as i got involved, however, the vietnamese paid a high price for their freedom. more than 1000000 in vietnamese people became the victims of america. in the dressers, the burger and fries might look harmless. if you are basic ne, brad, let us tomatoes and maybe some potatoes, some might even consider this to be a perfectly balanced meal. but is it really? i'm christy, i'm, you're watching the cost of everything. we're today. we're going to be dissecting the issues that impact our plates and ultimately our lives. we're gonna need delving into the world of fast food and explore all of the hitting costs. these preservative and additives have on our societies health. the fast food has become synonymous with convenience, but at what cost?

fast food with its high levels of saturated fat sugars and empty calories has played a significant role in the obesity epidemic that we see today. and as we know, obesity is linked to a myriad of health issues from heart disease to diabetes because fast food produces millions of pounds of food every day. it is meant to be affordable and consumed quickly. most fast food meals are prepared from frozen can or be hydrated products and are simply reheated before serving. these fluids are high in calories below on nutrition, which means that they'll leave you feeling hungry and cause you to binge it. aside from the usual culprits of salt and sugars and fast food, there are many hidden chemical ingredients views and preparing the meal. chemicals are added to most fast food products to make them last longer and taste better. but these chemicals compromise, the nutritional quality of the food. common chemicals include pro faleen glycol,

which is an additive that stabilize moisture to prevent ingredients from sticking together or drying out. it is toxic and high doses. the sodium nitrate is a preservative to keep neat products like baking ham, or be fresher for longer while enhancing their color. and this has been linked to certain types of cancer. synthetic food dies, which are used to make foods look more appealing, can also cause allergic reaction and has been linked to different types of cancer. and now we have filler products such as cellulose and potassium bro made. they're added to sticking products like meat and bread, and this can interfere with the bodies, natural nutrient absorption systems, satellites, which are found in gloves. boxes and plastic wraps used to prepare food, are also commonly found in fast food. this class of chemicals is linked to infertility, pregnancy, complications, diabetes, and again, cancer fast food chains also rely on large scale factory fires, which we genetically modified chickens, pigs,

and cows that are fed antibiotics to make them grow faster. and in the end, the antibiotics end up in your body when you eat their meat. processing fluids often involve stripping fluids of their natural neutrons, leaving us with meals packed with additive preservice and excess salt is added as might enhance taste and shelf life. but they come at a price to our health preservatives, while expanding shelf life can wreck havoc on our bodies. to some studies suggest a correlation between preservative and process foods and an increased and risk of cancer. these additives disrupt our bodies, natural balance and over time may contribute to the development of various health issues. and now today we're joined by author, mary nestle, professor of nutrition, food studies and public health at new york university. so marianne, can you elaborate on the nutritional pitfalls associated with a died heavily reliant on fast food and process meals? things like eating and mcdonalds, burke or even a subway sandwich every day. it's

a serious food and one are now called alter processed foods. you know, it's just that if you make them into a daily diet of the normal thing the, your eating, they have a lot of calories and people tend do too much of them. so those kinds of diets are associated with gaining weight and gaining weight is associated with heart disease and certain kinds of cancers and type 2 diabetes and all of those problems. and what has happened is that the american diet has become increasingly processed and increasingly based on fast foods. and so i have them, i've been around for a long time. so i have, you know, historical memory about this. when my kids were young, i took them to mcdonald's on their birthdays. it was a really big deal and they had wonderful birthday celebrations. they still do actually, um, but we do need it. mcdonald street the rest of the year. you know,

i could do the home. and so it's the difference between mcdonald's once a year and mcdonalds every day is a large number of calories. and, and that's really what the problem is. but even fast food back then has to different fast food scene healthy. you're in less process then nowadays. is that true or is that just a best? i missed all jake memory moyer, single thing. so i mean they were processed from the beginning. what's happened is the portion sizes have gotten larger and i had a doctoral student, we see young who did that research and demonstrated that there was a very large increase in the size of fest portions between 19801992000. and those larger portions of stock, larger portions have moved calories. and how have you seen the health landscape

changed with the increased consumption of fast fitted the most obvious one is that 70 percent of american done so now overweight or obese? so that's obviously these become them, it's the o, it's the average. the average person is overweight or obese and that's becoming increasingly true children. that would be a problem. this obesity didn't carry risks with this. and it raises the problem, the problem, the, the more overweight you are, the greater your risk for developing chronic diseases. so it's a, it's a probability estimate. it doesn't affect everybody, but it certainly raises risks. and if i were going to say what the main problem with the american diet is, people are reading too much. and so that obesity has become the norm. and i think you might be right. visually you get used to seeing people who are just bigger and

better. yeah, we're used to people the heavier so anybody's not looks ok. that's what i mean by normalization of obesity. and it carries heels risks. so to everybody who is overweight has problems, but it raises the probabilities. and can you speak to the specific health challenges such as cardiovascular issues and diabetes that are often linked to diets rich and fast food? well, the 1st one is the 1st one is type 2 diabetes always because that's very, very closely associated with all the way. and then type 2 diabetes and overweight are risk factors for heart disease? certain kinds of cancer, bad outcome from coven 19 and overall mortality. and are there noticeable trends and the types of health problems emerging due to the prevalence of process foods in our diet? well, the big one is tied to diabetes. you know, the heart disease has a heart disease as many other causes and weights of heart disease or down and

rates of many kinds of cancer. but the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing. and how can individuals make healthier choices when natalie be and landscape that's dominated by fast food options? well, i would say the 1st thing to understand is how they're being marketed to. and recognizing the extent of marketing and how difficult it is as an individual to fight an entire food system on your own. it's really hard to know if there's fast food everywhere. if that's the only food that's available is it's the cheapest. um, if you really love the way it tastes and it's designed to be something that you loved and that's what it's supposed to be about. and recognize that these foods are widely available, they're cheaper and there is to really delicious reason. it's all about marketing

because food companies are not social service agencies and they're not public health agencies, their businesses, their job is so more food, not less. if you eat less, you're finding an entire food system is a fast food industry, taking steps to offer healthier options. and how can the industry balance profit motives with a commitment to public health? well, they can't really, unless customers demand and healthier options and their customers are not making those kinds of domains. you know, why is it under pressure? they may try to remove some of the salt or some of the sugar or we'll make smaller portions. but basically they're going to do what sales. so it's, it's a combination and if people are, this is what people are asking for. it's, i think ask ingle, want to for them to do something in there that's against their financial interest

of their stockholders as well. i mean, it sounds like you're asking the consumer to have accountability. oh, that wouldn't be nice. i would be asking the food industry to kind of accountability of, you know, i got involved in this because i was going to lots of meetings on trial through the cities. and everybody at those meetings would say, how are we going to teach moms to feed their kids more helpful? that nobody was saying? how are we going to keep to companies for marketing done food. so our kids in every possible way so that our kids know what junk food is, even if we don't have it. and thank you so much, professor nestle, but please stick around. professor mary, nestle will stay with us right here after the break. and when we come back, we'll explore a crucial question. do consumers prioritize cheaper fast foods over price here, healthier options when it comes to the diets? stay tuned for more the,

to take a fresh look around as a life kaleidoscopic. isn't just a shifted reality distortion by how us to do vision with no real opinions fixtures designed to simplify. it will confuse who really wants a better wills, and is it just as it shows you fractured images, presented as fast? can you see through their illusion going underground again? oh, what i want sure. they just don't

have to shape house after kids and engagement because the trails when so many find themselves will support we choose to look so common ground the the every spring and summer, the melting optics move reveals abandoned machinery, millions of rusty barrels and the detritus left by human expansion into this most inaccessible of territories. yes, i used to move forward to a customer and both of us to put some new doors at the post to be done as an issue to us from clean optic travel to heist island home to the biggest opponent station on the front of joseph land. occupied a go yeah, he asked me for i was my bush or more you have to do should. so it means if you

have, when you feel when we see lots of money and i'm familiar with this, so i'm gonna stay on the old stuff list. and once you feel like you are a mess almost a little bit, see me membership when you to, i've got to read on serial. no points to mail it. please join me instead of the optic plan is main objective was to explore and comcast, these harsh lands they had no time to think about waste management now and, and then can see kids remain for centuries. that's my of my choice of so it's pretty at the question system is a smart upon your company to include up the deal to issue the in the us to update allows new food ingredients like g hmos,

growth hormone and chemical preserved is unless it is proven to be harmful, in contrast to european e, f. s a, requires editors to be proven safe before approval and has banned the use of growth hormones and several chemical additives. these differing philosophies lead to certain additives they allowed in the us, but band a in europe. and this includes the use of growth hormones, rac, they'll send me, which increases lean muscle in livestock, potassium roommate, color ages b, h a and b h t preservatives, a less stuff that substitute an more and even a most fast food is between the us and europe. it is not created equal. a startling difference was found when comparing a single slice of domino's pizza in the us with a slice of domino's pizza in the u. k. now dominos is a fast food pizza chain, so you really don't expect it to be healthy or very high quality. but

a slice of pizza in the us contains more than twice the additives as the british version and nearly double the calories. while the cheese on the u. k, slide has just a handful of and greens, things you would expect, like martha rella, milk, salt and starter culture. the us side has a whole long list of ingredients to include fillers, thickener is artificial, flavorings, and sodium. propane 8, the pizza del, like most american braz, also contain potassium bro, may, which is a band ingredient in europe, china, and india, due to concerns that it may be a carcinogen. potassium bro, made is used regularly in the us to strengthen dough and is present in more than 100 products. but most americans are likely unaware that they would be exposed to substances in their food that europe considers to be dangerous. many common foods that we see in the groceries, our band and other countries. things like ritz crackers, date or a week. bins, frosted flakes, skittles pop tarts, and those familiar with little dummies. pastry products,

these foods all contain dies like yellow, 5 yellow, 6 and red. 40 which has been indicated they could be harmful to health, especially in young children. so why does the us still allow these ingredients when it has been shown to cause harm as well because the food industry has a very powerful trade groups and lobbyists. they claim that the vibrant colors are important to their industry for them to create snacks, juices, yogurt, and desserts. and as a capitalist country, many decisions are made with profit in mind, not necessarily people, a, and a landmark decision last year, california became the 1st state to follow in the footsteps the, you and band, the usage, a red di 3, as well as several other chemical additives and food and beverage products. this guy is present in hundreds of candies and snacks, like ding dongs peeps and even pedia. sure. hopefully this will pressure the up the

a to make a final ruling in regards to some of these additives. so for this and more, let's bring in again, author marian, nestle, professor of nutrition, food studies, and public health that new york new university. marian, can you discuss the variation and food regulations between countries, particularly regarding preservatives and additive? well, the countries in europe have more strict regulations and we do of our approach in the united states is to allow additives until they cause trouble. and then we take them off the markets in europe. they, if they can't prove safety, they're not on the market to begin with. so we have a much more or less a fair attitude towards the editor. it was how much of a problem that is, i have no idea. now in countries with more regulated food industries, do you observe a greater awareness and understanding of the health implications of food choices? well, certainly money regularly. that's why they're doing. and what factors within the

food industry contribute to the widespread use of additive and preservatives? they sell, remember the sweet industry is about selling products. you can't get people to the gray. can. people like eating candy? that's very bright colors. so the food is she puts in very bright colors. yes, but for example, beaches can also color or can you read or another vegetable can be used to turn? it can be yellow. not as well as the bad because you know, you get a much more stable color if you're dealing with one of those organic compounds. that's associated with cancerous. and so the, and also the cheaper. so the food companies want to keep the cost of food as low as possible because that's how they sell it. and they're interested in selling as much food as possible, and they're not going to do anything that's against their self interest. so to what extent does consumer demand for convenience and longer shelf live,

try the inclusion of additive and preservative and food products? well, i don't think the consumers are fighting for longer shelf life. the consumers is certainly fighting for convenience because people were long hours and, and that's difficult. but, you know, the, the food industry is making products that people will want to buy. so there's an interaction there, but people buy foods because they're advertise too because they're marketing because they're available because they're cheaper and because their life so. so the food industry isn't going to do anything that's going to change that particular formulation because they're in the business of selling more food, not less. and that was never a problem until obesity became problem. when everybody ought to be easy. everybody ought to be eating less, but the food industry makes it very difficult either ongoing efforts within the industry to explore alternative methods of preserving food without rely on

traditional additives. um i have no idea, i'm sure there are. i mean, food is always been preserved and if your company make a a, you know a junk food, you want it to be a shelf stable as possible is here to throw everything in it that will do that. and most preservatives are fine. you know, i mean i, i just don't see, i don't see additives as being the biggest problem in the food supply. i see cowards. this being the largest problem. actually i went to the supermarket the other day and i saw that a bag of bread crumbs had silicone additive. so what do you think about a simple piece of bread having additives like that to probably do it probably did. it will keep the bread crumbs from the company. so it's pretty vanessa. now, i'm not aware that silicone is a big problem in the food supply. but if you want bread crumbs all you do is toast

bread and make bread crumbs. very easy. do they? they are being probably more pragmatic because you know, you can't control the food industry. yeah, i mean if you don't like those fluids, don't you don't, you don't want silicone, your bread crumbs don't. that's your choice reading to you or somebody who reads food labels in your reading list. don't buy that stuff. that's a really easy way to deal with this, but you're finding entire food system on your that's a big jump. but are there differences in the use of additive between local artisan, all products and large scale mass produced items? um local or digital products don't have access to those entities. you know, they're industrial additive. they're not going to be using nobody who's making ortiz it. okay. and is going to put big, you know, big organic dies. they're just not going to because they're advertising. the candy

is be healthier, and doing better may. so, i mean, once again, that's your choice about what you're going to be bar. and in terms of having a choice, our terminal candies, for example, and breads and organic food in general are also a lot more expensive move course the or that's policy. that's because federal policy rewards the very, very large rewards, big food, big agriculture, big every big soda, big every, big, fast food, big everything. that's where that because of the way the political system is set up . those are the industries that have the political power and the money. and so the government does policies that benefit them. the government doesn't do policies that benefit small producers. do you think that americans are mostly slaves to the

whole system? oh, absolutely, sure. the government and sold the corporations without question because of the way our electoral system works. and the ability of ralphie corporations to give as much money as they want to candidates for office until the electronic system changes. i don't see how we change that, but that's the 1st thing to work on. let's elect people to congress for interested in public health concept. we barely hear that sort of conversation that doesn't even come up on political debates at any level. i don't know when students ask me what they can do, that's the 1st thing i tell them, run for office. when we travel chain girls or anywhere, i feel good after eating versus people in the states are noticeably known to have digestive issues. why is that? have absolutely no idea, but sounds to be like you need to change or define yourself by more organic food

and cooking and eating at home. no, i do. but i, i certainly in favor of organics because of the production values, they use fewer pesticides. i think and better methods for growing for me and i think that's a good thing and you know, i'm very fortunate i can afford it overall. do you think things are getting better or worse in the food industry? well, i think it's very easy for people with money to leave this country. i don't know why you're having any problems helping with education money, can you just fine? that's not a problem. it's the people who don't have the money that you worry about because that of junctions are so much cheaper and then healthier food. so we want people to take real foods in cook them if they can. and that's become a privilege in our society. do you think people are becoming more educated and

their food purchases? yeah, depends on who you're talking about. some people are, some people aren't. and do you think things are going to get better when it comes to purchasing food? well, they are getting better, at least for certain, at least for people who can take advantage of their getting better. the food in supermarkets is much better now than it was 30 years ago. really, anybody with education in money can eat helpfully anywhere in america. because foods are widely available and the, you're always the people who aren't, you know, who don't know the difference and who don't have the money to do that. you worry about lisa, i do. thank you so much professor natalie for all your time today. so does a all these preservatives and artificial chemicals take a toll on the body? absolutely. the u. s. leads in obesity, heart disease, cancer and diabetes compared with the era. and while there are differences and

lifestyle and stress, food is a major part of this. a much larger fraction of the everyday food sold in europe in grocery stores is lacking and preserved ends, artificial flavorings and artificial colors in europe, the food has to be gotten from farm to consumer very quickly. so the supply chain has to be very efficient. there is a lot more slack in the us because much of the food can be stashed away in warehouses, 4 months before it reaches the shelves. this scale food, while it can taste and look appealing, is actually lacking in nutrients. so while it might cost more to eat fresh prepared foods compared to fast foods, the costs to your health and your life might very well be worth it. and i'm christy . i thanks for watching and we'll see you right back here. next time on the cost of everything. the

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