the rescript on the founding of a new city on the site of the village of khadzhibey is stored in the russian state historical archive in st. petersburg. the name odessa will appear in the official papers of the empress a year later. it was established in memory of the ancient greek colony of odessas, which once existed on the shores of the black sea. and a military port. wanting to expand russian trade on the black sea and respecting the advantageous position of gadzhebey, the many benefits associated with sleep, we considered it necessary to build a military harbor there, a shopping area with a pier for merchant ships. the structure of this harbor.

we entrusted it to vice admiral daribas, given in tsarskoye selo on the twenty-seventh day of may 1794 . thus, we see with you the first document about the founding of odessa. during the reign of emperor alexander ii , french emigrants who fled the revolution made a huge contribution to the development and improvement of odessa.

educational institutions, the odessa public library created by varontsov, to which he donated his own collection of books, became the second most established in russia after petersburg the name of alexander sergeevich pushkin occupies a special place in the history of odessa. the great russian poet lived in south palmyra for 13 months, starting in july 1823. here he wrote two and a half chapters of the novel eugene onegin. the poem gypsies, the bahcesarai fountain was completed, dozens of poems were created. at that time, most of the paved sidewalks in odessa were not yet covered.

pushkin’s day in odessa began with sea swimming, strong oriental coffee, fresh newspapers, which were then allowed into the city uncensored. the poet dined at caesar otho's restaurant, ordering oysters and fine wine, and in the evenings he attended the opera or casino. 700 rubles a year, which was assigned to him in the office.

century, the inhabitants of odessa erected a monument to pushkin in the city. during the crimean war, the city had to fight for the first time with foreign conquerors. in the spring of 1854.

an anglo-french squadron of 28 ships approached odessa. the european interventionists demanded that all russian ships be handed over to them, but they received them. he only had four guns and 30 personnel. the unequal

battle lasted 6 hours. during this time , shchogolev's subordinates disabled four enemy ships with accurate shooting. having lost all their guns, they crossed the neighboring battery. for this feat, all lower ranks were presented with st. george's crosses. alexander shchogolev himself was awarded the order of st. george, fourth degree, and promoted to headquarters with captain, passing two ranks, second lieutenant lieutenant. this is the core found on the sixth battery. retribution for the shelling of odessa overtook the enemies

in 20 days. during reconnaissance, not far from the city, the english steam frigate tiger ran aground. russian artillery fire. forced his team to lower the flag and surrender. having removed the steam engine and weapons from the tiger, our soldiers blew up the english ship. since then, one of the captured tiger cannons has decorated the seaside boulevard of odessa.

by the beginning of the 20th century, thanks to the generous favors and patronage of the russian emperors, odessa turned into one of the most rapidly developing and comfortable cities in russia. driver compiled in 1910 grigory moskvich reported: “odessa ranks fourth among the cities of the russian empire. ahead of it are two capitals - st. petersburg and moscow, and the former capital of poland - warsaw. thus, over the 115 years

of its existence, odessa, with its half a million population, has taken first place among provincial cities of russia. the russian revolution radically changed the fate of odessa. the bolsheviks, by a strong-willed decision, included the entire novorossiya and donbass into the ukrainian ussr they established.

the guru of karl marx in 1965 at this place erected a monument in honor of the rebels:

during the soviet era, odessa retained its status as one of the most important industrial cultural centers of the vast country. in may 1965, she was among the first to be awarded the honorary title of hero city. after the war, the famous odessa court. was restored with the help of the whole country. by the nineties of the last century, the black sea shipping industry had become one of the largest in the world. it consisted of about 400 fishing and trading ships. with independent ukraine, there was only one ship left. many popular soviet films were shot at the famous

odessa film studio, among them the meeting place cannot be changed, d'artagnan - the three musketeers, adventure, electronics and many others. in the early seventies, the first festival of laughter and humor was held in odessa, after which the city acquired its own status. smart and cheerful in the ussr. the names of many natives of odessa are inscribed in golden letters in domestic and world culture. among them is the outstanding pianist emil gillels. violinist david oistrakh, writer.

among the famous natives of odessa, special the place belongs to anna andreevna akhmatova. fate was unusually cruel to this brilliant woman and great russian poet. most of her creative life occurred during one of the most tragic periods of russian history. the first world war, revolution, civil war, famine, extrajudicial repression and executions. and finally, the second world war. leningrad blockade. in total , anna akhmatova's poems were not published in the soviet

union for more than 20 years, but until the end of her days she remained faithful to the free russian word and his long-suffering homeland. anna andreevna akhmatova passed away on march 5 , 1966 and was buried here at the komarovskoye village cemetery. today. no one remembers the names of the persecutors of the great poet, nor those resolutions in which akhmatova’s poems were branded as unprincipled and alien to soviet people. her poetry forever remained one of the brightest and most unattainable peaks of russian literature. in february 1942, she wrote the famous poem courage. in the russian state archive background documents, a unique record has been preserved.

a poignant hymn to the people's feat, read by anna andreevna akhmatova herself. we know what is now on the scales and what is happening now. the hour of courage has struck on our watch, and courage will not leave us. it’s not scary to lie down dead under bullets, it’s not scary to remain homeless, we will save you, russian. we will carry the whole great russian word with us free and pure, we will give it to our grandchildren and we will save us from captivity forever. kolya, what, how to get out of this

dugout? break the wall! odessa resident leonid osipovich utesov became the first in the country. pop performer, awarded the title of people's artist of the ussr. during the war, with money raised by the musicians of his orchestra, two la-5f fighters were built and presented to our pilots. and the song “odessa bear”, performed by him in 1942, became one of the most beloved songs of the “defenders of the homeland.” and this means that you are not afraid of grief, not a troubled sailor, a bear, a sailor never cries and never loses courage,

may 2, 2014. odessa shuddered from terrible pain on this day, a crowd of ukrainian radicals staged a bloody massacre on the streets of the city a massacre that ended in a monstrous sacrifice. dozens of odessa residents who opposed the maidan authorities were burned alive in the house of trade unions, on the kulikovo field. ukrainian nationalists set fire to the building. those who tried to escape were beaten with rebar, sticks and iron chains. glory to ukraine, almost all those who died that day were residents of odessa or the odessa region aged from 17 to 70 years.

they were killed because... they did not agree to renounce the russian language, native to native odessa residents, and did not want to live according to the laws bandera cave nationalism. in the city this sacrifice will be called odessa khatyn. the ukrainian authorities will do everything to prevent an objective investigation into the tragedy. as a result, none of the killers of their leaders will suffer any punishment. constriction.

will cease to be odessa. in april 1944 , on the eve of the liberation of odessa from european occupiers, soviet pilots dropped leaflets over the city containing these words. comrades from odessa and odessa women, units of the red army are coming to you, to the treasured pearl of sea, odessa, the joyful hour is near. meeting, we have never forgotten you, we have never imagined our homeland without odessa, our odessa, outside our homeland, the germans feel your enmity and hatred of them, and they are afraid of it, let the bastards be afraid of it even more. hello, fellow odessa residents and women, see you soon! calm lemans, green chestnuts.

they will also hear the rustle of unfurled banners when the tired battalion comes back, walking like a chicana, into beautiful odessa, having planted roses on the ground, a sign of their return, our boy i can’t hold back my tears, but no one will say

, it seems to me that my grandfather is hiding something,

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the federation carried out 41 group one massive strikes with high-precision weapons from unmanned aerial vehicles on the decision-making center, objects of the military-industrial complex of ukraine, military airfield infrastructure, and arsenal fuel depots. in addition, strikes were carried out at points of deployment of units of the armed forces of ukraine, formations of nationalists of foreign mercenaries. all designated targets are hit. over the past week in kupyansko. direction, units of the western group of forces, 18 attacks of the armed forces of ukraine were repelled , aviation strikes and artillery fire defeated enemy personnel and equipment in the areas of the settlements of ivanovka, berestovoye, vishnevoye, kupyansk, peschanaya, petropavlovka, senkovka, terny, timkovka of the kharkov region, novosyolovskaya and stolmakhovka of the lugansk people's republic. enemy losses in this direction amounted to over 480.

four enemy attacks were repelled, defeat was caused by the accumulation of manpower of the ukrainian armed forces in populated areas chervonaya debrova, lugansk people's republic, torskaya, gregorovka, donetsk people's republic and serebryansky forestry. enemy losses in this direction amounted to over 690 military personnel killed and wounded, two tanks, 11 armored combat vehicles, 24 vehicles, as well as five field artillery guns in

donetsk. direction, units of the southern group of forces, supported by aviation and artillery fire, repelled nine enemy attacks. losses of the ukrainian armed forces over the past period in this direction amounted to over 1,990 military personnel killed and wounded, four tanks, 17 armored combat vehicles, including two bradley infantry fighting vehicles, 64 vehicles and 26 field artillery guns. in the yuzhedonetz direction , units of the vostok group of forces. five enemy attacks were repelled, aviation strikes and artillery fire inflicted fire damage on units of the armed forces of ukraine in the areas of the settlements of vodyanoye, makarovka, poroskovievka, staromayorskaya, ugledar, urozhaynaya of the donetsk people's republic and priyutnaya of the zaporozhye region. enemy losses in this direction amounted to over 950 military personnel, 12 armored combat vehicles, 27 vehicles and 17

field artillery pieces in the zaporozhye direction, units of russian troops repelled an enemy attack north of the settlement of novoprokopovka, zaporozhye region. in addition, fire damage was caused to manpower and equipment of the armed forces of ukraine in the areas of the settlements of verbovoye, orekhov, kamenskoye, lukyanovskaya, novodanilovka and roboteno , zaporozhye region. enemy losses on in this direction there were up to 350 wars. tyaginka, ivanovka, sadovoe and takarevka , kherson region. as a result of the actions of russian troops, the ukrainian armed forces lost

up to 225 killed and wounded in this direction. in addition, a tank, two armored combat vehicles, 28 cars, 14 boats, a launcher for the bukom-1 anti-aircraft missile system, 11 field artillery guns, an electronic warfare station and an ammunition depot were destroyed. within a week , 13 ukrainian soldiers surrendered, including eight people in the kupyansky direction. missile forces and artillery, operational-tactical strike aviation. over the past period, unmanned aerial vehicles of military groups have destroyed three launchers of the hymers and alha multiple launch rocket systems , a launcher of the s200 anti-aircraft missile system , a radar of the s-300 anti-aircraft missile system , a st-68 low-altitude target tracking radar, as well as two counter-battery radiation stations struggle,