of it was november 2017 when the mexican media covered strange news. clinic in pueblo was attacked by several armed man, armed man who wanted to kill one of the patients of the clinic. the victim was none other than notorious criminal known to all as el calimba. a little later, it became clear that

the reason for el calimba's death was settling an old score between criminal groups, but that was not all. there was a still one unanswered question: why did kalimba come to the clinic? conocido como el calimba, que fue asesinado en una clínica privada en puebla, acudido, dice la fiscalía del estado, hacerse una cirugía plástica para volverse irreconocible, incluso intentó borrarse las huellas dactilares. the truth was that el calimba wanted to imitate his colleagues, people like amado carillo and el chapo, two famous criminals who resorted to plastic surgery escape from the police. kirillo died during the operation, but elchapo was more fortunate. he was able to

fool the police for several years by changing his facial features. of course, the strange news about these criminals eager for plastic surgery was not a new issue. movies like face off have already depicted such cases. of face off was made in the same year that a model carilla did not survive the surgery, a film that was supposed to narrate the challenges of plastic surgery in the guise of a police story. in the movie, john travolta of and nicholas kage swapped faces. travolto

wanted to infiltrate the prison by changing his face and cage, as a murder wanted to change his identity forever. the sale of $250 million of this film proved that plastic surgery has become an attractive topic for the audience, issue that took on new dimensions at the beginning of the 21st century. the figures reported increase in facial plastic surgery, but no one knew the reason. was facial plastic surgery performed only? to hide the identity or were there other reasons? south korea has the most cosmetically enhanced people on the planet. the practice of going under the knife is viewed as gateway to better careers and the key to happier life, but the high demand for

a plastic appearance is also feeling a dangerous addiction. the answer to this question may lie in the streets of the capital of south korea, in the streets of souls going them district that are full of plastic surgery advertisements. in fact, the advertisements of this type of surgery seen everywhere, from billboards and city televisions to subway. of course, the volume of these advertisements in metro stations is more than anywhere else, a place that hosts the attention of tens of thousands of travelers, those who constantly ask

themselves about beauty after seeing these advertisements. some of these advertisements refer to the beautiful faces of famous people, and the other part refers. to seasing the opportunity for surgery. in fact, before and after plastic surgery photos and the persuasive sentences are supposed to send the audience to the surgery clinics. clinics that are found in gungnam more than anywhere else. in south korea. it seems beauty is everything. for women, that means big round eyes, pointed nose, a pleasant smile, a v-shaped chin and slim jaw. and this is where they come to get it. so this is abujan, which is effectively the las vegas strip of plastic

surgery. and all the lights behind me here, all these businesses, 95% of these businesses are plastic surgery clinics and you walk past these clinics and they have lot of appertising in the front window. and there's pictures of the doctors, and the doctors are effectively the movie stars of the plastic surgery world, they're the celebrities of the. more than 400 plastic surgery clinics are working in gangnam's improvement quarter alone. the dense density of clinics in this neighborhood shows that a profitable business with unknown dimensions is going on in the buildings, business that is... confirmed by global statistics. more than 4,000 clinics provide cosmetic surgery and so with an estimated 650,00 people per year going under the knife. the majority of plastic surgery patients are women in their late teens and 20s, like ann min young, a 24-year-old piano

teacher from sou. capital of the world, in terms of the index the number of plastic surgeons compared to the population, this country has taken the first place by huge margin. some estimates say that between 20 and 30% of women in soul

have undergone plastic surgery at least once. other statistics also emphasize that more than 50% of young girls in this city have undergone facial surgery. korean men have a 15% share of this staggering market. oke sekarang saya sudah bersama dengan dokter li di ruang operasi ee wigana. start the operation uh, excited, nervous of course, but

uh, hopefully everything's okay and we have a best result. of course, the desire for plastic surgery does not only include ordinary people, this desire has included people like the former president of korea. so... surgeries in this country have a wide range from forehead and eyelid correction surgery to nose job and v-line surgery. in fact, jaw surgery is a common practice in korea. for this, surgeons cut the lower jaw with a saw to connect the two jaws again according to the patient's order. of course, this practice was first used. work in genital diseases, but today it has found another use in korea. koreans often want their faces to

look like westerners. in fact, it is the interest in the western faces that draws this industry's clientel to the streets of gangnem. today i'm visiting one of the biggest and most. popular plastic surgery clinics and so hi, welcome to plastic surgery, 10 years old, the grand has recently expanded, opening a 15 story tower with state the art medical facilities, employing 30 doctors and 400 staff. we were given unprecedented access to the building, or be it closely monitored by a pr team, the general manager.

요즘에는 가슴 성형도 많이 하십니다. 그리고 이제 그 턱 수술도 많이 했습니다. 앵그리나 말라나 뭐 이런 부분도 많이들 요즘에 하고 있습니다. 아무래도 어 좀 더 이뻐지고 얼굴 형태가 작아질 수 있도록 뼈 수술을 많.

koreans became familiar with plastic surgery after the korean war, the american occupying forces agreed to give plastic surgery to the victims of the war for free, but a little later this incident took on other dimensions. a us army plastic surgeon named david ralph miller changed everything. he suggested a type of surgery to the koreans to fulfill their desire to make their eyes look bigger. this method of surgery became popular very soon to the extent that today the business of plastic surgeons depends on it. a profitable surgery. which obviously has complex cultural reasons. dr. jungsu, professor of psychology

at yanci university emphasizes that in korea people's appearance is given a higher priority than their personality. social status is more important than thoughts and looks are more important than feelings. comparing korean society and western societies, this psychologist reveals that the difference is in the way of looking at life.

houses, cars and home appliances, but today it has spread to every part of the face. huge number of girls in this country go to beauty clinics a young age to find a job or find a life partner. a person who doesn't undergo facial surgery is considered ugly and is gradually rejected by his or her friends because in korea.

it was in the late 50s when plastic surgery appeared in. that brazilians also got to know it. this happened due to the efforts of a surgeon named evo pitange. pitange convinced the then president of brazil that being beautiful is a right, just like other areas of health. of course, his argument was also about ugliness. pitange used to say that if

people are ugly they become depressed and this depression inc. social problems every human being since he is born looks at himself and look at his peers, so you went always to be similar to your pears, so in a way you are psychologist with knife in your hand. santa casa hospital, is that uh the practical way in which you're giving brazilians the right to to be beautiful, so i feel that was very important to give to people. awareness that they had a right to be normal, to be like the others and independing of a social club. his efforts finally paid off, it was decided that cosmetic surgery be free for all people, or at least subsidized. like a church, petang

institute was both a place for teaching surgery and place for operating the poor, it was for this reason that they chose the title of pope of plastic surgery for him. now 50 years have passed since pitange's efforts and cosmetic surgery in brazil has found a strange situation. now brazilians can't live without plastic surgery if they want to. doing this is necessity to find a better job, a spouse and social position. necessity that puts the people of this country in line for cosmetic surgery for months and in some cases years. some statistics say that the government of this country subsidizes half million cosmetic surgeries every year, issue that doesn't exist in any other country. the

international society of aesthetic plastic surgery says that in 203 alone, more than 23 million cosmetic surgeries were performed worldwide, a considerable number that is not limited to south korea and brazil, surgeries that are not medically necessary in most cases and are performed only at the request the patients. 는 강남 여자 같은 모르시죠? 강남 강남 여자 같은 그런 막 되게 인의적인 얼굴은 되게 싫어서 그냥 딱 제가 하고 싶은 부위만 딱 하나. media advertisements, cultural issues and fashion may be well-known reasons for the

success of cosmetic surgery, but there are other reasons. researchers consider other reasons to be related to human psychee. what they're talking about is a disorder, a disorder. called body dysmorphic disorder or bdd. this disorder has been recognized for nearly a century, but it has only been considered a mental disorder for 30 years. a person suffering from this disorder considers his body parts abnormal. he is unhappy with his physical features and constantly compares himself with others. the origin of this. this strange disorder is not well known, but those who were ridiculed or humiliated for their appearance in their youth are more prone to this disorder than others. unofficial is

statistics say that between 10 and 15% of visitors to beauty clinics are those who suffer from this disorder. we may imagine that cosmetic surgery can be suitable. treatment for bdd, but that's not true. only 10% of patients with this disorder are fully satisfied after the surgery, but the remaining 90% will return to this starting point. either new feeling of dissatisfaction forms around the changed organ or it spreads to other parts of the body. researchers advised such people to see psychotherapist, not a plastic surgeon. the first time i said

i was fat, i was 3 years old. 14 years later, i would go to develop anorexia nervosa. the body image isn't what we think it is. it's not, it's not the reality that we we are taught. our reflection in the mirror is a construct or a misconstruct. it's neurological artifice. nowadays, society has a really messed up view of itself anyway. i mean, for example, all it takes is is someone to say they think that they're beautiful and they're hounded by social media being arrogant and vain rather than actually being. confident or having high self-esteem, we're almost competitive with our flaws, but at what point does body dissatisfaction become

clinical? at what point does body dissatisfaction become body dismorphia. body dysmorphia is anxiety condition in which patients have a complete fixation on their subjective floor. the the importance of this condition cannot be stressed, because to compensate for this fixation, patients will often self-mutilate or even commit suicide. but what i want to talk about today is that this isn't something that just affects clinical samples. this is something that should affect every single one of you in this room. fashion activists and influencers are fueling this kind of disorder. with their media activity every day, the difference in people's appearance is not important for this industry, they try to determine beauty

criteria for the audience. if someone is close to these criteria, they're beautiful, and if not, they should immediately contact a beauty clinic. of course, the fashion industry has another accomplice in creating this disorder, famous people or... for celebrities. celebrities are now trying to make their fans look like themselves by presenting a specific appearance. of course, this event has a relatively long history. for example, american women in the 1950s did not have more than two choices. either they had to resemble the famous actress of those years, that is marilyn, monroe, or their social circle was limited as the sixth bomb of those years in the united states, monroe was able to achieve legendary fame. of

course, she became an actress mostly. because of her appearance, everyone was talking about monrose beauty, but few people knew that this beauty is the product of manipulation and of course the media propaganda. when human beings first decided to domesticate animals and keep pets at home, they had different goals in mind, but now the idea has been taken to a whole new level. watch in this documentary how animals are...

suffering at the hands of human beings and how keeping animals has changed people's lives. a blood thirsty cult, a terrorist group by nature, the mek. it was formed in 1965. with the aim of taking power in iran after the alter of muhammad reza shah. having failed to win the hearts of the iranian people, the group fled to saddam hussein's iraq to carry out operations against them, and yet that is not the end of the story.

the headlines, more palestinians are killed in israeli attacks across the gaza strip, the death sold tops 40,400. washington. keeps fueling the israeli war machine that's taking more and more innocent civilian lives in gaza, and meeting with the katari prime minister in tehran, president pezan slams the west for supporting the gaza genocide.