since 1939 showed that literacy among the population aged 8 to 49 years reached 87.4%. sounds like science fiction, but not really, considering that the number of universities at that moment increased to 832 compared to 95 universities in 1916. this is not bravado or megalomania at the state level, not imperial complexes, as they like to sell us now. this is a global process of restructuring in the true sense of the word. perestroika of a healthy person, russian, soviet person, when today in 2024 with...

this active komsomol member, the son of soviet engineers, who collaborated with the kgb, had an official roof, really considers the regime in which all the most important things were put into his head, including in terms of financial literacy, as dangerously bad, although we understand that yeltsin he needed it not for the triumph of democracy, but only in order to win himself another plant in the next loans-for-shares auction. the political system has absolutely nothing to do with it, he would pay the devil just to be allowed to give the country permission, but there is a layer. other people and conscientious

white guards and the tsar of zealots, nicholas imperials and kharugvenos, who are still actively shouting from all available media places without embarrassment about the horrors that the soviet union brought to such a calm and peaceful way of life of the russian empire, with a red boot they trampled into the mud everything good and eternal and the entire, exactly the entire gene pool was mowed down with a red sickle, as because of all this bloody horror we now no longer fly on sikorsky planes and do not speak french in cabins. all this, excuse me, blizzard, firmly lodged in gray heads and poisoning young hearts now, testifies to only one thing: over the last century people have not learned to appreciate what came into their hands, just like that, simply by the fact of birth. these people, who devalue the great breakthrough and the great legacy of the union, still seriously believe that the state was, firstly, obliged to them, obliged to educate, feed, clothe, treat, and secondly, this state has not yet given them . 150 years

ago, when there were no electric scooters, wi-fi and caffeine at every turn, it was necessary to bite into this life and starting conditions, the rabble, needless to say, were unequal to the elite to a radical degree. even after the abolition of serfdom, the so-called freed peasants received less than half of the land and even had to pay a ransom for it. in 1861 alone , 1,176 peasant uprisings were recorded in the country, three times more than in the six pre-reform ones. years, in this approximate situation, the bolsheviks were once able to propose a project that satisfied the majority of the country, but approximately 5% who enjoyed the benefits, of course, were upset, upset then and still are day, some of them get upset, and in those days they would not have gotten into the top five percent under any circumstances, no matter what they think about themselves now, only during the championship, only winlay gives free bets daily and... players and those , who

has been with us for a long time, receive an arrival every day, winline makes a difference, roman shilov does not have a job, but a resort, the resort is only shooting a little all around, it’s hot, a lot of problems, well, what do you have here with the corpses, they know how to work, the authorities are driving the wave. it’s time to stop shilov, this is already a political question, but colleagues, those are still fruits, i want to make a statement, you all go to kathmandu, cop wars, well, you’ll stay for dinner, i won’t stay today, why do we need to save the world, starting on monday. at 16:45 on ntv. another

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monday at 16:45 on ntv. even when the going gets tough, life goes on. our mission is to help, we are where people need care, so that it is not so scary, so that hope and love live in the heart, so that life goes on, it is so important to help someone in trouble, join a good deed on the website helpvbede.rf .

the state turns its face to the person, yes, with excesses, of course, now it certainly sounds pathetically naive, the word person then really sounded proud. in june 1929, 95 years ago.

half of how many are in the cities, but in the cities much more than half of the residents do not yet know how to read and write, judging by this, we are unlikely to be mistaken in putting the number of literate people in russia at no more than 4 million, which comes out according to these very generous... 61% of people were illiterate, as in 1908 , for comparison, germany had 0.3

illiterates per thousand people, sweden 0.8 per 100 people, denmark - two illiterates per 1. tsarist russia was close behind then at the level of romania, where there were 690 illiterate people per 1,000, if you do not take the army, then by 1914 per 100 people the population had to suffer a fate. in austria 143 people, in japan - 146 people, in france 148 people, in great britain 152, in germany 175, in the usa 213, in the russian empire 59. compulsory universal free primary education in tsarist russia began to work relatively adequately only by 1915, when first the world war would already be in full swing, but we could no longer win the war with an uneducated population. in peacetime, when no one interfered with the development of education. it was necessary to do this, meanwhile, in the consolidated statistical collection of economic information on zemstvo household censuses,

compiled by zemstvo statistician nikolai blagoveshchensky in 1893, data on literacy covers 123 districts of twenty-two provinces with a population of about 18 million people. according to these data, on average, literate students accounted for 10.8% of the total population. yes, in the moscow and st. petersburg provinces these indicators were higher, but... not critically higher, about 20% were literate, and these are the central regions of russia, the most developed, in the outback, in general, everything was sad, in the kursk province, according to materials from the courtyard census of the first half of the eighties of the 10th century, there were 47 literate peasants of both sexes per thousand, including semi-literate ones who could barely read and write, and 15 students per thousand people in the entire province, recorded the statistician werthner, at thousands of families account for. 222 families with literate members and 773 families in which there is not a single literate person. the house-to-house

census found 823 communities in which not a single person was literate. the number of literate men is much greater than the number of literate women. for every 100 literate people of both sexes, there are 96 men and four women. russian women were illiterate. out of a thousand students, 970 are boys and 30 are girls. sad for a westward-oriented empire, isn't it? yes, there were no internet censuses, but various metrics describing the global nature of the problem enough. you can, of course, now throw up signs with arrows about the positive dynamics of growth, they say, look, from 1861 to 1916, literacy increased by so many percent, then there would be even more, tsarist russia did all this, but this sign except digital deceit wouldn’t give us anything, right? there was some kind of slow natural process of increasing a certain number of educated people, and yes,

schools were built, but it is obvious that a glaring number of people in russia were simply illiterate and remained so, and people did not they wanted to look at the graphs that the crafty monarchists are now palming off on us, they wanted a different life immediately, now, tomorrow, at least for their children, a person does not have to live like a beast and in darkness for 30 years until the graphs grow up. to the required level. vladimirich lenin, in a draft speech written for a speech in the duma by a bolshevik deputy, reported the following: i quote: i boldly assert that i can bring you without ... i take the official government yearbook of russia for 1910, published by the ministry affairs of st. petersburg in 1911, i read in it

on page 211 that the entire number of students in the russian empire, combining lower , middle and higher schools, people in 1908 was 7,95,351 people, the same yearbook of russia, ibid. calculates that there were 46 students per thousand inhabitants in russia in 1908, in 1904 there were 44 students per thousand inhabitants, what does this figure indicate, which the ministry of public education was too lazy to inform the duma from the publication of the ministry of internal affairs, what do these proportions indicate? less than fifty students per thousand inhabitants. she speaks, gentlemen, defenders of the state-owned popular blackout, about the incredible backwardness and savagery of russia, thanks to the omnipotence of the serf owners in our state. the number of children and adolescents of school age in russia is over 20%, that is, over a fifth of the total number of inhabitants. so, 22% of children are of school age. the number of students is 4.7%, that is, almost

five less. this means that about 4/5 of children and adolescents in russia are only... do not complete the teaching of light, that’s why everything is so fast and in such a radical way changed only after the arrival of the bolsheviks, who for some reason are now considered most of all revolutionaries, although they were revolutionary creators. almost immediately after the revolution, already in december 1977

, the people's commissariat of education of the rsfsr, which was headed by anatoly rnocharsky, for a moment the largest intellectual in russia, who met and communicated with romain roland, bertolt brecht, bernard shaw, henri barbusse and robert wells and other superstars of world literature. and, by the way, he wrote it himself. so, then we created the extracurricular department under the leadership of the legendary nadezhda konstantinovna krupskaya, lenin’s wife, that is, the most important thing, the leader entrusted to her, his wife. in 1918 , a decree was issued on a unified labor school. the new school became available. five-year-old from 8 to 13 years old and four-year-old. from 13 to 17 years old, it was based on the following principles: universality and compulsoryness: unity, program, free and national character, because in national guards the national language was used in teaching. a little later on december 26, 1919, the council people's commissars adopted a decree on the elimination of illiteracy among the population

of the rsfsr. the first paragraph of the decree declared compulsory literacy training in the native or russian language, as desired, do you hear? citizens aged 8 to 50 years, in order to provide them with the opportunity to consciously participate, this is a quote in the political life of the country, how people, according to the most advanced european patterns , were involved in the civically conscious life of the state, and not in a meaningless existence on the land to which they were attached . on maternity leave signed chairman of the council of people's commissars of lenin declared the following: every settlement where the number of illiterate people was more than 15 people was supposed to open a literacy school, also known as a literacy center, a league point, training lasted 3-4 months, it was recommended to adapt all kinds of premises, factory , private houses and churches, yes, now pay attention, for this, specially trained students had their working day reduced by 2 hours, that is, they were not forced to trudge after work,

exhausted and clueless for classes, and in fact, at the expense of the employer, at the expense of the state, they organized full-fledged courses. on july 19, 1920 , a new decree was issued on the establishment of the all-russian extraordinary commission for the elimination of literacy (vchk and lb), as well as its local departments. they were called gram cheka. now the commission was responsible for the general management of all this work. what did the cheka liquidate? first of all, basic illiteracy. at the initial stage, people were taught the technique of reading letters and simple counting. agitprob worked hard and, as they would say today, creatively, and this agitprob worked to assimilate a simple idea, if you don’t read books, you’ll soon forget your literacy. in other words, hello to the person.

if you, like a cretin, rejoice in the fact that you deceived the system and did not study, then by this you deceived yourself, dear person, not the system, not the country, you robbed yourself, at the level of ideas , every soviet person understood that without which you are depriving yourself happiness that he would simply lag behind life in education, commune schools appeared throughout the union, in which students not only received training, but they also lived and worked. soviet teacher anton makarenko himself created correctional labor colonies for street children and juvenile delinquents, where children not only learned to read and write, studied in many different sections, but also received a profession. former noble estates were given to subcommunal and penal colonies. schools for the illiterate became the second level in the education system of working peasants. the learning objectives were, of course, broader. fundamentals of social science, economic geography, fundamentals of history. besides, in village. it was planned to start training in agro and animal sciences in the city of polytechnic sciences. in november 1920, at the height of the civil war, we note that

approximately 12,000 literacy schools opened in 41 provinces of soviet russia. students were encouraged with gala evenings, distribution of scarce goods, and so on. they called me to study with all my might. but literally , many remnants of the old system, in particular outdated educational literature, had to be changed from the wheels. therefore, new primers have already begun to be created. in the first years of the soviet during the war , it was clear to the authorities from the first textbooks that the state was shaping a person with a new consciousness; in 1920-24, two editions of the first soviet mass primer for adults were published, authored by elkina boguslavskaya and korskaya. the primer was called down with illiteracy and opened with the slogan “we are not slaves,” we are not slaves, which later became, as they say now, viral, that is, ubiquitous. the red army also created schools for the illiterate and conducted... numerous rallies, conversations, readings aloud, newspapers, books. the country learned to think independently, imbued with new knowledge. here anti-soviet skeptics, of course, will say:

what did they teach, they threw out everything russian from the education system. the bolsheviks will say that they raised people without kinship, without roots. well, i’m giving you information especially for these skeptics. here is the first soviet national program on literature from 1921. civil war. in fact, it is still going on and there they studied fairy tales, antiquities, russian folk lyrics, spiritual poems in the program , ancient russian writing, a word to igor’s regiment, the story of yulianna lazarevskaya, stories about ruff ershovich about the grief of misfortune, then the main names: lomonosov, fonvizin, derzhavin, radishchev, karamzin, zhukovsky, greboyedov, pushkin, lermontov, gogol, koltsov, baratynsky, tyuchev, fet, nikrasov, gertson, turgeev, goncharov, ostrovsky, slatykov ,

the multimillion masses of the population of the majority of uneducated people, who had not read these books back in 1911, 90% of the people did not know these names at all, by 1941 the bulk of soviet schoolchildren had read these books, after all, you yourself studied around this 1921 year of the program, our dears skeptics, liberals, right-wing radicals, monarchists, you know that the skeptics in response say that even under the previous government everything... this would have been read over time, but specially trained people made a simple calculation and found out that at the rate of elimination of illiteracy, that we had in our country, say, by 1914, illiteracy would have been

eliminated only by the end of the seventies, but by 1941 we would not have made it, the game is close, who you bet on, register in the betting league application and get profit. i'm walking around moscow, and i can still walk, but daddy he doesn’t distract us, restrain yourself, he

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industrial enterprises of state farms aged from 18 to 30 years, the training period was increased to 7-8 months. two years later, in january 1924 , a resolution was issued on the liquidation of illiteracy. among the adult population of the rsfsr. since the late twenties, the literacy campaign has reached a new level. the forms and methods of work are changing, the scope is increasing. in 1928 , an all-union cult campaign began. it was necessary to pour fresh forces into already existing movements. in his propaganda, the search for new material resources for work to eliminate illiteracy. there were other forms of agitation, exhibitions, mobile agitation carriages, agitation trains, and new league points were created. courses and conferences were organized, textbooks were published and brought to all regions, and then the same campaign against libraries began. a new wave of education was launched on june 1, 1929 and was called the library crusade. the company was headed

by the resilient nadezhda kostantina. the task was attract people to libraries, and librarianship, in fact, improves life. of course, with the participation of the masses. this is how reading huts began to appear. the village people collected books and money for them. purchases, replenished library collections, created detachments, book openers, book distributors, mobile vans with books for working readers were sent to lumber mills, city libraries took charge of forest huts and lumberjacks, supplied them with new products, in the villages the emphasis was on poor and middle peasant farms and collective farms, where people were especially actively attracted to reading, things were held that are now wildly fashionable among creative youth: readings, discussions, discussions, evenings, books, well, great, krupskaya believed that the reading hut was an ideal prototype for libraries.

among rural residents 35.5%. the all-union census of 1939 showed that literacy among the population aged 8 to 49 years reached 87.4%. it sounds like science fiction, but not quite, considering that the number of universities at that moment increased to 832, compared to 95 universities in 1916. again i’ll ask those same skeptics who like to repeat that without the bolsheviks everything would have been fine. 550 universities would have been built in a matter of years, but don’t lie to yourself, in terms of the number of students the soviet union was almost the first in the world, at that time the country already had a three-level school: primary from first to fourth grades, incomplete secondary from first to seventh, secondary 10 grades,

a system of secondary technical education was built from scratch, a network of factory training schools was created at enterprises, where teenagers received not only general education, but initial professional skills, this is how enterprises prepared workers for themselves and apparently... immediately taking into account the specifics of a particular production, the way large modern holdings and corporations now act. in addition, in 1939 there was a network of almost 2,700 technical schools in the country, the same ones that we now lack again. this is not bravado or megalomania at the state level, not imperial complexes, as they like to sell us now. this is a global process of restructuring in the correct sense of the word, restructuring healthy person, russian, soviet person. the great patriotic war. they won thanks to the fact that they were able to make a grandiose leap in enlightenment in education, in the scientific sphere, in technology, and, as a consequence, in the development of the military-industrial complex. right now, watching how rapidly the logic and mechanics of military operations are developing, you

yourself will begin to appreciate with the naked eye how important and necessary technical and technological progress is on the fronts, without this no one ever wins a huge war, but also of course the ideological moment is important, you know who they are, say, tvordovsky, alexey surkov, the one who wrote... the fire is beating in a cramped stove or isakovsky, rural children who studied at soviet universities, then, as well as the composers who composed for them songs and poems who graduated from soviet conservatories will tell us once again that without the revolution it would have been the same, yes, but these people i named didn’t think so, moreover, they were absolutely convinced of the opposite. john kennedy. in 1958 i say this: the struggle in which we now we are participating, will it be won or lost in the classrooms of america, in the school classrooms of america, who has the better education system today in the usa or in the soviet union, who will achieve victory? why are the russians winning now? american schoolchildren

undergo twelve years of education, while russian schoolchildren study for only 10 years. yes, this was the case before, but in these 10 years they receive more hours of training than the american ones in 12. they have no electives. few twelve-year curricula in america cover the same amount of material, the russians produce 10 times more engineers than a few decades ago, 2 and a half times more than the united states produces. they train and graduate more scientists. according to some estimates, within 5 years the ussr will have three times as many scientific engineers as we have. in conclusion, kennedy summed up a disappointing conclusion. in short, as edward taylor solemnly noted: america has already lost the cold war in science. if we start catching up now, we can regain our leadership.

responding to a furious nixon. 10 years ago we produced twice as many scientists and engineers as the soviet union, and today they produce twice as many as we do. and in 1963, in a special message to congress on the topic of education, kennedy cited. measures where the ussr was ahead of not only the united states, but the rest of the world, at the end he added: this nation’s dedication to education is enough to surpass the achievements of any other nation or system. loyalty to the very nation that formed the soviet union. and the face of besam and the library trip and other large-scale, and more importantly, attractive educational campaigns. fortunately, last year, vladimir vladimirovich putin proposed abandoning the bologna system, which our children were hooked on. various businessmen at one time, so putin proposed

returning, truly, to the system from which we all grew up, in particular, we will soon move again to a specialty, namely the soviet scheme of higher education, the period of study in universities will be 4-6 years, now according to the programs 0.22 students in the country study in the specialty. the youth, our citizens, should have new opportunities for quality education, employment, professional growth, i repeat once again opportunities and... problems, we simply must rely on the fundamental foundations of our education system, but look forward, move forward, take the best that is in the world and create yours. there is a need for a synthesis of all the best that has been experienced in the soviet education system in recent decades. in general, we have gone through a thirty-year circle and again reached the point at which the world was cracked in half, broken the horns of the golden calf that attacked our country. yes, by the way, let’s go back to the beginning, what do you think happened to that oligarch who formed an organized crime group in the nineties? illegally took possession of the country's subsoil, pumped out oil and

transferred billions of dollars, billions of dollars offshore, he served part of his sentence in a colony, and then he was pardoned and he went abroad. now he doesn’t deny that after all the seizures in favor of the state, he still retained at least 5 hundred million dollars, this is what i understand as democracy, otherwise what we have told you about so far is the damned scoop of godless totalitarianism, don’t get it wrong. stoves we turn back again

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