♪ >> good evening. on the newshour tonight, a gunman kills more than a dozen people at a university in prague , making it the worst mass shooting in the czech republic. a congressional impassive reporter funding highlights why the u.s. immigration system is

not equipped to handle the record number of migrants arriving each day. tensions rise in southern lebanon as israeli forces and hezbollah trade fire, with civilians caught in the middle. >> the best resolution is the conflict stops. the military operation stops. the united nations take over and all parties agree to this. ♪ >> major funding for the newshour has been provided by -- >> pediatric surgeon, volunteer, topiary artist. at raymond james financial, we tailor advice to help you live your life. life well planned. >> consumer cellular, how may i help you? this is a pocket dial. i thought i would let you know

that with consumer cellular, you get nationwide coverage with no contract. that is kind of our thing. have a nice day. ♪ >> the kendeda fund. investing in transformative leaders and ideas. carnegie corporation of new york , supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement , and the advancement of international peace and security. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪

this program was made possible for the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions by viewers like you. thank you. >> welcome. one of europe's most majestic capitals was shattered today by gunfire. saturday will be a day of national mourning. prague is on high alert after the mass shooting at a university building downtown. he was an eyewitness. >> there were a couple of bangs. i did not realize it was a shooting. suddenly there were students and teachers running out of the

building. >> he found this video of police brushing to secure the scene. police say the suspect was a 24-year-old who had expressed suicidal thoughts. he killed his father before going to prague to continue the violence. he opened fire on the philosophy department, where he was a student. the shooter has not been named. police say he was killed. please have there was no indication that this attack was international terrorism. >> we want to ask for some understanding because the investigation is ongoing. at the moment, we do not have final information. we have not started identifying those who have been shot. the area has to be safe for others. >> this is the worst mass shooting in the history of the czech republic. >> we are doing every thing we can to provide assistance for those who have been victims.

let us now think of those who have lost loved ones and for who this christmas will be unimaginably sad. >> as night fell, authorities searched the area for any further threat. tensions remain high as christmas time is one of the cities most busiest tourist seasons. >> the u.n. world food program warrants that the war in gaza has left over 500,000 people starving. officials say 90% of people there they stays with nothing to eat at all. they forecasts a famine unless something changes. >> i have seen afghanistan, syria, south sudan, northeast of nigeria, pretty much everywhere. i have never seen something at this scale. as is happening in gaza. and at this speed. how quickly it has happened.

just in a matter of two months. >> also today, the who officials who visited northern gaza said none of the hospitals there are still functioning. only nine health care facilities are still running in southern gaza. the fighting in gaza still shows no signs of abating on the ground or the air. intense israeli strikes sent families ducking for cover behind cars along the southern border with egypt. israel interceptors knocked out hamas rockets aimed at tel aviv. both sides insisted they will not back down. u.s. officials vowed that negotiations will not stop. >> we are working on it every hour of every day. there have been serious talks and negotiations. we are trying to get back into another pause and a hostage exchange. i will not go into the details of that but we are very serious about getting that back in

place. >> negotiations continued of the un security council. in sudan's civil war, the u.n. now estimates a new burst of fighting has forced 300,000 people to flee what had been a safe haven. conflict spent -- spread this week. half a million people have sought refuge of the region after the war erected in khartoum last april. back in this country, rudy giuliani for federal bankruptcy. i came days after a federal jury made him pay millions of dollars to two former election workers in georgia. he was found guilty of defaming them after the 2020 presidential election. a new california law that banned carrying concealed guns in public parks, churches, and

playgrounds is now on hold. the federal court said it would deprive people of their ability to defend themselves. they said the law is repugnant to the second amendment. the measure had been set to take effect on january 1. stocks recouped most of their losses thanks to strong profits reports. the nasdaq rose 186 points. with christmas close at hand,'tis the season for ice-skating in church. a holiday tradition in belgium. the walls are adorned with holiday lights.

>> it is very ecological. we give the church a service. >> the church is a historically religious landmark and is no longer used for actual services. still to come, the case of a fugitive defense contractor who has been returned from venezuela. attacks on container ships in the red sea by rebels disrupt global trade. a new book explores the historical struggle between workers and the technology that could put them out of a job. and we sit down with george clooney to discuss his latest directorial credit. >> this is the pbs newshour, from our studios in washington and in the west from the walter

cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. >> on the u.s.-mexico border, agents are encountering a record number of migrants. more than 10,000 a day. in texas, thousands are waiting to be processed. border officials shut down freight rail crossings of the weekend after detecting a surge of migrants being smuggled by train. yesterday, plane carrying recent immigrants was sent to chicago, where leaders are struggling to provide services to new arrivals. we have more on the forces overwhelming the immigration system and posble solutions on the table internation capital. >> to underscore just how serious this is, the president spoke to the mexican president about the urgent need for more enforcement. secretary of state blinken and the homeland security secretary will head to mexico in the coming days.

republican house speaker mike johnson is urging the president to take executive action to tend -- stem the tide migration. many see the system is broken or at its limits. i am joined by our guests. she is a former commissioner of the immigration and naturalization service. and a senior fellow at cleveland state university and a longtime congressional researcher on immigration. i want to start with you explaining the push factor. how do you see this moment right now in world migration? >> we are in a new global era. this is happening all over the world. we are seeing large new flows of migrants. it is a combination of things. the post-pandemic, when most countries of the world have not come back as quickly as we have in the u.s.

it is failed states, corruption, violence. climate issues. and it is persecution and discrimination. >> we have established this is a global historic moment in migration. help us understand the pressures and idioscrasies of this hemisphere. >> we are in a unique situation. there are millions of displaced people around the world. most of the organizations are on a war zone. in africa, the middle east, asia. this hemisphere has not gotten the same attention from a lot of the international organizations. they might not have thought the situation was as severe as other

parts of the world. we are now seeing this phenomenon as we just discussed happening here that is happening around the world. we are feeling the same pressures, but it has not gotten the same attention beyond the u.s. about the pressures in this hemisphere. >> the way we see this manifesting right now at the border with the surging numbers of migrants, talk is about those crossing it illegal parts of entry. they are using the asylum system. can you talk about how the system was designed for individuals? >> it is certainly the case for the u.s. and other countries around the world that have asylum systems that come from after world war ii. these systems were never set up to manage and be responsive to

huge humanitarian crises. we have a system that has worked pretty effectively until a few years ago. at that time come across the southwest border, which had not been a source of asylum-seekers, we began to see people from this hemisphere. they were seeking asylum because of the things we have been talking about. and because there are no other ways to access the u.s. for people who are working for -- looking for work in the country. some of these people have family members in the u.s. or are looking for jobs in the u.s. some are eligible for asylum, most are not. but asylum is the only way to get access to the u.s. immigration system because our laws are so out of date. >> some legal pathways have closed. this has led to a huge backlog we have seen of asylum-seekers

in this country. i want to look at some statistics that come from syracuse university. you talk about asylum right now. they are waiting to be processed. the average time for them waiting for a hearing is almost four years. that number is higher in other states. there is a big discussion in congress, can earn system ever handled this amount of people? >> one of the things you have to bear in mind is when you ratchet up border security, you do not to commence or funding for the related portions of implementing that type of policy. we did not do commensurate spending for immigration judges and other kinds of processing

centers that are part and parcel of our extensive border control strategy. i think if we fully funded these other components of the processing centers, we would be better situated to process these asylum claims. >> i have heard we have gotten better in apprehension but at the same time our system is not handling this situation. their conversations and other countries talking about how to more easily deport people that do not qualify for asylum. what is the conversation you think we should be having? >> i did we need to take a look at whether or not we need additional pathways. there are a lot of individuals who probably meet the credible

threshold. i know we do not have time to discuss what that means. they may not necessarily be refugees under the cold war definition. taking a more complete look at the pathways for someone to come into the u.s. we know immigration is a net good. that needs to be done. but i want to say, the onus is on congress. that is where the power resides. the executive branch can only work on the margins. congress sets these laws and makes these decisions. >> to me the large question is, how does immigration fit in america's future? we are country that is aging. we have been the technology leader around the world. innovation will be our competitive advantage. immigration is a critical element of america's success. we need to treated as an asset and have a system that is actually aligned with our

economic needs as well as our humanitarian traditions heading into the future. we are not having that discussion. >> a couple of great immigration experts. we have started a discussion here and we are thankful. ♪ >> israel and the lebanese paramilitary group hezbollah have been trading fire across the border in a slowly escalating conflict. hezbollah fired missiles into israel, injuring two civilians. more than 100 lebanese have been injured. it is really officials are saying they are ready to invade southern lebanon, raising fears of a regional war.

>> another hezbollah fighter is laid to rest. more than 100 killed since the group reopen this long simmering front with israel. he was killed in an israeli strike. his death is celebrated rather than mourned in a struggle they consider holy. they have been on most daily funerals like this. they are very public. that is because of the deeply rooted cultural martyrdom. and to show the group is doing its part in supporting hamas. with every death, defiance grows toward israel and the u.s. death to america, they shout, as they foul to fight on. public expressions of grief are not welcome. the mother of the slain fighter does not shed a tear. >> we are hezbollah until our

last breath, she tells me. israel knows the meaning of these words. just site for palestinians, for lebanese as well. this conflict is not start in october. she lost two other sons. the youngest when israel last invaded lebanon in 2006. the war does not seem to end. they know this is our land, she says. we are within our rights. >> when israel comes to take our land, we will not accept it. we are obligated to give our blood to defend their homeland. our women and men are strong. >> a warning to is really officials who have called for foreign troops to create a puff -- buffer zone. the u.s. has labeled hezbollah a terrorist organization. but here there is widespread support.

they should stop messing around and trying to bring a state here. they have a state that is from us and within us. hezbollah draws much of its legitimacy from israel's violation of lebanese sovereignty. israel first invaded in 1978 to fight palestinian factions based tear, and again in 1982. that is when hezbollah was formed with iranian support. israeli troops withdrew in 2000 but the conflict fared -- flared again in 2006. they are supposed to keep a lid on fighting. we traveled to their headquarters. >> this is aligned demarcate the border between israel and lebanon. we can actually see the border fence as well as some charred areas that have been burned. >> hezbollah uses the thick

vegetation around here to carry out guerrilla attacks. israel's shelling has killed at least 17 civilians, including three journalists. >> any attack against civilians is against international laws. the killing of civilians is definitely against international law. the amount to war crimes. >> the task is to monitor and investigate such violations. but this is become increasingly difficult. >> definitely the capability to patrol has been affected. it is important for us to be protected. >> according to a 2006 u.n. resolution, has the lot is

supposed to withdrawal 250 miles north and head over control to the lebanese army. but hezbollah has become more powerful. >> we are going to counter the rocket launching operation. we have to locate and report their place. possibly for rocket launching operation. >> patrols like this are of little effect. since october, peacekeepers have only found three rocket launching platforms, and they do not have the mandate to seize weapons or use force to stop attacks. >> the action taken by the lebanese armed forces. >> it is up to them to prevent

hezbollah from launching attacks? >> yes. >> many say the lebanese army lacks the capabilities. after the currency collapsed, lebanese soldiers learn -- earn less than $100 per month. they also lack political leadership. despite these challenges, sunsetted communities preferred the army over hezbollah. in this christian town, we meet one of the village chiefs. >> the best solution for our area is that the conflict stops, the military operations stopped, the lebanese army and the u.n. takes over and all parties agree to this. >> he takes us to a viewpoint over the valley where israel and hezbollah have been trading fire. more than half of the villages inhabitants have fled. the farmland surrounding it has become off-limits. deadly shells rained down every

day. >> these farms have been affected a lot. the olive trees have been destroyed. walnut farms have also been destroyed. >> this is one of several areas where there has been white phosphorus used. it may have been unlawful. >> there was a lot of white phosphorus. all of the farmland has been destroyed. >> not long after we arrived, israeli tanks began firing across the border. the valley behind us has seen intense shelling. here in this village, it has remained relatively quiet. that is because christian communities to live tear did not allow israel and hezbollah to use these areas. >> any weapons other than those of the lebanese army are

forbidden. >> he always used -- already lost his restaurant. he wants them to stay out of this war. >> why isn't syria fighting for the palestinians? why isn't egypt fighting for them? why should lebanon bear this alone? >> this is a question on everyone's mind. every stripe and every counterstrike could be the spark. ♪ >> one of the world's top trading routes, the suez canal, is essentially closed for business to many shipping companies. that is because hoopty militia

-- houthi militia have been attacking ships. >> the world's biggest shipping companies are detouring thousands of miles and going around the cape of good hope at the southern tip of africa. that is adding full kelce -- fuel costs and time. some tanker groups said they were suspending use of that route. >> it is around the cape of good hope. that adds 20% to a journey.

it is not just the time alone that matters. the price will go way up. it will have an impact on the east coast. a lot of trade goes through the suez canal. supply chain's have faced a lot. how big a deal is this to the supply chain and have resulted are they? >> it is a pretty big deal. we have really resilient systems. almost miraculous infrastructure

supports the global economy. but something just like this is all it takes. a small group of rebels shooting some pretty impressive missiles and drones. it does not take a huge well-funded ward to disrupt this. we have been through a lot of those. >> was the potential impact? >> the thing to watch is that for the last year or so, we have really been in a deflationary environment. prices have been coming down from the peaks we saw in the pandemic. people assume that inflation was on the way out. ocean freight, if you listen to retailers, they have been saying the ocean freight is cheap. there is excess capacity. it will not be the impact we had. we have seen the prices for

ocean freight coming down. versus a couple of months ago. >> the impact is already being felt. in a sense of how long it is before it really becomes a big problem? >> i think it is wait and see what happens. they were not able to stop this. it is an extension of the conflict in gaza. as was explicitly stated. it is not easy to see how there is a simple overnight solution. >> the u.s. is leading a

multinational force that will patrol the red sea and tried to protect merchant ships. will that give shipping companies and of confidence? >> i think it is difficult to say. it will be about crewmember safety. i'm sure you would make the same decision. to stay far away. if you sail into a war zone with a ship, your insurance is probably boyd. -- void. this is not an easy solution. saudi arabia has been at war almost a decade with yemen. the rebels have said this is

tied to the conflict in gaza. it is not something with an easy solution. not easy to see how this resolves very quickly. the suez canal is incredibly valuable. >> thank you very much. >> my pleasure. ♪ >> yesterday, the u.s. agreed to release a close ally of the venezuelan president who have been charged with conspiracy to commit money laundering. venezuela released 10 americans and since the u.s. one fugitive. his nickname is fat leonard.

there was a huge scandal in the u.s. navy. more than 700 military personnel were investigated and several lost their jobs. so who is he and what did he do? we turn to a reporter who has come this extensively. there is a book coming out named fat leonard. welcome back. what did you think when you learned he was part of this prisoner swap yesterday? >> we had known he was a bargaining chip. he was arrested in caracas in september of 2022 on an interval red notice -- interpol red notice. he escaped u.s. custody in san diego. he went to mexico, then cuba,

then venezuela, looking for a place to hide out from u.s. authorities in a country that was hostile to washington. washington does not have diplomatic relations with venezuela. so he thought that was a safe place. they thought they could get release of him. that is what happened. >> so many fascinating details. let's start with who he is. why is he someone the u.s. wanted back on u.s. soil so badly? >> leonard francis is 59 years old. he is a malaysian citizen. he was the owner of a very large defense contractor company based in singapore. over a quarter of a century, he basically cornered the market on resupplying u.s. warships every times they visited ports in asia.

they went to hong kong, singapore, sydney. his company resupplied and refueled these ships. they offered protection. when he did over 25 years was he couched the navy by -- gouged the navy by tens of millions of dollars. he was able to perpetuate this fraud with an old-fashioned way of bribing u.s. navy officials. he bribed scores of navy look the other way so he could doubt -- gauge u.s. taxpayers out of millions of dollars. he bribed officials by taking them to fancy restaurants in asia, giving them free vacations, and supplying them with lots of prostitutes.

it was a very sordid scandal. >> you write that the navy really did not begin investigating him in earnest until 2010. there have been reports about what he was up to for a while. what did it take for the navy to start looking into this and investigating it the -- itself? >> from almost the end of the clinton administration, if you can think back that far, there were reports from navy officials that the company was overcharging the navy. was faking its invoices. pumping more sewage than was possible from ships and billing the navy for it. these were reported to the in cis -- ncis, which is famous for the shows on tv.

they did not look into these complaints or would close them up pretty quickly. leonard francis penetrated ncis. he had at least one agent on his payroll who you bribed to feed him law enforcement documents. that worked until his capture in 2013. >> you mentioned he slipped detention in san diego and made his way to venezuela. how did he do that? what happens to him now? >> it is a mind blowing story. he became cooperative with the justice department. he provided incriminating evidence against hundreds of u.s. navy officers who had attended his parties, accepted prostitutes. finally they let him out of prison. he was awaiting sentencing because he got sick so he received vessel treatment.

he was on home detention in a million-dollar mansion in san diego. all along authority study he was too sick to flee. what happened over labor day weekend in 2022 is he flew the coop. he sliced off his ankle bracelet, called an uber, and went to the border at tijuana before anybody could figure out he had escaped. he then took some flights through mexico to cuba. to try to get refuge in cuba. they turn him away. he ended up in venezuela. in coming days you'll probably be transferred back to san diego. next year he will finally be sentenced for these fraud and bribery charges, 10 years after his first arrest. >> fascinating story. i cannot wait to read the book next year. thank you for joining us. >> you bet.

♪ >> last year has seen set -- headlines of hope and fear around the rabbit the element of ai. at least a plenty of questions. our economics correspondent focused on the recommendations. >> using ai to navigate tricky terrain. >> this could be something that helps workers be safer. or it could take people's jobs. i think it is in the balance. >> and economists surveyed the

history of progress. they came to a sobering if likely conclusion. >> it does not turn into shared prosperity. there have been steps missing. take the medieval plow. productivity increased. >> and the industrial revolution, textile tech. at a cost. >> these are the machines they were breaking. >> looms like this were already displacing workers in england 200 years ago. all those people who had been weaver's got thrown out of work. or they could not make much money. the luddites were very angry.

those opportunities eroded. nothing came up to replace it. >> we have a steam engine back here. >> sometimes progress led to shared prosperity. >> this will transfer the power throughout the entire system. >> the new factories of the 19th century prompted the long process of harnessing technology. >> they offer jobs to people who did not offer -- have a lot of education. you had shared prosperity. >> labor organizations were key to making sure every shared in productivity gains.

people with a lot of education have done well. we are missing the metal. we have been missing in for 40 years. is not an overnight phenomena. >> are situation where the trend you are worried about will reverse? >> unions in the private sector are weak. they have had a little bit of resurgence since covid, but not much. ai could be a tool to rebuild the middle class or it could be a way that he gets hollowed out further. >> today's technology frontier. a research study showed that ai generated faces are difficult to distinguish from human faces and are considered more trustworthy.

a car programmed by toyota research institute scientists to assist drivers. >> the vision is not to replace human drivers. it is making humans that are drivers. there are thousands of fatalities on the road every year. almost all of those are due to human error. >> the concern is that ai will replace jobs. like taxi and truck drivers. or take this retail robot. >> it goes through the store aisles looking to verify prices and ensure everything is property stocked i think this is bad for jobs. >> people would suddenly be competing with lower jobs. same thing for drive-thru robots. >> their fast food chains that

say they will announce all the -- replace all the human interaction. it becomes automated. that's a lot of jobs. >> plenty of much better paying jobs are under threat. even those of us who may have figured we were safe. >> we can search for you and we can get an overview. you are american. you have brown hair. we can just stop right here. >> i do not have blue eyes. >> you probably lied about it. >> that exactly reliable. here's chatgpt. >> read a script for the pbs newshour. >> a script for this very story. >> here is a suggested script.

a compelling new analysis that is stirring the bait. sounds good so far. this challenges conventional wisdom. not bad for a first pass. i would've put more in about technology. steam engines. >> that is what >> >> we have added. that is the human touch >> that is what he is pushing. our power to share prosperity. what policies do put in place to get spot to augment people's labor as opposed to replacing it? >> they were pushing for a thomas -- thomas vehicles. you could have challenges where you find ways to use these robots to develop technologies

useful for teachers, plumbers, electricians. >> we have done it many times. in terms of technologies deliberately developed with government money. this is another task like that one. >> with that thought, this story comes to a close. >> as if a robot could ever replace him. you can watch more of our stories about the future of artificial intelligence online at our website. ♪ out of the depths of the

depression comes an improbable story of how nine working-class boys from the american west showed the meaning of true grit at the 1936 olympics in berlin. that true story was a number one bestseller. and now i film of the same way. we met up with the author and the director recently in los angeles. ♪ >> the film aimed to get the rowing right and represent the scrappy freshman who rose to be the most elite collegiate crew teams. putting the university of washington on the map. they then rode for olympic gold under the gaze of hitler's and the world as it was reckoning with the rise of fascism. no small feat for the nine americans or the storytellers.

george clooney explains the daunting challenge of taking on the screen version of the massively popular book. it has remained on the nonfiction bestseller list for 144 weeks. >> he has done all the hard work. he has but the story together. my only real danger is messing up his really good work. when we finished the film and showed it to him, i said you know we did not put everything in the movie. but our job was to make sure we tried to capture his vision and the heart of his story. >> that is what i wanted. they gave me a screening. i was really nervous. i didn't know what to expect. about three quarters of the way

through the movie, i was crying. it really touched me. >> what part made you emotional? >> it was a combination of the camaraderie with the boys and the triumphal ending. he did a very good job with the love story. >> are you going to make it? >> at the center of it all is the strapping oarsman chiseled through manual labor. rowing offer some money to pay for college and the boat but comes home. he is supported in his quest by his college sweetheart and future wife. >> you have to get the right actors who can act in. please. who feel like they are of the right time. they are spectacular. >> george clooney lobster story

so much that he tried unsuccessfully to bid on the film rights years ago. >> when it came back around, we decided we would take a shot at it. these are not easy films to give made anymore. you cannot make them cheap. there is so much technology. you have to build boats, train. but they are not designed to be big hits. these do not open like a marble phone. students -- studio some the jump of these foams. -- films. >> what in you wants to make a story like this today? >> i like what this says about us. we remind ourselves when you see those that we are really good when we work together. we actually root for one another. that loud noise we hear is on

the fringes. it gets amplified a lot. but it is on the fringes. >> athletes should be rewarded for performance. no politics. >> talk about camaraderie and how important it is and how you removed during that time. it occurs to me that men in general only find camaraderie in sports for in the military. >> she just generalized men in general. that cuts. >> is that not true? [laughter] >> i learned how much these guys love each other. for the rest of their lives. when i was writing this book, the last few of them as they died, they grieved deeply. they have this enormous bond among themselves. >> he knew the character of the

man up close. what allowed him to go from a novice to be an olympic gold medalist? >> he was abandoned by his parents. he brought himself up. he learned he had to do everything by himself. he had to make this transformation from rugged individualism to cooperation. that is part of what the movie and book are about. from alienated, angry, dissatisfied to becoming part of something bigger than himself. >> the fact that the film drops when division and war is spreading worldwide and authoritarianism is on the march provides a relevant backdrop. >> i was very aware even 10 years ago that there were dark forces on the rise in america.

it has gotten worse. i think the book was timely when i read it. i think it is more timely now. >> the dark forces in nazi germany at the olympics had yet to reach their zenith. a fact clooney had to contend with. >> when you are telling a story like this, you cannot be smarter than they were at the time. in 1936, some people knew. but you never really would've known how far they could go. you would not have known who he was in 1944. we had to be careful not to be too aware. they did not like him. they thought he was an autocratic and he was dangerous. but they did not know now. we had to be very careful not to make him and everyone else aware. >> with the triumph, the boys in

the boat harkens back to a different time and tone in america. >> anything you would like to say? >> they are the finest i ever saw. >> i have seen some of your earlier work with the cohen brothers and some of your other films, there is such a lack of cynicism in this story. i wondered if that is a conscious choice and if it is a choice that you make as a father. is this type of film we expect to see some -- from george clooney so on? >> i have done some horrible phones. i'm enjoying the journey. i like working in different worlds. i like succeeding. my parents raised me with the idea that the better angels are going to win out. >> after opening in the u.s. on

christmas, the film will hit theaters in early january in the united kingdom, where it was found -- filmed. >> that is the newshour for tonight. on behalf of the entire team, thank you for joining is. >> major funding has been provided by -- ♪ the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. and friends of the newshour. >> it was like an aha moment. this is what i love doing. early-stage companies have this energy that energizes me. these are people who are trying to change the world. when i volunteer with women

entrepreneurs, it is the same thing. i'm helping people reach their dreams. i'm thriving by helping others everyday. people who know, know bdo. >> the ford foundation, working with visionaries on the frontlines lines of social change worldwide. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. ♪ and friends of the newshour. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station by viewers like you. thank you. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪

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♪ hello, everyone, and welcome to "amanpour and company." here's what's coming up -- ukraine faces another dark winter, as western military aid hangs in the balance. i discuss with nato's secretary-general. then, half of gaza's population is starving, saying the u.n.'s world food program. we bring you a report on the grave