is do what i mean. there's a push out. the water is the life blood of our planet constantly flowing from one body to the next . from the moment it flows out our faucet, it journeys its way through the labyrinth of pipes undergoing all sorts of treatments before it is released back out for water is a precious resource. and too much of it is being wasted already from an adequate treatment facilities. i'm christy i in today we're going to be following the flow of water and where all the waste water goes to be treated, recycled. and we use the same as like a silly question, but where does the water go at the flush, the toilet or drain the sinks in your home? well, usually it flows to waste water treatment facility where it is treated to reduce or

remove pollutants. the traded waste water is then released into local waterways where it is used again for any number of purposes such as irrigating crops and sustaining aquatic life. but recently, california became the 2nd state behind colorado to allow waste water from showers and even toilets to be purified. into drinking water. many areas in the west already use treated waste water for outdoor irrigation or to replenish underwater aqua 1st, where water is further cleanse as of percolates through the soil. but the idea of sending treated waste water directly to homes has lost struggle to overcome the x factor in california. this toilet, to tap idea is still a big factor for many residents, including myself. but apparently now advances and water purification technology have made it so that recycled waste water can be brought up to drinking standards in a matter of hours and public back into the pipe says apply home schools and businesses

with drinking water to waste water management is more than just pipes and treatment plants, they're an integral part of our societal structure. years ago, when sewage was dumped into waterways, you had a natural purification process because the sheer volume of clean water in the streams dilute the waste bacteria and other small organisms in the water consume the sewage and other matter. but today, hire population in greater volume of domestic and industrial waste. water requires that communities give nature a helping hand. wastewater treatment basically speeds up the natural processes by which water is purified. there are 2 basic stages and the treatment of water. in the primary treatment phase, sewage flows through screen which moves large floating objects such as rags and non biodegradable ols that might clog up pipes. and then passes through a grit chamber where sand, small stones and grits settled to the bottom. the sewage then flows to a sedimentation tank were suspended by a solid. we'll sing to the bottom and will be used for fertilizer. it then goes

through a secondary treatment phase wherever moves about 85 percent of organic matter. the sewage is palm through a trickling filter, which is a simply a bed of stones about 6 feet deep through which sewage passes. bacteria gather, multiply on the stones until they can consume most of the organic matter. the clean or water trickles through the pipes for further treatment where the bacteria is then removed with flooring to. however, new pollution problems have now place additional burdens on waste water treatment systems. today we have polluting such as heavy metals, chemical compounds, and toxic substances that are more difficult to remove from water rising demand on the water supply. and we aggravates the problems as well to remove new pollutants. we require advanced waste treatment techniques such as carbon absorption, distillation and reverse osmosis that are way more expensive to build and operate. and now we're joined by doctor mullen, shaw, chief scientist,

wastewater research at enviro tech. what are the economic consequences of an adequate waste water management on communities and cities, economy consequences of the united correct list or for management on communities. and so he's going to be to be at one central florida. so it says let's to has his that's going to think has that cost and deducing what it costs, productivity that is not equal to $500.00. a water source has been damage. equity goes up and basically it's impacting source. it cannot be legal. it's what a lot of us look, look at, i'm 3 exams and property values. each of the 3 in which way the in the economy goes on. the vehicle brought bought a vehicle from management, but the significant finances are based on both of the economies and governments. can you share examples where in sufficient investment and waste water infrastructure led to significant economic losses or public health challenges inefficient? the investment in the basement insight system has been too numerous examples of significant economic losses and publics. headset in this one instance in the up in

countries like india and bangladesh. inadequate restorative methods, we thought that even widespread, what one digit is imposing substance silicates get costs and reducing what plus productivity? if it's like sprint, michigan, usa, red aging insights that sort of costly funds, i'm assuming the auto stuff like that, right. a boat that's good. i see. standing on the phone, i mean $3.02 dirty, decreased property values and increase has good expenses. so these examples underscore the typical lead flooded robots investment in the base. what interests are to see if that what public health had in the comic that would be and how kind of investments in sustainable waste water solutions contribute to both environmental and economic benefits. invest wendy and sustainable, the rest of the sort of some sort of deal with that if you don't. and what that does is that it was suddenly economy plus, but it's a implementing technologies like police to a recycling and be centralized treatment system with the new 6 butler should consult us. what the resources and we think it's the core logic of damage for

studying and why don't we build sustainability. now simultaneously, these investments could be a job opportunity between the green sector stream unit. you know, we saw an enhanced local interests look to lead to long term economic growth by private are using sustainability based. what are management committed is get a 2 uh hold on. one use balance between in one of those 2 axis and he cannot make, don't mention either a successful case studies where cities or industries have realized substantial economic returns through investments and waste water management. yeah, definitely. so those 2 piece any the streets, no demonstrate that significant economic it tends to investment in restore to management. for example, copenhagen, denmark transform is not about us from a body trying to work for me into a timing recreation of the equity duties and boosting property. we lose definitely investing edwin's resources when taking all of these seemingly industries such as priorities. in fact, style manufactured us how to use what within the website and operational costs,

by limiting efficient ways for 20 seconds to stay leading to improve profitability and such. timothy this case studies highlight the as well they show a lot of substantial economy pence when, but i would i be using smart investment investment management and what challenges are there to integrate sewage systems into urban planning? yeah. that a lot of stuff i just think is a big switch to streams into automotive planning. but it's so really telling this firstly, the existing in 1st set up. maybe i will make it or insufficient to echo or to greet popular some say no, but explain sense. but equating costs of yeah, but it's an excellent sense. secondly, coordinating between video stakeholders. think 40 minutes, what else? what are these engineers and, and what am intelligences can be complex and paintings doing that is slowly len groceries and conflicting interest making. busy the up to my place made up so we didn't 1st look to mississippi, you know, we do some research and community engagement to work on this that in this finally

and showing sustainable and reciting. so it's a stevens emmys to climate change impacts like a sea level rise, an extreme but events as another layer of complexity to have been trying to get thoughts. and now how do different countries approach waste water management? and are there lessons that can be learned from international practice to different countries, us waste management to be and if you'll start to just depending on the fact us like populace and then city economic results. and then when we talked about it is some of the sense, but i would i be centralized strickland. nonsense speak. thank you. that's. that's why they're those focus want to be centralized. the stream spot, me thought sort of sounds like i started with lens. international practice is sort of valuable lessons in terms of technology adoption policy for them. and they said and community engagement flooding sense countries like the lens, etc. and what we're using for our management. so okay, think of benefits. so you know, we do equities and call over to some between government industry and academia. so by starting and end up being successful practices from around the world,

then please get enhanced database to, to management. so if it is an address blow by the time it gets more effectively. thank you so much dr. mullen, but please stick around. the chief scientist, doctor mullin, shaw will be with us after the break. and when we come back, what does it cost to build a water treatment facility? we'll have more after the break, the

of the, in $1884.00, the german empire began its colonial invasion. internet may be from the very start . berlin encourage the white calling is to settle in south west africa and take away the best land from the local drive. the germans were actively draining natural resources and using the local population as a cheap labor source. this was causing major protest and led to a rebuild your in 19 o 4 here, arrow and nama drives rebuild against the german colonial rule. kaiser wilhelm the 2nd was fully determined and ordered to suppress the rebellion with the utmost severity against the inhabitants of nam may be germany through is 15000 well

equipped army all around the country. concentration camps were built in humane medical experiments over citizens were conducted within the period of 4 years. the german scaled up to 60000 people, among which there were 80 percent of the here railroad tried and 50 percent of the now i'm a dr. the events in south west africa are called the 1st genocide of the 20th century, and not without reason are compared to the holocaust just 2 decades later after the massacre in nam may be a hitler's a solid unit food on the same brown colonial uniform which puts the world into the chasm of the 2nd world war, the,

the, the while the by name ministration, many of its closest allies continue to shield israel with diplomatic cover. the international criminal court and the international court of justice. speak for much of the world. if there is to be justice, it must be applied to all the

water treatment centers are expensive and often cost about $12000000.00 for each 1000000 gallons per day of average flow. you expect to go through the plant in los angeles. they are currently building a $500000000.00 advance water purification facility to achieve its vision of fully when using is water supplies and supply up to $200000.00 customers in the san fernando valley. but the middle east has emerged as a global leader and water innovation, particularly in the fields of the solid ice ation water and wastewater treatment. and the d carbonized ation of the water sector. the middle east space is unique challenges when it comes to water scarcity, making it imperative for the region to develop groundbreaking solutions to sustain its growing population. the selling ice ation has become the cornerstone of the water supply in many middle eastern countries and has implemented cutting edge

technologies to purify and we use waste water reducing the strain on fresh water resources. advanced treatment processes include membrane field trace and biological treatment. and this infection techniques that have been used to ensure the safe and efficient and you use a water to. but meanwhile, in low income areas, inadequate waste water management can lead to health risks, environmental degrading deviation and economic losses. approximately 56 percent of the urban population in africa and 26 percent and central south east asia like access to private, titanic toilets, and under developed and developing countries, less than 8 percent of waste water is on treated. this entry is sewage and adequately treated waste water from industries continue to deplete water quality and developing countries. each person produces on average 6 leaders, a toilet waste water each day. that equates to nearly 14000000000 leaders of

untreated peakley, contaminated waste water created each day. so for reference, that's $5600.00 olympic sized swimming pools. this leads to high pathogen concentrations which could easily spread diseases. approximately 1.4 or 5000000 people die annually as a result of diarrhea alone. and at least 50 percent of these cases are caused by poor sanitation in south africa, rivers and bodies of water have been to polluted by sewage for use because waste water facilities are failing to properly treat sewage before releasing it back into the environment. chad, congo, somalia answered in to less than 5 percent of waste water. so for this and more, let's bring in again dr. mall in shot cheese. scientists of waste water research at enviro tech. to now dr. mullin, in your opinion, which country has demonstrated the most effective and sustainable models for waste water treatment added to fitness in the country as having the most effective and

sustainable work? while the photo based? what does that mean is challenging you to deny what is produced in context, your pick does in was probably about to put in place, like, for example, stand out for the you know, it, you and comprehensive historical management strategies. sync up what has implemented edwin's technologies as new watch a reachability phase based on what type of drinking water standards i didn't think of the approaches like the deep dynamic sewage system to optimize the thoughts efficiency and what that does to stay with the other countries with not the one to 2 minutes introduce what it meant. april then model the netherlands, and so we did. it's the north florida, minnesota, off the thing is technology stream doesn't glasses and public engagement strategies and other specific strategies or technologies that set these countries apart in terms of successful waste water management. yeah. then please know, and so successful in risk management likes and up or then my then a deadlines and through the envelope on being as an off, you know, as an instructor this and technologies, these things were advice treatment process. so this member and body of those,

and the was us most useful what the use coupled with, if it's in the centralized systems to minimize the cost of sending transport cost any slowly a stream don't regularly since and protected government policies incentivize compliance and data continues implementing visual, take my son, that's what a lot of public o m s. complaints and community engagement and introduce foster parents of what comes out of his son and, and what i want those to watch safe. and i'm seeing the auto system of the, of these countries resort. management practices and what we said. technological advancements have been particularly promising in the fields of purifying wastewater . you know that it's so many the septic much better by defense nowadays. the english sort of products like this on house on promising the results. any improvement, what for quality and resource availability management technologies? so this slide, what else will sees and then we'll be addressing by i don't know if he's the reason off. what if he shows the more of one time in slightly minimizing,

and as it comes up, some advice ups isn't a processing story. you'll be based on electrochemical tomatoes, effectively the good organic pollutants. and frankly, that's what are what emerging technologies like micro betsy old says. and electrical glistened. demonstrate what kind of ship force i'm looking at as we sort of treatment and, and this, and this, you know, a sense be able to be affordable, sustainable, and cost effective way approaches to restore, to be able to pick this up addressing, basing, and what i'm going to and public has done sense. so decided that he said to, i would say technology guidelines, maint nowadays. we thought of going on a risk management system. and now what unique challenges to developing countries space and investing and implementing effective waste water treatment solutions. since last 15 years, i'm observing that the people do not have much and all the adults will be sort of micro biology. so the sort of healthy it must help the knowledge of facebook or making a lot of the how to treat me as to what a way to treat and what i that could i think that i me,

those who sought out this problem. so these not as much to me with most of the and what am i going to give me a spies to make a lady in the us? my toilet is which i am seeing that they don't have right now. looking ahead. what chance do you foresee in the costs and investments associated with waste water management globally? yeah, i can see, but not so much because industry, at least not very keen, they don't have any interest to sort of these problems. they added as to the investor in their own money, how to on monday they don't have watching just how to sort out these political issue which was to be at the hal indefinitely to and now what are some of the key issues that are holding back your industry from advancement when i update some so different plans. i much help a basic and i don't know they don't like that's what kind of issue a disk. i mean, what are the categories sticks?

what are the pollutants pollutants visiting that we store to? and how do i pick the best way to buy which type of technologies might either physical, chemical or biological c. i believe that the bodies, the closest to is one of the best treatments as to into scientific what we are. you don't have a list much white agencies. okay. let me tell you, you must help so many funds and we don't funds you cannot read the reason why i don't think biological treatment or by digit good mental analogy, you can create easily without funding much universe makes. so what sort of, how a good and all adults microbiology deplete the is sort different implant? i am, seems, seems so many, yes, that the most of the people it's i believe very fantastic with us, but not f, like i would say, see, when i do any type of kind of research i, we do that. i sort of have some applied research which should be applicable to this

website. it seems that interest and research in this field is wrong way. but are there any obstacles? most of them such as the 90 percent, not $90.90 plus, but centrally says that such as a that's what we think be able to see and i have effect a job most attending so many conferences. i don't the was so i, i don't believe in this scenario. anybody knows, but the other does spot their own progress. that how do i progress myself? so is there a remedy to this issue? yeah, well not the actually i see i what do you need by meeting this week and i'm seeing since last 15 different deals in this really. so i don't need wrestling a lot of make money out to on the money the out of not much into the city and how to sort out the problems which we have facing and or, and, and they don't have a visa and they to, if we do not sort out this problem at present, then this will be how well for the future division,

they are just the easiest thing that employees and they have just been interested in an hour or 2 on money. how do i have the money board? i don't have any uh, it's a uh, i'm looking to study in this book problems all reason is in the a lean country, specifically in dire need of waste water management. india look how much of a means to research within the pretty may to solve this. we sort of, of my thought of the i am seeing that the, the land and markets with then the out of having good research the for the sector. so india sure to fail. and i am planning to manage these sector, which we have a good research team. and what is the key point that you'd like to convey that with advanced wastewater research? this is the field when you really have some interest and you will sort out the

problem. so we 3, come in the future. this wouldn't be any predict toyota, to the, to the sense being the scientist. i must be that. what a lot of research i do must be applicable to the society. i don't believe in fate don't. i don't believe in the public, it's something i bet douglas, if i publish might be putting point 001 if the effect of what it must fail. so i'm gonna click essentially doubles id be broken, use my data for data and such. so this is what i believe personally you are doing research by taking funds from the government and this funds out of from local public that you should build these thoughts. ok, so you, so you're going to research your sort of help. some kind of research leads to really be applicable to society because you are using money. so i'm the society from the people. thank you so much, dr. mullen. shaw for all your time today. when plumbing and waste water is flowing

and being treated, everything is fine and dandy. but when waste water facilities fail, that's when society as a whole collapses. now that may be a bit of an overstatement, but it does result in catastrophic failure. in july of 2021, the hyperion water reclamation plants in california failed, which resulted in millions of gallons of raw sewage flooding the surroundings and being dumped directly into the pacific ocean. in the following weeks, citizens and surrounding cities have begun complaining of the lingering stench and health concerns caused by the older and potential exposure to the raw sewage and the water. piney point in florida also experience something similar why the plant done more than 200000000 gallons of sewage and to tampa bay after a leak in 2021. hundreds of millions of gallons of waste water remain at piney point and has still not been cleaned up. so with all the ag facilities across the us, wastewater infrastructure is

a crisis that no one wants to talk about. i'm christy. i, thanks for watching and we'll see you right back here next time on the cost of everything. the defense world war 2, united states has fostered extremist and t russian prejudices and hatreds among the ukrainian d. as for in at least in canada, united states and countries in eastern europe, probably everywhere. and it doesn't matter what these groups say or do they will support them. if it is, the groups are causing hatred and chaos within the target country.

joe again might done choose the country, joe, or as well as low squares on some of the surface leaves the potatoes usually just $50.00. let me see i see a use is anyone at any time if there's a religion the the

money to do that you attempted to fix it a month. i thought she sat there for the show and then it will be a job to bluff and it goes in and out of it is uh, international stuff is defensive to separate the setup button and not to print. and then i thought someone did you lose it after that? if i said the media, i love to focus on the 2 reasons. can you say with the city the new country can be show us the deals for the work you don? stimulus the interested in, is it what's money before us of the left? so should william farmer shots, monuments,

so we have court car started over what decision did my name and what was that man? what was that ridiculous funds? i put in the best one today and but you never, it, is that something that i mean shows those are pretty sharp generals on page. beautiful. she's getting those on the best. do what i mean. there's a, there's a problem, pressure the, the, [000:00:00;00] the hello and welcome to cross software. all things are considered on peter lavelle while the vitamin ministration. many of its close as allies continue to shield israel with diplomatic cover, the international criminal court and the international court of justice speak for

much of the world. if there is to be justice, it must be applied to all the processing palestine. i'm joined by my guess, lionel in new york. he's a legal and media analyst in town. we have well, how much mirandi is a professor at the university of threats and sorry of what we crossed to solve takahashi, he is a former deputy head of office of the un human rights agency in occupied pablo sign . alright gentlemen, cross side girls and effect, that means you can jump any time you want. and i always appreciated mohammed, let me go to you 1st here. i mean, this is not the 1st time that we have talked about the i c c. and usually on this program is in the midst of a terms, i don't have much liking for the i c c. because if it's to put city is how it's politicized. and then it does something like this and ask for indictments against

the 2 leading is really officials. of course they had to balance it out with having 3 a mazda officials. for me. it's a very mixed bag. i have mixed feelings about it. they, they the very fact the justices people want to start approaching this in a more balanced way. applying the law to everyone, i suppose is a plus, but because it comes from the i, c, c. i just really don't know what to think about it. what do you think? i agree, i don't think di c has so much credibility of any credibility at all. and no, do any of the international institutions that were created since the 2nd world war . they're all dominated by the west. more or less, some or worse summer if it's better. but this particular institution is very much under the influence of the united states and it's had as i'm very much under the implants, will be $96.00. but it does show something on it just like the 3 european countries that are recognized pa, this time it doesn't change anything,