the united states must admit that nato’s advance to the east was a mistake, and president biden should contact moscow as soon as possible to stop the military conflict in ukraine, the famous american financier jeffrey sack is calling for this in the white house. watch the interview with him right now as part of arkady mamontov’s author’s project , the american method, one of the topics of the interview is the fate of the dollar, hello , the american method is on air, today our guest will be the famous economist jeffrey sachs, he is a professor at columbia university in the usa, and is also an adviser to:

the secretary general of the united nations, at one time, in the late eighties, early nineties, he was an economic adviser to the general secretary of the cpsu central committee mikhail gorbachev, and then to the president of russia, boris yeltsen, that is, he knows our entire politics, our entire situation and our post-soviet space in general, which we talked about to jeffie saxon, and of course about ukraine, about this terrible conflict. for the first time, perhaps, a representative of the western elite said such a thing, it is very significant that the americans, the american elite, made a terrible mistake, starting in 2008, they constantly provoked, provoked,

provoked russia, announced that nato was going east, that ukraine was part of the western world, that it would be in nato, and that missiles will be, and crimea will be theirs , the american fleet will be stationed in sevastopol, but they were provoked, and today jeffrey sachs says that what is needed is not negotiations, no, but what is needed is a call from biden, the president of the united states, to our president, vladimir putin, that the united states was wrong. nato will not go further, this of course, it sounds fantastic, but on the other hand, jeffrey sachs says that this will help break the impasse in which the current situation in the world has reached.

i think this war goes back to the time of nato expansion, which the us began in the mid-nineties, when the soviet union was already ending its existence, the us promised president gorbachev that nato would not expand to the east, and the idea was to ensure peace and that there will be normal relations between the us and the soviet union, or between the us and russia after december 1990. but as soon as the soviet union collapsed, american political strategists began planning the expansion of nato. they deceived russia, it was the opposite of what they promised. initially, nato's goal was to protect europe from the ussr, and by that time the soviet union no longer existed. therefore, this idea of ​​nato expansion was bad. when hungary, poland, the czech republic, and the russian leadership joined nato. was not happy about this, but it did not

cause him great fears, because it was somewhere far away, but in 2004, george w. bush expanded nato to seven more countries, estonia, latvia, lithuania, romania, bulgaria, slovakia and slovenia. and then the russians said, "wait a second, you said you wouldn't expand an inch, and now you've taken 10 countries, stop. and during the munich security conference at 200." you deceived us, you said that you will not expand nato, and you continue to expand, stop, in 2008 george w. bush said: “no, no, nato will expand, and we will take ukraine and georgia." i would like to thank these wonderful people from eastern europe whom i recently met. welcome, thank you for leading by example, thank you for your courage, your.

appeared here 15 years ago, today it is dedication , the democratic wave has reached georgia and ukraine, one day the call of freedom will be heard by every mind, this was a very provocative statement, because as a result russia would be surrounded by nato countries in the black sea. and if you look at map, you will understand that the us intention was for ukraine, romania, bulgaria, georgia and turkey, all those countries with which russia neighbors in the black sea, to be in nato. and the president. a neutral country, we don’t want to be part of nato, then in february 2014, president yanukovych was overthrown with the help of the united states. i think the war will end

the day... will pick up the phone and call president putin and say: nato will not expand, it was a bad idea, we are stopping, we need to find a way to ukraine has survived, nato will not expand, we have many topics to discuss, including nuclear weapons and other issues, this is how the war can end, i continue to suggest that washington stop this war so that they can pick up the phone and call, because as long as it continues, it suffers greatly, and everyone suffers, russia suffers, the whole world suffers, but the us can stop it, it seems to me, right today, by recognizing that the whole idea of ​​nato expansion was a terrible idea, which it is, and it was not necessary,

i think the war could end quickly if the us admits that they are not going to expand nato and talks seriously with russia on security issues, i think i'm not the only one who talks about this a lot, my fellow scientist john mearsheimer has said for many years that the united states did a lot to provoke this unnecessary war. and for some time the administration did not want to hear anything, because washington was sure that russia would be defeated. this struck me as very strange and stupid idea because, as you know, under the current circumstances russia is in this war. can't be defeated, but washington didn't want to hear it, now that they see that the situation has become so dire, ukraine has failed its counteroffensive, it can't win this war, and washington just doesn't know what to do, the white house is trying

find some formula in which he will not admit that he made a mistake, but i don’t care whether he admits it or not, what’s important is that so far official washington... has not draws attention to the central issue of nato enlargement and security, and because of this there is a lack of a realistic view of things: washington does not know that their policy has failed, they just do not know what to do about it, i think if biden says that it was mistake, he will look weak, or he will look like a fool, so he is resisting, primarily because of the presidential elections that will be next year, but this is a dangerous policy. this situation when so many people die in ukraine every day. i think that in washington is well aware that all their efforts have failed. russia will not tolerate further nato expansion. ukraine will not defeat russia. and we need to find some other

way. and every day i suggest how to find a path to peace. perhaps one day they will accept it, and better, faster, because the current war. in the middle east is driving us foreign policy into an even greater crisis. this is an issue that is being discussed in washington now. there are a lot of politicians, especially in the republican party, who say that stop spending money on ukraine, the budget is in big deficit, we can’t afford it. this is not our priority, we must stop this funding, and of course, the biden white house continues to ask congress for more money every day, and many congressmen receive funds for their election campaigns from the military-industrial complex, almost

every congressman in his congressional district has military factories or companies, so this is a very sensitive issue, mood... no need to spend extra tens and hundreds of billions of dollars for something that doesn’t work for something that doesn’t make sense, will politicians listen to this? this is a big question, but whether the lobbyist from the military-industrial complex or the white house is holding it up is still unclear, but there is no doubt that funding for ukraine is being reduced, but will it be stopped completely, we'll see, but it is definitely decreasing, but this must end, this the war shouldn't last forever. nearly 50 years ago, the defense industry deliberately structured its supply chains so that they touched every member of congress. because they knew that under this condition

, politicians would be favorable to them, because they could tell every congressman: you have workers in your district who depend on our company, this was done intentionally, this has already been going on for decades when american president biden spoke in a speech to the american people a few weeks ago, he said that we need another 100 billion dollars to support ukraine. here are some states where military production is located: arizona, texas, pennsylvania, biden named them, he tried to influence domestic politics in these states in this way, it is not yet clear whether it worked or not, by and large, americans don’t care whether ukraine joins nato or not, but for russia, this is very important, that’s what problem, but in the usa, people don’t care, for them it’s a war. yes, perhaps some people

are trying to win something, but i don’t think it’s a lot of money, and that you can earn something from the ukrainian economy, their economy is ruined, the population has also decreased greatly, the damage is the ukrainian economy is estimated at tens of billions of dollars due to this war. “we remain neutral, don’t drag us into your stupid war, and even in march 2022 zelensky said: “we want to be neutral, we want to end this war, we will follow a peaceful and diplomatic path, and we will follow them, and only them.” but the americans told the ukrainians: no, keep fighting. fight the russians, you need to weaken russia, you need to defeat them. and zelensky, the ukrainian

leadership made a terrible mistake by listening then the americans, because it led to a year and a half of suffering, casualties, economic and demographic collapse, and no success was achieved. when you talk to an american, any american from any sphere, the conversation always comes up about the dollar, about money, so this is what jeffrey sachs said, he said that now the dollar is losing its position, because it is no longer an alternative to gold , but is rather an american weapon in the fight against countries that do not want to be us satellites, their vassals, well, a vivid example of this is that is happening to us now. in our fight against this hegemon, he also said that paper money will eventually become

a thing of the past, well, for example, in sweden there are no longer paper coins, even in india, somewhere in the rural outback, in the foothills of tibet, you can pay with by phone, right by the road , buying there, say, chicken or turmeric , such an indian seasoning, in europe now it is very difficult, for example, russian tourists everywhere... they ask not for cash, but for a card, and without a card you are almost nobody, like this gradually we are drawn into this future, a shining digital world, by the way, maybe george orwell wrote about it in his immortal novel, 1984, in this dystopia, in the first half of the century, the second world war and even before the first world war, the pound sterling was the main international currency of settlement when

international trade was carried out in pounds sterling, they were backed by gold, although weakly supported by the authority of the british empire itself, then the first world war happened, then the great depression, the second world war, at the end of the second world war the usa was the country with the most developed economy in the world, by a huge margin from everyone else , which was trusted, and it was the only solvent government, and the dollar became the new currency, the base currency for world transfers, it was relatively... backed by gold, there was a complex security system that existed between in 1945 and 1971, the dollar standard replaced the gold standard, but still, other governments could exchange american dollars for american government gold if they wanted, but in august 1971

the united states said: we no longer exchange gold to the dollar, from that moment on... only dollars began to exist, but the dollar was supported by the power of the united states and the convenience of using the american banking system in international trade. the strength of the dollar depended on two things: the strong american economy, which was the largest in the world, and the ease of using dollars for international payments. but both of these aspects have changed. now the us is no longer such a big economy compared to others. and second, it is not so convenient to use dollars now if you are in a country that the us doesn't get along very well. because the us confiscated 300 billion dollars of russian funds, the us confiscated money from venezuela, iran, afghanistan, north korean money, so if you are not friends with the us, then do not use dollars,

because the us can take them for itself, that is why now in some countries, especially in the brix countries, of which russia is a part, they began to create a system outside of dollar payments, so that countries from which the us could confiscate money could safely transfer funds. i would like to suggest increase the share of project financing in the national currencies of the brix countries. this would not only increase the weight of our currencies as an alternative in the international settlements of the world economy, but would avoid additional cost risks. in mutual settlements, i always tell my colleagues in washington: do not take money from others, they will stop using dollars, this is a bad idea for the united states, but washington is full of arrogant people, they believe that there is no alternative to the dollar, so they can do everything, whatever, but america is coming soon understands that an alternative to the dollar exists,

non-dollar payments should become a large part of the global economy in the next 10 years. a dollar bill has no value behind it, it can only be exchanged for other pieces of the same paper, but there is no real product or service or seashells or gold or silver, there is nothing behind it, it is only used because people accept it, that's what we call fiat currency, it can be bought, there is a demand for it, it can be exchanged for goods, but it is not backed by anything. people use dollars only because other people accept them as payment, and as long as the united states does not print too many dollars, the dollar will only retain its value in terms of the goods it can buy. if our government, the central bank, which we

call the federal reserve, prints more money than there are goods, then of course the dollar... will lose value, this will be expressed in inflation. this is one of the reasons why inflation has been high for the last couple of years, because the central bank has given away a lot of dollars in the twenties, twenties during the coronavirus pandemic. this led to inflation in '22, '20. the value of a currency depends on its supply, on the limitations of this supply. if the government prints too much money, it will. from an economic point of view, peace is much better than war, and the idea that war is good for the economy is not true. the us has wasted at least 5 trillion dollars just by blowing the pipes in afghanistan, iraq, syria, libya, all these

the wars that the usa was stupid only increased the us national debt, it is now very high. the government owes about 100% of the national income and it continues to grow, it is quite large, and the cost of war is a large part of this debt, it weakens our economy. we would be in a much better situation if we spent money on peaceful consumption, on housing, on infrastructure, on the railway network, on digital systems. there are so many good things you can spend money on. war is not a very good investment of course, it can enrich some companies that produce weapons, but society does not get richer from the war, society gets poorer from it. the us debt has been rising since 2000, it started growing at 35% and rose to 100% of national income, and it continues to grow and

grow, this is not a good situation. during almost all of this time there was a very low interest rate, and now there is high debt and a fairly high interest rate. and now the government is spending a fortune on paying off the interest on this debt, and this, in turn, also increases the budget. all debts, household debt, corporate debt, government debt, make the economy more unstable, to shocks, unexpected increases in interest rates, various credit crises, we take too much debt too lightly, this can create serious problems, i always say in the usa that our budget deficit is a big problem, some of my colleagues say, don’t worry, it pumps up the economy, creates demand. busy, but i've been dealing with economic crises for over 40 years, and i know that if you accumulate a very large debt, as a private individual or

government, you will have a lot of problems, in crypto currency, no, i don't believe in it, i could be rich, but i didn't buy it, i think money should be regulated by the government i think should not confiscate money from people they should allow people to use it properly i think there should be a government regulated monetary system but regulated responsibly so i don't believe in crypto currency but i do believe in digital currencies , i believe that there will be digital currencies from central banks, this means that we will be able to pay using our phones or some other gadgets, make very efficient payments, paper money is not very convenient, it can be lost, it can burn, but of course, yes, it gives

anonymity , anonymity can be good for illegal transactions, but many countries are getting rid of paper currencies completely, in sweden it is almost impossible to use the swedish krona in paper form, in india, even considering that some regions of india are very poor, it is very often possible to pay... i'm a scientist, i decided that i don't want to be rich , of course, i want to feel comfortable, but i don't want to be rich, in order to be rich you need certain skills, you need to be lucky and you really need to want to become rich, that is, they must put money first, this is a certain character, some people do not want to be rich, they just want to have

everything they need to enjoy their life. conflicts do not bring good to a world of peace; on the contrary, they incite chaos, which the united states wants to rule, and the first secret is that the americans themselves are... their elite is afraid, this is the reasoning of the economist and the united states, jeffrey sachs, about calling our president. it was the american way, see you.

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we are now in the kherson region , school number one in the city of genichesk, we’ll go in now, talk with the head, with the director of this school, but i would immediately like to note the new large sports complex, let’s see how the athlete’s classes are going, the camp complex was built in record time. the builders entered the site in july, and already in november, after the school holidays , the first lesson was held in the hall, and we had been waiting for this moment for a very long time, well, let’s just say, for the first school this moment was very long, since 1985 we had six projects, on site there, where we are standing today, it was like an unfinished construction , this building was demolished, there was only a basement, today we see such beauty, the gym area is more than 500 km, you can

practice any kind of sports, i expected that the sports complex it will be, but that it will be so magnificent, i honestly, well, didn’t quite expect it, like, i often went to competitions in the past, visited many places.