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Understanding 9/11tv Rossiiskaya diplomatiya NTV August 4, 2024 7:00am-8:01am MSK
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tuesday, october 23, 1962, almost became the day of a nuclear disaster. the strategic nuclear forces of the ussr and the usa have been brought to the highest combat readiness. the soviet union and the united states, which went down in history as the caribbean crisis reached its climax. the us army has announced the level of readiness of devkon-2. this is literally one step before the start of a nuclear war. the us missiles would take 30 seconds to launch, and the ussr was ready to respond with a nuclear strike immediately. a year earlier, on october 26, 1961, the whole world.
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photos of soviet american armored vehicles were flying, standing opposite each other with turret guns aimed at both countries of the berlin wall at checkpoint charlie. early in the morning , tanks approached from the american side and stopped literally a couple of meters from the gdr border. the soviet side did not remain in debt and less than an hour later our t-54 tanks took up positions opposite the americans. on the same day, a meeting took place with french president charles. degol with soviet ambassador sergei vinogradov. politically, degol supported the west german americans, but understood that the united states was ready to resort to nuclear weapons in this conflict. the general wanted to warn moscow about this, so he summoned vinogradov to his place. well, then we will all die together,” the ambassador answered him. the berlin crisis was not the first confrontation between the soviet union and western countries. tensions had been building since the late forties. after world war ii the former.
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allies in the anti-hitler coalition predictably became opponents, but what was the very starting point of the beginning of the cold war, what events gave rise to rivalry two huge military-political blocs - the usa and the soviet union, was it possible to avoid the establishment of the iron curtain and how did soviet diplomacy manage to change the course of world history? on march 5, 1946, in the american city... hulton, former british prime minister winston churchel, gave a famous speech in which he launched the cold war. it’s interesting, but churchel no longer acted as prime minister, his conservative party lost the elections, he personally volunteered to accompany him on the trip to fulton newly elected american president truman. churchel’s speech in fulton in february 1946, very often they try to start the countdown of the cold war with it, but it is more of an announcement, it is a manifesto.
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stalin reacted to it quite harshly, yes, saying that churcher’s speech was a call for war, but churcher was still influential, but at that time a private person, he was in the opposition, as is known, yes, he did not hold any positions then important government positions, that is, he simply, as an influential person, voiced some ideas in the presence us president truman, a year later in march 1947, when the so -called truman doctrine was announced, in fact it was truman’s speech before the two houses of congress, it was. emergency session, in fact, he asked for money for, well, financial assistance to greece and turkey, but these programmatic points related to containment were voiced there, in particular, it was said about the need to resist attempts by totalitarian regimes to impose their will on free people, that is, why doctrine, because he voiced the us position that the united states will attract various means, ranging from financial to military, in order to resist the attempts of... undemocratic
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regimes to impose their will on democracies, although it was very difficult at that moment to classify greece and turkey, of course, as democracies, but nevertheless, that is, in fact, the truman doctrine can already be considered the beginning of the cold war. truman and churcher had something to discuss; they could talk about the secret plans for operation unthinkable, developed by the british general staff, or about the american in terms of totality. in fact, the operation is unthinkable, and this is still 1945, may. this is the reaction of churchill and the british in general to the negotiations on poland that were unsuccessful from their point of view, because churchill went to the soviet union in the fall of 1944. then , as you know, at the beginning of the year there was the yalta conference, and churchel was not satisfied with the ussr’s position on poland, because in britain there was a london government, and the polish one was in exile, of course, churchel would have wanted to imprison the london poles first in total... the government, and the soviet union
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insisted on attracting an active polish national liberation committee , pro-soviet, largely communist, in order to put pressure on the soviet union in churcher ordered the general staff to develop a plan for a limited operation, with the possible flow into an unlimited one, against the ussr, in addition to the anglo-american divisions, it was also supposed, theoretically, to involve the german ones, which had just capitulated and were not even really disarmed, because well, the plan was presented on may 22, but they calculated everything and realized that it would turn out badly, this is the first plan, it is believed that this is to some extent even a bluff, this is already the first plan for a nuclear attack on the soviet union. earned by the americans at the end of 1945, it is important to understand that this is not out of nowhere, because at that time we had the iranian crisis, and the united states, precisely in connection with the iranian crisis, but in 1945-46 for the first time resorted to nuclear blackmail, and accordingly, in terms of totality, yes, we
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were talking about the bombing of 20 or thirty objects in the soviet union, despite the fact that at the turn of 45-46 they say that the americans had only nine bombs. that is, they seemed to be either planning for the future, or they were bluffing when they made this plan. in his speech, churchel called on the english-speaking peoples, and above all the descendants of the anglo-saxons, england and the united states, to unite against the soviet union. churchill did not mince words. shadows descending on the continent, fifth columns, police states, complete obedience and unconditional expansion authorities. that was his rhetoric. the politician himself, apparently, was pleased with his speech, calling it that same evening in the company of truman the most important speech of his career. in moscow, the speech of the former ally was already known. on the morning of march 6, a complete translation of the fulton speech was already on stalin’s table. as an experienced politician, he followed
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the world reaction, and did not immediately give the first answer. on march 14, stalin commented on the fulton speech in the form of an interview with a pravda correspondent. themselves are fulton. churchill's revelations were unlikely to appear to stalin's surprise, quotes and articles. in fact, mr. churchel now stands in the position of warmongers. he has friends not only in england, but in the united states of america. how irina meroshnichenko won catherine deneur in love. everyone knew , but no one brought up this topic. who convinced the actress not to give birth to a child from igor vasiliev. this is mistake. and like after a quarrel with him. found yourself between life and death, you can dream, plan, rush somewhere, but all this can end in one moment. the secret will of irina miroshnichenko, that the actress hid until the end of her days, which she repented of shortly before her departure. all my feelings, all my emotions, they were
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fixated on this. the program's ongoing investigation is based on real events. today at 20:00 on ntv. miracle. era august 17 at 20:00 on ntv. in which business is reliability most important? in air travel, in delivery? in construction, it is important everywhere, which is why tebank business already has more than a million clients. they value it for its reliability, the latest technology and personal approach. we have changed the name. but the quality of our services remained unchanged, the bank is a business and the job is done, how to find your calling, where to get the necessary skills, how to earn more? find the answers by getting a profession in skillbox, like 20 thousand graduates after training, start your journey for free, skillbox
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purchase, and the design with armitage paintings makes it unique. apply for a platinum credit card from t-bank with a limited design before august 31 and receive free service forever. taebank is the only one. in february 1945. no one had yet thought about the iron ban, the second world war was going on, the allies gathered in yalta, the place was not chosen by chance, at that time roosevelt and churchel recognized that the red army made the main contribution to the victory over fascism. by that time, after the landing in normandy, a second front had already been created. in fact, this is the last meeting of churchill, roosevelt and stalin. in front of the cameras, the leaders portray unanimity and unity in the fight against the common enemy of nazi germany, but already soon. everything will change. the special atmosphere of the unofficial events hosted by
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the soviet country was emphasized by all conference participants. despite the lack of time, stalin always found an opportunity for conversations with members of the american and british delegation. soviet diplomats hosted an afternoon reception in the spirit of american cocktail parties. there are only drinks and snacks on the tables, and the guests are having a casual conversation. this format of communication was suggested to joseph vissarionovich. also the ambassador of the soviet union to the usa andrei gromyka. stalin liked the idea. in his book , gromyka recalled: he moved slowly, with a thoughtful look. at times he became animated and even joked. i knew everyone present by sight. he remembered a lot of people, could name their names and often say where and under what circumstances he met a person. this quality of his impressed his interlocutors. event february 4-1, 1945. went down in history as the yalta conference. it was in the levodia palace that
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the foundations of the post-war world order were laid. during the meeting, agreements were reached on borders states in europe formulated the principles of post-war international law. in addition, the parties agreed to create the un. april 12, 1945, less than a month before germany surrendered, suddenly. when ambassador avril garman arrived in the kremlin, stalin took his hand and held him for a long time, without saying a word. no words were needed. he understood that the final part of the struggle would be much harder than he had expected. his main ally left the battlefield. gariman himself was not yet acquainted with the new president, though but the us ambassador was confident that trumand. follows the course of his predecessor, because he, being roosevelt’s right hand, always shared and ardently supported his views. according to
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gromyk, among soviet leaders, gariman always left the impression of a person with whom one could talk as a worthy representative of a large state. stalin and harriman discussed the upcoming trip of ussr foreign minister vyacheslav molotov to the usa. the first friendly visit in a long time and acquaintance with a new american leader. truman is a man of action. which marshal stalin will surely like, gariman said in parting. gariman is a very interesting person, he is from a family of major industrialists, that is, a representative of the american establishment. he was initially very active during the war, yes, the second world war, the great patriotic war, he dealt with len-lease issues, in fact, for 41-4 years he was a representative of the president of the united states, in great britain, in the ussr, and above all he coordinated issues of providing economic assistance, yes and military assistance, here's to the military equipment, and then from forty-third he became ambassador to the ussr itself, well, it is known about him,
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on the one hand, of course, his role is important, and in creating an anti-hitler coalition in conducting... these joint negotiations between representatives of the ussr, the usa and great britain, including during churchel’s visit in 1942, his first visit to moscow, but on the other hand , it is known that even in the middle of the war he wrote telegrams to roosevelt with such content that the soviet union was nevertheless inclined to expansion, to penetration, yes, thanks to my communist ideology, in other states to undermine democracies, and after the war... but he was the coordinator of the marshal’s plan, that is, well, as stalin noted, in my opinion in 1946, that gariman did a lot to ensure that the soviet- american relations deteriorated after roosevelt's death. russian plans pose a threat to us and the world, we must face a new ideological crusade, as energetically as fascism and nazism. here are theses from harriman's report to the new american
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president. harriman actively opposed positions of the soviet union. this meeting took place. truman and molotov. therefore, the minister of foreign affairs of the ussr, vyacheslav molotov, who flew to the united states at the end of april , had a very unpleasant conversation with the american president. together with ambassador andrei gromyko, they visited truman's residence. truman called the yalta conference a one-way street and expressed a tough position on poland. molotov and gromyka were stunned and said that they had never been spoken to so unceremoniously in their lives. "follow our demands they will not deal with you talk like that, truman replied. harriman was shocked by such harsh behavior of the american president, who later recalled how energetically truman attacked molotov. i'm sorry he did that. his behavior allowed molotov to tell stalin that roosevelt's policies were abandoned. it was a mistake. gromeka described the meeting with the president
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as difficult. it was felt that truman had already tightened the spring. the relationship was damaged. on the morning of august 6, 1945 , the american bomber annogay dropped an atomic bomb on the japanese city of kherashima "baby" 3 days later, the plutonium atomic bomb fat man fell on the heads of the people of nagasaki. this was the first, and so far the only combat use of nuclear weapons in the history of mankind. at that time, the united states was the only country with nuclear weapons. but after the soviet... union announced the creation of its own nuclear weapons in 1950, the plan to drop atomic bombs on soviet cities was postponed, the lack of a monopoly established precarious parity. the confrontation between the two systems did not force itself the long wait soon resulted in a big conflict in korea. june 25, 1950,
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local clashes in the area of the thirty- eighth parallel. escalated into a full-scale war when the war between the ussr and japan began, and in august of 1945, almost immediately soviet troops crossed the korean border, and during august the country was liberated, respectively, in the fall of 1945, here is a country divided between two occupation zones, in 1948 proclaimed with the assistance of both the usa and the ussr, in the north in the south, here are two different regimes, two different republics, the republic of korea, first then the korean people...
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the troops that occupied korea, they simply retreated to the thirty-eighth parallel, south korea was ceded to the americans, well, because there was such an agreement, in the end there were two regimes, that is, there was no united korea it worked out, but as is still known, there are many reasons, they are both domestic and international, that is, the very fact of the division of korea along the thirty-eighth parallel into zones of the sphere of influence of the soviet american occupation zone, it led to the fact that both germany, each of the parties in its sphere of responsibility put the necessary... government, that is, this is the communist government of cameroon in the north and well, as the americans believe, that the democratic, well , let's say, non-communist, yes, because it was a real dictatorship. lesenman in the south, respectively, after the withdrawal of soviet troops in 1948 and american troops in 1949, these two regimes remained opposite each other, it is clear that both wanted to unite the peninsula under their
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banners, the question is when the conflict will break out, it was a matter of time, another thing is that - they argue about the role of the soviet union and china, but in the fact that they gave it the go-ahead, supported north korea, so north korea started the first in 1950, but the documents that say that stalin gave the go-ahead... definitely yes, in general, well, i don’t know about this, maybe they exist, but they are probably not declassified, another thing is that the victory of the revolution, well, the communists in the civil war in china, the proclamation of the people's republic of china, the signing of the treaty, because maudong, as is known, yes, i stayed in the soviet union all winter of 1949-1950, as a result , a soviet-chinese treaty was signed, and it somehow strengthened the position of north korea and, well, communist china. mao zedong, he was for this war, in american sovietology, at the turn of the sixties and seventies, then here during perestroika,
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the opinion spread that stalin deliberately pitted china against the united states in order to finally break ties between the chinese communists and america , tie to yourself, but it is clear that this was a political moment, because at that moment kissinger was building his triangle, and he was just building relations with the chinese against the ussr, therefore. well, this is an opinion, it has a right to exist, but it was still so politically biased, that is, there was simply a combination of factors here. peace between pyongyang and siul was never concluded, and the consequences of this conflict still affect the situation in the asia-pacific region. another tense situation after world war ii war arose in indo-china. the territory of vietnam was divided along the seventeenth parallel into two parts. the vietnam war. had already reached the americans, the french, already in 1946, began military operations that were unsuccessful for themselves, then peace was concluded,
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the fact is that a pro-communist government came to power in northern vietnam, the americans traditionally opposed the spread of communism, considered it their duty , they began to support the government of south vietnam, the liberation front of south vietnam was formed. ultimately as a result, the incident in tankin bay led to the direct landing of americans on this territory and the bombing. a direct participant in these events, general shvarskov, who was first an adviser and then commanded a battalion, says that america’s participation in the war was a terrible mistake, because many officers of the southern vietnam, who sympathized with america, after the americans knitted. conflict, began to support the liberation front of south vietnam, north vietnam, and either simply went over to the side of the guerrillas, or engaged in espionage activities in their favor, which ultimately predetermined
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at the poddam conference, the three victors decided that berlin would be governed by four powers: the united states, great britain, france and the soviet union, which together would also govern germany. the soviet union began to form people's democratic governments in its zone of influence. the idea was that all parties that had not committed themselves to cooperation with the occupiers would form a government from both the left and the bourgeois parties, it was understood that gradually the peoples of eastern europe would realize the advantage socialism will begin to move smoothly in this direction, but nothing came of it thanks to the policies of the west, the truman doctrine and
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adopted in... the soviet union began the accelerated sovietization of governments of people's democracy. in fact, the four-party rule of germany lasted just over a year. in 1949 , the western zones united into a federal republic, and the soviet. the zone became a german democratic republic. the soviets controlled a large sector in the eastern part of berlin, and the americans had a sector in the south. the british and french had their sectors in the west and north. moreover, berlin itself was located deep in the territory of the gdr. the battle of berlin began with stalin's note on the unification and neutralization of germany on march 10, 1952. 6 years later november 28th.
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1958 nikita khrushchev proposed declaring berlin a demilitarized free city, that is, taking away their occupation zones from western countries, and on november 7. in the ninth year with the creation of some blocs, and later in the fifty-fifth year due to the fact that the federal republic of germany, yes, west germany, was being drawn into nato, an ats bloc was being created, then there is a warsaw pact organization; in may 1955
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, a corresponding agreement was signed in warsaw. why didn’t the soviet union resort to this before? well, apparently, solely for reasons of german participation, that is, as soon as it became clear that the participation of germany should be avoided. nato will not succeed, since the soviet union made very active efforts, including propaganda efforts , to disrupt negotiations on the european defense community, through which germany itself was tried to drag him into nato, he succeeded because the french national assembly failed these negotiations, in 1955 germany was connected to the western alliance and through it to nato. after this, well , apparently, it was necessary to strengthen the integration of eastern europe. us president john kennedy, the soviet union invited the new leadership of the united states to return to discussing the german issue. the soviet union was worried about two problems: recognizing the eastern borders of germany and preventing the creation of nuclear weapons by the federal republic of germany. june 4, 1961
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the meeting between kennedy and khrushchev began in vienna. the american side was told that the ussr considered all of berlin to be the territory of the gdr and did not see it. to preserve special status for the western part of the city. kennedy insisted on the us military presence in germany for an indefinite period. the question of the status of west berlin was fundamental for khrushchev. kennedy said that if necessary, the united states would fight over west berlin. for the first time, the president admitted that the forces of the united states and the ussr were equal. khrushchev's answer was simple. since such equality is recognized, then from this it is necessary.
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the advanced american forces stopped a few meters from the east berlin border, marked by a white line on the asphalt, and less than an hour later , soviet tanks appeared from east berlin, they also stopped at the border, american and soviet tanks were only tens of meters away from each other from each other, they were all armed with live ammunition and both sides were given the command to open fire immediately if the enemy attacked. berliners gathered in the narrow alleys leading to checkpoint charlie. the next day's newspapers estimated there were approximately 500. a large crowd of people who may have thought they were witnessing the first shots of thermonuclear
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war. american soldiers stood next to their tanks, barely out of their cooking pots, while west berliners gathered behind the barriers bought dry pretzels sprinkled with salt from street vendors. this scene i... was illuminated by powerful searchlights from the eastern side, and soviet tanks, those standing on the unlit part were almost invisible. the situation was so tense that when a us army helicopter descended low enough to survey the battlefield, a panicked west german policeman shouted, get down, and the obedient crowd fell face first into the ground. the american garrison was put on alert. the french soldiers were ordered to remain in their barracks. the british installed two anti-tank guns near the brandenburg gate. the soviet union, this is already under khrushchev, yes, i wasn’t happy with the status of west berlin. maintaining the occupation status already exists in the gdr and the federal republic of germany, but there exists, in
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the heart of the gdr, an enclave in which, on the one hand, the occupation forces of the allies, on the other hand , the laws of west germany are actually extended to it, and through it there is an outflow of population, yes, well to a more prosperous, more well-fed one. living in western germany at that time, that is, again, a crisis, but some kind of attempt at forceful pressure on the part of khrushchev, this is again an invitation to discuss.
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soviet american tanks at the checkpoint here, checkpoint charlie - it was already october, then little by little it began to fade away and well, it is believed that the acute phase of the crisis passed in sixty-one, but in american historiography in the west there is an opinion that ... it finally came to naught by the sixty-third year after the caribbean crisis, when it was demonstrated that escalation does not lead to anything good, that is, both sides began to very calmly somehow try to calm each other down treat a friend anyway, don’t flex your muscles, but rely on negotiations. after a tense night on the berlin border, marshal kony met with khrushchev in moscow. the situation on the border in berlin has not changed, no one is taking any action, he told the soviet leader. konev warned khrushchev that if he challenged
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the americans, american tanks might go on the offensive. khrushchev ordered konev to take the tanks. he was sure that after some time the american tanks would also withdraw. saturday morning, around half on the eleventh, the first soviet tanks pulled out of checkpoint charlie. some were littered with flowers and garlands, which members of the free german youth had placed on them in the morning. half an hour later, the american tanks drove off. john kennedy's advisor william kaufman later recalled: berlin was the worst moment of the cold war, especially after the construction of the wall, when soviet and american tanks stood opposite each other. in the middle of the week-long cuban missile crisis, we saw clear signs that in fact, the russians are not going to push us to the edge. there was no such feeling in berlin. this is how one of them ended.
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the usa will definitely respond with something. at that time , the americans already had 2,400 nuclear warheads, while the ussr had 10 times less. in the event of an attack on its territory, the ussr could not give adequate us response. on may 21, 1962,
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khrushchev raised the issue of importing soviet missiles to cuba at a meeting of the presidium of the cpsu central committee. the country's military leadership initiated khrushchev. supported, this was the only way the military hoped to detain the united states. the cuban missile crisis, of course, again lies on several levels, on the one hand, the fact of the victory of the cuban revolution, and the fact that socialism has stepped forward, largely thanks to the destructive position of the united states, into latin america, because initially castrac himself was not a communist , his brother, raoul, was a communist chagiwara, they were marxists. castro rather adhered to this, well, he is rather a left-wing liberal, but since his... government encroached on the sacred, yes, property of american companies during land reform, accordingly, he immediately turned into an enemy for the united states, and this, in general, contributed to the rapprochement of cuba with...
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a very small, let's say, number of carriers could get for the usa, and the usa, the dssr, took pity on everything they had, both bombers and medium -range missiles, which were located here on bases around the ussr, plus what we call it. these medium-range missiles, which appeared in europe just at the end of the fifties, and in turkey, in italy, well, great britain,
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which they had a relatively short flight time to the soviet union, and khrushchev, as if this was an attempt make a retaliatory move, and what will happen if the americans see missiles close to their own home, so here are a number of circumstances that led to the fact that in may sixty-two the soviet management decided to place it in cuba. medium-range missiles, and tactical missiles, which, by the way, the americans did not know about, at the moment of crisis, in the summer, accordingly, an operation began to transfer these forces, well, firstly, troops, yes, ground troops, an entire group was created there of several tens of thousands in my opinion, the man, well, actually the components for these very medium-range missiles, then the idea of the secret operation onadr arose, this operation was developed by the deputy minister... of defense marshal of the ussr ivan bogramyan. it was not by chance that the operation was given such a name. in the eyes of the enemy , it should have looked like the largest
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naval exercises of the ussr in the arctic. the secrecy of this plan was so high that no more than ten people in the entire country were fully aware of it. and even the highest officials of the ussr ministry of foreign affairs were not informed. after suspicious activity on the island , american planes flew over cuba. they became regular scouts. on october 14, 1962 , a photograph taken by a u2 reconnaissance aircraft the american military check is in shock. absolutely, these were the positions of launchers, ballistic missiles, r-12, but andrei gromyka, who was at a meeting with president kennedy at that time, denied everything. and yet , on october 16, 1962, information about the presence of soviet nuclear weapons in cuba...
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kennedy was convinced that it would be enough to limit himself to a blockade of cuba, because if
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direct hostilities began, the soviet union could respond where it was stronger, for example, by occupying western occupation zone in berlin. everyone understood well that in nuclear there are no winners in the war, there are no guarantees that russian missiles will not reach the united states then. decides to address the nation on television, and nikita khrushchev urgently assembles the presidium of the central committee. to the soviet generals, an encrypted message was sent to cuba: in the event of an american landing, use tactical nuclear weapons. kennedy declared a naval blockade of liberty island and issued an ultimatum to the soviet union. the missiles must be removed from cuban territory. khrushchev sent a letter to kennedy about the illegality of the blockade of cuba and that any ship. it will be under the soviet flag ignore. khrushchev called this isolation an act of aggression, pushing humanity into a nuclear war and threatened that if soviet
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ships were attacked, there would be a catastrophe; the soviet union and the united world had never been so close to nuclear weapons . the states were silently waiting for the very moment when one of the parties will not withstand the stress. and then it was decided to organize a meeting of the two parties, namely trusted representatives, on behalf of the united states; journalist john sculley of the ussr participated in this meeting, represented by alexander feklisov, counselor of the embassy soviet union in the usa. in fact, he was a difficult diplomat. from 1941, he served in the soviet station in new york, where he obtained information about the american atomic project. in the early sixties, in the us capital,
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feklisov was known as. surname famin. the scarev crisis threatened to go too far, this was understood both in the soviet union and in the united states. scali was a journalist, but not just any journalist, he was personally acquainted with the president of the united states. and the contact, the idea, the initiative of the contact, came from him, that is, he knew perfectly well with whom he makes contact, that is, with a resident of soviet intelligence. our resident understood perfectly well that it was not easy for him. a journalist, and a person who can convey information to the very top, whether he really acted at his own peril and risk, as they now write on his own initiative, or whether it was a directive from above, we will never know, but he conveyed the information that was necessary, namely, if america landed in cuba, the soviet union would strike american bases in europe, this was serious. october 26 in 1962
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, feklisov met with john scalim in washington. scali worked as a television journalist and was in close contact with the kennedy brothers, whom he had known since his student years. at the meeting, scali told feklisov that the landing of american soldiers on the island of freedom was inevitable. feklisov unexpectedly retorted that if this happened, the ussr would certainly strike west berlin. scali retired for consultations. a few hours later they met again. at this meeting , an american journalist conveyed a message from...
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his brother president robert kennedy met with soviet ambassador anatoly dobrynin. robert kennedy said that his brother was ready to give guarantees of no attack and a speedy lifting of the blockade from cuba. dobrynin asked kennedy about the missiles in turkey. if this is the only obstacle to achieving the settlement mentioned above, then the president does not see insurmountable difficulties in resolving
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the issue, robert kennedy replied. on the same day, ambassador dobrynin. requested a response from the kremlin, but everything could have been ruined by long text translations and teletype encoding, it took 6-8 hours, and khrushchev understood that he could not hesitate to answer, then he decided to speak on the radio. as a result, a compromise was reached. the americans are removing their missiles from turkey and italy, and the soviet union is removing missiles from cuba. the cuban missile crisis is over. as a result of the diplomatic struggle, during which the soviet leadership took the position.
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this problem, but we are not talking about the problem of relations between the ussr and the usa, an agreement on the removal of soviet missiles with nuclear weapons. back from cuba in the ussr, this agreement was carried out between the ussr and the usa, bypassing cuba, this was a big problem, because cuba is our ally, under the belly of the united states of america, accordingly, if we first supplied them with missiles, now we are taking them away , they may, well, to put it simply, be offended, and at that time china was actively demonstrating its position as the leader of the socialist countries; there were fears that cuba would be offended by the soviet union and would work directly with china, accordingly. they needed a person who would go to cuba and competently explain to them why this is why the missiles are taking back weapons from cuba, and accordingly, will maintain this relationship where the soviet union is like a big brother for cuba. this
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person was chosen anastas mikayan, a competent, experienced politician who had experience in international negotiations, among other things, and - most importantly, he had good personal relations with the cuban top political leadership. and he flew there, began to negotiate, communicate, despite the fact that his wife died during the negotiations, he remained at these negotiations, he brought this matter to an end, the cuban leaders were really very offended, they did not understand why the removal of weapons was agreed upon without their knowledge, but in fact, what we know is that the soviet union and cuba remained in close partnership, friendly relations, and cuba continued to focus on the soviet one. union, this is a merit, including anastas mikayan. there was one more task left at that time - to reassure the public, and here khrushchov proposed an original solution. unexpectedly for everyone, he invited members
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of the politburo to the theater. the calculation was that show the whole world the calmness of the country's leadership, even in such tense times. and although the leaders present in the theater only pretended to be avid theatergoers, the effect of such an act was great and calculated. was fully justified, khrushchev’s idea worked as a reassurance, despite the difficult situation around cuba, the entire soviet leadership was at the show, which means everything is calm in the soviet union.
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hello, you are greeted by the information service of the ntv television company, in the yulia bekhtereva studio. more than a hundred people were evacuated to buryats from flood zones, people were placed in temporary accommodation centers. due to the difficult flood situation and dam overflow , a state of emergency at the republican level is in effect in the region. according to the authorities, the distance from the scene of the emergency to the nearest populated area is more than 5 km, and there are five villages in the flood zone. volunteers and equipment were brought in to help residents, the authorities began assessing the damage, traffic was blocked on sections of the baikal federal highway for a day, and some places were completely washed away.
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