our broadcast will continue with the third series of the film eurasia, the abc of general history, about the development of the countries of the continent from ancient times to the present. the caucasus is below me, alone in the heights, i stand above the snow at the edge of the rapids, an eagle rising from a distant peak.

tales of the narts are the cornerstone of the caucasian world, in the stone is the main meaning and secret of the caucasus, it is from the stone that the favorite, the nart, the hero, was born, exiled, from the stone the sacred mountains of the caucasus, elbrus and kazbey. caucasian prometheans, nasren pharmat, are chained to them. on top of the sacred mount ororat, the savior rests, but in the ark. the stone is a symbol of power and longevity. stone masonry was used to strengthen mountain slopes and improve springs. towers, talmens, and necropolises were built from stone.

and gromats, there is skinny moss, dry bushes, and there are already groves, green canopies, where birds chirp, where deer jump, and there people nest in the mountains and sheep crawl along the grassy rapids, and the shepherd does not... go to

the merry ones valleys where the oragva rushes in the shady banks, and the beggar rider lurks in the gorge, where the terik plays in... the cell plays and howls like a young beast, having seen food from an iron cage, beats against the shore in useless hostility, and licks the cliffs with a hungry wave; there is no food or joy for it at all. "it is pressing menacingly, we are not

the masses. living side by side with the caucasians, the russian cossacks learned to wage war without rules and uniforms, a whole series of caucasian items became firmly entrenched in military life, some of them were inherited by the caucasians from the arab turks, so the attire of warriors is an example true eurasian ammunition, great cultural exchange well, let's delve into the caucasian section of the alphabet. general history. cherkeska - a fitted , swinging, single-breasted caftan. from the first half of the 19th century, the circassian coat became part of the uniform of the russian cossack army and even the imperial convoy. burka is a sleeveless

felt cloak, often with horsehair weaving . the ideal body armor for checkers combat. they wrapped themselves in a burka during hostility. in soviet times, a hat was worn by a colonel, general and marshal, an officer of the highest rank. checker. it is believed that the word saber comes from the adeghe word “sashkho”, a long knife. first checker borrowed from the circassians by the terek, kuban

and danish cossacks. already in the 19th century, the saber replaced the turkish saber from the russian arsenal. having lived to see the great patriotic war,... it became the last bladed weapon in history to be massively used in battle. have you thought about who a cossack is? perhaps this word has the same root as kazakh. kazakhs were the name given to the horsemen who left the uluz, the free people. so, after all, runaway peasants went to the cossacks through the sionaria. desperate heads. along with caucasian clothes, cossacks and bukharians also sewed clothes. in every caucasian estate there was a place where any, even blood feud, subsided. having crossed the threshold twice,

the guest became a kunak, counted among his relatives or best friends, for whom he could give his life. the kunaches helped to extinguish interethnic conflicts and establish. trade cooperation, the word kunak is present in various variants in many caucasian turgic languages. kunatskaya. here , under the leadership of the senior toastmaster , jokes were not told, but the ancient ritual of a meal was performed. here they shared news, solved important issues, competed in eloquence, singing, dancing, high hospitality in the caucasus is the same today. unshakable, like a joint, elbrus is oorrad. there is so much interesting here, in life itself, on the streets, in the markets, in the gardens. we found one self-taught painter. they say he is very

poor and writes for pennies, signs and so on, but he is a truly brilliant person. if i manage to meet him, i will certainly invite him to our exhibition next year. remained largely unknown only in his native tbilis, if not for russian artists, avant-garde artists, tyu and the danevichi brothers, kirill and ilya, it was they who took his works to an exhibition in moscow in 1913.

for 3 days the shaman does not eat animal food , after waiting for a special phase of the moon, he begins the ritual, leading the sacrificial animal to the heavenly chambers, the shaman tans its skin, selects a tree for the beater and beater, a willow, cedar, sound, arrows, a knife, from the outside , symbols of the three worlds, heavenly, earthly, underground,

signs of the great cycle of life. a graduate of the surikov school, boris molchanov, was one of those for whom academic education became the beginning of the return. the heroes of his paintings are reindeer herders, hunters, fishermen, living nature often penetrated into the artist’s paintings, wood and bone, suede and leather, worn out, smoked by the centers of summer plagues, flesh from the flesh of his native land, revelation, an encounter with a miracle.

the same revelation was for vladimir arsenyev, a researcher of the usuri region, when he met the nanai hunter dersu uzala. the illiterate taiga from the eastern edge of eurasia became a friend of the russian officer and even a teacher in relation to his neighbor, to nature, to the world. arseniev belonged to the philosophy of dersu and his fellow tribesmen. with interest and deepest respect, he called the taiga people primitive communists. arseniev wrote a book for aders. in 1975, japanese director akiro kurasawa made a film based on it, which won an oscar. it turns out that why, pushing off from the urals, the novgorod governors, the cossack detachment of ermak timofeevich and ivan moscow, went to the east.

the north belongs to the same families as the languages ​​spoken by the chinese, mongols, kyrgyz, kazakhs, and many other peoples. waves of settlers from the altai and sayan mountains, and the steppes of mongolia, manchuria from the pacific coasts of southeast asia thousands of kilometers from the arctic circle. the most striking example is the language of the yakuts, the people of sakha. in him. one can hear the polyphonic speech of a huge turkic-speaking community, from kolyma and indigirka to basphorus

and the persian gulf, yet there is a people who have surpassed all possible fantasies about the north, these are the dolgans, dolgans, or as they are also called, aristocrats, tundras, descendants of russian settlers, the youngest people of north asia. he is only a little over 100 years old, number about 8 thousand, most of the inhabitants of timer, where did the dolgans come from? the kiy family, who called themselves debts, fleeing from the collectors, yasaka, moved from central yakutia to the arctic to taimyr. here the tungus-speaking dolgans mixed with the local ivenks, other peoples who spoke samadian languages, and later with the turkic-speaking yakuts. soon

, a large russian road stretched across taimyr and the northwestern regions of yakutia; it ran along the khatonga river and connected russian villages in the lower reaches of the khenisei and lena. in khatong tract, at a distance of 30-40 km from each other , machines were built, where russian families, holders of sled reindeer, settled in log huts. visiting guests, merchants, service people, changed their tired buckle with a fresh one and continued on their way. there, on the banks of khatanga , local residents of taimyr hunted and fished. russian explorers and settlers needed useful advice and skills. friendships were formed and marriages were made. already in the 17th century , a new ethnonym appeared in official documents of the siberian administration:

zatundrin peasants. they became founders of a new people, debts. the dalgan easter, a product of a synthesis of cultures , is notched on a walrus bone, these are christian holidays, next to them are drawings, deer, birds, these are signs of the annual cycle of the taimyr tundra. people knew that the reindeer season had begun, wait for cover, calving had begun, fedoysen day was approaching, the swans were molting , and the day was just around the corner. a new ethnic group, a new house, a centuries-old tent made of shosts and reindeer skins, thanks to russian influence, was replaced by a rectangular shell on runners with an iron stove inside, modeled on the wagons that raced along the khatonsky tract. now, when moving to a new place, there was no need to dismantle the tent and reassemble it again, a light and warm frame

house, covered with calico on the inside, skins on the outside, the entire reindeer was easily... new way of life, new costume. traditionally , russians covered northern fur clothing with cloth. it not only gave the clothes strength, it could be embroidered with beads and colored threads. the dolgan ancestors did this. following the evenks, buying beads, russian from the russians, chinese from the yakuts. russian merchants also brought pavloposad shawls. dolgans were exchanged fur scarves were decorated. they are suits, both women's and men's. add to this the exquisite silver jewelry of yakut jewelers, and you will agree that dalgan was called the aristocrats of the tundra.

this iwadros, a student at the st. petersburg academy of arts from ethiopia, is an icon painter. in his work he uses azure, or as they say in russia, cabbage roll, paint made from crushed afghan lapis lazuli. azure in christianity and islam, the color of holiness and purity, the color of the celestial sphere.

petimurids, such an abundance of azure. semurg - iranian prophetic bird, easy flew from the persian tradition to the turkic one. once simurgh and lesya margl were included in the pantheon of pagan gods of prince vladimir. then, as a pan-eurasian, western-eastern folklore character, he was placed at the dmitrov cathedral in vladimir, and from there he moved to the field.

in 1945, the marshal of beetles victory parade. ognyadoy akhaltykin is a national treasure of turkmenistan; today it adorns the coat of arms of this country. the sacred image of the horse is rooted in christianity. on orthodox icons, fiery miracle horses carry the prophet elijah to heaven. horses symbolize divine gifts on the icons of frol and laurus. patrons of horses, sitting on a horse, slays a snake, saint george the victorious, and these, not to mention the horse, are the heroes of fairy tales of all the peoples of eurasia. drinking tea in

uzbekistan is an indispensable ritual of hospitality. always ready in any rural home. dastarkhan is a tablecloth that is spread on the carpet. sugar candies, grape sugar crystals, apricot pits baked in the hall, and flat cakes are placed on it. some argue that tea entered turkistan with the mongols. this not this way. tea came to uzbekistan thanks to russia, and quite late, in the 17th century. russia has become one in europe. of the tea party pioneers. first , russian sovereigns tried the tea on themselves. alexey mikhailovich and mikhail fedovich took it as a healing decoction, and

already in 1679 an agreement on constant tea supplies was signed with china. at first , not everyone had the opportunity to indulge in tea. in the 18th century, a pound of caravan tea in moscow was equal in value. 50 kg of granular caviar, and this is not a joke, the tea trade is truly widespread unfolded under catherine i. kyakhta, a small village in transbaikalia on the border with mongolia, turned into an important transshipment and trading point. since 1880 , samara-ufa and yekaterinburg-tyumen began to function. railways, tea delivery time has sharply decreased, and the price has decreased. the main center of russian tea

concessions in china was the city of honkou. from here begins the great tea route that went through kyakhta. large trading warehouses of tea companies were located in samarkandi, conveniently located on the railway. from here tea was transported to other cities of turkestan. in soviet times, our eurasia already produced its own tea, georgian, azerbaijani,

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the destruction of soviet troops in the kursk area, preparations for the offensive last for 3 months , the direction is a difficult direction, he says, i’m coming to you for help, attention to all personnel, attention to the composition, we’re starting to move, we’re starting to move, your task is to deliver combat touch clinics, technique, personnel, it depends what anyone is there. also here, oh, immediately the sight appeared, the guys who are the crew are anti-terrorist, it turns out that they will complete the task here, then they go to the bam, with the bam, accordingly, again there is a constant rotation, they walked in a circle, the machine gunner, because the healthiest, the most first, suspicious activity, give a tip on the use of artillery weapons.

upon arrival at the site of destruction, report the results, who are you, wandering musicians, we do not have a bright leader, a legendary musical quartet and... beloved troubodour, this is my group, hello my notes, lime, where have you been before, why have i never seen you, i fell in love with the princess, but the king interferes with our love, we can’t do without deception, i’m with you , they palaces, tempting vaults, will never replace freedom, it is gone, call your son, accepted, grab them! the fairy tale

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