as it seemed to me, in a state of prostration , when my father came to him, he began to convince him that there was no need to defend the tangerine groves, he had to leave, the front commander could not clearly explain where which units were, who commanded them? by order of beria, many commanders were removed from their posts, and he was recalled to moscow from all fronts... mountaineers were urgently called up to the caucasus. well-equipped sabotage groups were created from them. the supply of the army was improved. however, all these measures could not immediately turn the situation around. front. the germans sent elite units of the wehrmacht's 49th mountain rifle corps to conquer the caucasus. among them was the famous edelweiss division, considered the pride of the third reich.

it mainly recruited indigenous people from the mountainous regions of bavaria and austria. alpine jagers, as the germans called them, were trained in combat tactics in conditions of inaccessible high altitude. the germans saved their mountain special forces and did not use them in battles on the plain , even during the most difficult periods of the war. this is exactly the division that included people not from hearsay, who know what a city is.

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called, they had a special emblem on mountain cap, edelweiss, is a flower, yes , that grows high in the mountains, the preparation was very serious, preference was given to the skills of navigating in the mountains, the ability to act in small groups, very serious physical training, because practically most of the ammunition and other equipment they they carried it on themselves, because there were even areas where no mules could pass, naturally no cars there at... heights from

which the soviet positions were clearly visible. towards the germans, soviet the command sent only one rifle company. the commander of the artillery battalion of the mountain jaegers, adolf von ernsthausen, recalled: “it seemed to us that the russians did not have as much experience in high-altitude warfare as our jaeger battalion involved here. one of my officers climbed the rock wall with a walkie-talkie and settled there so high that he could barely why not look at the russians in their soup pot, count the enemy head by head and spend hours adjusting the fire of the batteries from your cozy nest. captain alexander gusikh

stated with bitterness. our soldiers suffered a sad fate. pursued by the enemy, they ended up in side gorges ending in steep snowy cliffs. why are passes bad? passes are bad because, firstly, you need to get to them, and secondly, they are very convenient to defend, that is, the battalion may not allow the regiment to enter. the passes are narrow,

the passes are terribly inconvenient, plus the defending troops know the terrain, that is, the problems are very big and as soon as the delweis operation. which meant precisely taking under control of the main caucasian ridge , it generally failed, yes, they took the brain, they took everything, but it was not possible to enter the operational space, then it was decided to strike at novorossiysk, that is, this is a deviation from the main attack, but in the event of the capture of novorossiysk, a route opens along the coast in batumi, which compensates for the fact that...

by themselves, the headquarters had no connection with many units, the fighters fought heroically with the advancing enemy, but there was no connection between them, there was no single and clear defense plan, there were reserves spent. on september 9, the wehrmacht occupied

most of the western regions of novorossiysk. soviet troops retreated to the eastern shore of tsemes bay. the last line of defense. october and the proletarian passed by the walls of the cement factories. german troops stormed it, regardless of losses. in one of the freight cars that blocked the path of the nazis, 10,000 bullet holes would later be counted. there was not a single intact tree left in the area, but the germans were unable to go beyond this line . upon learning of the failure of the offensive, hitler suspended welgel malist.

hitler appoints adolf hitler as commander of the army group. that is, at that time, adolf hitler is the commander of army group a and personally directs the actions of army group a from his headquarters. probably, after all, one of the main strategic mistakes of the germans was the personal initiative of hitler, who, as you and i know, headed the defense headquarters and, not being a military man, very often, let’s say, made voluntary decisions, to put it mildly. yes, that he divided this group into two directions, he is from the group that should

was to storm the northern caucasus and go there further, further, he singled out a group and sent it to stalingrad, this dispersal of forces is considered by many experts to be fatal for the germans from the point of view of the battle for the caucasus. in the occupied territories of the caucasus, the nazis tried with all their might to incite national hatred and form detachments. even before the outbreak of world war ii, german

intelligence services established close ties with political emigrants from transcaucasia. in 1941, the armenian azerbaijani and georgian legions were formed from them. they wore wehrmacht uniforms with special stripes. in total , about 100 thousand people joined these formations during the war years. north caucasus, the germans launched a powerful propaganda campaign. five newspapers were published in national languages ​​for local residents in germany. special organizations were also created, such as the north caucasian national committee, which, under the control of the abwehr, recruited local residents. in august 1942 , from among muslim prisoners of war, the following were formed: volga-tatar and north caucasian legions, which the germans sent to fight in france, holland and

italy. according to official soviet data, in the period from 1941 to 1943 , 965 gangs of groups created by enemy agents were destroyed in the north caucasus. the population of the north caucasus, it occupied different positions, that is, there was... in 1943, stalin ordered the deportation

of those peoples of the caucasus who, in his opinion, did not sufficiently support soviet power. in total , over half a million people were forcibly deported to central asia. those who survived would be allowed to return to their homeland only in the late fifties. during the great patriotic war, in the ranks of the red army. over 2 million natives of the caucasus served, the mountaineers fought the nazis on all fronts, from the black sea to the baltic, some went to war with their entire families, the whole country knew about the feat of the seven gazdanov brothers from the ossetian village of dzuarikau. the brothers were not destined to return home. their parents, asakhmat and tasso gazdanov, could not survive this persecution. the mother's heart stopped after the third funeral.

the brothers' father died on the doorstep of the house, having received news of the death of the last seventh son. during the german occupation , about 200 partisan detachments operated in the caucasus. in chechnya alone , 18,000 volunteers signed up for the people's militia. in azerbaijan , tens of kilograms of gold and almost a ton of silver were collected for the needs of the army. hundreds of thousands of caucasians built defensive lines. in the fall of 1942, they dug 660 km of ditches, which is approximately half of the total length of the caucasus mountains. by the end of october 1942, the german the offensive in the caucasus finally fizzled out. gathering all their forces, the germans decided to deliver

a decisive blow to ardzhanikidze and take the georgian military road that led.

the number of troops, to pull up , to use the relief conditions, the terrain conditions, the germans , as always, had very stretched lines of communication, they did not receive oil, and what is most important, the germans did not receive warehouses, because the purpose of the kleist when it beat parzhanikza, was to capture the clan

of fuel, he ran out of it, and the german commanding, that's what's wrong? also the planning of the namet command, it was already then that later in 44-45 it would be everywhere, planning an operation based on fuel that would be captured from the enemy, which in itself was nonsense planned, here he was also present such planning, they did not captured. in november 1942, an american delegation led by the personal representative of the president visited north ossetia. usa roosevelt patrick jay hurley. he became the first foreigner to whom moscow allowed visit the battle zone on the soviet-german front. having visited the positions near the villages of dzuarikau and allaagir, hurley said: “where do soviet soldiers get the strength to fight well? pay attention to how stubborn the battle they

are withstanding. there are few of them, but how strong they are in spirit, they are confident in their... ". victory: yes, these are excellent soldiers, real warriors. in the caucasian direction, the germans are starting to have very big problems with the fact that they absolutely do not have enough troops. the distances are large, even if there are not very many soviet troops there are many, but there are not enough of our own troops. plus difficult terrain, difficult landscape. the german troops fell into a trap that was known from the beginning, that is, when advancing to the caucasus, they ended up with something like this.

we underestimated the russians and mistakenly assumed their resistance was broken. now they stood here, quite ready to repel the advance of our division, which

before that could bring the devil himself out of hell. during the offensive, soviet troops advanced 400 km. in february 1943 , the liberation of novorossiysk began. soviet paratroopers landed. on the western coast of tsimes bay. they managed to recapture a small piece of land with an area of ​​28 km. the marines called it little earth. they held this bridgehead for 225 days. at the same time, soviet divisions approached the taman peninsula. here the germans erected a well- fortified defensive line. her assault continued for several months. on october 9 , 1943, the remnants of nazi troops were evacuated to crimea. the battle for the caucasus was victoriously completed. in principle,

the collapse of the german front was coming. and what kleist managed to withdraw army group a from the caucasus, this, in general, was even appreciated by hitler. hitler, in principle, never had anyone...

germany could no longer conduct major offensive operations. its allies turkey and japan finally abandoned plans to attack the soviet union. german general kurt von tipelskerch wrote. the result of the offensive was amazing. the prestige of germany in the eyes of its allies was greatly shaken, because at the same time in north africa.

therefore it had to end in victory, and they didn’t just fail to achieve this , they didn’t just stop, as they stopped in the moscow region, that is, they were thrown back, but they were able to slow down, here, in general, they were able to slow down only on the mius, that is, relatively speaking, they returned to the positions that were before the start of the campaign, that is, the company, the entire company of the forty-second year turned out to be a failure, if the annual wehrmacht company failed, this means that this is a turning point. in the battle for the caucasus, 276 thousand soviet soldiers and officers died. in 1944

, a medal for the defense of the caucasus was established. she was awarded 870,000 people, about 300 natives of the caucasus and transcaucasia were awarded the title of hero of the soviet union. cities. the day of the defeat of german troops in the caucasus, october 9, in 2020 was declared the day of military glory of russia.

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