in such a direction that we actually increase our exports and imports from this country or , for example, with a country like brazil, we import nearly 5 billion dollars of basic goods from brazil. otherwise, if you actually create an infrastructure, you will also make money on the part that suits your business, more than that if you want. to use infrastructure and expand it, you have to create that balance. therefore, the 14th government should definitely have this as an important priority, which in my opinion should be followed at the level of the president and at the level of the first vice

president. from the central bank or just from the ministry of poisons, this is your most important action to nullify the sanctions and then remove the sanctions, so different institutions must be involved in it, that is, when we talk about this issue. the ministry of central bank is involved the ministry of agriculture is involved, the ministry of oil is involved , due to the multi-pronged nature of the matter, which is not the mission of any of these institutions , it should be followed at the highest level of the government. the same infrastructure creation that you mentioned by the central bank has done , how much money has it been able to spend on us? how much can it bring to preserve the currency? the most important effect is actually facilitating our trade in the exchanges we have with, for example, russia. gradually reducing the costs means that instead of going to convert these widths to each other, for example, how many percent there is 34, for example, it is possible. if it has a maximum cost from, for example, 1% to 34%

, it is called land conversion. i apologize for your presence, this lag and the distance that occurs in this currency conversion, and by the way, this is completely comforting. it means that our merchant can completely exchange the other side's foreign currency with rials without realizing that now the exchange rate is equal. it changes, and these are the sensitivity of the question of a digit number . let me ask mr. karimi, then i have a frequent question from you. mr. karimi, we can talk about the number of digits , for example, how much easier our businessmen's work has become, how much cheaper our exports or our imports have become. how fast it has become cheaper. yes, see, you asked how much this would actually satisfy the country's demand for width. see, exactly, now we are talking about the size of our trade balance. we used to have to provide width for all our imports from russia and buy it even if it was in rubles. if we wanted to do it, we should have had foreign exchange resources at our disposal to convert it into roud and barob from russia, but now dollars.

now , we had to convert everything into euros, euros, and euros, or we had to give the same currencies and import them from russia. or we should have converted it, if we had to , we would have converted the currency. now we have come and given one billion rials to the other party so that he will pay us, that is, i have agreed on one billion dollars right now. our agreement means that we need to reduce our currency. we gave it and he accepted that this one billion dollars of rials is needed to import from me and we convinced him that you have to import rials from me and this is the whole recipe and procedure and so on. it should be predicted and all effects and monetary implications of this contract should be taken into account it took some time until it was finally implemented. how much did you pave the way for the 14th government with all the work you mentioned? ask your question again how much the way is for the 14th government. because we are talking about china , we are also talking about other latitudes and other countries

. . i, because your question was also about merchants, before i answered your question, i answered your new question. your previous question was not finished yet . your previous question was asked another time . what are the benefits of merchants now? look at this matter. now the iranian banking infrastructure is completely in the rails a bank is located in the commercial infrastructures of the two countries , which means that before, traders had to trust each other , sending the goods through risky exchanges . they had a thousand and one problems. now , the businessman wants to get the money from his own bank. or don't give , it means that the risk for the merchant is completely lower . when the merchant can open a long-term lc, whether for import or export, he can plan production, which means he knows that it will be a while now.

therefore, i have nothing to do with the businessman anymore , i produce plans because he is committed to buy land from me and his money in these markets. the bank has to pay me, so i will produce and develop. many producers have approached us in the past few years and said, "sir, we are just doing our daily work with hawala . we don't have any other production plans at all, and many big business partners outside my country say that. because you mean because you are an iranian economic activist, you cannot be with me in the long term. work, and i can't count on you to give me this kind of money in 5 years , so i won't import from you, even if you are cheaper and of better quality, when the banking instrument is available, it can't be measured at all. to say how many percentages benefited the trader is much more than that, in addition to the fact that he does not give the percentages to the middlemen, that he eliminates the risk , that it is a tool that can make long-term profit, and this is a good understanding for a professional trader. it means how much this value creation

creates, so this part two. let's involve the countries with these agreements, then we will be able to eliminate that imbalance. it is true that we should go to the order of our colleague and dear friend who said to create a trade balance with countries, but sometimes it is not really possible to create a trade balance. when two countries' economies are similar, for example , two right shoelaces will never be a pair of shoes , one should be left and one should be right.