>> good evening. >> on the newshour tonight, the latest on hostage negotiations and israel's plan to evaluate palestinian civilians before full-scale negotiations to eliminate hamas and rafah get underway. amna: and, whether social have a free speech rights. jeffrey: relief for food allergy sufferers after an asthma drug reduces dangerous reactions to certain foods. >>years safety as

we face with any drug has been sorted out over those years. >> major funding for the pbs newshour provided by -- the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions and friends of the newshour including -- ♪ >> actually, you do not need vision to do most things. yes, i am legally blind and yes, i am responsible for the user interface. data visualization. if i can see it and understand it quickly, anyone can.

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thank you. jeffrey: welcome to the newshour. president biden said it is his hope by next monday a deal could be struck to implement a cease-fire in gaza and start an exchange of israeli hostages for palestinian prisoners. jordan's king abdallah warned against an israeli plan in southern rafa. amna: home to many palestinians who fled fighting in other parts of the strip following this is nick schifrin and he joins me now. let's begin with this hostage deal president biden hopes will be implemented monday. nick: u.s. and israeli officials say they have a new outline of a deal to stop the war for about six weeks and lead to the release of 35 to 45 hostages, that includes women, the elderly and wounded. one obstacle is female israeli

soldiers, whether hamas will release them and there is still no agreement right now as to how many palestinian prisoners being held by israel would be released. the goal would be to implement this before ramadan which begins march 11. today, benjamin netanyahu reiterated his criticism about hamas' negotiating stance and said something he does not usually say, that he wants a deal. >> hamas has outlandish demands, and another planet, they have to come down to reality. if that is the case, we will have a deal. i wanted. -- want it. nick: he also said he is committed to going into rafah. half of gaza's population, 1.2 million people in rafah today, massive tent cities. the city closest to egypt.

it israeli defense forces presented a plan to evacuate all of those tents. more than one million people, and then assault the city. this afternoon officials say they have not received details of that plan and frankly are skeptical israel would be able to execute that on an israeli timeline. amna: you have been reporting on the unmanageable situation -- unimaginable situation. nick: up and down gaza. some focus is on the quantity of aid that is not going into gaza. human rights watch accused israel of not living up to its promises under the international court of justice ruling that required israel to deliver as much a as possible. we also saw an extraordinary scene. so many gazans filling the beach after jordan airdropped humanitarian aid. they have been air dropping aid, but not didn't -- designed to be

in the sea. so many desperate for that aid. the u.n. cited a report that a two-month-old baby died of hunger, and said one in six children in northern gaza are severely malnourished. amna: ask you about news out of the west bank. the authority prime minister resigned. nick: the u.s. hopes a temporary pause would lead to a cease-fire and that that can unlock regional goals. gaza governance, how to reconstruct gaza and the larger goal of israel, saudi normalization. they hope this is the first step in leading toward some type of deal over the future of gaza governance. the prime minister resigned and the palestinian president abbas is expected to replace him with mohammed mustafa, an economist.

he has been the chairman of the palestine investment fund. expectations are very low. he is not seen as someone who will change the palestinian authority in any fundamental way and israel has rejected them playing a part in gaza. this is about u.s. credibility and u.s. and arab allies to coordinate for larger regional goals. amna: d.c. read i know you have been following, sunday there was an air force servicemember who, in protest of u.s. policy toward the war in israel lit himself on fire outside the israeli embassy area what should we know about him? he died of those wounds last night and this is him introducing himself outside the embassy in washington

livestreaming on twitch. he said, i will no longer be complicit in genocide and called what he was about to do an extreme act of protest but compared to what people have been experiencing in palestine at the hands of their colonizers, it is not extreme. that is the end of the quote. he wrote on his linkedin page he wanted to be a software engineer and was taking courses online. the air force has not confirmed his name but confirmed he died of his wounds. senior officials do not believe he represents a trend inside the military, but the fact is, this is an extraordinarily rare, public protest. amna: thank you for your reporting. geoff: in other headlines former

president trump appealed a $454 million judgment in his new york fraud case. the judge to whom he lied about his financials as he built his business. his lawyers contend the judge may have made errors or exceeded his jurisdiction. appeals could take months and temporarily halt a collection of funds from mr. trump. in ukraine government troops retreated in the east as russian forces push forward. ukrainians pulled back from a village outside avdiivka, which russians captured earlier this month. they face firepower while u.s. aid is blocked in congress. a spokesperson for alexei navalny said they may hold a farewell in moscow this week. the opposition leader died this week in prison. talks had been underway on a prisoner swap for navalny. the u.s. state department declined to comment.

sweden cleared the final hurdle to nato membership as hungry voted to ratify its bid read after 18 months of the leis, victor or bond acknowledged sweden's criticism of his right wing government. still he urged lawmakers to put aside any resentment. >> there will continue to be differences of opinion because swedes and hungarians are not the same, but we look at our differences with understanding because that is how serious nations behave. cooperation in sweden's succession to nato will strengthen hungary's security. geoff: finland also applied to nato and needed unanimous consent nearly a year ago. president biden and former president trump claim visits to the texas border on sunday as the immigration issue intensifies. mr. round -- mr. biden will be

in brownsville, texas and trump will be 325 miles away. both areas have seen border crossings illegally. >> a federal judge in california ruled today alexander smirnov might flee if released. his accusations against hunter biden and president biden were at the heart of a house republican impeachment inquiry which democrats say has been proven baseless. the biden administration is moving to block a proposed merger between kroger and albertsons. the deal would be the largest supermarket merger in u.s. history. the federal trade commission filed suit today saying it would eliminate competition and drive up prices. on wall street stocks lost a little the dow jones lost 62 points to close at 32,069.

the first u.s. moon lander in more than 50 years is expected to go dark tomorrow. intuitive machines says its odysseus craft landed sideways so it cannot operate for a week. japan sayitmoon lander also resting on its side survived the weeks long lunar night and is operating. still to come, looking ahead to michigan's presidential primary and afghan activists memoir, the flight -- plate to educate women . and artificial intelligence helps decipher ancient scrolls varied in volcanic ash. >> this is the pbs newshour from weta studios in washington and the west, arizona state university. amna: the supreme court heard arguments in a consequential case navigating first

protections on social media. tech companies taking on state laws decrying conservative censorship online. decision could change the use of speech on the internet eric >> the supreme court wading into a digital age first amendment battle. do social media companies have the rights to decide what appears on and what is removed from their platforms? that is the question at the heart of major cases heard by the justices. a decision could give government the power to change what millions of people see online. after twitter and facebook removed former president donald trump following the january 6 attack, texas and florida passed laws restricting how they moderate and remove content and users from their website that tech industry groups sued the state. >> people in america should be able to access the modern public

square to express themselves. it does tend to be conservative groups under the thumb more of these social media sites. reporter: alan gura, with the institute for free speech, filed an amicus brief with conservative activist group mom's for liberty in support of the states. >> moms for liberty had a problem. the teachers union, there traditional political adversary, went to facebook and put pressure on facebook and said, the people who are promoting disinformation and they saw all kinds of posts blocked. things that were innocuous like are you ready to run for school board? or questions does anybody know , what curriculum is being used by the school district? >> we can agree content moderation as a process is problematic. i do not think the right solution is to give the government to impose -- the ability to impose its own

editorial viewpoints on private actors. i think that is a dangerous power to hand the government. reporter: david greene is with the electronic frontier foundation and filed a brief opposing the states. >> social media sites have a first amendment right to curate and edit their sites according to their own curatorial and editorial philosophies and policies. that is a right that others in their position have, whether they be art curators or parade organizers. reporter: are companies publishers? they do not think so. >> whose speech is it? nobody thinks they're speech is the company speech. if i pick up the phone and talk, at&t cannot unplug me because i don't like politics. amna: that back-and-forth is what the justices themselves navigated today.

marcia coyle was in the courtroom and joins us. these are big topics. how did the justices seem to be navigating and examining the issues today? marcia: it is difficult on many levels they are having trouble. they asked good questions. most of the arguments focused on whether social media platforms fall into the category of newspaper publishers where they can determine how they use the content, or are they more like common carriers such as a telegraph or anything that carries a message from point a to b, but does not do anything else. they also struggled with language. justice alito asked, what is content moderation? is it another way of saying censorship? other words created problems.

it is a difficult case on more levels than just determining what category to put media platforms into. amna: concerns around censorship online have been more of a conservative issue. did we hear views from conservative justices that aligned with that view? marcia: not at all. as they struggled with the categories of newspapers versus common carriers they were not focused on politics or ideology. this is an attempt to become familiar with what social media does and that is one of the problems they are having. they did not know how broadly these sweep. justice barrett pointed out, some say these could cover venmo, uber, email, direct messaging. they do not know. as they asked the lawyers they said, it might cover. and why don't they know?

because of the way the case came to the court, there was no trial on the merits to flesh this out through discovery. amna: there are arguments on both sides. we spoke earlier with someone who said both sides of the debate have merit to their arguments. take a listen. >> everybody involved claims to be a champion of free speech and the first amendment. you have social media platforms claiming they are speakers and editors and that these laws are a form of censorship of first amendment protected activity. on the others, the states are arguing these laws are intended to protect the free speech rights of social media platform users. everybody has a point. you need to find a way of accounting for all first amendment interests in play. amna: for an issue as core as

free speech, the first amendment, and as broad and influential as these social media platforms, what are the implications of a decision like this? marcia: it depends who wins and loses. if the platforms lose they claim they will have to put all kind of speech on their platforms, the good, the bad and ugly. the roles they had to get a handle on hate speech, bullying, they will have to put up pro bullying and pro hate speech. they will not be able to exercise editorial discretion. on the others, states do not think there will be a parade of horribles, that there are other ways to deal with bad speech. amna: does this say justices are more likely to keep this as narrow as possible? marcia: yes, it does. they do not know how broadly the law sweeps.

it seems they were inclined to view platforms as closer to newspapers and publishers then common carriers but because they do not know how broad the law sweeps they talked about keeping injunctions in place right now that temporarily keep laws on hold, but sending cases back to the lower court to flesh out a lot of these issues. amna: this is one of a handful of cases justices are considering about social media. precedent here is hard. a lot of it predates the internet area what should we understand about why justices are taking these up and how they view them? marcia: it is the inevitability of how the things have changed and there are challenges that come to the courts. i am not surprised they are getting more and more into this with more cases. just this term not only do we

have the cases -- two cases from florida and texas, but also public officials and how they , use their websites. and whether they can block commenters on their websites. i think we will see these cases in a variety of situations and it is a new world for the justices. amna: a lot to make sense of. thank you so much. ♪ geoff: there is some relief for the 20 million-plus people in the u.s. who have food allergies, many of whom face severe dangers. a new study in the new england journal of medicine reports that the drug known as xolair allows people to tolerate higher doses of allergenic foods before developing a reaction after an

accidental exposure. the fda earlier this month expanded approval of xolair to include treatment for anyone one year or older. principal investigator, dr. robert wood, of the johns hopkins children's center. thanks for being with us. i should say there is no cure for food allergies, but how much of a game changer is this, especially for children? dr. wood: from having no treatment for food allergy, just telling people to avoid what you are allergic to and carry emergency medicines if you have accidental exposure, going from there to here is an enormous change. geoff: for people with severe food allergies there is so much fear and anxiety. you have teenaged patients who have never been to a restaurant, do not take trips on airplanes. how might this improve quality of life for people? dr. wood: reactions happen that

can be really dangerous. a lot of the burden of a food allergy is the day-to-day fear. is this the day he or she will have accidental exposure, at school? is this the day they will die? those are not as common, but the anxiety people live with is very real and a daily burden. geoff: how does xolair work for people with severe food allergies? dr. wood: it is blocking the antibodies our immune systems make if you are going to develop an allergy, an ig antibody, it is anti--ig. it binds to, mops up all the ig in your system so you are less prone to reaction especially with small exposure. amna: is this a lifelong commitment for people? the list price is as high as $5,000 a month for adults,

typically lower with insurance. it is not an easy drug to take. it is injection every two to dour weeks, which may not be easy for children who do not like shots. dr. wood: it is not perfect, but the benefits outweigh the risks. it is only going to work while you are on it. once you stop the medicine it will wear off. they may not need to be on it for life. some say they are doing ok right now, but the day i leave for college i want to be on this medicine because so much of my food will be less under my control. they may take it for those four years, or 10. there may be better treatments tha -- then. amna: how safe is it -- geoff: how safe is it? dr. wood: very safe. it has been used for 21 years to treat asthma. those safety issues have been sorted out over 21 years. there is a warning it could

cause an allergic reaction. some people are allergic to the drug itself, but that is a fairly unusual circumstance and we think it can be managed by careful observation. geoff: food allergies have been increasing in prevalence the last dirty years. do we know why? dr. wood: we do not. we have a lot of theories, one is the hygiene theory, that we live in too clean and environment. there are a lot of factors that could relate to food or environment. we are a ways away from understanding this overwhelming rise in food allergy. geoff: thanks so much for your time. dr. wood: thanks. ♪ geoff: a campaign for michigan

voters to boycott president biden in tuesday's primary has picked up momentum. some muslim and arab americans want to send a message to the president after months of frustration they say with their handling of the war in gaza. in michigan, a winter of political discontent. i had of that states presidential primary president biden's handling of the israel-hamas war is top of mind for many democratic voters. now some activists and local leaders are organizing a protest vote against the president encouraging voters to tick uncommitted on their ballots. >> joe biden failed himself, failed humanity. the muslim community, february 27 in michigan, we are voting uncommitted. >> we need to show president biden and the other candidates we support palestine. we do not support our u.s. tax

dollars going toward israel to ethnically cleanse palestine. geoff: with more than 200,000 arab and muslim voters in michigan, they make it clear, without them there is no winning the state. gretchen whitmer urged voters to think about what a protest vote might yield. >> it is important not to lose sight of the fact, any vote not passed for joe biden supports a second trump term. i am encouraging people to cast an affirmative vote for president biden. i understand the pain people are feeling and will work the build bridges with folks in all of these communities. geoff: as a biden-trump rematch becomes more of a chance after a victory for trump in south carolina -- >> mr. trump: this is a little sooner than anticipated. even bigger win than we

anticipated. geoff: it has not discouraged nikki haley from forging ahead. >> i said earlier this week, no matter what happens in south carolina, i would continue to run for president. [cheering] i am a woman of my word. geoff: haley still trying to carve out a lane of her own. >> it is why we must have a new generational leader. you are not going to get peace if you are like joe biden putting your head in the sand or like donald trump saying, don't pay attention to the rest of the world, live in our own bubble. geoff: while some haley supporters say they are hopeful -- >> i hope more come out to support her. she represents the new way we need to go. geoff: they are not necessarily optimistic. >> i think from a numbers

perspective, for myself it does not seem the support is there. geoff: further political states -- stakes, we turn to our monday political team. lots to discuss, glad you're both here. let's start with this protest vote against biden in michigan. they say it is not anti-biden, a protest vote on humanitarian grounds. how do you see this playing out? >> this will be interesting as we go forward because in michigan we know that this group in particular is aiming to get 10,000 people to vote uncommitted and 10,000 is the margin by which donald trump beat hillary clinton in 2016, in what was a big surprise on election night. it is both showing their displeasure with what is

happening in gaza but also saying, do not ignore us or our concerns and do not take us for granted. when i was talking to folks in michigan over the weekend, a lot of what is happening with this frustration has been building for longer than just the war in gaza. the sense that these communities have been taken for granted by democrats, are not doing the caring that they should do and it is about the fact, in these states, whether it is losing voters in south carolina who did not vote for trump but voted for haley, or getting uncommitted voters, these are the margins that can determine if you are going to lose. it is for biden a group of voters that nationally are worrisome in terms of keeping to his coalition. particularly voters of color and

younger voters. geoff: how worried is the biden campaign? >> they are saying they will keep fighting for these voters. that they will not give up on their votes. they point to numbers that say 10,000 is unambitious. it is highly likely more than 10,000 people will vote uncommitted. go back cycle after cycle, way more than 10,000, 20,000 were uncommitted, going back years. the president does have a problem. the white house and biden campaign acknowledged there is a significant group of voters that is really upset. the president is in a difficult position because he has made a calculation based on global alliances and history, and his experience and other things related to israel. he held netanyahu close

initially. i watched him hug him on the tarmac after october 7. that worked well for biden with jewish voters who are also an important constituency. also biden thought it was the right move politically. push for better policy outcomes. biden really wants a cease-fire -- they will not use that term, but a significant pause. they want hostages back and for this situation to move to a better place for humanitarian reasons and policy reasons. it is a gaping sore for biden with key voters, younger voters and voters of color. geoff: nikki haley finished 20 points behind donald trump. she is still vowing to stay in the race. she raised $1 million the day after the loss. she lost the financial packing

of a super pac backed by the koch brothers, a powerful donor network. what is her strategy, amasses many supporters? >> that seems to be part of it read when you talk to folks involved or watching from the periphery, there is a sense she is enjoying this moments. she is getting national attention. to me the biggest question is whether she will endorse donald trump. whether what we are seeing is a movement to take away a constituency from donald trump and she will say, i am here to tell these voters, the ones who showed up for me, in november, do not rally behind donald trump. that would be incredibly significant. we also know. in michigan the type of people showing up for nikki haley are those that have been

college-educated, suburban voters. we do not know that all of these that voted for nikki haley were considering voting for trump, but that is why michigan and south carolina are fascinating because they highlight the challenges these men have in what will be a close con -- contest in the fall of keeping every member of their coalition on their team. they cannot afford for them to defect or vote third party. geoff: looking at my notes, 40 9% of republican caucus-goers did not support donald trump in iowa, 46% in new hampshire did not vote for him. and 40% in south carolina supported nikki haley. what does that say about trump's weaknesses as a candidate? tamara: nikki haley would say a lot. they are real, but the issue for

republican voters and the primary is, there is not an alternative that is more popular than former president trump. nikki haley is not going to win the primary. yes, there are real concerns among republicans about what happens in the general election. it is a big part of nikki haley's stump speech. that biden holds better against trump then against her. the reality is, once former president trump is the nominee, there will be a lot of consolidation. those 40% are republican voters who are going to return home. some share of them are not. some are democrats voting and other primaries and some are never trump republicans trying to find a home. it is not clear if the biden campaign will be able to persuade them to vote for him,

or whether they will stay home, or vote for mike pence or mickey mouse. geoff: in the meantime donald trump wants a leadership change at the republican national committee, to install loyalists, and potentiay his daughter in she is spping down effective march 8, after a super tuesday. what is the significance of this? amy: party is donald trump and donald trump is the party and this is the latest example of this. it is not that it is just his daughter-in-law taking over, but loyalists with his campaign will be installed. it is at the state party level, loyalists running the party. in some cases there is friction between those loyalists and others who have led to complete paralysis in the state like she can.

we also can look at this as a reality check to what a trump 2.0 presidency would look like. whether it is at the rnc or government positions are at the white house, only those who are the most loyal to trump will get those positions. in 2016, and when he was in the white house in 2017, he was working with the establishment. the establishment now is more trumpy than ever when you see what congress looks like. those who have come in look more like him then "traditional republicans" before he was elected. geoff: mcdaniel put out a statement, the rnc has historically undergone change when we have an -- our nominee and we will respect that tradition. donald trump was trying to make

these changes before he was nominated. >> he has also stacked the deck in a way it is inevitable he will be the nominee. he will go into california and michigan and he will get all the delegates. the math is totally in his favor in part because of his sway over various parties. geoff: it was designed that way. >> it is by design. geoff: thank you. ♪ amna: when the taliban roared back to power in afghanistan in 2021, education activist pashtana durrani - at just 24 years old already had some 7,000 girls enrolled in her organization. the schools were shuttered. pashtana was forced to flee. and she's now living in exile here in the u.s., still working to educate girls in secret back home.

i spoke with her earlier today about her remarkable life story told in her book, "last to eat, last to learn." pashtana: it is about the first daughters who are the last ones, they have to eat last because they have to do all the chores and clean up after everyone. and with me and my co-author we thought about it, they are the last to learn because they have to take care of anyone before they can choose themselves. it is a dedication to all of them. especially young girls because they are chosen last for everything. amna: this is your message to all of them. but it is not how you were raised. your father made sure you were raised differently, why? pashtana: a day i was born my dad was like, this is going to be my son. so i had all the privileges of a

son. if i was raised as an elder daughter, i would have been raised as one of those girls. i witnessed that throughout my life and consciously i had to make to -- the choice that this is talked about. it was a privileged life and i was raised nicely, talked over everyone, was pretty loud, spoiled. amna: even though you spent much of your life growing up in a refugee camp in pakistan, you made the decision to go back to afghanistan. your father had been going back and forth, and you started an organization so that other girls could learn the same way you did. tell me about that organization and why that was important. pashtana: when i was in high school it was the first time i realized we are in a refugee camp, like, this is not the country that we were supposed to be in and discrimination came with it. we were seen differently for wearing a scarf or my father

wearing a turban. most importantly, it was me following him wanting to go back to afghanistan. i was so crazy in love with afghanistan. i wanted to go back, but then the first thing i saw, even in our own country we did not have the same rights we were entitled to that the constitution entitled us to. the most important thing, that group a resonated most with was my own cousins. we say in pashto or in islam that charity begins at home. that's how learning came into being, because i really wanted my cousins to go to school and access the same education i had or people in refugee camps had. amna: when the taliban reclaimed power in 2021, you had to shut down your schools. they banned most girls from going to school after a certain grade. you had to flee because you yourself were targeted, but you're still running the organization from afar.

how, how many girls are you able to teach and how are they able to study? pashtana: it is an effort. in the middle of the night sometimes we are talking to students, meetings at 3:00 a.m. but at the same time, it is rewarding. we do a lot of our work in person. more than 300 girls go to school every day, walk to school every day. that is a big thing. more than 30 teachers everyday teach in person, so that's a big deal for me. more than 40 people are employed right now who are doing something amazing like this, which is banned in afghanistan, but whatever. amna: are you worried for their safety? pashtana: yes, i get worried and paranoid sometimes and cannot sleep. i just call them and talk to them. they have become part of the family. it is important because in the next 10 years, i may not be this young to be able to do everything.

i want them to have empowerment and have that sort of access to opportunities and become the people that they are. my goal is by the end of like 2030, we have more than 3400 leaders who are all young girls who are all in those provinces, and they lead a movement that could hopefully rebuild afghanistan from where it has been destroyed. amna: what about your goals for yourself? we should discuss -- disclose i was part of the team that did help you evacuate. it took months to get you out of afghanistan. i met you at the airport in boston when you arrived. i helped you get settled at wellesley college where you built a life. you graduated, you are getting a master's degree from harvard. what does the future hold? pashtana: i want to graduate harvard, but also i want to build 34 schools by the end of 2025, which is a personal goal. i'm also working on a nonprofit incubator that is supposed to sustain humanitarian efforts and educational efforts in conflict zones in all different regions

of the world, especially middle east and central asia and south asia. i have been working with that at wellesley on that, especially focusing on women. and then hopefully i'll continue doing what i do and i love what i do. amna: what do you think your father i know you lost a few years ago what do you think he , would say if he could see you now? pashtana: i think he would be extremely proud. at the same time, i wish he could see it and i hope he could see it now. amna: the author is pashtana durrani. the book is last to eat, last to learn. thank you for being here. pashtana: thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: we will be back shortly to take a look at how researchers are using ai to decipher previously unreadable ancient scrolls. amna: first, take a moment to

hear from your local pbs station. it's a chance to offer your support, which helps keep programs like ours on the air. ♪ geoff: for those of you staying with us we hear from the man who, to the world, is known simply as “ringo." former beatles' drummer ringo star is on tour after putting out a new recording. jeffrey brown spoke with him last fall for our arts and culture series, canvas. ♪ >> he is youthful and fits, as recognizable as when the beatles first took the world by storm 60 years ago, performing with his own all-star band which he has led in various forms since 1989. now releasing a new ep called

"rewind forward." for ringo starr, the music has always been there. ringo: i had the dream at 13 to be a drummer. i knew immediately i wanted to be a drummer. i love music, wanted to play. there is not much point being a drummer if you do not have anyone else. it does not work. you need the others. >> ♪ close your eyes and i'll kiss you tomorrow i'll miss you ♪ jeffrey: he started life as richard starkey, a child in and out of hospitals, a poor kid trying to make his way in working-class liverpool, england. ringo: i was always working, on the railways, the boats, the factories. jeffrey: what where the hopes and dreams at that time?

what could you imagine? ringo: it felt like there was something i was doing until i could do what i wanted to do, which was play. jeffrey: in the hotel photo gallery ringo joined -- saw a photograph of the group with muhammad ali, then caches clay. ringo: when we flew over new york i heard it say, come on down. we were in america, the land of the music we loved. where i come from, everyone was from the merchant navy, they would bring records over. so we heard a lot of country and blues, stuff england was not getting first. jeffrey: are the personalities coming out?

♪ >> ♪ get back get back ♪ jeffrey: they would have nearly eight years together, countless hit songs, epic hit albums. films. everyone knew the beatles, the music and the individuals. ringo grew up an only child. it was as personal as could be. ringo: three brothers, we were very close. the touring, we only ever got two rooms. it was important that we stay together, really got to know each other, new where we were coming from. that certainly happened. jeffrey: ringo saying several songs written by the others including this 1 -- >> ♪ i get high with a little

help from my friends i'm gonna try -- jeffrey: he did write a few himself. he had helped later in his career. >> ♪ i'd like to be under the sea ♪ ringo: not a lot of people know, when i first presented my songs the rest of the band would rolling on the floor laughing at me because i had really just rewritten some other song. it was not my song at all, just reworded. i said, yeah, sure. [laughter] that is how i started. i got out of that and started making my own. george was really helpful. he produced the first couple singles i put out. god bless him. ♪ jeffrey: the beatles' end in

1970 is much discussed and debated. after the breakup each beatle went solo. ringo had a string of hits including "it don't come easy." in fact he says, didn't. you also talked about difficulties. ringo: i sat in the garden, wondering what to do. you are so used to that job. we worked a lot. then suddenly, it is really over. i had a moment of reflection. started to play with other artists. jeffrey: that is what he continued to do, along with other things, including acting. he met his wife barbara while working together in the 1981 movie "caveman." >> this new train schedule is,

wrought balderdash. -- tommyrot balderdash. jeffrey: he marks his birthday every year with a peace and love celebration. he says it is is one birth they wish. and, music endures. ringo: our audiences are bigger and younger than they were. it is far out. we will see, there is no guaranty. but we are doing it with heart ablazing. jeffrey: we start talking about this young boy in liverpool. ringo: i live in l.a., you know how far out that is? it is weird. jeffrey: but you're still going. ringo: yeah. jeffrey: for the pbs newshour, jeffrey brown in los angeles. ♪

amna: ancient scrolls buried in volcanic ash during the eruption of mount vesuvius are deciphered 2000 years later thanks to artificial intelligence. we have a report from oxfordshire, england on the scientific effort of researchers from around the world. reporter: buried under the volcanic ash from vesuvius herculaneum, like pompeii, is a , perfectly preserved time capsule of roman life. some of its secrets were burnt to a crisp. scorched squirrels indecipherable until now. unraveling the hidden history of these 2000 year old scrolls has required 21st century technology. here, a wembley stadium sized, synchrotron cooled diamond light source, which fires beams of

light 10 billion times brighter than the sun. >> we have a bright beam of x-rays that comes out of the diamond synchrotron light, they travel downstream and hit a sample that makes a picture. reporter: the team started by scanning loose fragments. >> the squirrel looks like something you might put on your barbecue. it is so light and burnt. the think and papyrus are almost made of the same stuff. you need a very brilliant x-ray beam to be able to tell the difference. reporter: so it is like an extreme ct scan. >> it is, on a very upper level. reporter: because the scrolls are too fragile to physically unroll, the unwrapping was done digitally. scientists then set about decoding ink patterns, using readings they'd taken from the fragments as a kind of cipher to process so teams around the many images. teams around the world joined in running ai powered programs, and yusuf was the first person to

reveal a word, purple. >> i was really excited and just like zooming around the apartment while waiting for the experiments to finish. it felt amazing to be one of the first people to do this. reporter: so far, only a tiny portion of the scrolls have been deciphered. it's believed they belong to a roman statesman, potentially julius caesar's father-in-law. >> we as humans are going to reconnect with a part of our history that's incredibly difficult to connect to. what i would like the scrolls to reveal is something surprising or even controversial that we don't already know about that period. reporter: this project has taken decades but has proven futuristic technology can give us a glimpse of our forgotten past. ♪ geoff: as always, there is more

online, including a look at how the costs of clinical trials disproportionately impact low income communities. amna: join us tomorrow night when we will hear from michigan's democratic party chair as voters head to the polls for the state's presidential primaries. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm amna nawaz.pgeoff: and i'm . thanks for spending part of your evening with us. >> major funding of the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> cunard is a proud supporter of public television. a voyage awaits. a world of flavor, diverse destinations, and immersive experiences. a world of leisure. and british style. all with cunard's stars service.

>> the kendeda fund, restoring justice and meaningful work through entrustment in transformative leaders and initiatives. more at. supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org . and with the ongoing support of these institutions -- this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪

hello, everyone. welcome to "amanpour & co." from ukraine. here's what's coming up. >> we're in dnipro with a special report from the hospital saving the lives of the wounded soldiers. then -- >> can't walk away now. mr. putin is betting on it. >> the u.s. and e.u. announce sanctions. will president putin feel it? i asked one of the best kno experts. and german foreign minister