in the name of allah, the most merciful, the most merciful. responding to the assassination of the head of the political office of hamas is iran's natural right. the ministry of foreign affairs of the islamic republic of iran in response to the assassination of mr. ismail haniyeh in tehran, emphasizing the inherent right of iran in response to the aggressive action of the zionist regime against its sovereignty and territorial integrity. he declared: he expects countries and international organizations to adopt the necessary political, legal and punitive measures against this rogue regime. in this statement, the ministry of foreign affairs of our country acknowledges the responsibility of the us government as a supporter and accomplice of the zionist regime in committing this terrorist act. has emphasized. cyberspace users with. repeating the hashtags nahn kadefoun and martyr

haniyeh reacted to the martyrdom of hamas leader ismail haniyeh. users say that the path of martyr haniyeh and resistance continues. in the houses that have been destroyed, the children of gaza raise the image of the leader of the resistance. the same man who many people say remembered this picture with the news of his martyrdom. i thought that the western press described haniyeh as emotionless, but for me it shows the acceptance of the price of resistance, that the western empire never meant the first time i read the news of the martyrdom. not understanding the resistance, the zionists first killed ismail haniyeh, the leader of hamas.

kill his children and then haniyeh himself. israel is a terrorist. ismail haniyeh was calm when israel killed his grandsons. haniyeh and his family have been in danger for decades. before israel killed ismail haniyeh , the zionists killed 60 members of his family, including his three children and five grandchildren. cyberspace users say: the zionists wanted to end the genocide in gaza by doing this.

like him, many users have written: resistance with terror does not end. if the resistance was supposed to end with the assassination of the leaders, it would end with the assassination of sheikh ahmed yassin. the idea of ​​resistance does not die with the departure of its leaders. resistance persists and is passed down from generation to generation. fatemeh sharifi, sed and sima news agency.

at the beginning of the 20th century, the levant was one of the most important regions of the middle east. the levant was part of the ottoman empire in 1516 and remained part of the ottoman empire until the end of world war i in 1918. palestine , which was a province in the south of the levant, was an active part of the ottoman world. in commercial centers of palestine, including quds, jaffa, haifa was a thriving trade market. palestine had its own nation, it was a lively,

active, intelligent, intellectual and very creative nation. but world war i changed everything. in november 1918, the allies including britain, france, italy and japan defeated the allies. allies included germany, austria, hungary, bulgaria, most importantly, the ottoman empire b. britain and france conspired to divide the levant in a way that best suited them. but they could not, as a result, the league of nations temporarily placed palestine under british rule or guardianship. some christian and zionist writers jews described palestine as a land without a nation.

gentile christian zionist movement 200 years ago and even before the jewish zionists themselves. he made this false claim that palestine is a land without a nation and a handful of bedouins and uncivilized farmers live there. they claimed that there is nothing of value in palestine. even herzl said the same thing. but this documentary looks at this region in the 20th century from a different angle. in this film , we hear the words of historians and living witnesses who say: palestine at that time was not only a barren and uninhabited land, but it was a dynamic arab country with a developing commercial and social infrastructure. this documentary is the other side of the story of palestine. allahu akbar!

this is quds, this is the voice of palestine from quds , dear listeners , i greet you from the new part of our programs. the palestinian society in 1920 was a society in transition. the era of globalization in the last 20 years of the 19th century caused some development. this situation

was especially evident in the cities of jaffa, haifa and to some extent in quds. quds like the ports of gaza and jaffa to a center. had become commercially important. these areas together make palestine the center of trade with europe, the north africa and the middle east. these old commercial documents in the quds documents center are indicative of the commercial activities in these areas. quds used to export soap to egypt, italy and greece through gaza. palestine's export goods to egypt were from the port of jaffa, there were cotton exports to france and izmir, ghats and religious items to istanbul, italy, portugal, spain. gaza and jaffa imported rice and clothes from egypt, textiles from istanbul,

glassware from china, cashmere fabrics from india, and lead from france and the netherlands . at the end of the century. palestinian cities with support trade could keep pace with the development in other regions of the world. at the same time , transportation infrastructure was being created in palestine. a railway network was being built to connect jerusalem and other large and small cities with ports near the mediterranean sea. the opening of the main quds train station was a turning point in this part of the ottoman world. main station the palestine train was opened in jerusalem in the last years of the 19th century. the exact date of that year was 189.

this event was unforgettable. a high-ranking delegation representing the ottoman government had come from istanbul. they entered. were sanctified the ruler of quds is also there was. all the ambassadors and consuls in quds were there. the family and prominent men of the city also participated in this ceremony. they spread the red carpet and all kinds of food and drinks were available for reception. people waited for 3 hours.

with the arrival of the train, palestine prospered and the coastal cities were connected to the interior cities, trade prospered , all this led to prosperity. palestine became , there were other trains in other areas, not only in quds and jaffa, trains also go to egypt and the levant region. around the second half of the 19th century, the ottomans decided to

invest in creating an extensive transportation network in order to somehow connect jaffa to different areas of palestine, transportation in jaffa was connected to neighboring arab countries such as lebanon, egypt. later on , the raheen project appeared . i remember my grandfather likes lebanese folk music very much, the same zjal music, he and his friend always take a taxi from jaffa clock tower square and go to the street in beirut to

see the music being performed. there are other types of shops in jaffa, only in jaffa city, 11 tile factories it was made up. jaffa was the main port of palestine during the ottoman period, but the port of haifa quickly took the place of jaffa. in 1905, with the arrival of a branch of the hejaz railway, the port of haifa grew a lot. the railway went from damascus to the city of daraa in southern syria and from there to haifa. as a result, people could travel from haifa to damascus and the city of medina in present-day arabia. the importance of the railway was that

it connected the sea routes used for european colonial development and industrial development to land roads. later, this network expanded so much that it reached the city of kirkuk in northern iraq naftkhiz to other parts of the world. it happened practically, this railway line boosted haifa's economic progress because exports and imports increased. a strong line was created that connected this city with the three continents of africa, asia and europe. i want

to emphasize that this. and it also caused the revival of domestic trade, so that places like horan in syria and lebanon and east jordan were connected to haifa with the hijaz highway. it became more social. ottoman reforms caused interest europeans to this region in terms of capital. trade and communication became. this issue caused the growth of quds and haifa and especially jaffa. economic growth also occurred. the area was open. investments were activated and trade between cities was flowing. people who

had invested in beirut, sida and sur in lebanon, in the cities of eka haifa and jaffa. and gaza also had capital . merchants of nablus, hebron, quds, gaza , were investing everywhere in palestine. business initiatives at that time were very strong, naturally, for this situation. a large number of workers were needed both for the railway itself and for trade within the city, such as this port the ottoman era was growing, as a result, hundreds of palestinians, syrians, lebanese and even iraqis and hejazis

came to this city to work. the latter is clearly seen. i was saying that people from all over the middle east came to work in jaffa and other places in palestine, from lebanon , syria, jordan, egypt, yemen, hijaz, morocco and everywhere else. tens of thousands of port workers and palestinian citizens, the jaffa port authority has decided to employ workers who are not in the port be allowed to prevent but this radio report

shows that the british trusteeship with. how did regulations on the influx of foreign workers control arab workers? nothing demonstrates the development of palestine's infrastructure at that time more than the efficiency of the new railway network. if a train arrived in haifa a few minutes late, it would be reported. delay in the damascus-haifa train we learned that the damascus train was delayed by 5 minutes yesterday. this news shows that there was definitely a certain schedule at that time and people used to make appointments and time was very important for business agreements.

when they go, they have to pass through haifa in order to reach their appointment. palestinian cities became famous for their manufacturing sector. each of these cities had its own specialty. nablus was famous for producing a famous type of soap. hebron for the production of leather products. it was famous. eka is also famous because of elkert company's activities in the field of construction and oil exploration.

there were other companies in other cities as well as several factories where we learned the trade . i studied there for 3 years to become a 3rd grade worker. let's go higher i took the test and when he turned 22, i became a first-class worker.

other palestinian companies were also established to import modern luxury goods. botaji company was one of the most famous of these companies. the company had branches in several cities and imported electrical appliances, bicycles and a new music player. using the gramophone, it was possible to listen to music at home. when the gramophone was invented and spread all over the world and the region , butaji was one of the first companies to import the gramophone, and this shows that people are very interested in listening to gramophone records. as a result, other companies were established to make phonograph records. according to our elder, all day long in the streets and markets of haifa, the sound of music was heard, especially the songs sung by the famous egyptian arab singers. at

that time, the sound of music came from the houses and shops of haifa. this music played with the soul and spirit of the people. and people were very happy to have a gramophone. in the 1920s, automobile exhibitions gradually appeared in palestine. this issue was indicative of several points. the first issue is how far the land transportation network in palestine has progressed and the roads it was built to connect different cities together. in my opinion, it was not only about buying and selling cars , but this part had become very important. a series of services

had been created that made the palestinian economy grow in all different sectors. when talking about the history of palestine , several issues are usually neglected . these issues start from the second half of the 19th century. in my opinion, these issues are very important because they profoundly change the shape of the palestinian society . for example: from the middle in the 19th century , today's schools in jaffa have a number of those schools ottomanism and a number of foreign schools

estimate that at the beginning of the 20th century, only 2% of the palestinian population were literate, and these people were generally religious scholars and intellectuals. in 1948 , more than 50% of palestinian children were literate. world level it was wonderful, not only in the arab world , but there were many forms of education in palestine at that time. in the 1920s , there were a series of public schools, a series of arab schools, and a series of international foreign schools, such as the german school and the russian school, so we will see. there were many schools in palestine at the time. because of having professors and outstanding and excellent teachers were distinguished. they were famous in the arab world and even in the whole world.

me too in palestinian villages. there were different schools. this is a very important point. i am not saying that we had the best education system in the whole arab world. but, but we were definitely one of the best. in 1921, haj mohammad amin al-husseini was elected as the mufti of quds. one of the main priorities of his work as the head of the supreme council of muslims was to gather all muslim orphans in one place and build an orphanage for their accommodation and education. it was a technical school that taught all kinds of professions he taught students professions such as agriculture, carpentry, and even bookbinding and printing in this school

. the arab world witnessed an extraordinary event . the scout group and the orchestra group were formed in palestine. this group was not just a simple music group, but a real orchestra group in every sense . there were all kinds of musical instruments in it. knowledge. the palestinian society showed all the necessary signs to face the 20th century, but the promise of the british was always lurking under the skin of the society. britain's promise to the zionist movement was to support the formation of a land for the jews. after some time, this promise not only

threatened the development of palestine. rather, it became a threat to the existence of palestine itself. 100 years ago, the situation in palestine was very different compared to now. palestine was under the control of the british protectorate. there are those who say that palestine was just a barren land. but in fact, cities like quds had a commercial sector, transportation networks and a lively cultural life. arab intellectuals, writers and artists were gradually attracted to this region. interest in the development of new media, such as cinema and filmmaking, also increased. interest in the sport of hosting the event. and

international competitions also increased. the municipality of jaffa thought of hosting the arab countries' olympics. in these competitions, palestinian athletes became international champions. there was an arab female mesh champion who was famous in iraq and jordan. he had trained many female fists. his name was adib souqi. adib sarghi was a palestinian and originally from jaffa. before the day of nakbat. he could become the champion of the eastern miracle tournament. he was able to defeat athletes from syria, lebanon, and egypt in the competition that was held in the same cinema, which is only a few meters away from here. our cinemas alone it was not a place to show movies, but they were also our cultural centers. big gatherings were held in cinemas, along with political gatherings, we went to shows in our cinemas.

along with trade and culture, a dynamic political movement also grew. during the ottoman era, palestine had a representative in the house of representatives or the ottoman lower house. but with the beginning of british rule. the palestinian national movement was gradually formed in quds, which sought the independence of palestine. in 1919, the local muslim and christian groups held the first palestinian conference. 30 people present in this meeting rejected and demanded british guardianship it became