colonialists from europe, in this case of jewish origin, arrived on foreign land, occupied it, expelled the local population, and this is in the order of things, but this is the path to only one thing: reproduction and intensification of conflicts. our saudi interlocutor mentioned the un climate change conference, which just ended in the united arab emirates. it evoked mixed responses. the comments in the world's leading media throughout the forum were simply disgusting: the oil lobby had crushed the world's ecology and mocked. the conference of the year, the one planet summit, was on climate change, although long before it began. the climate summit in dubai, with the participation of 70 thousand delegates from 150 countries, became the largest at the same time.

the conference took place against the backdrop of the fossil fuel company's expansion. back in 2015, sultan al jaber hired so -called greenwashers to clean up his tarnished environmental image online. hundreds of fake accounts to promote the conference and suppress criticism of its organizers. total for the last decades, the united arab emirates has spent several million dollars on propaganda related to the issues. in the spring

, the emirati organizers of cop-28, citing local legislation, called on speakers at the conference to refrain from criticizing local government corporations and freedom of expression. following this , amnesty international published a report on cases of digital surveillance in the united arab emirates to suppress dissent. during the conference, its head stated that the refusal from fossil fuels has no scientific basis. which cast doubt on the very idea of ​​combating global warming. earlier , documents about the emirates’ plans to use sammies for conclusions were leaked online. the conference in dubai brought together about 2,500 people associated with the oil and gas industry. there were even more lobbyists than representatives of the ten countries most vulnerable to climate change. nevertheless, the outcome of the kop-28 meeting was assessed as generally positive. however, at the last moment everything

suddenly miraculously turned into a blur, although streamlined, but the goals of abandoning fossil fuels, what was it after all, a success or a failure? we asked our good friend igor makarov, a conference participant in dubai. on the last day of the conference, which was supposed to be the last, that is, december 12, there really was a feeling of complete impasse. because, well, the text that appeared the night before, in general it categorically did not suit the developed countries in the first place, in general they actively advocated that it should be, the wording should be completely radical changed, and well, in very harsh terms they said it, it was exactly the same.

on the other hand, what they demanded in their speeches, that is, the formulation of a refusal from fossil fuels, or at least a phased phase -out of fossil fuels, this formulation turned out to be unacceptable for - first of all, the countries of course criticized western means there as much as possible mass media, and in general there is a form on the margins too, but it is clear that saudi arabia in general represented the interests, well...

it is located on nine coral islands, most of which are located just a meter above the water, and during high tides almost half of the capital is flooded. in order to preserve the state, at least for history, the authorities decided to create a digital copy of it and post it on a cloud server, in

to amend the constitution to ensure that tuvalu will exist forever, despite the effects of climate change. in 2021 , the minister... in the face of global warming, and the president of the maldives back in 2009 held the first ever underwater meeting, the pacific countries most vulnerable to climate disaster are likely to be the main beneficiaries of the damage compensation fund established on the margins of... dollars of collective aid to developing countries, but there were those who chose to act independently, for example, australia, which promised to send 150 million dollars to

the pacific resilience fund and offered refuge to the people of tuvalu. december 13th. at 7 am, that is, apparently they really worked all night - and all the previous day all night and maybe the whole previous night, in general , uh, a text was released, which, well, in many ways, really became a compromise, that is, uh , very elegant, very elegant formulations, which everyone, on the one hand, can perceive in their own way, on the other hand, in these formulations everyone can find , well, something that suits him, some kind of departure from... fossil fuels, but at the same time, such a formulation is generally used for the first time in personal discourse, so in fact, what exactly stands under it, too, everyone is generally free to understand as he wants, with other side appeared, literally the very next paragraph

there was a proposal that the possibility of using transition fuels or transition fuel to facilitate the energy transition is recognized, under transition fuel usually... gas, although it is not directly named there, but in general, in general, almost first of all, probably in russia, because this is precisely the narrative of russia, that gas is the cleanest of fossil fuels, references are scattered throughout the text that we must use all types of solutions to reduce emissions, including nuclear energy, including co2 capture and burial projects, which china has always insisted on on the one hand, and saudi arabia on the other. russia, among other things, constantly insists, in general, all these all these decisions, they were recognized and mentioned in the final text, which developed countries have always generally opposed, because they have always insisted that it is necessary to concentrate on the main thing , that is, on

a rollback from fossil fuels, and in parallel there is also a massive mention of the need just transition, probably this concept will be key to... well, somehow develop some mechanisms of what to do with countries that are very dependent on fossil fuels, but at the same time objectively poor, and they themselves do not have anything... they do, well, the most striking example, which was constantly mentioned at this summit, is iraq, well , in principle, the country that will host the next summit is azerbaijan, this is generally from the same series. white frustration with the english abbreviation of the climate conference cop-28, added one letter, it became cops. this is a nickname for police officers in the united states, and the phrase goes like this: all cops are bastards. emnoaldel rossa from italy. the job is called a dirty deal. on the papers it is written: final

communication of the un conference on climate change. marian kamensky from slovakia does not reduce the intensity of the struggle and draws a line under the final document of the conference. welcome to the united arab emirates. shake but do not mix. flo and ihank are a couple of artists from france with their own approach to climate, an unusual collective image. or is the bar open yet? igor, there is no feeling that these are all attractive political games, but in fact, they have no direct relationship to the climate. optimists say that if you look at what happened 10 years ago and what now? well, we are completely different worlds from the point of view of the development of green technologies, their dissemination, and so on. but suffice it to say that in the fifteenth year, when it was in paris. taken, these are the measures that were announced by the countries at that time, they were

enough to maintain growth temperature, by about 4°, well, 3.5-4° there, those measures that are now announced by countries, which with a high degree of probability will be implemented, because these are short-term promises, in general have not yet been implemented for the most part, and this already 2.8°, that is, well, a shift. colossal even over the past 8 years, on the other hand, the pessimist will say and will also be absolutely right that degrees , preferably even one and a half degrees celsius, up to one and a half degrees in general, like to the moon , absolutely, now, and uh, that is, i would say that the pace green transformation of the world economy, they are sufficient to change the entire world economy, which in general is already gradually happening, but not enough to solve it. the actual task that stands within this process. okay, then another question:

the other day everyone was discussing the report of the deputy head of the imf, she pre-advertised economic fragmentation and the cold war. this is quite atypical for such institutions; in fact, they should radiate optimism. how should we approach this? the global economy is on the brink of a new cold war, with which are the main opponents. the united states and china will speak, said deputy head of the international monetary fund gita gapinath at the world congress of the international economic association in colombia. today, the economist believes, just like 70 years ago, an ideological and economic confrontation is unfolding, but it is taking place in new conditions, a deeply integrated , connected global economy. against the backdrop of a pandemic, the escalation of the conflict in ukraine and growth. tensions between china and the us are changing and global economic

relationship. the interests of national security and the protection of domestic markets come to the fore. many countries are producing more and more products on their own and are concentrating on developing relations with countries with which they already have stable ties. thus, after several years of tension in relations, china ceased to be the united states' largest trading partner. she took on this role . mexico's share of us imports fell to 13% in the first half of this year from 22% in the same period in 2018. there is geo-economic fragmentation with shifts in established bilateral trade relations. trade growth has slowed across the board since the conflict in ukraine began, but the decline between blocs with political differences is noticeable. russia and china

, in the west, the united states and the european union, and trade between them will cease, global losses could amount to 2.5% of gdp, but in some countries they can reach developing countries and emerging markets, and although some of them are in the early stages fragmentation will be able to do something. in full scale everyone will lose the cold war. further fragmentation of the global economy will make it difficult to solve common problems like climate change or the use of artificial intelligence. and its negative consequences will outweigh the benefits of domestic economic stability and security and will reverse almost three decades of peace, integration and growth that have lifted billions of people out of poverty, it is indeed a bit of a warning that is generally delivered in

a very unusual time for these, well these institutions in a form that... follows from the fact that they really understand that if everything is like this - it continues in the future, then this will incur, well, colossal economic costs, that is, if the strategic rivalry in the economy of the leading powers continues to occur virtually without rules, as is now being implemented, yes, without some kind of arbitrage, then well , this will lead to significant consequences for the economy, including the economy. developed countries, which in general is also quite clearly reflected in the report, this is really a warning, well, taking into account the contrast between what usually comes out from the imf and what it sounds like now, well, the warning is quite convincing, but as for how it will be received further, i have

doubts that it will somehow be fully accepted, well maybe this erosion of the rules is even... beneficial for us, we are not happy that the rules were drawn up without us, this is a question related to the discussion, this order is based on rules, it is based on whose rules the question is, who writes these rules, of course, these rules were written by the west during for a very long time, in the sense that, probably, this order has naturally, in general, entered into some kind of crisis, well, in general , there is some kind of opportunity here for countries that were not previously allowed.

yes, these will be blocs, but still they must be open to each other and their competition must be controlled and subject to certain rules, and such a world will probably be more prosperous, more inclusive, more sustainable than the world of hyperglobalization, but for now we are from this world in in general, it cannot be said that we are much

closer to it than - when - there was an order based on... thank you, igor makarov spoke about the climate conference. we call the gulf persian, although the arab monarchies do not agree with this. but iran is not only there on the other side, it is also increasing its capabilities, despite the sanctions, which are already five decades old. regardless of how they are treated, but what is of genuine interest today, for sanctioned iran, digital assets have acquired strategic importance, becoming an instrument of foreign trade in conditions of isolation from the global banking system. today, the country has a growing number of companies that provide a safe and, most importantly, legal platform for buying and selling cryptocurrencies.

ter employs 150 traders and cryptocurrency experts.

in places even remote from cities, where special sources of electricity may be needed, although mining of digital currency in iran is already legalized, paying with crypto is not yet allowed. the essence of the main law in the field of cryptocurrencies comes down to the fact that nothing should not replace the iranian currency realp. then should be carried out with the real, this is normal, all countries strive to strengthen their national currencies and rejects everything that is, all major transactions within the country can threaten their stability. but as for transactions outside the country, the use of cryptocurrencies is not only allowed, but even encouraged by the government. when, due to strict western sanctions, iran was unable to use the dollar and euro in foreign trade, digital currency came to its aid. last year market capitalization digital currencies in the world were estimated at accounted for by iran; according to experts, at the moment, in conditions of small capitalization

, cryptocurrency can only partially serve iran’s foreign trade. cryptocurrencies can be used not only to circumvent sanctions, but also for micropayments, they are already being widely used for this purpose. facing similar pressure from the west, russia. is considering using digital coins for two-way use. iran, russia and many other countries are working on a stable coin, supported by national currencies. the world is moving away from the dollar to avoid us sanctions, and like-minded countries such as russia, china and iran are working to create alternative payment options. for iran, whose economy has suffered more than others from western sanctions, cryptocurrency.

for this country with the most fun barracks in the socialist camp. there is just a new pan-director in poland. the sejm expressed confidence in the left-liberal cabinet of donald tusk. he

has already announced a new era: warsaw will become the flagship of the eu, and will dramatically improve relations with kyiv. things were sour on both fronts under the conservatives. we don't need to worry. nothing will change in relations with russia. it won't get better, but it can't get any worse. although, how can i say, after all, the post of minister of foreign affairs from mr. donald was taken by mr. radek, radoslaw sikurski, who had already headed the defense and externally, thanks to the united states , in response to the explosion of the northern flows, so let’s not despair, there is always something worse. it’s not for nothing that the great pole stanislav jazelec said: “finally i reached the bottom, then there was a knock from below.” it was an international review see you! belbeevsky 11580 per piece when

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