the russian states to navigate as one of the most sense community best most i'll send send up the keys 195 and speed you what else calls question about this? even though we will then in the european union, the kremlin mission, the state on rochester day and split the ortiz full neck, even our video agency, roughly all the band on youtube, the tv service was what question did you say a request, which is the, [000:00:00;00]

the most magical time of, of year christmas in swing, and russia. and while some prisoners traditions seem like working style prisoners in new year. and roger is a whole different for the we decided to head the system, the picturesque russian town, which is about to turn 1000 years old in 2024 with its snow covered churches, traditional houses and a true festive ceiling. is the perfect just setting to find out more about new year,

had a christmas traditions in russia. marietta chief of us a historian and as no just help us understand more about this especial time view. this place is a winter wonderland. it's absolutely amazing. i wanna ask you about some of the christmas traditions. is it true that they had to be reinvented overtime? talk to me about how christmas became new years here in russia. left shit, the and actually it was under peter the great that we started celebrating new years on december 31st like you to agree that there should be public facilities with fireworks and bonfires and you suddenly after he died however, and christmas remains the main winter holiday tradition surrounding the new year celebration where reinvented during the soviet time after the 1917 revolution with the bolsheviks wanted to eradicate associations with christmas present. so new years was bend and the 19 twenties and thirties scheduled by the 1930 s and new generation had grown up not knowing what celebrating christmas felt like smoke. so

the soviet authorities decided to reconstruct me or reinvent new year's celebrations. similar to the 1st new year's eve was officially mars in the winter of 1935 to 1936 could meet. just so you could argue that the soviets deliberately created new year's traditions, month, but they tried to make sure that it's celebration was different from christmas. is it true that the christmas tree was once band and then brought back and then band again and then brought back a it seems like it's a uh, an interesting relationship with the christmas tree or the yoga and the russian traditions. yeah. been used cars, l a store and the guy wouldn't say that the christmas or new your tree was ever bend for a long time. the. there's a widespread belief that the christmas tree was banned during world war one, but it's not true. it's just that many russian families decided against christmas trees because they were associated with a german tradition. and germany was russia's main enemy at the time so that the

tree was only officially bend of the 19 twenties and early 19 thirties kind of by the soviet government. because people associated with christmas because it's in 1936. however, when new years eve became institutionalized as a holiday, it's a tree reemerged in people's homes, and most importantly, and official places why they started putting on shows for children. but again, it was to celebrate new year's simple, not in christmas distance. kim. i am in the web with him. what about a christmas decorations for that christmas tree? does it have any special meaning what goes on them? is there anything special about how you decorate a christmas tree here in russia? i would, if i, let's say you'll small agree decorated christmas trees were 1st sold in german confectionary stores. so the 1st ornaments were actually confectionary items, such as can be apples notes wrapped in foil, etc. when those are the predecessors of christmas ornaments that are chewing, when christmas, trees were allowed to and, and the soviet union,

they also began to manufacture tree decoration. so you, i think the soviet ornaments are an incredible historical source because they reflect in political, historical, and other realities of the day. and it's no coincidence that for new years is the main family holiday in our country and such. and there is this tradition where you open a cupboard and pull out a dusty suitcase and with their parents, grandparents and even great grandparents holiday decorations i've done. it really brings generations together since and many homes who have for newman's hailing from different arrows. and lots of historical context on one christmas tree, and it's another thing that makes this celebration. so families centric can i get my listening the are almost a century, some of the most beautiful christmas tree ornaments have been made of right here at

this factory initially. no extremely fragile. these masterpieces are all handed made from glass. let's find out more, the fire glass and the air. these are your ingredients. how do you get from those raw materials to get an ornaments? would i be able to gloss and fire are an animated things, but when you combine them, when you heat glass by fire and breathe the air into it, you get an ornament. well, you breathe life into it, and you've got an ornament, a living, single of sorts. here's how, what happens? these ornaments i've done find their way into every household. it's so rewarding and so important. now i hear that you can't even stop for a 2nd. you always have to be in motion. what happens if you stop? so nobody else and you're right,

you can't stop with animals because flossing cooled down. and once it cools much, no matter how much air you've low into it, you won't get an ornament english thing. so it's a process that can't be interrupted. what is the most difficult ornaments of a summer? first thing the most difficult in my opinion is a ball. yes, because you use a technique called free blowing. vall needs to be perfectly even in round. it's not easy for moles blowing allows you to make ornaments in any shape you're given a mold, and you just flow molten glass and to it to say there are certain nuances and tricks to so generally it's less challenging to deal with, but always shift it seems to me, this isn't unusual career or how does want to actually become a glass blower. now you're right. they don't teach you this craft anywhere. i teach apprentices here at the factory. that's why they hired me because they wanted to train a new generation of glass workers. it's

a unique profession. were few and far between the, the ornaments produced here are some of the most famous in the world. so what makes them so extraordinary? the so this is interesting to me. it's my understanding that in the 20th century, there weren't any christmas trees at all for a while at least. so how does this idea of christmas ornaments begin in the 1st place? nursery lets you, let's in, i don't christmas ornaments in russia, india and the 20th century. and people certainly is that great to their christmas trees backs. and actually you'll just be aware of this as a pain in the early 19th century. that's all name. it's far as policies in agents haven't seen the above, the tradition was gradually adopted by wealthy people h rhonda of human nation enough,

correct. the habit of thinking right in christmas trees was established in the m as in a case of javascript, where, where they didn't produce the ornaments and i was searching until 1976 more than a scrum using child the story of the we're in the museum now this here we have the earliest on, and some of these play certainly be aware of some of made from glossy to here. they are worked out as a call to you and there are many of them. maybe they weren't easy to make it cheap . and in great demand, because by 9 from 36, there were almost no ornaments left in the country. once we have remarkable references, yes and little this is the very supposed plausible to, if it was definitely it has a layoff silver inside chart. seated on this either, but it used to have a coach of luck on the outside too, but it's obviously appealed the way since 9 instead of 6 years, which i mean, it's still the volts device on which russia rates room one. so here we have the oldest and the most important decorations we deal with it. we also named these

gallons and gallons made of paper flags. the each of these decorations are hand painted by the artist working in this factory. you'll never find 2 identical pieces. the helium, this is fascinating to watch. i know that here at the factory you have a special technique. what makes the painting that you do here? unique? i goes to the ornaments that our factory out completely handmade will expose glass blowing and painting. they're done entirely by hand. that's what makes them unique . we also have ornaments of painted with water and color technique. frequently. it's our in house convention, very complicated, technical, very labor intensive workman, very beautiful that you can't find to barnum and slide these anywhere else. now in a world it is increasingly becoming mechanized. you do everything here by hand as

you've already mentioned. um and it doesn't seem to lose its magic. do you think people need this magic? what's the case here? going yes. name the thumbs up slowly. here is precisely because we're living in this a fast pay in high tech world that people could waive this kind of warranty. so any motion we confusing our product floods every morning and creates a specific mode and no to ornaments are identical. so even though they may be similar here before the end at new year's time, when you walk out into the street, uh and you see your ornaments out there, does it give you a sense of pride? what do you feel? good news gets very rewarding to see our hand made more comments on christmas trees . i'm going to see how they make people happy on your how they glitter and shine in the festive lights and it's

a great feeling the now what about santa claus versus the father? for us or did mottos. we know we have santa claus. everyone has a history there, but yeah models um kind of interesting. it's my understanding that he used to be kind of a horrible evil figure. but how did the turn into this a jolly guy that brings in the new year spirit? there were different characters in slavic mythology, but just one character united them all i didn't see was known under different names as the school zoo is out morose, go or just did was cold. and then it was a being a god that was responsible for winter, frost boy, but he was never associated with christmas or new year's eve cox. and he's later in the mid 19th century, father christmas appeared analogous to saint nicholas and the what sort of you get father frost, as we know him today is a soviet invention. you know,

it is current appearance took shape over a long period of time. the generals, by and by he got a long winter coat, usually bright colored and grew a long beard, finally got a long magical stuff and so on. but it's true that he was constructed from various images. it also is it doesn't whole because of it is a, so it's a beautiful place, shall we go check out some more of the social. okay. but actual the, so we were talking about father for us to get models. but here he is accompanied with the snow made and so you go to scott, can you tell me about her? what's your role? how does she come into play? i thought you need to this new start in. it's a fascinating story. as i told you before, father frost has always been associated with saint nicholas santa claus and christmas, which was odd for a soviet hall the day storm. so they decided to invent

a companion for him. initially. different characters were tribes such as little rabbits, puppets, etc. what's more, father frost is a mighty character and it's some little kids were afraid of him. you know, when the snow maiden was added to celebrations, children felt more at ease. she, she acted as a kind of intermediary between children and father process with whom you call. another thing that's important about this, no maiden is the link with same mix as was disconcerting for soviet authorities. assange could not have a granddaughter for obvious reasons why it was, but our fathers for us did have one. i do, so it helplessly drip away the image of religious undertones. group and kids just loved the snow made into the streets and then put a deal, a search and did some very cool. now what about dental is himself, is it true that each nationality around russia or within the russian federation has their own version of good models? what i see is different peoples of russia ethnically, a very diverse country to have a lot of different characters and traditions of their own media. if there is

a common thread, connect, new years is a transition goal. it's a passage into something that is unknown and therefore dangerous vs and where there's uncertainty and danger. and there's always superstitions, rituals, and we'll leave which help people safely transition into a new state. and yet the in addition, there is this widespread belief that nature is governed by spirits or some superior powers, which leads to the emergence of various nature related figures. and he's either punished people for wrong doing or reward them for the good they've done. there are many heroes like that throughout russia. the best known perhaps is the tar piece by an old man who looks like father frost all day, but he is always accompanied by his daughter and kind, morris spirit, somebody more lives in good alia. they have a kind yes it said was actually a burly young guy, and she is described as a canadian young fellow, frost underscoring his uniqueness as opposed to our familiar father, frost. okay,

so in italy they throw things out at the last minute in england they leave the back door open so that it can let the new year out in spring for some reason in the last moments of the old year, the 12 grapes before the beginning of the new year. what are some russian traditions for the new year? there's the civil on new year's eve. it's mainly a family holiday scene. so you have your whole family or your closest friends gathered around the table. elizabeth tvs usually on people watched the president's address. we followed, of course, by the chimes of this vast good tower clock on the red square on the you're supposed to make a wish while the clock is trimming. again, some people just think of their wage on the other scribble it on a piece of paper burnett. and split the ashes into their champagne glass. and this

way it should come true. it's so after that outdoor fun begins, most people go outside for firework. that's, that's what is the story half calf ask about food. there's, there's a lot of different new year's traditions when it comes to food. one of them is official wearing a for a coat of but talk to me, what kind of food you guys have it me. as i spoke, i said say, talking about traditional new year's food, we make all kinds of parties solid with the meat, fish and mayonnaise, such as the famous olive here, solid herring, under a 1st coat with them, a most of salad. and so for a nick isaac mandarin oranges are an interesting symbol of new jersey. previously, they were part of typical children, gifts assorted sweets and pretty boxes and were considered a rarity. so these days, mandarins are easily available all year round it, but people still like buying them in winter because of this association with the new year's superior court. overall, the menu is about prosperity and it is not everyone can afford caviar on an average

day change. but if you're going to have had the or at least once a year, it's probably going to be on new year's eve. it's about celebration abundance and sharing with your loved ones. yeah. for some reason people tend to save their best dishes for new years. and again, probably it's because it's the most a family centric holiday of all to. so as you can see, these traditions are flexible, but there's a sense remains the same as they aim to the strong positive emotions to which help perpetuate these traditions over many years. and yet not they'll get go with them. like how we did trial of it. so thank you very much for conversation is been incredibly in the the agent council remembers many traditions that have been long lost in big cities here . you can get the real taste of the beautiful and festive russian winter. the

denise, this place is amazing. it's a magical wonderland frozen in time. what can you find here? and so, so that you can't really find any place else. well, what the stuff is, one of the oldest towns in russia. we will celebrate this 1000th anniversary next year with them for us. not for me is founding much here with these trip just from his 1st mention in the chronicles. and you would have to, which is from here that much of russian history is played out of football and you've got what makes it especially unique is that it has retained its original appearance. but almost originally it really don't can. you can see the beautiful 10 poles and dimes you actually is due to the area being up a victim of logistics in the mid 19th century. with that still, the roads and railways bypass the us is that organ. the times that still remained as it used to be, is that gonna be now when it comes to christmas traditions and new years festivities, a lot of russian traditional folk or kind of make their way into the stories and the traditions. can you tell me a little bit about that when all go for

a lot of it comes from russia's past started and i since 1700 on you, you celebrations of coincided with structurally well, holy days. she missed, they would begin on christmas eve of us. we have to get, by the way, you were not allowed to reach anything on christmas eve, except such people show a kind of weeds, partridge. there's just an only after the 1st stock came out, really got the will. then we would celebrate christmas at the beginning of the holiday season and stretching all the way until epiphany. hello, good, willing to this. and if there were many interest thinks initially just by fortune telling, people have always been interested to find out about the future. that sort of thing, but so i can't help it ask, this is a sleigh. it seems like the perfect time of day with all this. now, do you want to go for right now? yes. cost as well. hey, coach my past the so i have to associate this with the crazy russians, but you guys also have

a tradition of diving into free z. i see water is in the middle of this cold juncture. it's during the of tiffany. can you talk to me about the tiffany and the traditions that you have associated with that shania profession is about remembering the baptism of jesus. and george and by john the baptist, excuse him, christian must follow the life of jesus christ in every aspect. even in the little things truth, christie, i know that price was baptized, i'm not days, right? results are all people take a day just like him well to, to start pretty serious tradition my see crazy to those who wants a positive i did it, does it still exists here? which regards to so people take the obligatory data? no. like it was interesting though, but the meal just no one catches a calls from you. man, you are personally, i've never heard of anyone getting l after taking a dep on a patient either level sco so well. there is a little secret them, but the, the water under the ice is 4 degrees celsius, load it 6. they can be minus 1020 or 30 outside. you know. so when you get into the water, you actually feel warm and go out and they will rep. just remember to get are quickly and put on some warm plants. afterwards you'll be just fine days. i'm not sure what

progress but now for me, i was just talking to our team. it doesn't get much more christmas than this right now because we are dashing through the snow and a one horse open sleggs. it's the definition of jingle bells, but russia, you guys have an association with christmas in winter, the track of which are 3 white courses. can you talk to me about the truck and the significance of that? is that what are the outs in the country? people prefer to try cuz which could go really fast and i know that it's easy. it's or i foster in a slight and then a carriage or a peasant cops or photos that the person is like during fast, will enjoy the adrenalin rush. we love extreme speeds, extreme cold, and sometimes even the arctic stream drinks. so russian winters, there's a stereotype and they're dark, they're called, they're gloomy. it's, it's kind of a negative, depressing star type. but at the same time, you have lots of the traditions are christmas and the celebrations and parties. and so it's a warm time that's associated here in russia. talk to me

a little bit about some of the other traditions that you have here in lot, much 0. what, what winters the season when we celebrate sciatic deal wholly dave's just was go from christmas trip. if anything, unless i knew some of the leaves or some of the most important holidays for us, we ought to get is about merriman joy and celebration that the police about ancient rituals and fortune and tell them to get done. yeah, now you just mentioned the structure of the holidays or it's a time of fortune telling, i guess that comes just before christmas most talk to me a little bit about that tradition that you have here in russia will be at or what? so yeah, as i said, safety begins on christmas. eve comes, we call the state, so shell, neck, and russian. besides the set by christmas eve was a day when children began singing carols as they would go from house to house, praising jesus and asking for gifts. trade show that people saw that if you didn't reward carlos with something like that, which you would have a difficult year, i had it by fortune telling something. women are fond of doing curious update lights, and i was going to happen. you have to put a team, there were many different fortune telling rituals. sports long,

traditional way of doing it was the eaves dropping to someone else's window to learn about the upcoming year. i showed you gals would also throw a show over a fence much to see which way the total was going through this method that was supposed to be the direction from where the future husband become your skill level that goes with also sometimes how strangers and the straight succubus, what's your name? they would ask you that way. if they believed they could learn in the future, husbands name this way, but assume that it was considered a sin not to be married during those days in the machine you were supposed to have funds to visit each other in price jesus slide, but there was a catch the bus for the it wasn't appropriate for women's ago visiting around christmas time when it matters just what people believe that those that you have a woman was your 1st visit to the old women in your household would be ill all year long. but it's so late to save it traditions and matched so you're going to 7 people started saying should say, how are you celebrate the new? yeah. so you will spend that little sure, and nobody never, they saw that they have to payroll and that soon get rid of all of that junk with the phone us, which that the, but that is mostly soviet mythology and use that over to show. traditionally though

we've been a christian countries for me, it was states in christian tradition, right. which is 1000 years old stuff. the, the end from all of us here at inland visions, merry christmas. the other house. the why?

the to suckle out the price so much i just don't know we, we but as a shot record is enough to notice that you know, to theater when you, if you have to put a really special aggressive swap on beach and control them. so pretty glassman, since i knew it was a study,

it's different as of what's going on for lutrece vitale. somebody called us from us, which is kind of nice with that, i'm pretty sure. so that would ensure it's good for us to see on the can you feel like i have any more she wouldn't have got the car needs to be quite clear. but i think i've got to let you know who the pressure the goes items the job to shop. um. yeah not. i'm normally at the are you to leave a say own coley, jake? uh, the uh,

of the citizen the function, the known in vietnam as the american war, the vietnam war, lost it for almost 2 decades and dragged in numerous countries.

not any time between now and then you don't really know why it's all i'm emptied. hundreds of thousands of american troops was sent to the country to bank the south vietnamese on me. and that's on top of that not meant to supply the american soldiers. miller did resist as mercilessly to down entire villages and spread dangerous chemicals and lee by all right, did the americans ever fully acknowledge what they did on the vietnamese veterans ready to forgive? yeah, yeah. yeah. that's, that's a ways to or

the advice $23.00 policy needs, a reporter till the end is rarely strike on rock for city in gaza. the depth so exceeds 21000 with an estimate of 55000 people injured, a doctor in rafa which borders it describes how locals all struggling to survive. many wounded children, a child and his father came to meet. they were the only ones left to life and the whole thing. she was missing one corner of his skull and almost no wise. there are many such cases. it's hard and painful to watch. the 50 more people are