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in a modern type medic world of smartphones and the tech upgrades are chairs, no crafts and hand painted traditions of yesteryear seemed to be fading away for take a step outside of the bustling metropolis of moscow. and you'll find that the traditional russian, the folk arts culture is still going strong. the we start getting so i'm not just about a 100 kilometers outside of moscow, where they are known for making a delicious treat called apple castillo, believe it or not, the recipe. and technology for making it had been lost and forgotten, but the town rallied and revived their pest dealer heritage, the

2 plus dealer. you could describe it as a marshmallow, you could describe it as a supply. but it's not any of those things really. what exactly is a steel? yeah, there were a lot of apples in the fall and the fruit was processed turned into an apple puree . and then the purity was spread on paper and dried mol. this is essentially medieval canon and that's how the crops were preserved because they were no jars, no special lives, no modern technology in the middle ages. they did what they could, they could try it out on a rag on

a closet. they could put it on glass or on the roof. uh, any way they could get the juice out of the mash apples. so why columbus specifically, why here is it important to revive the sorry, how long ago was engaged in cultivating, producing, beautiful and delicious varieties of apples? how can you tell if an apple is good or not? well, you have to wait for the harvest, which is why the orchards were enormous. during the 1st season, there were a lot of crops, columbia was teeming with apples. the people quickly realized that in a couple of months there would be no fruit left to see what needed to be processed and preserved for photo. so colona was renowned for its orchards. consequently, yielding an enormous amount of fruit and russians usually tend to use every thing without any weight stupid. that's why this became a tradition precisely in columbia, but not in the neighboring old towns. there was no bus to law there because there weren't any orchards. now my understanding of the technology to make us deal of the

way you do was pretty much lost and you had to revive that technology. find out how it was done, talk to me about that process. how did you do it? you know, it all started out of curiosity, like searching for treasure. well, the technology had been lost. that's cool. what we're engaged in is an intangible heritage. the sense the taste, the wave, speaking of the culture of everyday life. and she's like, these leading technologies are undeniably part of our heritage as well. so we embarked on a mission to reclaim this technology with the moon, but it was difficult and the links the process of well, it didn't come easily at all of the pure a bond 1st. that big globs onto the ceiling scorched our hands until we discovered in our national library. there were special kessler boilers, basically. essentially, they created this kind of thermos with the double bottom where water was port in and in these devices, fury was cooked down to

a single consistency before being spread out. but when you should, columbia know when to step further than other cities and russia that produce but still on, you know, someone came up with the idea of adding wood, big white to the apple pure. and the mixture transformed into apple sponge k. i think we like it was white fluffy sauce in europe. there was no equivalent product to do. we all know about trunk. let's origins and countries like switzerland, belgium, france, and so on. however, europe has never made these airy width was july's and still don't to this day. and that's why we confidently ambitious lisa is the colona bus to lie ary woods bus july is 100 percent, are national product more than the technology that has to be a personal buyer for the culture of the people to have the skills to do this. that we're traditionally passed down from generation to generation. how do you revive the culture and the buying to making castilla as well strategy to it?

the will. traditionally, it was like this, a master and his apprentice in a child at a conscious age 5678 years old. would stand by the master and absorb is this through their skin, through their eyes. usually what the older was doing with the child was an apprentice and over time they turned into a master. there was no need to formally teach them. they were learning through observation. the culture of production became ingrained in their consciousness. now it's pretty much the same. there are no textbooks on making columbia posts deluxe, so people come to the production factory observed, and that's how they learn. nothing has changed its as old as time. and so currently we had about 30 confectioners working with us. and we hope that this knowledge, these technologies will never disappear again for another 90 years as it happened in columbia. and this is technically a suite of a construction if you will,

but you don't call yourselves confectioners. what do you call yourself? exactly? i think we're museum curators, cultural experts that you won't be let me explain why, because we don't create just any suites. we're only interested in what history has since it is what is connected to the dna of russia, to the dna of columbia and cook a way to such a cultural code. it's something that is forgotten and lost to us and undeservedly. so the, so natasha here inside the museum. it's quite unique, but it's a little bit unusual because you don't have exhibits per se. i would call it more of a living museum. tell me what do you have here? she just,

our medium is taste. we use flavors that now the story is columbia nice to convey the spirit of this place and to share our russian history. so our main exhibit is the collection of historical flavors that we've brought back to light fellows. we've revived old techniques and we're preserving them as a kind of intangible heritage capitalized by the hands of our bakers who maintain skills that have the otherwise been forgotten the okay, so i have to ask with everything that is offered today with preservatives, and we have no q a, twix, and all sorts of different things out there to offer. what makes us dealer and so special. you know, sometimes people even ask us, what do you put in there that makes it so addictive which i think the secret is very simple. we overload our taste receptors with flavor enhancers, additives we've become accustom to the products offered to us by super mortgage. when plus 2, i'll return to cologne, not 10, even 15 years ago. it was

a surprise for everyone models. it's natural was low sugar. what attracts women is the absence of flour, fat, and sugar and high concentrations. it seems to me coming here to go on um with the apples and the some of our and just the settings. it kind of takes you back in time to a different time. is this kind of your aim, your goal? we look at the architecture around here. this part of the city seems to be stuck in the 19th century, some provincial town that hasn't quite made it even to the 20th century. there's history and every cobblestone in every house, even people are not allowed to do whatever they want with their houses here. so even if it's their private property, thanks to this, we have this very russian, very old city to thank you very much. uh, by the way, what i have here in my head is also quite special. let's head to another place and find out more the one of the most

recognized designs in russia. the white and blue porcelain of gives you the some even call it the embodiment of the russian artist experience. so how does a simple piece of clay take the form of something so beautiful and delicate the service? hi, nice to meet you. thanks for letting us come in, speak to about this beautiful place. i guess i want to start by asking portland is treasured throughout the world. we have china with their main. we have even delta blue and holland. what makes your pottery here so special when you kind of really 0 is a truly unique tradition. it's blue and white style initially imitated dutch file,

and so we, which was imported into russia during peace of the great terrain created by dealings to develop a domestic equivalent to that fashionable dodge country. however, once the cost of living was introduced from the styles and techniques evolved significantly to cool, the painting here has its own style, its own images of russian artisans paint each flower and every element within it. with single brushstrokes, we were in a provincial city in the most good wage, and this is essentially a real, real focus traditional we, the local people have their own perception of beauty, which is linked to the development of this distinctly unique painting style. and now it is said that you here in russia, i have created your own recipe for the porcelain itself. is that true? and if so, do you still use that recipe? today? russia did develop its own impulse cylinder, but it's nothing imported recipe. and what's funny, i can empress elizabeth said, don't make suppose to, into a stand. we don't want people to think with skin thing on materials. both of them was very expensive at the time, but the russia had ample resources. so it didn't really hurt to make it

a little sticker for 4 or else also, and typically features a decorative on a mental style with floor of bathrooms. so normally the color scheme we mostly use today is the one that was adopted. 60 or 70 years ago. rely with the dominant color pair of white and blue one you said we use all the colors as well. he didn't feel as senior citizens of it's a poor. it's the formula for these paints is all factory secret homes and we develop themselves. we find the porcelain at a temperature of $1350.00 degrees c, and these colors don't the, an out or if a v, these paints alpharetta there in case to beneath a layer of blaze. so they stay vibrant and resistance and mechanical damage. and i know it's that's what makes possible and so unique items. so expensive. just judging by from what i see here, i'm really anxious to see what else is in store. do you mind joining us around the yes, i think let's go a sir

. do you know english, we have a phrase, i feel like a pool in a china shop with all of this porcelain surrounding me. that's kind of what i feel like right now. but porcelain is very delicate. there's a lot of nuances to working with it. um, so what do you do to make sure that all of this stuff doesn't break what you wanna be? it's very important that the person costing a porcelain piece, feels the material and feels how dry or with it is. let's quit going. so it's also important to be good with your hands and 80 percent of our work is manual. so your handiwork is everything that's costing is one of the operations that requires real skills flowing through what we use plus the modes just like anywhere else in the welcome. all the technology used in this process is the same as you'd see anywhere . and you're not going to cut this blue like this.

and you're just using your hands to just make sure it's all done properly. a like a is, do you live a lot of nice new little them while the item is where you can do anything you want with it was you can put the race it to make a nice rim or apply any other style. but you must be careful not to let it dry out . once it's dry, you can't do anything with it. he doesn't need to, and you can use as the like. any craftsman who works with clay is a bit of a sculptor. you have to use your hands constantly to get the right geometry. most of you cut off excess material that will be plaster on handles full spouts. if you're working on a tea party, i mean through, you can also decorate elements with whole figures for pre k as a t populated with a bat. you're going to cost the bed separately and then put it on the lid like this with cruise car, because then you have a bad themes, t bought it all states in the critical chain rule most or not. technical operations are done by hand, including painting or you'll always be stored in the fire, the claims,

the colors. it's all sort of like magic. let's take a look at one of the most intriguing steps, the work of the artist, the thank you for taking the time to look inside your workshops. really fascinating. i guess asking you work in color and we are used to seeing the gazelle designs only in white and blue, but originally they were all in color. can you tell us a little bit about the history there that that's right, the gel tradition began with male. it can stay on paint and in a variety of colors. working in color is more difficult because each color needs a special approach. each has a new one system must be taken into account during the process. i know with the cold bug paints it burns off to give it that it goes from black to blue. do the paints in the color version, burn off as well. what's the secret was the,

the painting here. the color stays almost the same. that becomes much more vivid right now, so you can see it's almost like a water color of the flier in the water color effect is gone. the color becomes dense. so, so after this has fired and there's the final glazing. does this mean that your painting the work that you do here will last forever? the yes, once the item was glaze, the image space stuff rather as if encased in gloss, you get to each of them. so it has to be satisfying. as an artist, the wild traditions here are well kept. visual is also getting a modern twist, which is a help of a designer set gate. cecilia, turning it from your grandma's china, to designer ceramics. what exactly inspires you about the show and the gives you all design exam to show is an ancient russian cross that i felt needed to be

revitalized and we explored the so i studied is traditionally deeply and infused them with new life, solomon noble cross. what about the designs themselves? what was your idea behind these designs? like trying to look at traditional things in a new way. for example, i told the classic, a gasket rose baton that's traditionally painted by olga jail onto support made it launcher and turned it into the center base of the design more. i found it surprising the traditional detail painting for me. you could never included any representation of wheat heads in his designs. yeah. but so i added that the good. and they also added some elements of traditional design patterns were used elsewhere, like on traditional russian summer and winter governments sort of funding supplies . there seems to be a contradiction or maybe a balance actually between old and new. can modern designs actually helped preserve the old true traditions? yeah. unless they have the capacity to transform and adapt. anything to traditions

died when new generation simple and they have a need to see something they can relate to introduce tional things. now are you going to stick with a joe, or do you have any ideas about future projects going back to pass and traditional designs working with the issue with my fast folk arts and crafts collaboration projects. and after that i worked with there's just of autism who produced the most beautiful trays decorated with floral designs, with what i gave them more than 2 is to 3. the just of a is a town which has been creating. i kind of trace a well known motif of bright flowers on dark varnished iron sheets has become their trademark. it has been around for about 2 centuries and stage, just as it was in the late 18 hundreds. hi. hello. thank you for taking the time to a happy to welcome you talk us through this history. um, so these plates,

they have made their way into the collections of the hermitage and they've become famous and they are very beautiful. but how does it go from just being a work of our, to a master piece of russian culture, even the specials to a painting technique rates, this unique image. and that's what made the shortest of a trace of famous an artist the painter themselves. because each tre easy and recreation by an individual artist, no 2 pieces are the same. in essence, when the artist is gone, that particular special design is gone and only leaves in the business he or she left behind, or no one else can reproduce the exact same design every art as this something unique. and this also adds to the trays value for list. now i know it's not just about the artists, it's also about the metal smith's. and many people go into the creation of one trinity. so how many hands does a products go through until you actually have the finished product that works well

. let's see if we're talking about metal trays. then the product starts with a smith, but then warner sure replies the black clare and your 1st they clean and degrees the tray and then to fly. black animal pains or should cut the tree, has to be a different color. they apply a layer of colored animal paint on top of that. that's 2 people right before that then the tree gets its floral design. that's where the artist comes in. when that is done in different artist ads, the gold and borderline pattern using a very small brush and gold pace we looked at. and finally the tray is varnished again. so that's at least 5 people, but sometimes even more people work on one piece now. so it really is all about teamwork. i understand that this specific type of art is not easy to replicate. what makes this type of painting style so unique? there was an outstanding artist which is lovely golf. i always said, do not try to compete with nature. you can never win this competition nature,

those things that no artist can do. we think that's why we don't try to replicate nature, but we observe it and interpret the screenshots turning natural elements into decorations. what we do is into court of interpretation of nature. every tiny detail of it. so this is a pretty impressive piece suggested in terms of a size and scope. so i guess i have to ask if you have a name or if you've created a name in any sphere, that means there's going to be people trying to imitate what you do. do you have impostors who are trying to bank on your name and how do we know that if for purchasing something we're getting an original from here? no, no specialists are just confirming their skills and technique older life. after you visited our production site and the museum, you'll have no problem identifying the authentic shots. but what pieces the

there are only a couple of dozen artist who have mastered this arch. every trays unique, painted by hand. the thank you for letting us come in and take a look at when you do a close because i've been watching your paint and it is just mesmerizing. so i've been told that to paint in the result of a style. you have to live on the soil. what do you think about that gun? yes, of course. it helps a lot of the atmosphere in this place. everything around us is very inspiring and being here as part of the team of artist is like having a family or i know that the result of a brush stroke is its own unique thing. but also the brushes themselves are different from others. can you talk to me about why we use squirrel hair brushes that are made by master brush makers and the town of cuter, they have a factory that makes them because they have unique properties because squirrel hair has to be collected during a particular season,

either in the summer or winter outside of those seasons, the hair loose as a search and quality. but also you can see that it's a flat brush that's very thin. if i look from the side, that's what allows us to make these famous shots, the brush strokes. so what about the designs themselves? uh, is there a standard uniform design that you have to follow or do you as an artist get to create what you like most and yet we don't have any kind of a mandatory pattern. every artist is free to paint wherever they like. for i choose the designs for my traits because of my fellow artist will choose whatever designs they would like to paint. that's what makes them all unique. we don't have any standardized patterns or designs trouble. the only thing we have in common is the just the style of painting just that's what all of us have to stick to it. well, the style is about where and how we arrange the elements on the tray. and the combination of colors is also important. seeing every tree must feature all of the

colors, including yellow, blue, white, and pink, to have this best of luck. nobody on the so it takes each artist a lot of imagination to come up with unique designs. within the frame mark of this distinct style. the the,

[000:00:00;00] the 1918, the countries of the west won the final victory over the ottoman empire. the sultan's government capitulated to the inside and sign that humiliating harnesses of low growth. great britain and france and a delay wanted not only to destroy the ottoman empire, but also to divide the prime orderly turkish lands among themselves. in 1919, their armies began to land on turkish territory. but the west decided to choose greeks as the main striking force. seeking to make others realize this aggressive glance. for an intervention, provo, mass,

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a better rules jump to light on the atrocity. and on so numerous questions that have remained an onset for many years. watch on oxy, the. the? hi everybody, i'm rick sanchez. this is direct impact. and this is what we're going to be talking about. the. so here's the question. what are they fighting about in taiwan this time? well, let's just say it's about china, and it's important, really important. i'm rick sanchez. this direct impact that's due at the so we're hearing all the time. i'm sure you've heard this yourself trying to has no