good evening, i'm geoff bennett. amna: i'm on the u.s.-mexico border. local communities divided on how to respond. geoff: tiktok's parent company could have to sell or face nationwide ban. how gang violence and political upheaval is being fueled in haiti. ♪

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thank you. geoff: welcome to the newshour, the special counsel who said president biden's age and memory factored into his decision to not charge him for his retention of classified documents testified on capitol hill today. republicans sought answers as to why the president was in charge while former president donald trump faces 40 charges for his handling of classified materials and obstructing justice. >> republicans called special counsel robert her whose report released last month suggested president biden had willfully retained classified documents in his home and offices. >> i would not be able to prove without a reasonable doubt to a

jury. >> they said making that case would be difficult because the president "would likely present himself to a jury," as a sympathetic, well-meaning elderly man with a poor memory. >> i did not sanitize my explanation. >> he broke the rules. >> republicans criticized him for not bringing charges. >> it wasn't just the money, it wasn't $8 million, it was also his ego. pride and money imply he knowingly violated the rules. >> biden spoke in great detail

about decades-old events, but another cases struggled to recall dates like when he left the vice presidency or when his son died. >> how dare you raise that. >> democrats accused the special counsel of partisanship as they described inflammatory language about the president's age and memory. >> you chose a general pejorative resident -- to the president. you understood that you would ignite a political firestorm without language, did you? >> politics played no part whatsoever in my investigative steps. >> republicans pointed to a perceived double standard with donald trump facing 40 criminal charges for his classified

documents in a case brought by a special counsel jack smith. >> the only person being prosecuted is the president's opponent makes this an unprecedented assault on our democracy. >> he said well biden returned the documents and cooperated, mr. trump did the opposite and allegedly obstructed justice. >> president trump was fundamentally incapable of taking advantage of one of the many chances he was to equate those charges. >> in the days other headlines, president biden and former president trump voters in

georgia cast ballots today. hawaii held its caucus. president biden needs 96 delegates to claim the nomination, mr. trump can claim the republican side. inflation is not going away just yet. the biden administration has found more money to pay for weapons for ukraine after house republicans blocked his request for money since december.

>> it is nowhere near enough to meet ukraine's battlefield needs . >> shortly after the announcement, president biden met with poland's president and prime minister at the white house. ken buck leaves republicans with 218 seats and 213 for democrats as a working majority of just two votes. he belongs to the hard right freedom caucus, but he has criticized efforts to impeach president biden. an aid to ship is on its way to gaza tonight.

open arms arranged the transport. >> hopefully there will be other boats and other entities. >> hezbollah had one of their most intense exchanges yet. has bullet fired more than 100 rockets into northern israel. boeing is adding extra inspections.

after a door panel flew off a plane in january. the nasdaq rose 246 points. why violent crime rates in most american sittings are trending down. a former white house lawyer starts over by courting a new musical path. the u.s. surgeon general discusses teen mental health with our student reporting class. >> this is pbs newshour in the west.

>> migrant crossings that the arizona-mexico border have remained high this year. in the nevada joins us. what is the situation on the arizona border where you are? amna: it is interesting, all the focus is on texas, but it has been arizona that has had one of the busiest sections across the country. border patrol logged 50,000 apprehensions last year. more than 1700 today. the numbers across the entire stretch of the southern border are down slightly from those

record highs. there are more migrants trying to make more dangerous crossings. jeff? geoff: you reported yesterday on how diverse the migrant population is. is the same true along the u.s. border? amna: never in my life did i think all my language skills would come into play on the u.s. southern border in this way. i've met people from bangladesh, guinea, guatemala, ecuador, from nepal, molly.

i'm able to communicate with them in urdu and french. travel over weeks and months at a time, they arrive here with nothing but the shirts on their back. all share stories about being robbed along the way. they say mexican officials in particular took their money, in some cases took their passports. they all want to know what happens next, where can we go? one of the people to answer those questions is a man named pastor randy meyer with the good shepherd united church of christ 90 minutes away from here. he comes here regularly. once a week or so he brings out water and food. he drives this stretch of the border, interacts with the migrants to let them know that border patrol is here. he also shared he is seeing larger and larger groups. it stretches border patrol

resources and his. it also stretches officials. amna: this all reflects shifts in increases we have seen for months now. is this indicative of what is ahead? amna: it's interesting. pastor meyer said it was not until the last few months that they saw this many people from this many countries arriving in arizona. that is definitely new. the numbers have been increasing dramatically. that is new. the big question is whether this is a blip or indicative of what is to come. despite the drop we have seen over the last couple of months, we are starting to see that kickback out. the most worrying thing is that the resources to match those needs have also not gone up. there are concerns ahead about a growing need with all the resources. geoff: thanks as always.

great to see you. amna: thanks. ♪ geoff: tiktok is once again in the crosshairs of congress. it would either require it to divest from its chinese owner or face a ban nationwide. lisa takes a deeper look at the brewing battle over the nation's fastest growing social media platform. >> a young medium using an old method. >> i heard you were trying to shut down tiktok. >> tiktok chris have besieged congress with calls. on a sweeping bill that is on the fast track, unanimous in committee last week. >> the bill is adopted.

lisa: the bill would force tiktok's chinese parent company to sell it or face a ban. >> we have a privately held company heavily owned by the chinese government. that is a problem. >> we want to make it something that is not a fearful social media platform, but one that is positive. in order to do that, we have to see it flowing from the chinese government. lisa: tiktok's u.s. headquarters is in california, but it is controlled by a company headquartered in beijing. they also are in charge of a chinese version of tiktok. the chinese communist party has a small stake in that but a party official sits on the board. it whistleblower has charged the communist party uses it for spying on protesters and others. the concern is that there is a

path for protesters to access u.s. data, but tiktok is that it has walled off u.s. data. adding to this turbulence is another force. former president donald trump has been up and down, but does not like a tiktok ban. >> there is a lot of bad with tiktok, but the thing that i don't like is without tiktok, we can make facebook bigger. >> bring them out and hit record. >> top in the crosswinds are tiktok creators. >> i just wish they would try to exhaust all other options prior to potentially canceling it. >> we asked what he thinks of this latest bill and what it would mean for him. >> it's frustrating that they are not the people who use the app. behind me is our new fixer-upper with we just bought with the money i've been earning from my

business from tiktok and we have a baby a month away. my first baby which i'm super excited for. i'm quite literally supporting my family and my business with this app. lisa: president biden has said he would sign the bill. to discuss our the house sponsors. the chair and the ranking member respectively of the committee on the chinese communist party. let me ask, what is the danger of tiktok that you see? >> the danger is that tiktok is owned by bytedance and that is beholden to the chinese communist party. one is the security of americans data on the platform. broader concern is the potential for this plaform to be used i would love a preview of what

could happen in that scenario. then having them call members of congress based on an inaccurate measure to the users. you had teenagers calling congress saying, if you been tiktok, i will kill myself. tiktok is already being used to target members of congress in both parties politically. lisa: both of you probably got those phone calls today. i know this is a carefully targeted bill, but today we saw on the hill tiktok creators and other members of congress speaking out and saying this is a violation of basic rights. i wonder how you approach the first amendment issues. do you understand them at play, the business issues and wise this worth it? >> sure, there is no first amendment right to espionage or to harm our national security.

basically, we commonly have foreign ownership laws. telecoms, railroads, banks. this is not unusual. an establishment such as this platform can basically engage in free speech as it is. we are not trying to ban the content or discriminate between one type of speech and another. we are concerned about the conduct of the platform, for instance weaponizing data against people, endangering our national security, interfering in our elections. basically, doing the things that go against our national security. we want this platform to continue to operate. we don't want to ban it. but we are calling for a divestment so we can continue to have this platform operate, but without the control of the ccp. lisa: realistically, wouldn't it

be the loss of this content and the banning of this platform? >> it doesn't need to be. the user experience can continue and even improve as long as bytedance decides to sell tiktok. that is the obvious solution everyone wants. even those invested in bytedance should want that outcome. tiktok is never going to go public in an american market under the current structure. i would say the greatest threat to expression on tiktok which the bill doesn't say anything about is the continued ccp manipulation of the algorithm and the lack of transparency surrounding tiktok's algorithm. so if you want the platform to continue and improve going forward, the only solution is a separation. lisa: there was a montana ban against tiktok which was struck

down. i know it is not a ban that you have in the same way, but the judge took on some of your arguments in that case. the judge did not see a national security argument there and felt that users are agreeing to give out their data. i wonder how you respond to that idea from tiktok and bytedance and their -- is there proof that they maliciously harmed u.s. citizens? >> and that montana case, the judge said that montana was not in a position to judge the national security interests. the biden administration is asking for this legislation in this case. they helped to fashion the legislation and assert its authority in a way that the montana legislature was not. the other thing i would say is that tiktok said things that were untrue.

they said american user data is stored here in america or singapore. that's wrong. some of them have been stored on p.r.c. servers in china. tiktok says it's data is not accessible to people in china. again, false. public reports show that bytedance employees routinely access this data unbnownst to american users. third, tiktok says this data has not been weaponized in any way. again, false. published reports including by journalists who were targeted by tiktok for reporting on these data access issues have repeatedly said that there user location data was used against them. you know, we can't abide a situation where the company that says it is not doing these things is doing it and just look away pretending there is no national security concern. lisa: you both have seen

classified information about the situation that most americans don't have access to. considering that, what do you say to kids, perhaps your kids who are tiktok age about whether they should be using it and to the content providers about why you are making this pretty profound moved by the u.s. government? >> my kids are little younger, but i'm ready for anything in congress. in all seriousness, my kids don't use it though hey -- they have talked to me about it in the past. the content that you see on tiktok in the united states is so different than the content you see on the tiktok equivalent in china. about healthy living, stem education.

even for young adults. here it is about drug paraphernalia, over sexualization of teenagers, and constant content about suicidal ideation. that is wrong. we can't have a situation where the algorithm is manipulated in that way. we want you to be able to continue doing what you are doing, we just don't want to have the platform as controlled by the ccp. i expect like when we asked the chinese to divest grindr, which was controlled by a chinese company, they quickly did it and there was no disruption in service to the users and that is what we will see with tiktok as well. >> my message to my three and a half-year-old and my one and a half-year-old is that they should do whatever raj's kids are doing and i want them to be as responsible as his kids. >> i approve that message.

lisa: well, we appreciate both of you talking to us. i'm sure your kids will be watching the show tonight. ♪ geoff: months of chaos and raging gang violence came to a head in 80. the prime minister stranded in puerto rico and unable to return to his nation announced late last night that he would resign as soon as a transitional government is in lace and chosen. that force would help bolster depleted and beaten haitians and security services that have been fighting heavily armed gangs for years, but that violence has recently been made worse by an influx of more and more powerful

weapons. as our special correspondent tells us, the weapons fueling the violence mostly come from the u.s. >> this is where the majority of weapons in haiti come from, miami, florida. but not from the giant containers leaving the port of miami, but from this five mile stretch of the miami river where officials say they are nearly impossible to find. we went to one of several small shipping terminals along the miami river which specialize in break bulk cargo. we met anthony salsberry, a special agent in charge of homeland security investigations in miami. >> when you go to a modernized port like the port of miami, giant cranes loading them onto cargo ships, and a lot of access control and security, lots of paperwork. what you have here are loosely packed crates, very informal shipping, very unclear what the commodity is and how much is

going out. >> very hard to police. >> very hard to police. >> wow. this is a typical warehouse filled with packages all bound for haiti. >> we have some of the best interdict her's and inspectors in the world, but this is daunting. there is no way anybody can do it. >> packages are already sealed. they are lacking proper documentation. anything claimed to be worth less than $2500 does not have to be declared. >> just last year, homeland security announced a crackdown after hades customs agency found a shipment of arms in a package labeled church donations. but this can only be searched one by one with mobile x-ray units. it can take a month just to go through this warehouse.

>> we have to handload pallets through the x-ray. >> you have to move this pallet to x-ray it? >> yes. >> wow. we saw batteries, construction equipment, even entire cars. mostly, we saw sealed up drums and cardboard boxes. packages sent by haitian americans. poverty and hunger are rampant. >> the department of homeland security has to balance that on a whole. we want to not slow down the flow of commerce. but can you buy guns? sure. >> the principal source of guns in haiti is florida, guns about their individual or strong hand purchases in u.s. states were gun laws are lax. handguns sold florida gun shows draw as much as 20 times more in

haiti. are you seeing any sort of thread? is there any implication that there might be a structure leading this? >> that is what the goal is, to identify these networks. we have increased our partnerships with our international operation. >> while law enforcement officials are focused on gun trafficking along the miami river, new legislation is being developed to determine who is buying the guns. they have blood from the day before. these are people who can afford to do this. these people are hired, they are given guns, they are carrying out missions. but what is the mission, who is benefiting from it? >> before the latest round of

violence, we sat down with the cosponsor of the haiti transparency act now on its way to the senate. it requires the state department to present annual reports to congress on ties between criminal gangs and economics in haiti, information it doesn't routinely share. >> the state department would have to report any actors who participated on those who contributed to the gangs sending the guns. >> in addition to sanctions, last year, the u.n. authorized a national security support mission in haiti to be led by kenyan forces with funding from the u.s. after a deal was reached last week to send 1000 police officers, today can you put a hold on the deal. back in the u.s., congress has

only released a small portion of the funding. yesterday in light of the recent violence, they reiterated support for the mission. >> every moment we are waiting on this mission is every single day that we are actively losing lives of haitian people and americans. but it has raised eyebrows. the u.s. led a brutal occupation of haiti in 1915 that lasted for almost two decades. in 2010, u.n. peacekeepers brought cholera to the country, which killed almost 10,000 people and remains an epidemic to this day. she is the only haitian-american member of congress enter district has one of the highest haitian-american populations in the country. >> we have to stop the torture.

we need to have a haitian-american in congress the people set is for this time and this moment. for people who say don't intervene -- >> a major lifeline has been humanitarian. it allows haitians to live and work in the u.s. for two years. it has come under attack by republicans who blocked a bipartisan border security bill. >> the only way out of haiti right now, if you remove the parole program, that is a death sentence for every haitian living in haiti. 8 million people will be condemned to a death sentence. the only way you get out is the boats that come to miami, i have seen them at the border. how do we tell them that?

>> while violence rages and humanitarian disaster looms, a pipeline is vital for so many in need. but it is also a perfect way for gun smugglers to move the weapons. >> he says his company has been sending packages to haiti for the last decade and his customers know not to send weapons. >> keep it for yourself. >> while agents do make random inspections, charles said they

have never found anything. he says it is because they document every package and trust his system. >> it looks informal to us, but you have information on each and every package. you know who is spending what. >> first i'm going to ask you, your passport with a u.s. visa. >> relationships with you guys are important. >> charles has lived in the u.s. for 38 years. he said he has an allegiance to both countries. >> both. my allegiance, the united states and haiti. so far, i'm happy and i sleep good. >> do you worry about those

stories giving people like yourself? >> yet somehow guns make it through. whether it is the flow of weapons or the power of the gangs who wield them. shutting down either seems next to impossible, it is the haitians who suffer. for the pbs newshour, i'm in miami, florida. ♪ geoff: there has been a good deal of attention recently on violent crimes in the u.s. especially in many big cities and metro areas. data suggests the reality may be different than the past couple of years and different than the perception of how safe many people feel in their communities. stephanie sy has our update.

>> several headlines have put a spotlight on murders and violent crime that includes the death of lincoln riley, a 22-year-old nursing student in georgia who was allegedly killed by venezuelan immigrant who entered the u.s. illegally. her murder was front and center during the state of the union. in new york, governor kathy hochul began to coin the national guard to control the new york city subway. homicides did surgeon a number of places including rural areas during the pandemic, but recent data points to an overall drop in killings from 2022 through 2023. for a closer look at what the data tells us about crime in the u.s., i'm joined by jeff ascher, a crime analyst and cofounder of ah analytics. thank you so much for joining the newshour. i realize that every city has a different level of crime, but is it possible to make an

assessment of where crime is overall compared to five years ago and i'm not just talking about homicides, but also crimes like rate, assault, and carjacking. >> it is a lot easier to do with homicide and murder than any other violent crimes. for the most part, violent crime has been largely steady for the last 10-15 years. violent crime kinda fell during the pandemic. rose little bit and fell a little bit because a lot of violent crime is reliant on people being out and about. if people are not out and walking around, it is harder to do random robberies. you will see things like aggravated assault's fall. it is a different set of rules behind it. it has a much easier time of tracking it and agencies

recorded a lot more often. it seems to have stayed about that level, may be growing a little bit in 2021 and fell in 2022 and all the data shows that there was a sizable decline in 2023. stephanie: can you say in which places violent crime or murderers have not dropped and maybe even gotten worse? >> there are certainly outliers. anytime you have 75 or 80% of the nation's big cities go one way, there are going to be 50% to 20% of the cities's going the other way. certainly places like washington, d.c., memphis, even seattle have seen large increases in murder but haven't seen the decreases. although in 2024, especially, we may be in for a decline in 2024, although it is too early in the year to say quite for sure with respect to d.c. at least.

stephanie: it doesn't sound like most places are going through a violent crime wave. what about nonviolent crimes, for example car thefts, which are reportedly surging in san francisco and other things? >> there has been sharply declining property did -- crime for the last 30 years, that accelerated through the pandemic. if nobody is shopping, nobody is going to be shoplifting. in 2022 was a bit of a rebound. in 2023, property crime fell, but things surged. certain models of certain cars are easier to steal and tiktok showed people how to steal them. it led to these enormous surges in auto thefts. it seemed more of a big-city issue then small-town or rural county, but you saw places that

had overnight doubling of auto thefts, tripling of auto thefts. it is rare for a crime trend to have such an obvious cause and two to have a switch turn on and to see this in norma's increase or decrease in that type of crime. >> a gallup poll shows 63% see the u.s. crime problem is very or extremely serious. broadly speaking, do you see a disconnect be how -- between how people perceive crime levels? >> i would never say people would not be concerned or find the level of crime to not be troubling. i think with that gallup poll, what is concerning to me is that 77% of americans think that crime rose in the last year. all of the evidence shows that murder declined and

significantly, possibly the largest one-year decline ever. the per luminary data shows that violent crime and property crime likely fell. i think the real issue is that we have created a situation where people either think crime is on the rise because the data shows it or crime is on the rise and that it is declining. if you want to have effective policy solutions and an effective response to crime, we have to be in a position to acknowledge when it is going down. i think that requires people to have some level of trust and understanding of data and be willing to approach the question honestly because we all want to see crime and gun violence declining nationally. it is what does the data show and how do we continue those trends? stephanie: thanks for joining the newshour. >> thanks for having me. ♪

geoff: second act, a common phrase that for some people means loving your first career, but wanting to pursue something else in a new chapter. how one seasoned lawyer is forging a musical path for our arts and culture series canvas. >> good evening, everyone. we are out of seattle, washington. we are about to serve up some seattle soul. ♪ >> paula box mixes gospel and jazz, the diversity of her life experiences before starting a new career as a singer-songwriter. >> my life is not a straight line. often things have come at me

from left field. ♪ >> she learned to sing and play guitar in church choirs will growing up in virginia and europe. but she had to put her music ambitions on hold when she joined the army to pay for law school. that led to her first career in government as a white house staff attorney, then a prosecutor, and an advisor to four presidents. after another major career change to corporate america, she eventually became starbucks' chief counsel. >> one of our most beloved leaders paula boggs has decided to retire. >> a family tragedy prompted her to leave starbucks at the height of her career and get back to her music as a way to reset her priorities. >> it was a way to try to feel better about something very

painful. not long after my sister-in-law's death, i came to know about a one year songwriting course, so for a year while still starbucks general counsel, i took this course and i was part of the community of songwriters. >> what is it like to be at the top of corporate law and go into recording and touring and songwriting? >> it is really, really humbling. the good thing for me is that this is not the first time i have been thrown into something where i was a rookie. >> she started her band in

seattle. she had to learn how to arrange her music competitions with various different members of the band. she tours mostly on the west coast and in small clubs. two middle-aged audiences, her band is cultivated through public radio station airplay and music streaming channels. >> the bias in music is it is a young person's thing. so, there is suspicion for doubt or whatever when someone like me is trying to make a name for herself. the music i write, we make isn't going to be everybody's tea.

i want for us to be the best at what we do. and whether the audience is one or two or many more than that. ♪ >> some of her music addresses issues she thinks the country should be more concerned about, like racial disparities, especially for young black men. she believes the richness of her personal history and life experiences which all songwriters rely on can compensate for her late start. >> whoever receives your music, it becomes theirs. and whatever story they want to build around the song they can do that. ♪ the inspiration for a new song,

all of those things are part of this experience. >> you have had such success in all of your careers. what are the metrics now for success as a singer-songwriter starting out in late life? >> newsflash, i will never be beyoncé, right? but there is also the measure of how are you doing with how you were doing last year? >> latest album is named after the greek god for beginnings and endings which sums up her very diverse professional career and her constant search for more meaning in her life. >> i'm not here to tell you i have figured it out. i am here to tell you and share with you some of those milestones in my life that have led to what i hope is a more

authentic line. >> is the real paula boggs now standing on stage? >> absolutely. in technicolor. [laughter] [applause] >> thank you! >> for the pbs newshour, mill valley, california. [applause] ♪ geoff: teen mental health is one of the u.s. surgeon general's top priorities. our student reporting labs in our minds podcast from our teenage hosts talked recently with the surgeon general about his mental health as a teenager, tips for combating loneliness and isolation, and how to create tech free zones to limit time on

social media. >> thank you so much for >> i'm so glad to be with you. i'm excited for our conversation. >> one of your top priorities is youth mental health. most of us struggle in some way, but what if you struggle with? and did you ever ask for help? >> i struggled a lot as a teenager. i put a lot of pressure on myself to excel in certain areas . i think it's safe to say that my standards were unreasonable. i did not talk to people about it. because i was ashamed and it wasn't something i heard other people talking about either. i kept it all bottled up inside. i can tell you from experience

but that was not a good strategy. >> social media sometimes can access, but often times it does not feel deep and it can sometimes be harmful. how can teenagers best use social media? >> i haven't met a single person who has figured it all out with social media and i don't think people are having these struggles because somehow your generation is deficient. i don't think that is what is going on. i think you have just as much willpower and strength as prior generations. what is different is the technology you are surrounded by. there are large numbers of adolescents who say they are being bullied and harassed. six in 10 girls are being approached by strangers on social media in ways that are making them uncomfortable. maybe once not at the volume and the disparity kids are experiencing online now.

what are you not doing because you are spending a lot of time on social media? >> i was always on social media to the point where i needed a detox. it was like the algorithms and the likes and my own time management drew me in more and more. >> i found out a really good solution for me was keeping my phone somewhere i could not even see it in the first race. i would like to charge it somewhere else. >> to create tech free zones, i'm going to put my phone away a half-hour before i go to sleep. i'm going to charge it. that will positively impact the quality of your sleep. whenever i'm having a meal, whenever i'm catching up with friends, we are going to put our

phones down. i've heard of a common practice that when people go out to dinner, they will put their phones in the middle and whoever picks it up first, they pick up the tab for the group. it is much more likely you will be able to sustain that practice. >> that is awesome advice. >> thank you so much for your time. >> i'm so glad that we talked. >> thank you! geoff: season four runs through may with episodes every two weeks wherever you listen to your podcasts. as always, the revival of a sugar maple harvest is connecting young people. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm geoff bennett. >> i am on the u.s.-mexico border. on behalf of the entire team, thank you for joining us. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by --

>> consumer cellular, how may i help you? >> i thought i would let you know that with consumer cellular , you get nationwide coverage with no contract. >> have a nice day. >> moving our economy for 160 years. the engine that can access. >> carnegie corporation of new york. the advancement of international peace and security.

carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions by viewers like you. thank you. >> i'm terribly excited to be the anchor of pbs news weekend. we have become known for independent fact-based reporting. we are challenging people to understand the world a little better. taking the time to put them in context. the viewers i hope may come away informed good evening, i'm john yang. tonight on pbs news weekend. ♪

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♪ >> curtis stone: i already know that i love hong kong. but sometimes, you love things and you don't really understand why. ♪ ♪ i've been coming in and out of here for years, but it's always been on short visits, seeing things as a tourist. and it's still very much a mystery to me. (pans clanging) what i do know is, this is one of the most fascinating places in the world to eat. it's got a rich history with a mix of cultures and old traditions. at the same time, it's a city of tall skyscrapers,