yes, maybe you can go yourself? no , no, no, no, no, i’m at home, be careful while driving, of course, kseni, and you be careful, yes, yeah, don’t fly off the mountain, let yourself go, you too, and call if anything happens, well, of course, i’ll call you, that’s it, bye, bye, and let me once again... thank our guest today, take care of yourself and your loved ones, and think about good things, i could go get the car myself, i don’t even understand why you’re so excited to go to moscow today to go, i’m trying for you, if you don’t want to, we don’t have to go anywhere at all, what else, i pulled it out come take me from home, it’s strange. dad,

you’re great, you’re just like me, only you’re the coolest. don’t get involved just yet, you’ll learn how to make a snake well, then we’ll talk, i came to work, where else, i love you too, i kiss you, and you tell him that you’re colorblind, so i don’t really care what color he has, let him know pogonak, that’s exactly what you say, forgive me, for god ’s sake, wait, i’ll call you back now, “well, as

they say, the law of meanness is in action, but nothing seems to work, no, no, no, no, what are you, it’s my fault, i got a new phone hello, natalya , hello, hello, well, i see you’ve already met, well, anna mikhailovna and i already managed to break the phone, no, i’ll introduce myself, i immediately recognized you from a photo from your personal file , would you allow it? introduce yourself, mayevsky, viktor sergeevich, from today on, my deputy, i ask you to love and favor me, of course, i mean it’s very nice, just a second, no, no, you will answer, suddenly there’s something important, can you, yes, yes, boris, i hear you, what do you have, okay, i ’ll be right there, address, dictate in advance,

multiple traces of a son and a girl of a son like hers, hopes, nadya, the traces of the deceased himself have been trampled heavily, i don’t understand anything , i can’t wrap my head around why he did this, this is what we have to figure out, well, of course, with your help, i’m ready , everything that is required of me, i will say, tell me, has your father had any problems lately, maybe family or financial? no, nothing like that, you understand, he was a clairvoyant, a real one, not some kind of charlatan, okay, we’ll definitely talk to you later, good day, hello, mihal, this is a surprise , what are you doing here, you still have a week of rest, well, no, i can’t stand it for another week, i didn’t rest for the rest , how do you feel, that’s how they say there,

how much do they give for one kill, in short, if they offer less than three, don’t agree , you’re talking, i’m glad to see you, mutually, what do we have here, it’s really erafiren, you know it, well, i saw it yesterday on tv, i thought, okay if only he could come to our department with such and such abilities, oh my god, but they trampled something here to the elephants, borisych, hello, judging by the body temperature, death occurred around 3 o'clock in the morning, well, plus or minus half an hour, that's what... he had in his pocket, is death much better than a meaningless existence? that’s it, well, it was difficult to write a couple more lines and explain why he thinks so, what’s what, who’s to blame? well, yes, names, surnames, addresses, appearances, but what? no, no, i, i'm all for it. so, the bottom line is that we

have a body, there is a note, there are no traces of violence, as i understand it, well, not yet. well , that means a preliminary version of suicide, and anna mikhailovna, look, now valer, here, go around the edge, this one didn’t have time to trample, yeah, slightly trampled, as if someone was squatting. maybe the phyllin himself wasn’t sitting? no, it ’s unlikely, he has warm low shoes, and these look like sneakers, sneakers, that’s right, and a larger size, whose? it means someone else was sitting, fox from staborn cс, what? it's

in english. you are stubborn, what a man, lenochka, you could have noticed earlier, borisovich, relax, i’m talking about the new one. and this one is like his may lieutenant colonel borisovich, may is a beetle, and he is may, viktor sergeevich, oh, who’s eye

got oily, but the use became more frequent, he was immediately hooked at first sight, ah, my years are not the same, so that at first sight, well, he was hooked. i won’t lie, he started drinking, they say he committed a big fine, so they sent him to us, and i would forgive such a man for anything, elena evgenevna, i don’t recognize you, gentlemen, experts, morozova calls everyone to the carpet, to there are no traces of the rope, an ordinary clothesline, not new, by the way, there are fibers from the rope on the palms of the corpse - no, what strange, on the trousers and jacket, i found some microparticles, it looks like fertilizer , it doesn’t seem to be the season for working in the country, maybe greenhouses, well, i’ll say something definite when

i finish the research, thank you, elena evgenevna, what do you have , for now i can say that there are no external injuries , the corpse has only one strangulation groove, and the rest , when the autopsy report comes, please excuse me, yes, i’m listening to you, and did you know that this sorcerer predicted his death live, no, this is the first time i’ve heard it, but what exactly did he say? i have no idea, they’ll bring me a video recording now, come in if you want, we’ll watch it together, okay, i’ll be right there, yeah, well, thank you everyone, work. oh, i broke my phone, it’s a pity, i joined recently, oh, it’s a pity , that’s not the right word, but such a story happened to him, i ’ll tell you later, i’m waiting, get on, get off,

where is the tone, where is that... what the language decided learn? yes, while i was in the hospital, i had to occupy my brain with something, yeah, well , in general, i’m trying, just not to laugh too much, and by the way, look, even if you take this get eround, look how interesting it is, with on the one hand it is translated as becoming famous, successful, on the other hand, to circumvent the law , these seem to be completely different meanings, but if you think about it, they are not so different, you

know a lot of famous people who would be clean before the law, somehow you didn’t think about it, too, okay, sit back, i’ll show you... what did they bring me? you often talk about the predetermination of fate, but do you know your own fate? of course, significant, possibly fatal events will soon occur in my destiny. when is it soon? well, within one or two days. very interesting, what is this for an event? i don’t want to talk about this now, we have a more important concern, answering the questions of our viewers. what do you say? i don’t know, but it looks like he

really had a presentiment of something, or knew something, for example, his fatal diagnosis, he decided not to delay, took the rope, wait, look at this, and that they were filming in front of me, you don’t know anything embarrassing, hat. what's the hat? well, a convulsion is typical when hanging, and his hat didn’t even fly off his head. you think? no, no, no, no conclusions yet. here, take another look at this. fresh tracks? yes, the grozh has a fillet. only it’s not from his car. the tread patterns are different. oops. well, finally, a note. what's wrong with her? well, apparently, the piece of paper was torn out of a notebook somewhere in the garage. or was there a written book in vilin's pockets? and where is she, here’s mom, have a drink,

get some sleep, i’ll be there soon, sorry, mom has blood pressure. maybe we can talk in the kitchen , do you want some tea, no, thank you, and not for long, tell me, your father went to the dacha in recent days, as far as i remember, no, and it’s not so easy to get to the dacha if someone orders a bulldozer , then there is a road, if not, then wait until spring, until everything melts by itself, but by chance he didn’t buy fertilizer, well, maybe not for the dacha? for some flowers? no, i don’t remember, okay, but do you think

your father had serious reasons for committing suicide? it’s hard to say, my father was not a cheerful person, rather he was a fatalist, if this is understandable to you, quite understandable, well, there were problems, who doesn’t have them, what kind of problems? example with clients, not often visited, in the case when his predictions were, well, let’s say, not exactly exactly what you mean, one of the clients even attacked me, last saturday, when i went to the garage to get my car, he attacked me, threw me to the ground and even hit me several times, who was it, you you know, i don’t remember exactly the last name, or...

a gift, i don’t have one, but we are similar in character, also a fatalist, yeah, your father must have a notebook somewhere, about this size, there must be where to always bring it, if it’s not difficult, otherwise...

here with the letters m, here igor borisovich marin, masichuk, oksana grigorievna and mikheev, lanitsa. surname, yeah, we are continuing our bestseller by your numerous requests, new culinary little tricks, lazy sushi, and it saved a huge amount, a quick breakfast that adults and children will like, i can’t even believe that you can do everything so quickly, you can, naturally , delicious, smoke comes out,

no, no, fake, not all life hacks work, but those that have been tested by us, friends, work. malakhov on rtr tomorrow.

i'm 40 years old and i'm a lonely loser, nadyusha, we decided to rent out your room, and i'm alexey, your new jelly. “mom , how many children do you want, and this has something to do with utilities, good rooms, decent women, if you want to get to know me better, please, don’t give up so easily, admit that you just don’t like him, or vice versa,

i like him now there’s no time for novels, i won’t be able to respond to your sympathy, but no, i have..." you have no sympathy, lyosha, who is this? this is alexey's legal wife, a decent family will rent out a room on friday at rtr. every time i cry, it’s very hard to remember, i went into my house, sat down in a passerby on the floor said: i'll stay here.

i see the work is in full swing, and i’ll give you some more, well, thank you, andrei petrovich, yes, who would doubt your kindness, let’s see what

’s interesting here, “i did something for so long, it turned out to be nonsense, and the gloomy man was , however, it’s full of such quotes, look further at the very end, borisovich, give me the suicide note, it looks like it.” so, while irochka is on sick leave, borisovich, you will have to take care of your notebook, check the consistency of the handwriting, and, well, in general, you might find something interesting. elena evgenievna, if i’m not mistaken, you have an excellent memory, comrade lieutenant colonel

, i’m not complaining yet, let me ask where you’re getting it from, from the morgue, and what on foot , well, walk to the stop, and then take the trolley, well, how long does it take you? this path, 40 minutes, is at least. and i say 40 minutes - that ’s at least, and sometimes it takes an hour, or even an hour and a half , to get there, and he shook his head like that, it’s a mess, he says, this is how much working time you’re wasting in vain, maybe we should now they’ll give you a car, and mikhalovna, oh, len, what are you talking about, two, two cars, both executive class, one... you’ll drive to the mall yourself, the second will carry your lip roller, now you can’t even dream,

but here you go these are the results of the autopsy, elena, in words, please , serious internal injuries were found on phillin , oh, how seriously, was he beaten, and professionally, with a rubber truncheon or something like that? they beat them to death and hanged them, they beat them and beat them to death and hanged them, it doesn’t work, why? but because my works you need to read it, now in words. in the area of ​​the strangulation furrow there is active hypermia of the skin and numerous hemorrhages located in the lower edge of the groove. the boundaries of hemorrhages are blurred and retrocytes penetrate far into the interior.

owners, is there any there? citizen mikheev, police!

but alive, well, the exhaust from you can be heard for a kilometer, for what reason is the binge, the plague is needed from me, and really, why pull the cat? tail, let's get straight to the point, erofey filin, you finished off, why, just like that, let's go without it, i don't know anything, i haven't seen anything, i'm not involved, i

question, you are the answer, and they fled, well, i didn’t kill anyone, although this swatch should have been, this is for what, otherwise you yourself don’t know, for my son , he killed my son. holy shit, my boy, valerka, 6 years old, fell into a sewer. phillin said that the guy was definitely alive; the bastard himself indicated a place at the other end of the city. they've been looking for a guy for a week, a week. he just. dead, frozen, what else can i do? your wife left, your son is gone, and you decided to take revenge, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.

so, i didn’t kill anyone, my son why did he attack filin, take the keys to the house and the garage, yes, and then he came to the garage to get even with his father, that’s not right, but i was in the garage, waiting for this bastard, he didn’t come, i was cold, i went for another bottle, then i think it’s such a sin to take the shower away , you won’t get valerka back anyway, i went to svetka, what kind of svetka, i’ll sleep, i started so well , i brought everything to the woman, yes, let me tell you how it all happened, you went to the garage with a rubber truncheon, cut off the white rope on the way, waited for the owl, beat him, beat him hard, but carefully so as not to leave marks, and then hung it up, did you think there were suckers sitting here? whether

? thought that we would believe that the phyllin committed suicide? i was in the garage, but i didn’t kill anyone, oh, that’s not what you’re saying, it smells bad to you, sit in the cell and think about it. look, my daughter sent me, lord, she’s already broken the screen somewhere, please, listen , she’s just beautiful, oh, how beautiful this beauty would have been more clever, there wouldn’t have been a price, why didn’t you go with them and take them? i wish i could take time off and go down the hill, well, firstly, who will give me these days off, and secondly, i’m off the hill

i can only do one. way to go down head over heels, well, and you’re on a sled, it’s funny, yes , borisovich, listen to you, yeah, that’s it, yes , yes, i understood, thank you, well, borisovich claims that mikheyv really was in the town, they were found there traces of his sneakers, but there was no contact between him and filin. why did he decide that? because there are traces of netrofoski on filin’s clothes, and no traces were found on mikheev’s clothes, as well as in his house. so, fertilizer particles could get on owl’s clothes after mikheev beat him. well, that’s right, look, mikheev beats filin and leaves. filin’s conscience awakens, because in fact, the guy mikheevsky died because of him. he takes

a rope and knits a noose. nitrophoska, that nitrofoska, well, while he was looking for a rope, he could have gotten dirty on some bag of fertilizers, for example, and a notebook, that a notebook, well, he had to go home, find a notebook, tear out a piece of paper, write a note, and you i know morozova, and what kind of one there is, you can see for yourself that the version with mikheev is like a short blanket, you can cover your legs, your head is cold, your head is covered, your feet are freezing , well, from... i don’t have another version, and neither do you, and you know that it doesn’t give me peace that the tire tracks in the photo near the owl’s garage, remember, judging by the tread pattern , these are domestically produced tires, the kind they usually install on gazelles, would you send an operator to the garages to check what’s what? elena

evgenievna, good evening, hello, could you help me? what happened, sergeevich? you see, i need to choose a mobile phone for a woman, but i have no idea what i might like, maybe you can tell me, huh? i’ll invite you to the cafe later, unless of course you’re in too much of a hurry, it’s coming, it’s coming, okay, have a seat, please, thank you.

len, lena, i’m calling you, calling you, good morning, good! i'm sorry, i just can't hear, i was thinking about something on my own, uh-huh, and i see you're just glowing from within, you've fallen in love, or what? oh, right, oh, my, i’m boiling, where is lena, len, huh? sorry, what? nothing, work, let's go, let's go. good morning, anna mikhailovna. hello,

i’m being a little self-willed here. a good start. yes, nothing like that, i just sent the results. and experimental plus with specific additives, a new product from the semenovsky plant, it’s great , it means it won’t be so difficult to find where it came from on filin’s clothes, yes, yes, yes, it was delivered to kaluga only once , only to one base: base number, address, phone number, attached borisovich - you are a genius , avdeev, good morning, and you know that you gave borisovich a bottle of whiskey, what do you mean , what kind, fighting, what kind, i don’t change my habits, single malt, right, single malt,

i remembered, but for what? so, what do you say the base is called? yeah, thanks, michal, thank you, yes, come in, petrovich, you’ll treat me to tea, there’s something for it, well, that’s up to you, in the garages i talked to everyone, no one has a gazelle there, but a gazelle. yesterday at about 3 a.m. or sat with my matchmaker watching hockey , i was returning to the garage, looking from the filien garage towards a gazelle, i almost crashed,

and the goat had turned on the high beams, which means there was a gazelle after all, who was driving, he didn’t see, the driver i blinded him with headlights, okay, that's something, but for you i... still have work to do, petrovich, you have a conscience yes, i’ve been like a squirrel since the very morning, so don’t slow down the pace, hold on, what is this, this is a base of mineral fertilizers, take one of the experts, go there and get me samples of fertilizers, blow, i always knew, initiative is punishable , i would sit warm now.

oops, i'm not wrong. and i’m like this, learn how to baggage the new fish, god

help me, guys, great, whose gazelle is there, fish, well, my, what? we need to talk, well, we need to talk, we can talk.

"free, leonida sergeevich, here, please write down what it is, why, then, that you do not have or have any complaints against the investigative authorities. it turns out that i’m free, your girlfriend’s neighbors confirmed that on the night of the murder you were at her place and were so rowdy that they had to call the police. well, it turns out that if i hadn’t gotten drunk like a pig that evening, no one would have believed my albie, but drinking in such quantities is still not good.

borisoch, it turns out that we have a hero, mind you, both a hero and an expert, all for one salary, so what is this, microparticles of fertilizers in the body of a gazelle coincide with microparticles on owl’s clothes, and considering how much the owner of the gazelle wanted to escape, we can assume that the crime has been solved. wait wait. and the motive for the crime is lyamur, lyamur in full, everyone at the base knows that this grishin, the owner of gazilia, was the lover of erofei filin’s wife, oh well, yes, tell me, anna mikhailovna, this is how you can be clairvoyant and not see what’s with your horns you’re already touching the clouds with yours, major, believe me, no, litka put me to bed herself, and you resisted like... but what’s that? resist, i’m a man, after all

, but this sorcerer, well, there’s absolutely no way with this matter, she told you that, well, yes, she ’s been cheating on him all her life, ask whoever you want, and they say she doesn’t have a son understand from whom, uh , what happened that night, olya said that the sorcerer would leave for a couple of days, but he took it at night and came back, well, he found us lukewarm, screamed like crazy, said that i would kill everyone, they would let us in, that it was all his betrayed, i give my word of honor, he was the first to rush at me, yeah, and you saw him like this, but i only did it a couple of times hit him, and he suddenly fell and the little girl touched him and said, everything’s fine, and you took him to the garage, i guess i don’t remember, here’s the terrace, honestly, litka didn’t pour me a glass, my hands are like that they were shaking, but i poured everything into the glass, out

, i don’t remember anything that happened, a lapse in memory, what a strange failure, commander, but i can’t drink at all, i’m shell-shocked in the army, i’m a fool from a bottle of beer, i’m becoming a fool, here’s the horses , i woke up in the morning, litkay told me what i had done, it’s clear, it’s not clear what else, why? go to your mistress with a baton, just in case a case, but nothing surprising, a common thing , after a concussion, drinking alcohol even in small doses can lead to uncontrollable outbursts, rage, seizures, as in epilepsy, even amnesia, he really had a concussion, but that’s the point: in the army during an exercise, either a mine or a grenade exploded next to him, that’s bad luck, if the examination is on... everything you said, then i think he

got away with it, again a dead end, and i got a cordon with a report, yes, yes, come in, anna mikhailovna, i was working on the sorcerer’s notebook, and i found something, a prediction of the end of the world, yes , it may very well be that not one page was torn out, but two: the first with a suicide note, by the way, the handwriting is very fine, the second - i restored the text from the traces of extrusion on the next page, that’s what the note is it worked out. planned parenthood with three exclamation marks and a date. date of. death of filin, well, this is already interesting, borisovich, so i’ll kiss you, and andrei petrovich, control yourself, a bottle of whiskey and we’re spinning, a bottle of whiskey, of course, and then i’ll kiss you mikhailovna, i’d better go, borisovich, borisovich, stop, let me kiss you, borisovich, what!

hey, what are you doing, that’s just what i needed right now, yes, yes, come in, mikhailov, please leave, i, well, in general, i don’t know whether i’ll like it or not, so, in short, this is a new one to replace the broken one, are you crazy, or what, why, why, why, then, why should i be a debtor? i don’t like it, let me rearrange the sim cards for you now, no need, no need to rearrange anything, sit down, i ’d better make you some coffee, oh, thank you, thank you, your office is very ascetic, yes, well, yes, i don’t know any signs that the owner is a woman, there aren’t even any flowers,

well, excuse me, the flowers don’t take root with me, imagine, they don’t take root with me either. here's your coffee, thank you, forgive me, for god 's sake, who is so and so, excuse me, my hands are hooked, now i, now i am this, now i am you, just don't need anything, please, i don't need it, i myself, i myself how about you, what, take your new phone, otherwise i’ll break it, you’ll have two broken phones, i’m just completely... i don’t know, well, i’m so uncomfortable, anna mikhailovna, really, dance , it’s clear, evidence, proof, it’s necessary , how interesting, yes, come in, good afternoon,

good, it’s very good that you came, please take a seat, “the case is practically solved, there are some details left, your mother's lover, a certain grishen claims that he beat your father, you knew about this, no, i was not at home that night, and then you found your father hanged in the garage in the morning, can you tell me how he could have ended up there, i said mother, this grishin is a complete bastard, but it seems to me that grishin is here completely..." why were you at home that night , dad, what happened to dad, leave him, he’s alive, you called an ambulance, he wanted to kick me out of the house, leave me without a penny of money, and you too, it was a cold-blooded conspiracy,

you and your mother acted together, when she gave grishin cognac and he passed out, then you took the keys to his gazelle from him, together with your mother , you loaded your father’s body into it, numerous fresh traces of your shoes were found in the back of grishin’s gazelle, complete nonsense, so that i am my own father, and you are not his son, these are the results of the dna examination that phillin made in the center of the planet. to families. so what? interesting, right? for everyone, erofei phillin was a clairvoyant, but at home he didn’t notice anything at all, not his wife’s constant betrayals, and even the fact that his son was completely different from him. what nonsense, i didn’t kill, it’s grisha.

no, it was you who killed erofey filin. hanged, in his notebook you found a suitable gloomy quote, tore out the piece of paper and put it in his pocket, like a suicide note, if it all passed for suicide, you would receive a decent inheritance, the contents of your pockets on the table, fast. that’s enough, here it is, we’ll give it for examination, it’s interesting, the rope was cut with this knife, there’s just one thing i don’t understand. why did you put a hat on him? well, did you put on your hat and hang yourself? this hat let you

down from the start. well, when i told him about the hat at the end of the day. but really, how did you know that the film wanted to resolve his legacy? i have no idea, it’s just that at one moment all these puzzle pieces somehow came together, as if someone whispered in my ear, listen, what if this yourself, erofi filin, are you seriously , or something, bought it, you should have seen yourself, joke, very funny, phone, thank you, my skiers are calling, hello, skiers, i’m listening, hello, roma, why are you silent? “i’m listening to you, roms, something happened, with ksenia, something, hello, anya,

just don’t worry, it seems our ksyusha was kidnapped.” the most beautiful thing we can experience is a sense of mystery. she is the source of all true art of science. albert einstein. a few years ago, the internet space was rocked by sensational news. in it it was said that a certain historian from the netherlands named peter densi, who was seriously fascinated by russian history, and especially the period of the reign of ivan the terrible, for quite a long time. spent in the national archives, studying documents from that time. one of them forced the historian to organize an entire investigation.

so what could denzi have discovered in the national archive of the netherlands that was so incredible, and even connected with the era of ivan the terrible? judging by online publications, we are talking about business correspondence of a merchant named jochen wehm, who often visited moscow with large consignments of goods. the correspondence, i must say, is most boring: debits, credits, balances, guilders, but among them. all this is a description of the royal feast to which the dutch merchant was invited, including he mentions a certain curiosity, this curiosity was an iron man, well, that is, really a creature quite similar to an ordinary person, only made of iron, this man behaved, well, just like alive, so alive that for the amusement of the feasting people he beat the royal bear, not to death, but seriously, covered with deep wounds and abrasions, the beast would... be forced to flee, the further fate of the wounded bear did not seem to interest the dutch merchant at all, but other skills of the iron

man caused real delight. this very iron man, i quote: to the surprise of everyone, he brought a cup of wine to the tsar, bowed to the guests and sang something in russian. shocked by the medieval notes. at first he got angry, but then, after drinking a cup of malvasia, i quote, he ordered to call three artisan-looking people, dressed like boyars and something

he ordered them, they opened the lids hidden under the clothes of the iron man, in it there were gear springs that moved arms, legs and head, the guests sobered up with fright , but whoever sobered up together with them, and the russian tsar boasted, as if such servants were in russia even 2-3 centuries ago, what ... boasted is beyond doubt, neither in the 14th, nor even more so in the 13th century , there were definitely no such technical miracles in russia, even in the 16th century, when ivan the terrible actually ruled, that’s all it's more like science fiction. but as you know, sometimes the most incredible facts are confirmed. so could ivan the terrible, to the envy of the rest of the world, become the only ruler at that time, the owner of a mechanical one? servants, in modern robot parlance. stereotypes or not,

the first thing that comes to mind when ivan the terrible is mentioned is his murdered son, suspicion, sometimes bordering on madness, brutal reprisals and executions. ivan the fourth developed a reputation as a person far from progress and enlightenment. here is a reconstruction of his appearance, created by our famous anthropologist mikhail mikhailovich gerasimov, and today everyone can see it in the exhibition of the museum of moscow. to form your own impression of our famous tsar, judging by this portrait, ivan vasilyevich really was a powerful, stern and even cruel man, not prone to sentimentality. in april 1963, it was decided to explore the burial place of tsar ivan iv,

ivan vasilyevich, and his sons ivan ivanovich in the archangel cathedral of the moscow kremlin. complex, very emotional, as if a father were killing his own son. as a result, scientists those who worked in the royal tomb, among them mikhail gerasimov, found out that the image of the emaciated and corroded by his own treachery of the king, so beloved by artists and then by filmmakers, was very far from the truth. this was easy to do because the bones

of the skeleton were well preserved, and height and height could be calculated. was about 190 cm, that is, he was tall, at that time really very tall, his weight, well, it is approximately estimated at 90 kilograms, that is, he was proportionally built, according to the same bones it was it is clear that this is a man who led an active physical lifestyle all his life, but only at the end of his days ivan vasilyevich began to give up.

rasimova was the way the king’s right hand was positioned, it was bent at the elbows, the fingers touched the chin, as if ivan vasilyevich forever froze with an expression of deep thoughtfulness. in principle, he , of course, had something to think about, for example , that even if you were an enlightened ruler at least three times, your descendants would definitely distort everything and you would go down in history as a tyrant, executioner and despot. and what is the truth, what is myth-making, go figure it out. this is probably why there are disputes between historians about which ruler.

so the medical doctors, and ivan the terrible is certainly a villain, because a politician of the 15th century is a villain by definition, otherwise he simply would not sit on his throne, there was not a single non-villain at that time. henry i destroyed a significant part of the population, and then his daughter elizabeth i continued completely, and... in france there are generally religious wars, comrades, dear ones, there is massacre on such a scale that we in russia have never dreamed of, simply. but is ivan the terrible really only a villainy? after all, it is well known that he was seriously interested in astrology, loved chess and reading. in terms of hobbies, and ivan grozy is a completely typical post-renaissance crew, he really reads a lot.

but he already reads translated literature, in our country the 16th century differs from, say, the 15th century, there is a lot of literature from classical languages ​​with...

with the color of church polyphonic singing. and ivan the terrible sang, naturally, in the church choir, like everyone else. it’s just that all of them are literate people. but he also composed music. u we found two works. where is it indicated that ivan the terrible composed. these works were discovered in a 16th-century manuscript kept in the collection of the trinity of sergius. laurels, their authorship was established thanks to the notes: the creation of tsarev, the creation of tsar john, the russian despot. this is called

arganetta, and what is on top is a disk with a recording of the piece of music that this device performs. but these holes are nothing more than an intermediate link in the evolution between musical notation and a gramophone record, following followed by magnetic tapes, and then digital media. which, apparently, can soon also be handed over to the museum and placed next to the neighboring stand. by the way, the moscow experimental plant gramzapis released its first batch of cds back in 1989. these were discs with two stichera, that is, church chants. the author of one of these works was radion shchedrin, the second was written by, do you know who? ivan vasilyevich, the same tsar ivan the terrible. well, to be fair , before that they printed a batch of disks rax group. but this was a pilot run just to test the technology; those discs did not go on sale, but the disc with stichera has already been released in over a thousand copies, and today , 30 years after its publication, such a disc is

a collector’s rarity, but thanks to the internet, the 1989 recording can be found listen. i ’m certainly not a fan, much less a connoisseur of sacred music, but this work is really... fascinating, but that’s what interests us most: could such a, as they would now say, advanced a person like ivan the terrible could become interested in a mechanical curiosity, so unusual for that time, but definitely could. but the question is: were there also technological prerequisites for this? after all , we are talking about a real robot who served the caftan to the king, swept the yard, and just didn’t make coffee. and all this in the 15th century. no. here, it seems, we cannot do without the help of experts. the history of the development of such a complex and ancient phenomenon as the production of machines that reproduce the appearance and activities of people can be represented in terms

by which we designate these devices. the word android appeared in the 18th century during the age of enlightenment. the term robot was invented at the beginning of the 20th century. the first person to use it was karil chapok, robots translated from czech as ka. appeared about 300 years ago, and before the android and before the robot, another term was used - automaton, yeah, it’s ancient greek, in ancient greek myths there are many stories, many topoi about masters who

created humanoid devices, yeah , the main one is, of course, hephaestus , according to legend didalus, the builder of the famous labyrinth on kriti, icarus's father was the mentor of his nephew named talus. to a young man talented in some ways, even surpassing his teacher, at least a pottery wheel, lathe, compass and modern saw are his invention. talos was jealous of the pedal, he... pushed him from the athenian acropolis, a hill. but hephaestus revived talos and turned him into a colossal bronze giant to guard the island of crete. during the day, thallos ran around this island three times; modern historians estimate that his speed must have reached 300 km/h. in addition to talas, during his career on olympus, hephaestus made several dozen more robots for completely different purposes. hephaestus created fire-breathing bulls for... he appears in the famous myth

of the argonauts. he created, according to homer , about twenty furs. these are the berduks for fanning the fire. at the same time, they were automatic; they themselves fanned the fire at the right moments. then, hephesus created tripods for the gods, to the base of which wheels were screwed. they moved on their own. they delivered ambrosia to the gods, this nectar, which they drink on ariolim. so that the gods have it. to make life even easier, he created an automatic gate into which the stags with ambrosia nectar entered. the example of hephaestus turned out to be contagious and his baton was picked up by the outstanding minds of ancient greece. indeed, the greeks were excellent scientists. and one of them, the orhirensky, we know, made a wooden dove. the dove, of course, has not been preserved by itself, but there is a separate description of it. we know that he shot up the air, inside him. there was

a device vaguely reminiscent of a steam boiler, air rose with the help of steam. mazhaisky's plane, mozhaisky's plane, indeed, we know that heron of alexandria made a special machine for the temples, where you could throw a coin, it would pour you a measure of water for sacred libations. phillo of byzantium, another scientist, created a mechanical maid, she knew how to mix wine and water, a famous attribute of the ancient greeks, they always drank diluted. yes, well, with the death of the ancient world, were all technical achievements really lost? as the experts explained to us, no. the arabs became the heirs and guardians of ancient knowledge. al-jazari mechanics are called truly pre-vinci of the muslim century. these two greatest men are separated by 300 years, but indeed leonardo da vinci can be considered a shining example of a universal man.

the mechanic al-jazari was the same in his uniqueness. he was the greatest engineer, mathematician, astronomer. after himself , he left extensive works, diagrams, sketches, which he presented in his book of inventions, where he introduced people to his 50 diagrams and sketches. 50 - this means 50 of some devices, he proposed here. yes, 50 devices. when did he live in what century? in the 13th century? in general, on what principles were his inventions based? well, many of the mechanisms were , of course, based on the principles of applied mechanics, that is, these were various clamps, cams, and there was also a mechanism driven by various ropes, a system of wheels, belts, someone tried, i don’t know, to recreate these mechanisms to make something according to his drawings?

in january 2010, an exhibition was held in britain, which was called 101 inventions, discoveries of the islamic century in our days, and it was there that the reconstruction of his six-meter elephant water clock was presented. it was a rather complex multi-tiered structure, which contained a fairly large number of mechanisms with different operating principles. we learned from experts that among...

miraculously survived, they first learned about it only in 1638, when the mathematician, astronomer, and great lover of antiquity, john griefs, bought it at the market in istanbul and then... completely by accident, today the book of knowledge is kept in the oxford library. of course, it can be assumed that aljazzari’s book of knowledge did not exist in a single copy, which means that one copy could have ended up even in the liberia of ivan the terrible. but what’s confusing is that most of the devices developed by the arab thinker

operated using hydraulics, that is , they needed water, but the iron man of ivan the terrible, judging by the descriptions, worked on some other principle, more reminiscent. a clock mechanism or a jukebox, exactly the same principle was used by skilled craftsmen of the 16th century when they began to create things surprisingly similar to animals and people. automatons and the frenchman jacques de vacanson was the first to become famous in this field. jacques de vacançon was the tenth child of a poor jesuit family. but he became known to the world thanks to his three amazing inventions. he came up with a tambourine player, a flittist, and

a mechanical duck, which he introduced to parisians in 1738. do you know what this duck itself looked like? thoroughly, of course, it is unknown. it still remains a mystery how the duck visually looked, but you can see the prototype, this is also a modern product, yes, this is a modern duck, but it was made based on the invention of the jacoda canson, it could spread its wings, twitch its tail, stretch its neck , and even pecking at scattered food and digesting it, it was believed that jacques davacanson’s original duck even had a specially... installed chemical reagent that broke down the ingested grains. 100 years will pass and android automatons will be in fashion will literally overwhelm europe. this was the peak of the development and production of mechanical dolls, and the center of production was france, the city of paris, where in one block in the more quarter

there were almost all the leading manufacturers of automata of that time, these were gustav vichy, and leopold lambert, and the roulet dk company. does any of this work? yes, can you show me? yes, of course, i think i know what inspired those who made dr. lifsey , remember in the famous cartoon, he laughs exactly the same way, one on one, well, yes, we can say that many dolls of that period sometimes they produce eerie impressions, but in general the task of the creators of mechanical dolls was not only to make some kind of moving... object that looked like a person, animal or bird, it is very important that the audience receives some kind of emotion, not necessarily positive, sometimes they were frightened , of course, yes, sometimes they felt fear , sometimes surprise, but sometimes they also laughed, let's talk about our country, here,

when all this appears, when it becomes popular, in the 18th century it is absolutely known that the king alexey mikhailovich in kolomenskoye, on both sides of the throne there were two mechanical figures of a lion, when... people approached these lions, they burped and, therefore , their eyes sparkled, they frightened people in every possible way. there are lions in kolomenskoye today, it was there that automoton specialists recommended that we go to find out the details of their structure, but most importantly, there is hope that through lvov we will be able to trace the trail of the iron man ivan the terrible. well, let's try to contact the staff of the museum of the kolomenskaya reserve... 4 years old wooden palace in kolomenskoye was officially the summer country residence of tsar alexei mikhailovich romanov. here he received foreign ambassadors, decided state affairs, contemporaries called the palace the eighth wonder

of the world. but under catherine ii, the palace fell into hopeless disrepair and was dismantled. what can be seen today is a historical and artistic reconstruction. these lions that are standing here, are they also a copy? this is a copy, in fact , we know from written sources that in the palace, in the estate of tsar alexei mikhailovich , there were such unusual mechanisms automatons, in the form of lions, they actually guarded the front gates of the royal estate, stood on the street, and according to some reports , several more automatons were inside the palace itself, they were already guarding the royal palace. the throne, but of course, the original lions have not reached us; already at the beginning of the 16th century these mechanisms were recorded in a broken state, but from the descriptions that we have, these are primarily poems. and semeon of polotsk, the court poet of tsar alexei mikhailovich, as well as from the touches of foreign guests who

have been here to the kolumenskaya estate, the lions were very formidable beasts, and for greater persuasiveness, the wooden bodies of the mechanical predators exactly repeated the proportions of living lions, and some of them were covered with lamb skins, these lions were controlled using clock mechanisms, with the addition of more ... organ instruments, which allowed the lions not only to make some body movements, but even to roar a little, and producing such a very formidable effect on the guests who arrived here in kolomenskoye, that is, for the 14th century was, in general, such a century , well, let’s just say that the 18th century is the century of the development of the science of mechanics, this is a period when there is generally an active development of various sciences, and tsar alexei mikhailovich, he was an enlightened person, interested, therefore.

centuries did not look like some kind of breakthrough invention, unlike the iron man ivan the terrible, who clearly seemed like an invention ahead of its time. well then the question arises: who could be its author? the first thing that comes to mind is leonardo da vinci, the genius of the era. revival, but is this possible, and why not, however, why guess, especially since we have a completely unique hint from the staff of the kolomna museum of the reserve, this is a museum-workshop where professors and students of the russian state humanitarian university conduct their classes, and where the engineering heritage of leonardo da vinci is not only collected, but based on his drawings and sketches, they are created. tell us how wide the range of interests of leonard dovinci was

and how diverse his inventions were. you you know, today there is probably practically no area of ​​technology that does not trace its history back to the developments of leonard da vinci. these include lifting machines, construction machines, underwater diving equipment, robotics, aerohydrodynamics, construction of aircraft, drones, in the end. introduce some of his designs, what he left in his sketches, how functional will these mechanisms and devices that he invent be? in order to reproduce the machines or mechanisms of leonardo da vinci you will need enough a lot of effort, firstly, this is due to the fact that almost most of the machine-mechanisms from leonard devinci’s drawing will not work if they are accurately reproduced, and this is strange, so is devinci’s genius really just a myth, it turns out.

by the way, he wrote about painting and gave instructions to young artists: do not transfer the features of your face into the models that you write and draw, apparently leonardo caught himself transferring individual features into the works that he does, so he scanned , having recognized and processed everything using a neural network, it is quite possible to get the appearance of leonard davinich as he really looked. and here a shock awaits an unprepared person, da vinci in his textbook image. completely different, this very bust, and this is a plaster

cast of it from this bust, which anatol ivanich savryakov made in plasticine similar to napoleon, it seems to me. the yan napoleon is also somewhat different from this bearded grandfather, whom he always shows us exactly like this. in general, apparently, not yet it will take one century to reveal all the secrets associated with leonardo da vinci, although if you choose the right code, then the encrypted diagrams and drawings of the master become quite working, we have personally seen this. yes, i probably look a little stupid now, but for me these objects are absolutely perfect. closer here, class, nikolai, be careful, this spire, it’s very sharp, yes, so bend down, even lower, more, more, more, more, and you can get inside this cathedral, really, but what if it happens, for example, tank, how it works, this tank, also bend over to see the structure of the tank

inside, yeah, by the way, in the original drawing of the tank, the wheels rotate on... the sat, where the cars, mechanisms, gears were drawn, and what’s most important , even separate, so to speak, designs of the same mechanical knight, which we always admire so much, as one of the first automatons that was made in the renaissance, knight, mechanical, the first automaton of the renaissance, now this is

interesting, let's let's look at the knight there is a knight, but knights are not on this model?

in 1494 in 1495 in milan met with the russian diplomatic court with envoys daniil momerev and daniil angelov and momarev these were envoys of the great ivan ii, who...

there was an abundance of counterfeit coins, and although the accusation turned out to be false, a residue, apparently, remained . to date , not many sources have survived that tell about aristotle firavanti’s stay in moscow. one of them is the first sophia chronicle, at least there are a lot of references to it in internet. an electronic copy is contained on the website of the institute of russian literature of the russian academy of sciences. this is what is said here: it is said that fiorovante arrived in moscow. on a great day, well, that is, on easter, and he did not come alone, i quote: he took with him that aristotle, his son, they call him andrei, before the boy, a servant, that is, they call him petrushia. in fact, the son's name, of course, was andre, peter's servant, however, this is not so important. the main thing is that immediately after arriving in moscow, aristotle fiaravanti began working on a new version assumption cathedral, which was

destroyed shortly before, and even after the completion of work, that is, after 4 years, did not return home. but he did not lose contact with his homeland, but was fiaravanti familiar with leonardo da vinci? theoretically, everything is possible, but firstly, there is a serious difference in age, almost 37 years old, when firavanti came to moscow, he was a famous master, and da vinci was just beginning his career, and secondly, leonardo’s main engineering developments are at the end xv century, aristotle feorovanti was no longer alive by that time. much more the candidate from milan , pietro antonio salari, who is known to us as pyotr fryazin, looks suitable. he arrived in moscow in 1490 and eventually became the author of the faceted chamber of walls and towers. it is known that in 1471 peter’s father began the construction of the milan cathedral, and his son, of course,

worked for his father. by the way, it was at this time that leonardo davinci was also involved in the construction of the cathedral. could salari and dovinci have continued their relationship? it's possible. the legend of the rebirth could share with salari his invention, a mechanical knight. same perhaps, but why then in none of the sources from the time of ivan ii were we able to find at least a hint of an iron man or something similar. however, the explanation here may be quite simple: ivan ii could be absolutely indifferent to technical innovations, like ivan the terrible’s father, vasily ii. but ivan the terrible could well have become interested in a foreign invention, especially during the heyday and strengthening of his power. which he spent in alexandrovskaya sloboda. well, let's go to alexandrovskaya sloboda. be maybe we'll find traces of a medieval

robot there. probably, somewhere here there was a road along which ivan the terrible entered alexandrovskaya sloboda. actually, it became a street much later, already in the 18th century under catherine ii. when the regular plan of the city of alexandrov was approved. the street, by the way, was then called moscow, and under soviet rule it began to be called. lenin street, which emphasizes its officially central status, but now look here what has been established, a real iron man with an iron heart, and even made of parts of some machines and mechanisms, but if not the iron man of ivan the terrible, we will consider this a good omen, i get the feeling that the locals know something about the history of mechanical animals in russia, well, hello, fish!

valuables took the entire sovereign treasury and with his family, together with close nobles, boyars, left moscow in a huge convoy. why did grozny choose alexander's freedom as the place of his move from moscow, because on the one hand it was relatively close to moscow, on the other on the other hand, it was a perfectly fortified residence, there was a large, as it were, military garrison, and he did not have to worry about his personal safety, well, first of all, for his personal safety, and how long was ivan the terrible in the end?

century, it was the richest city of medieval moscow, that is , people came here from the west, from the east, and now, by the way, we are approaching the main palace square of the sovereign's courtyard, this is where the large throne room was once located, this is exactly where receptions of ambassadors were held when ivan the terrible arrives in aleksandrovskaya sloboda, he conceived several grandiose educational projects, one of them is... the creation of handwritten four books, this is a literary treasure trove of knowledge in russia, where almost all the books of russia known at that time are collected, and here in aleksandrovskaya sloboda

these great books are created, then, by the way, one of these copies will be donated to dmitry pozharsky, and at the same time work is underway on the creation of a front chronicle corpus, this is a historical encyclopedia, for the first time such a large-scale work is being created, in which the entire history of the world is being created...

been to russia, of course, we had doubts, the first thing we did was we turned to the director of the national archives of the netherlands, mr. engelhard, asked to clarify whether there were such archives, whether there was such information there, we received the answer that they did not in the archive of information about the iron man, there is no archim johan wöhm, in addition, among the visitors...

we did not find it, that is, there is no desire...