stand up, go into the great city, and preach in it what i commanded you, jonah stood up, went, began to walk around the city, and preach what god commanded him, and said: “another 40 days, and the city will be destroyed if people will not stop their atrocities, and will not repent, and will not change their lives. don’t miss the denouement

tomorrow, we have five terrorists on the bus. well, gentlemen of the jury, maybe the trial continued, everyone was tried, everyone was acquitted, it ’s still good, how is it that everyone, you, no one will remain, everyone is dead, then he will be dream. attention to all groups, let's get ready for the assault, gossip, the finale, that's all, the last couple is coming, tomorrow 20:00 on ntv. antibiotics are losing their effect. force and this

circumstance has already cost the lives of millions of people around the world, is it really time to prepare for the worst, to what extent is the coronavirus to blame for what is happening, to what extent are we ourselves, why is not only human health at risk, but also food security, what measures does scientific research propose to take? community, how successfully doctors change standards treatment of seemingly elementary diseases, and where to look for remedies for this insidious scourge, let's talk about this with vice president vladimir chikhonin. vladimir pavlovich, antibiotic resistance name. probably one of the main threats to humanity - the world health organization, how many lives has this scourge already claimed in the world, to what extent does it affect us, according to who every year - it is non-working antibiotics, yeah, that take up to 700,000 people a year, but uh the process is actively developing and literally in 10 years it can reach reach quantity. up to

15 million, yeah, that is, the process is developing exponentially, we are in conditions where there is no real protection, yeah, and moreover, even if there is protection today, we are not at all sure that these antibiotics will work literally in six months, even in a year, when antibiotic resistance has overwhelmed us, essentially all the antibacterial drugs we have in reserve will be eliminated. drugs, especially for nosocomial, so-called comial infections, when in general resistance is being formed at a rapid pace, in strides, well, that is, this is a phenomenon in itself, it is not yesterday, yes, that is, it has come some way, as i understand it, but some, probably the most active contribution was made by the recent covid, you know, here is the first antibiotic - penicillin, as soon as, uh, betolactam antibiotics began to be used in nature, there

was a whole range of penicillin-like compounds, so microorganisms appeared that began to produce the enzyme betalactamase, which destroyed such antibiotics, they became inactive, well this is such a natural selection, natural selection, literally over the course of 10-15 years, up to 15% of local antibiotics turned out to be insensitive to microorganisms and

the occurrence of this phenomenon, then partly by eating, well, modern meat, chicken eggs and so on, of course, you are right, there are two components: on the one hand, of course, this is saving health, the second component is, of course, agriculture, veterinary medicine, when the uncontrolled use of antibiotics also aggravates the problems, because well, everything understand that... in the production of meat and dairy products , antibiotic drugs are used that improve the efficiency of the output, the yield of these products, and sometimes uncontrollably, uh, and i’m sure that many don’t even think about it, i

mean meat and milk producers in the world, chickens can’t imagine now, uh, they can’t imagine the development of their directions without the use of antibiotics, antibacterial drugs, so to speak. because now they are moving away from antibiotics towards antibacterial drugs. it turns out that with the underwater there may be some safety problems if antibiotic resistance develops in agriculture. here, of course, it is very important to consider a whole range of approaches to combat bacteria. on the one hand, these are antibiotics, on the other hand, these are antibacterial drugs of others, of a different chemical structure, these are, of course, bacteriophages today. by the way, in this direction. developments by russian institutes have a certain backlog and we are generally at a good stage of development, so to speak, in terms of bacteriophages, i know that at the gabrichevsky institute in rospotrebnadzor, this is an institute

of rospotrebnadzor under the leadership of anna yurievna popova, this direction is actively developing and can be to some extent, if not an alternative, then a serious one. factor in the complex therapy of similar, so to speak, diseases, here we are already saying that an antibiotic - why shouldn’t it be abused, but you’ll damage the liver, there are no bacteriophages, you know, bacteriophages are a natural product, so they are less dangerous, so to speak has significantly less adverse reactions of the body, so if we put some reserve antibiotics into use, they have also already been checked for levels.

in the initiating plan and in the russian academy of sciences, we have a platform of the scientific council on life sciences under the presidium of the russian academy of sciences, which considers these types of issues, we initiate consideration of these issues widely at the presidium of the russian academy of sciences with the aim of reaching the government, the administration president, i explain that certain directions.

appropriate permission appropriate registration certificate for the use of this antibacterial drug is a great success of the gamaleya institute, a great success, and today we really understand that there is a reserve antibiotic, which in some situations can actively solve a number of issues that had not yet been resolved yesterday, a serious step that allows we, as they say, prepare for the next stage.

the scientific community is working on this now; indeed, work has been initiated on the site of the russian academy of sciences

the creation of such a program, it must be said that the work has already been preliminary completed, that is, such a draft program has been prepared, appropriate consultations are underway, the leadership of the council with specialists who have been involved, specialists from a very wide range of... departmental such interaction have been involved, this includes rospotrebnadzor, the ministry of health, and the fmba, which actively plays a role here in precisely providing a fundamental platform, the platform of the russian academy of sciences, which was recognized to consolidate various departments, contributed to the creation of a draft program, i think that in the near future it will be submitted to the government, well, i don’t even know if it would be modest on my part to ask about the order of the numbers? because well, we understand that state programs are different, they are

tens of billions, absolutely tens of billions of rubles, yes, which in general, well, i’ll tell you that the creation of one antibiotic from the beginning of fundamental development to practical use in the world amounts to from one and a half to 3 billion dollars, yeah, so you understand. so to speak, numbers, the order of numbers, here we are developing a program, you see, we must provide for all the nuances, we must unite complexers, we must determine the unification of departments that will take part in it, involve manufacturers who must have sites and capacities for this , in order to produce all this, there is a foundation that allows this program to, as they say , sculpt, but what will be the output, so to speak, we’ll see, i hope it will be viable program. and here, by the way, this is how far we can calmly follow the sovereign path, that is

, everything is in order with import substitution, or are there some nuances that, in general, unfortunately, we will have to think about, well, the president of the country has set the task of achieving scientifically -technological sovereignty, and we are trying to do everything necessary so that we can be independent in solving a whole range of special problems, you know, after all... science is an international component, we must work in close contact with scientists from all over the world whenever possible, but as for... those moments that solve the country's security issues, we must be absolutely sovereign, this is the same case, of course, antibiotics and antibacterial drugs, this is the case where there is a direct connection again.