♪ ♪ ♪

♪ ♪ good morning. i'm jane pauley and this is a special edition of "sunday morning." it's the money issue. our annual look at the many ways money impacts how we work, play, and spend our lives. but we'll begin in the middle east where, as you no doubt heard, iran yesterday launched an air attack on israel. we'll bring you the latest from tel aviv, after which we'll move on to what we planned for you this morning, our money issue. for starters, it happened to the "great gatsby," sherlock holmes, and to mickey mouse as well. the copyrights expired, leaving them free and clear in the public domain. but what does that mean?

and why does it happen? lee cowan explains. ♪ >> reporter: walt disney is both a copyright holder and also a copyright user. we all are. from mickey to monsters. many famous works are now owned by all of us. >> if copyright lasts forever, it would be very difficult for a lot of creators to make the works they want to make. >> reporter: the balance between protecting creators and promoting culture coming up on "sunday morning." a love of pop-tarts is the inspiration behind the new movie "unfrosted." mo rocca gets a taste of life on the set with, who else, actor and director jerry seinfeld. ♪ >> reporter: jerry seinfeld remembers the first time he met a pop-tart. >> and that pop-tart box, putting your hand on that, you are going, you are going, i don't know what this is, but i'm

in on this. i want to be a part of this. >> reporter: well, now seinfeld's made a movie about them. >> we have split at only of breakfast. >> one of my favorite scenes. >> reporter: later on "sunday morning," jerry seinfeld's childhood obsession hits the big screen. you have no doubt heard the name, perhaps you even own a piece or two. this morning conor knighton heads to ireland and the home of waterford crystal. >> reporter: waterford, ireland, former viking settlement, the country's oldest city. it's also home to one of ireland's oldest brands. waterford crystal was founded here in 1783. >> how do you survive from 1783 to 2024? you constantly innovate, find new ways to do things and improve as you go. >> reporter: the past and present of timeless crystal ahead on "sunday morning." we like to think all that

plastic we place in the recycle container actually gets recycled. but this morning ben tracy tells us that isn't always the case. david pogue takes a look at the real costs of bitcoin mining. kelefa sanneh profiles family owned sneaker company, making a run for the money. tracy smith channels noted hollywood psychic tyler henry. martha teichner on houston's winning approach to homelessness. lilia luciano visits colombia where business is blooming. and more in our "sunday morning" money issue. we'll be right back. ♪ ♪

we begin with the middle east. where, as we told you, iran yesterday launched an air attack on israel. we get the latest from imtiaz tyab in tel aviv. >> reporter: the sound of sirens pierced the night sky as a wave of iranian weapons were intercepted over israel. the israeli military says it was

targeted by more than 200 drones, cruise and ballistic missiles. so far, we have intercepted and are continuing to intercept dozens of attack drones as well as cruise missiles and ballistic missiles outside of israel's border. >> reporter: on the streets of tehran, pockets of celebration for the unprecedented attack. it's the first time in history iran has directly targeted israeli territory. the assault was in retaliation for an airstrike by israel on iran's consulate in the syrian capital damascus earlier this month killing revolutionary guard officers, including senior commanders. while the attacks were being carried out, the gravity of the coordinated strikes was clear as president biden and his national security team monitored events from the white house situation room. >> and this move by iran marks

the most serious escalation in an already unstable middle east following hamas' deadly october 7th attacks, which triggered israel's massive assault on gaza, which has laid waste to the besieged palestinian territory and already killed tens of thousands. in a statement, iran's mission to the u.n. said the matter can be deemed concluded. however, should the israeli regime make another mistake, iran's response will b considerably more severe. despite initial reports of limited damage, the country says it will respond. it's only a question of how and when. president biden has vowed ironclad support for israel, but has also appealed for restraint. appeals which have largely been ignored by prime minister benjamin netanyahu over the past six months. the fear now is this could be the beginning of a dangerous

escalation that has the potential to spiral out of control. (vo) you might be used to living with your albuterol asthma rescue inhaler, but it's a bit of a dinosaur, because it only treats your symptoms, not inflammation. treating both symptoms and inflammation with rescue is supported by asthma experts. finally, there's a modern way to treat symptoms and asthma attacks. airsupra is the first ever dual-action rescue inhaler that treats your asthma symptoms and helps prevent attacks. airsupra is the only rescue fda-approved to do both. airsupra is an as-needed rescue inhaler and should not be used as a maintenance treatment for asthma. get medical help right away if your breathing does not improve, continues to worsen, or for serious allergic reactions. using airsupra more than prescribed could be life threatening. serious side effects include heart problems, increased risk of thrush or infections. welcome to the modern age of dual-action asthma rescue.

ask your doctor if airsupra is right for you. (vo) what does it mean to be rich? maybe rich is less about reaching a magic number... and more about discovering magic. wow. that's good. almond breeze? you like the almond breeze i got you... that's sooo interesting. what's happening, dad? with delicious taste and 50% more calcium. blue diamond almond breeze. don't just milk it. almond milk it. it's a concept framers of the constitution deemed so important, it's in the fine print. the idea that all artwork at some point becomes public property. lee cowan delves in the universe of public domain. ♪ ♪

>> reporter: for nearly four decades, united airlines licensed george gershwin's "rhapsody in blue" to be its musical identity. in 2020, however, jersey's jazzy classical classic fell out of the friendly skies and landed in the public domain. was what's that mean? >> the copyright expires. anyone is free to use and build upon that work. >> reporter: with no fees, no licensing? >> no, no permission. >> reporter: jennifer jenkins director of the center for the study of the public domain at duke university law school says there are a lot of famous works that don't belong to their creators anymore. >> peter pan! >> reporter: characters like peter pan, dracula, and frankenstein. >> it's alive! it's alive!

>> reporter: they are all now owned by us, the public. free for anyone to use to create something fresh. >> the public domain doesn't represent the death of copyright. it's the second part of copyright's life cycle. >> reporter: the concept of putting an expiration date on intellectual property was something the founding fathers put in the u.s. constitution to promote the progress of science and the useful arts. they left to congress, however, to decide how long the copyright term should last. >> if copyright lasts forever, it would be very difficult for a lot of creators to make the works they want to make without worrying about being in the crosshairs. >> reporter: "the great gatsby" was published in 1925. anyone who wanted to use elements from the novel, whether it be robert redford or leonardo dicaprio. >> i'm gatsby. >> reporter: had to get permission from the fitzgerald

estate, which held the copyright for 95 years. >> that's a really long time. >> it is a long time, yeah. >> reporter: do you think it's too long? >> i don't think it's too long. and then that's my personal opinion. obviously, i am biased. >> reporter: blake is fitzgerald fifth's great-granddaughter and a trustee of his estate. when gatsby entered the public domain in 2021, she watched as a slew of gatsby-esque projects were waiting at the starting line. >> i always hope there will be some faithfulness. we don't have any control over it. >> reporter: you have nothing now, right? >> exactly. we just have to embrace that. ♪ ♪ >> reporter: she has been invited a new post-copyright adaptation of her great-grandfather's work, a gatsby musical, which opens on broadway this month. >> i hope it's good. >> she comes first. he comes in. i'm like -- >> should we try it?

>> any group of artists is going to distill down a story through their own lens. >> reporter: the musical's director, mark bruni, and writer kate kerrigan. >> we didn't want to do something that was wildly different from the novel. we wanted to add perspective and layers to the novel. ♪ >> reporter: the truth is, most works aren't lucky enough to be economically viable for as long as f. scott fitzgerald's or ernest hemmingway's or even walt disney's. this year steamboat willie entered the public domain. it unleashed two of the most lucrative rodents in history. to be clear, though, don't go using this mickey or that minnie because they are still under copyright. it's only the big eared couple as they first appeared that's fair game. still, as soon as those first copyrights expired, we got this.

mckee's slasher film. >> we need to go! >> reporter: the same thing happened when a.a. milne's winnie the pooh entered the public domain. it's that kind of reimagination that many estates fear. >> what do i mean, holmes? >> don't you see? >> reporter: sherlock holmes is one of the most recognized literary characters from the 19th century. but sir arthur conan doyle's estate began to see its copyrights expire in the 1980s. >> mr. holmes, apologies. >> reporter: nevertheless, the conan doyle estate kept seeking licensing fees, arguing since some of the later sherlock holmes stories were still under copyright they should own the rights to all the characters still. >> at some point enough is enough. >> reporter: in 2013, author les klinger was about to publish

this adaptation of the supposedly copyright-free decorative when this happened. >> the estate contacted that publisher and said you need a license. and we said to the publisher, no, you don't. we thought it was wrong. absolutely wrong. and made us very angry. >> reporter: so klinger filed a civil suit in federal court. and he won. >> they didn't give up easily. they were trying to squeeze all the juice out of auto these lemons they could up until they run out of copyright. >> copyriht gives rights to creators and their descendants that provide incentives to create. the public domain is the soil for future creativity. >> reporter: there are surely more copyright clashes ahead though. characters like bugs bunny. >> what's up in, doc? >> reporter: superman and -- >> i'm batman. >> reporter: who all find themselves out of copyright

protection soon enough. even luke skywalker. eventually will find himself in the public domain, too. sometime around 2073. that sure seems like a galaxy far, far away. ♪ ♪ this portion of "sunday morning" is sponsored by t. rowe price, invest with confidence. investment opportunities are everywhere you turn. do you charge forward? freeze in your tracks? (♪♪) or, let curiosity light the way. at t. rowe price, we're asking smart questions

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such as eye pain or vision changes, including blurred vision, joint aches and pain, or a parasitic infection. don't change or stop asthma medicines without talking to your doctor. ask your child's eczema specialist about dupixent. the name speaks for itself. glassware whose quality is crystal clear. conor knighton takes us to ireland for a visit to waterford. >> reporter: every glistening piece of waterford crystal that ends up on a table begins in a fire. what starts as a molten mixture soon takes on any number of shapes. transformed into glasses and vases, buckets, bowls. one-of-a-kind sculptures and championship trophies. it's a painstaking process refined over centuries, which the company claims makes its crystal a cut above the rest.

>> if there is even the slightest flaw in a waterford, it's smashed. we never do second. so there is no room for error in waterford. we are luxury. with luxury, expect the finest crystal in the world. >> reporter: emily brophy is the marketing manager for waterford. founded in 1783, in waterford e ireland, the country's oldest city. >> a lot of people know waterford the name. i am not sure if they realize it's a place. >> absolutely. it's interesting. i had some visitors here a couple of weeks ago and they said, it's cool that the city named itself after the crystal. so we can't claim that. it dates back to 914. our brand dates back to 1783. >> reporter: many of waterford's employees have their own long histories with the company. >> my dad was here, i had four uncles, two brothers. it's a family thing really. >> reporter: it's also a royal family thing. charles and camila toured the

factory in 2022. the chandeliers hanging in westminster abbey are made of waterford crystal. as is the ball that drops in times square. >> the last 20 years, we have actually had the times square ball in new york. it's made up of many crystal panels. each year they change to a new theme. it's very special moment for very small time like waterford to be put on the map in such a way. >> reporter: the bulk of waterford's products are manufactured in sly stone. in the mid 1800s, financial troubles shut down production all together. >> the company closed. that was 1851. it wasn't until 1947 that we really opened. >> reporter: closed for century? >> almost a century. hope for everybody, right? waterford also resurrected after world war ii. a new era of creativity led to a number of designs still in used to, including the bestselling lismore pattern inspired by the

architecture of nearby lismore castle. waterford found success in selling its products to america. >> my dad used to work in a factory. i was working on the opposite side. then they decided to put us in america, father and son. we used to go to the stores over there and independent stores, signing the crystal. >> reporter: boyce is a master wedge cutter, a title that requires eight years of training to earn. he now teaches his craft to others, including yours truly. >> this gets tricky now. >> reporter: it's been tricky since we started. let say i is did not make the cut. >> hey, not bad. >> reporter: terrible! i would not get hired with that. >> no. >> reporter: if paul coady spots the smallest flaw, he tosses the piece into the recycling bin so it could be melted down and reused. >> there is an indentation on the rim there. >> reporter: oh, gosh, that

subtle? >> yeah. >> reporter: wow! historically, glass is mixed with lead to create cuttable eye-catching crystal with the signature look and sound. but times are changing. waterford started transitioning to a more sustainable lead substitute. some cutting is now automated. the company's trying to attract a younger demographic, emphasizing that crystal could be an everyday indulgence, not just something that sits on your grandmother's shelves. there are cheaper ways to get liquid to your mouth. >> absolutely. >> reporter: why is someone buying waterford? >> i think sometimes when you drink from waterford, sit up straighter. it's tactile. it's indulgence. to your point, kow drink out of a $2 sippy cup. it doesn't elevate the experience. it's about buying better, things that last. [ cellphone ringing ] phone call from the boss? sorry. outdoor time is me time. i hear that.

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involve a shovel and a pick, but times change. david pogue digs into the controversial high-tech world of bitcoin mining. >> reporter: seven years ago, gladys anderson bought her dream home in bono, arkansas. >> we moved out to get away from the business of town, the noise, peace and quiet. country living. >> reporter: last may, the quiet ended when this noise began.

>> it was like torture. like a form of military-grade torture. >> reporter: it's the sound of 17,000 computer fans in a bitcoin facility next door. >> this caused problems for me with my hearing, blood pressure, with the sweetheart, she gets migraine headaches. >> reporter: neighbor shane mark son takes decibel readings. >> 82 was the highest number. >> reporter: 82? >> 82. >> reporter: 90 is a hair dryer. >> right. >> reporter: the residents can't even move away. >> i don't know who would want to buy my house or my place, you know, with this kind of noise. would you want to live next to it? >> i have spoke to the county judge's office. the county administrator. i have called the governor's office several times. and i know hundreds of other people have called about it. >> reportr: what do you think is their reason for not doing something? >> money. it's money.

>> reporter: it is money. bitcoin is, make it stop! thank you. bitcoin is a digital currency with no centralized bank. transactions are confirmed by huge banks of computers run by people called miners. as an incentive to set up the facilities, the system periodically rewards the miners with freshly minted bitcoin worth hundreds of thousands of dollars. but all those computers burn staggering amounts of power and make a lot of noise. last year, arkansas passed what's become known as the right to mine bill. it prevents local communities from regulating these operations. >> we've got business friendly state. we've got inexpensive land. we've got affordable power. that is the perfect combination to be a cheap date for this industry. >> reporter: republican state senator joshua bryant was the bill's chief sponsor.

he figured that bitcoin mining would be good for the state. but there were some unintended consequences. >> what we found is that operators started operating in a manner that was not giving quiet enjoyment to the neighbors. >> reporter: he points out not all bitcoin plants are noisy. >> i would say roughly half the sites in arkansas are owned by the per se bad actors. >> reporter: arkansas bitcoin miner ben submit says mining plants can be very quiet. cooled by water instead of fans, built far from residents areas and fully enclosed rather than open air like this one. >> so it's all about design. and honestly how much money you are going to put in to be a good neighbor or good actor. >> reporter: so who is building up a of the cheap noisy plants? senator bryant says it's a web of chinese companies with ties all the way to the chinese government. "the new york times" reports that chinese bitcoin mines are now running in at least 14

states. but the chinese government isn't the only invisible hand here. the right to mine bill itself was drafted by a bitcoin advocacy group that's pushing similar bills in at least 12 other states. in arkansas, at least 50 bitcoin mining plants are planned and even senator bryant concedes his bill needs fixing. >> we are looking at a law, state law that will ultimately require these crypto operations to not generate noise. >> reporter: meanwhile, gladys anderson and her neighbors are suing. >> we've set up a gofundme. we have done some raffles. we most recently sold smoke pork butts. >> reporter: the lawyers say that the volume is within local limits and said in a statement that, our client is currently developing design plans to fully enclose the site within a matter of months. well, good, because gladys anderson won't be giving up. >> i'm a very stubborn woman,

and i'm a very scornful woman. i will become just as big of a headache for them because they are setting up everywhere. i

"sunday morning." here again is jane pauley. do you believe it's possible to communicate with the dead? each year, americans spend billions trying to do just that. this morning tracy smith is talking with one very happy medium. ♪ >> reporter: as psychics go, 28-year-old tyler henry is a pretty big medium. >> hey! >> reporter: his specialty, as seen on his e! network tv show, is helping folks connect with their departed relatives, like

bobby brown here. >> he is having me acknowledge this feeling of like i need my son to know how much i love him because i wish i would have said that more in life. >> so good so see you! how is everyone doing? >> reporter: he also has a road show that regularly celts out. >> she is completely at peace and fine. >> reporter: with tickets ranging from $50 to $300 a seat. >> do you know who johnny is? >> john is my brother. >> reporter: and henry says he has a 600,000 plus waiting list. >> it's like you are in my body. >> reporter: of people who want one- one-on-one readings like these. >> you are dealing with something that exists in a gray area. that makes people very uncomfortable. >> reporter: true enough. but it also gives some people a sense of peace. >> i am excited to see whatever comes in. >> me, too. >> reporter: like jim parsons, whom tyler helped find closure with his late grandmother. >> connected to your father, he

is having me go to the grandparent level generationally. they are having me reference to a name. it sounds something like may or some m, i'm seeing m-a -- >> may is my grandmother. >> awesome. >> he mentioned my grandmother may, nailed like that. she was apologizing, saying i am sorry for being a pain in the ass towards the end. >> reporter: when did this all start? when did you discover you had this ability? >> started for me when i was 10 years old. my first identifiable premonition happened in april of 2006. i woke up one night and knew my grandmother was going to die. and it was a case where it felt like it had already happened and i rolled out of bed and went to try to explain to my mom and as i was sharing this with her, her phone rang. when she picked it up, it was literally the news from my dad that he had just watched may grandmother die. so that really kicked it off. but i didn't recognize that as a talent. in fact, it was, you know, quite painful.

>> reporter: henry studied to be a hospice nurse but quit to start reading people full time. though he says that now in some ways he is doing same kind of work. how do you think this helps people deal with grief? >> i think helps people process emotions that they don't generally feel comfort processing. it's really a beautiful opportunity. one i don't take lightly and one that i think of as a responsibility. >> somebody over here, did anybody lose a niece? >> reporter: for those grieving, it can get pretty real. for instance, in a live show in new york last year, henry sensed that someone in the crowd had lost a niece. >> okay. i know i am in the front section, the way this is coming through -- >> reporter: and then he found a man who had recently lost his niece. >> i have to highlight a reference to the month of july. we are in august. july was important, all right? >> yes. >> this is a -- oh, i'm so sorry. >> oh! >> reporter: what do you say to

people who say, oh, come on? >> i think that it's important to embrace skepticism, never lose sight of our critical thing a thinking and use common sense. when it comes to grieve, it's something we are all going to face. if i'm able to deliver one thing, ununknowable detail, one piece of detail that validates to a person that there is more to life than what we see, then that is worth any skepticism i face, any backlash, because i know that i left someone better than i found them. >> reporter: of course, not everyone in the psychic services industry leaves people better off. tyler henry says half the people in his business aren't what they say they are. >> i know nothing. everything that i have, everything that comes out of here comes from the man upstairs. >> reporter: in the '90s, a woman named youree dell harris posed as a jamaican psychic named miss cleo and became the

face of a call-in psychic advice service. >> call for your free reading! >> reporter: turns out it was all an act. miss clauto cleo was from los angeles. when anyone asked her about it, as i did in 2003, she was let than forthcoming. where were you born? >> i will tell you the same thing i told the attorney general. i took a number five with him, that's the fifth amendment, and i will take it with you at this time. >> reporter: how about birthday? will you tell me that if you won't tell me where you're born? >> i'll take a number five. >> reporter: that is a no. tell me your sign? >> a number five. >> reporter: this is a beautiful spot. >> thank you. >> reporter: tyler henry knows there will always be frauds and skeptics, but he sees a future in his business, and says we shouldn't knock things we can't explain. >> consciousness is clearly very complicated. mul multifaceted. there is an element we clearly

don't understand. to be able to sit with a stranger and get an insight into their life as though it is one's own life, speaks to the fact that we're much much more connected than we realize. that felt like no other? a cruise created by foodies— for foodies. one chef for every 10 guests, every meal prepared to order, and every plate a personal discovery. welcome to the world of oceania cruises, the world's greatest cities and off the beaten path secrets. one memorable bite and toast at a time. it's more than a feeling. it's more than a cruise— it's oceania cruises. skin-carving next level hydration? new neutrogena hydro boost water cream. a vital boost of nine times more hydration* to boost your skin's barrier for quenched, dewy skin that's full of life. neutrogena. hydro boost. wow. that's good. almond breeze? you like the almond breeze i got you...

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♪ what a wonderful world ♪ ask your doctor about once-daily trelegy for copd because breathing should be beautiful. the word sneaker dates back to the late 18 00s. rubber soles made it possible to sneak quietly to iyour destinat. over century later, kelefa

sanneh tells us, there is a lot of noise about sneakers, one brand in particular. >> reporter: when you visit new balance, you will be judged. i can walk in a room and pretty much know what people are wearing quickly. and when you talk to the company's ceo joe preston, some things are better left unsaid. >> i feel a breeze come over the area anytime i say nike or adidas. and certainly when you look around, no one's wearing anything except new balance. is it tribal? is it competitive in that way. >> the industry is competitive >> reporter: you don't like to say their names, do you? >> i have. i have said them. >> reporter: nike brings in more than $50 billion a year. adidas exceeds $20 billion. pnew balance is smaller, but growing fast. revenue last year was $6.5 billion. a 23% increase from the year before. a brand once associated with steve jobs is now linked to

athletes and pop stars. >> we are trying to make the best product for athletes and there we are also making product that people can wear to express their personality, to wear on the weekends. >> i love them. >> reporter: new balance is older than its larger competitors. it was founded in 1906 in massachusetts where it is still based. in those days, they made inserts for shoes. >> based on a chicken's foot. if you notice the way a chicken walks, it's never really off balance. >> reporter: the first sneaker in 1961, a running shoe called the track ster. >> run like a chicken. >> reporter: chris davis is chief marketing officer. >> i grew up wearing new balance every single day. i consider new balace to be more like a brother or sister. >> reporter: perhaps because chris' dad, jim davis, bought the 66-year-old company in 1972. >> and what is he buying at that point? >> he is buying a running shoe

with six employees, making 20 pairs of shoes a day. >> reporter: by the 1980s, running was a fitness craze and new balance introduced the 990. >> it was the first shoe that broke the $100 barrier. but it was also the first shoe designed for runner specifically running in the city. >> a cutting department. a prefit department. a computer stitch, assembly. it goes around. >> reporter: raye wentworth oversees production. building a shoe piece by piece? >> we are. >> reporter: 990s have been made here in lawrence, massachusetts, since 1982. the factory helped revive the economy. >> so many of the people who work are from there. it's a sense of pride for the community, and a sense of pride for new balance. >> reporter: new balance has a second factory in massachusetts. three in maine, and a new one in new hampshire.

>> we want to be the best most premium sneaker brand in the world. the only way to do that is making shoes in the united states. >> reporter: at least some of them. most new balance shoes are made overseas. this is where the labs are, the science is. >> where the magic happens. >> reporter: recently, new balance opened an athletics facility across the street from the headquarters in boston. at their research lab they don't test athletes. just their shoes. >> this is flex testing. basically mimicking steps. a lot of steps at a very rapid rate. >> reporter: in 2019, chris davis also began a partnership with the american fashion label aime leon dore, first creating versions of the 990, then a year later reissuing a lesser known basketball shoe from 1989. the 550 blew up. >> 550 absolutely blew up. at the height of the 550, we were selling 80,000 pairs in a minute. like the 550 not only took the industry by storm, but took us

by storm. we knew it was going to be successful. we didn't realize how successful it could be. >> reporter: last year, teddy santis, aime leon dore's founder, signed on as new balance's creative director in charge of the made in the usa line. i am wearing new balance 650s right now. made in china. will these ever be made in the u.s.? >> we stick to our high-end premium retro running shoes in the united states. >> reporter: are you calling my sneakers low end? >> those are definitely premium.

many of us try to do the right thing. we dutifully separate plastics from our trash to recycle. but are we really making a difference? as ben tracy learned, the truth is complicated.

>> so many people, they see the recyclable label and put it in the bin. >> reporter: jan dell is a former chemical engineer who spent years telling "an inconvenient truth." >> for those of us who are constantly putting our plastic into the blue recycling bin and assuming it's going to the rebound place, what do we not know? >> you are being lied to. the vast planningty of plastics are not recycled. >> reporter: 48 million tons of plastic waste is generated it in the u.s. each year. only 5% to 6% is actually recycled. the rest ends up in landfills or is burned. >> these plastic pouches that you get in e-commerce -- >> reporter: dell founded a non-profit to fight plastic pollution. inside her garage in southern california are all sorts of plastic with those little arrows on. that make us think they can be recycled. >> means you are being fooled.

>> reporter: those so-called chasing arrows started showing up on plastic products in 1988. part of a push to convince the public that plastic waste wasn't a problem because it can be recycled. they didn't really need it to work. they needed people to believe that it was working. >> reporter: davis allen is an investigative researcher with the center for climate integrity. in a new report called the fraud of plastic recycling, it accuses the plastics industry of a decades long campaign to mislead the public about the viability of plastic recycling, despite knowing the technical and economic limitations that make plastics unrecyclable at a large stale. >> they couldn't ever lie about the existence of plastic waste, but they created a lie about how we could solve it. and that was recycling. >> reporter: if plastic recycling is technically difficult, if it doesn't make a lot of economic sense, why has the plastics industry pushed it?

>> they understand that selling recycling sells plastic, and they will say pretty much whatever they need to say to continue doing that. that's how they make money. >> reporter: plastic is made from oil and gas and comes in th thousands of the varieties, most of which cannot be recycled together. >> the possibilities of plastics. >> reporter: in 1980s when some municipalities moved to ban plastic products, the industry began promoting the idea of recycling as a solution. >> what we see in here is a widespread knowledge that plastics recycling was not working. >> reporter: allen showed us documents and meeting notes they obtained from public archives and a former staff member of the american plastics council. at a trade conference in florida in 1989, an industry leader told attendees, recycling cannot go on indefinitely and does not solve the solid waste problem.

in 1994, an exxon executive told the staff of the plastics council, when it comes to recycling, we are committed to the activities, but not committed to the results. >> they always kind of viewed recycling not as a real technical problem that they needed to solve, but as a public relations problem. >> reporter: the industry just launched a new ad campaign called recycling is real. >> and say they are investing in what they called advanced recycling technology. an industry trade group responded to "sunday morning" in a statement calling the center for climate integrity's report flawed and outdated and says plastic makers are working hard to change the way that plastics are made and recycled. >> it's the same process they were trying 30 years ago. and my response to that is it's signs fiction. >> reporter: jan dell doesn't believe plastic will ever be truly recyclable.

plastic production is set to triple by 2050. with so much plastic waste piling up on land an sea, more than 170 countries are working on a united nations treaty to end plastic pollution. in a letter to president biden about the negotiations, the plastics industry says it opposes any bans on plastic production, but supports more recycling. >> the only thing the plastics industry has actually recycled is their lies over and over again.

the federal trade commission might sound like just another faceless government bureaucracy, but the work they do can impact prices from your local grocery store to amazon. robert costa is in conversation with ftc chair lina kahn. >> reporter: monopoly. it's the game where you bankrupt competitors, buying up the board and charging sky high prices. but from her washington office -- >> there is a real battle for our country. >> reporter: lina kahn is playing a different game. >> anti-monopoly? you are playing that game in real life? >> we are. the experience is not quite akin to playing a board game, but there are challenges and unpredictable swerves. >> reporter: sometimes you roll the dice? >> that's right. >> reporter: kahn is chair. federal trade commission. she has rolled the dice with one buzzy lawsuit after another. big tech. >> the ftc suing microsoft to officially block its planned deal with activision. >> reporter: big pharma.

>> suing to block amgen's deal to acquire horizon therapeutics. >> reporter: big grocery. >> the government is trying to block the largest grocery store merger in american history. >> reporter: the ftc is an independent watchdog and warden of competition in business. >> when you have companies that are not disciplined by competition, oftentimes they can get away with abusing their customers, too big to care. there can be this basic indignity of being a consumer in america today, and that's what the ftc is trying to fix. >> reporter: kahn finds inspiration in the golden age of trust busting. when government broke up standard oil an the railroads. and views recent decades as easy street for big business. >> we are going to turn the bull loose. >> there was a clear policy decision back in the '80s that it was better for the government to be hands off.

i think several decades on we're really living with the cost of those decisions. >> reporter: one of those costly decisions, she says, was consolidation of the u.s. aerospace industry. >> over the last few months, we have seen firsthand how boeing not being checked by competition in the marketplace led to all sors of issues. >> reporter: kahn's biggest case so far, amazon. arguing the retailer's tactics punish sellers over prices. >> it can delist them from the buy box, make them disappear from the search results page effectively. amazon knows that a lot of small businesses live in constant terror -- >> reporter: constant terror? >> constant terror of amazon because they know with te price of a single button, a business see its sales drop by 80% or 90% overnight. a business can be looking at bankruptcy or liquidation if it g

gets on the wrong side of amazon. >> reporter: amazon is fighting back and says its practices provide good deals for customers. kahn's scrutiny of the online mega store began as a star law school student. and that stardom has only grown for the 35-year-old. >> boy, would you stay forever? >> reporter: even earning praise from so-called kahn-servafives. >> i think she is doing a good job. >> reporter: her critics are just as fervent. >> kahn's been a one-woman wrecking crew for your stock portfolio. >> reporter: casting her as an overreaching anti-business crusader. >> my problem is that you're a bully. >> reporter: is there a risk for the ftc taking an aggressive approach with these big companies? >> our focus is on making sure that we are enforcing the rule of law. and i see an enormous amount the

risk if you instead sit on your hands and don't address the problems that people face in their day-to-day lives. >> reporter: kahn's next move, investigating pharmacy benefit managers. >> hello. nice to see you all. >> reporter: in philadelphia this month, she met with independent pharmacists. >> over 300 pharmacies have already closed in the country. >> reporter: who say these prescription drug middlemen are hurting their bottom lines. >> we are losing money. >> reporter: and their patience. >> my voice is asking you, pleading to you, begging you, something has to be done. >> reporter: whether it's on the road or in court, lina kahn wants corporate america on alert. the only place you can get a monopoly is a board game.

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why are you wearing this now? >> why am i wearing it now? i'll tell you why. because the low talker asked me to. i said yes. i couldn't hear her. >> announcer: it's the money issue on "sunday morning." here again is jane pauley. with memorable bits like the puffy shirt, he turned a show about nothing into ratings gold. now he has made a movie about, all things, pop-tarts. mo rocca speaks to jerry seinfeld about "unfrosted."

>> when i was a kid -- >> reporter: it started with a stand-up bit. >> when they invented the pop-tart, the back of my head blew right off. ♪ >> reporter: and like any good comedy, it was based in truth. in 1964, when the pop-tart was introduced, 10-year-old jerry seinfeld fell hard. did you have a favorite flavor from the start? >> brown sugar cinnamon, obviously. >> reporter: i am surprised it took them that long to add frosting. two or three years. >> you think that's obvious, frosting? >> reporter: they look a little drab when they are not frosted. >> you are funny. i thought they were absolutely sensational instantly. but i did not know, and my parents did not know, these things are not food. >> they can't go stale because they weren't ever fresh. >> we are go launch. three, two, one.

>> reporter: it should come as little surprise that the man who headlined a sitcom about nothing -- >> no soup for you! >> reporter: has managed to build a whole movie out of that routine. >> in the early 1960s, the american morning was defined by milk and careeriam. the giants were kellogg's and post. >> major news from the breakfast world. the post cereal company reportedly invent a shelf stable food pastry breakfast project. >> reporter: his new film, underground tunnel, is a mostly made up ode to the processed food favorite. >> the story that we started with, and i think it's the only real thing in the movie, is that post came up with the idea, kellogg's heard about it very late, and decided to try to catch up. >> they got a fruit-filled pastry. >> who has it? >> post.

>> reporter: our own "sunday morning" contributor jim gaffigan plays edsel kellogg. when seinfeld asked him to sign on, he was there. >> i would never bet against jerry seinfeld. sometimes comedians can be funny for a decade or maybe a decade or two, but jerry seems to have transcended, you know, four, five decades now. >> ready, action. >> reporter: in addition to writing and acting, seinfeld stepped behind the camera for the first time. did you know you were going to direct it from the beginning? >> no. but i thought, what would be the least work? the least work is for me to just tell the actor how to say it instead of me telling the director and then the director telling the actor. >> reporter: it must have been fun casting this? >> so much fun. and hugh grant was the guy who made the movie. >> hello. >> reporter: playing a certain tiger. >> look who is here.

>> good morning. >> is it good? have you seen today's copy? >> we'll get it. we have the best cereal writers in the business. >> we are so blessed. they're great. just great! >> that's it. that's the line we've been looking for. >> reporter: seinfeld called on a bunch of his comedian pals, from amy schumer and mellissa mccarthy. >> stan, my friend, i believe we have split at only of breakfast. >> reporter: to sarah cooper. >> excuse me. mr. kellogg needs you much a meeting of the five cereal families has been called. >> reporter: what surprised you? >> he was very specific with what he wanted. there was a moment where tom lenin had to do a line where he had to do this, voy law! he did a take and jerry came over and adjusted his hands slightly like this and everybody is, like, how is that making it better?

>> behold. >> then he did it, and it was better. >> i'm precise. for my thing and what i do, i have to be that way. ♪ >> this is one of my favorite scenes in the movie. >> reporter: director jerry seinfeld walked us through a kellogg's style funeral for a taste pilot who blew up during the creation of the pop-tart, and, yes, that part is made up. >> you want to be in serious places in comedy because it makes it easier to be funny. >> reporter: why? >> the more you are supposed to act right, when you act wrong, it's funny. >> when a man gives the last full serving suggestion of himself only then is he truly deserving to be buried with full cereal honors. >> this is where we lay in our premise. the premise is full cereal honors. this is not something that you have heard of before. so you have the characters repeat it three times. >> cereal honors, mr. schwinn.

>> that's quite an honor. >> great honor. >> what is happening? >> oh! >> if you look at my face there, this is what's hard about acting and directing at the same time. i'm directing here. i'm just watching. are they doing this right? i have completely dropped my character. luckily, i don't take my work as an actor at all seriously. >> reporter: but he made sure the other actors felt taken care of. >> there was actually a moment on set that i think it was the only moment i saw somebody get a little bit tense. jerry was, like, guys, we're making a movie about a pop-tart. you know? he put it all in perspective so quickly. >> he would give a speech every now and then and it would be pretty inspiring. >> reporter: what kind of things would he say? >> i really appreciate you guys, your contribution. this is a really exciting thing for me. and he would speak from his heart. >> reporter: jim gaffigan, sarah

coop, when they were talking about you on the set, they described you as a leader, you give speeches. i'm a comedian. so i'm used to talking to people. in an uncomfortable situation. that's what stand-up is. this a very uncomfortable situation. we are expecting to laugh. you are expecting to be funny. >> reporter: that's not that different from a movie set. >> this is all awkward, and everyone's nervous. >> these things are the greatest two rectangles since the ten commandments! >> reporter: since this is "sunday morning's" money issue, we had to ask whether kellogg's was in on the action. >> kellogg's did not have anything to do with this movie. when you see the movie, you will understand no company would want a movie made about their product like this. >> reporter: right. it becomes abundantly clear? >> yes. excuse me, would you mind taking a picture of us? (tony) oh, no problem.

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homelessness is one of our nation owes most intractable challenges, but increasingly pliticians have their eyes on a texas city that seems to have found a winning formula. with martha teichner, we head to houston. >> good morning. >> how you doing? >> reporter: an apartment and brand-new furniture donated by a local tretailer. and a tv. >> oh, my gosh, it's baseball season. you don't know how much that means to me. >> reporter: a lot of bad luck. >> it's perfect. >> reporter: led 62-year-old army veteran julie blow to homelessness. serious kidney issue, a fall that cost her sight in one eye, two surgeries. she couldn't work and ran out of money. >> i feel like a teenager. i'm that happy. you know, before all this stuff happens to you in life and you get jaded, i feel like a

teenager. >> reporter: a 320 square foot studio. nothing fancy. but for julie, luxury after the tent where she had been living. and for houston, one more piece of evidence that its strategy for solving its homelessness problem works. is houston the model that the rest of the nation should look at and follow? >> yes. >> reporter: kelly young heads houston's coalition for the homeless. >> we were one of the worst in the nation to begin with in 2011, 2012, and now we are considered one of the best. >> reporter: what happened? in 2012, the city went all in on a concept called housing first. since then, homelessness is down 63% in the greater houston area. and more than 30,000 people have been housed. >> oh, wow!

oh! >> reporter: housing first means spend money on getting the unhoused into their own apartments, subsidize their rent, then provide the services needed to stabilize their lives, not fix the person first. not just add more shelter beds. >> i think our natural instinct when we see homelessness increasing is to hire more outreach workers and build more shelter beds. >> reporter: mandy chapman semple was the architect of houston's success story. >> what's exciting, we have been able to move on to families. >> reporter: and now advises other cities how to replicate it, among them dallas, new orleans, oklahoma city. >> the idea that if you have no permanent place to live, that you are going be able to transform and tackle complex mental health issues, addiction issues, you know, complex financial issues, it's just unrealistic. >> reporter: in houston, step

one was convincing dozens of unconnected agencies, all trying to do everything, to join forces under a single umbrella organization, the way home, run by the houston coalition for the homeless. >> good morning. >> good morning. >> reporter: so, for example, when outreach coordinators visited this homeless encampment -- >> how are you doing? >> good. >> reporter: jessalyn dimonno was able to plug everything she learned into a systemwide database. >> and it actually logs in real time where people are staying. so individuals as well as encampments. >> reporter: houston has dismantled 127 homeless encampments, but only after housing had been found for all of the occupants. so far this year, the way home has already housed more than 750 people. it helps that this city, unlike

many, has a supply of relatively affordable apartments, and that it was able to use roughly $100 million in covid aid to help pay for rentals. on top of its other homeless relief dollars. >> i am going to frame them. put them here. >> reporter: but houston's message is this. >> a big part of my life, that i made it. >> reporter: what's really essential to success is committing to homes, not just managing homelessness. >> what houston has done for this country is it's established a playbook that now allows any city to do the same, because we have proven it can be done. >> thank you so much. yes, sir, houston strong. that's me. >> thank you. >> good luck. >> thank you so much. thank you, sir. and show off clearer skin and less itch with dupixent. the number one prescribed biologic by dermatologists and allergists, that helps heal your skin from within. serious allergic reactions can occur that can be severe.

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now we're off to the mountains of colombia where, as lilia luciano discovered, business is blooming. >> reporter: as a gesture of love in celebration, or just to say hang tin there, nothing sai it quite like flowers. >> you're welcome. have a great day.

>> reporter: though you may not know it, beyond the beauty, a big part of their lure comes from the far off land, culture, and the people who grow them. high atop the mountains outside of medellin, colombia, sits the londono family farm where four generations have been working the fields. >> i had never seen flowers this bright, this rich, this colorful. what's your secret? >> you sprinkle it, you give it love. love is the secret. you say that a flower is like a woman. if you don't give it love. you talk to them. >> reporter: that and the optimal soil and climate of colombia's flower growing regions, it's what makes medellin the city of eternal spring and the world's flower basket. every year, the londonos and other growers attend the feria

de las flores, the festival of the flowers, to celebrate the beauty and bounty of their blooms. there they showcase the wooden flower carriers they parade on their backs. the 2,000 flowers displayed weighs more than 200 pounds. before him, it was his parents, blanca ligia and ivan de jesus, who shouldered the londono family legacy. year after year, the family vies with 400 other growers for the top prizes. there is almost a million people that will be seeing this. what does that feel like? >> feliz. >> reporter: happy. >> 75% of the flowers imported in the united states are from colombia. we are the most important exporter of cut flowers for the

united states and the second in the world. >> reporter: juan david lecuona leads the largest chrysanthemum breeder in the world located in the outskirts of medellin. >> labor is so cheap here, because you know we have growers and stuff. the problem is labor -- >> reporter: more expensive there? >> like $15 an hour. that's like two here. >> reporter: colombian flowers are sold in all 50 states, a nearly $2 billion industry. >> the carnations are from colombia. then we have these beautiful butterfly ranunculus. >> reporter: gary page has been a wholesale florist in new york city's vibrant flower district since 1984. why do you choose colombian flowers when you do? >> because of the quality and price. >> reporter: and those colombian flowers also foster jobs here in the u.s. >> you got the drivers that pick up, the people who put together the arrangements, the people who

man the stores. it's commerce. it's commerce at great scale with a perishable product. you better be on your toes. >> reporter: a global chain rooted in local tradition. >> a special person goes to the same palot of land every week ad creates a product like the flowers and then sell that flower to feed and clothe their children, education. >> reporter: it was thanks to our flowers and effort that we were able to send all of our eight children to schools, he says. and although one of those children dreamt of being an international soccer star, though not in a jersey, millions of fans still got to know his family name. i've struggled with generalized myasthenia gravis. but the picture started changing when i started on vyvgart. ♪♪ vyvgart is for adults with generalized myasthenia gravis

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i'm jane pauley. please join us when our trumpet sounds again next "sunday morning." ♪ i'm margaret brennan in washington. and this week on "face the nation," iran launches a massive retaliatory attack on israel. will it lead to a major escalation of conflict in the