"firstly, i learned the russian language well, i participated in events such as subbotniks, and it was a great experience when we went to collect vegetables together with our teachers, sometimes i really miss this, i also went to construction brigades, and for us it was a very important way to earn extra money, as for the soviet socialist reality, i believe that it was a great achievement, in the soviet union there was high-quality education, free medicine and healthcare.

we were not entirely sure how it would be what south africa would look like in the future, the anc was oriented towards socialism, a socialist future, the task of radically transforming the country should have fallen on us.

will change a lot, he will become an adviser to the ministry of health, but in the end he will be able to give his country much less than he expected when he went to study in the ussr. unfortunately, neoliberal ideas turned out to be very strong; they determined the vector of development. our ideas and views were no longer relevant. it's very sad, but we found ourselves unclaimed after everything educational experience gained. many have never been able to use them in the new south africa we are building. they found themselves in an environment where prejudice already existed against them, in other words, they were under pressure, and this pressure created problems. the anc carried out internal restructuring at the international level, looking for new allies, because their main ally, the ussr, had already collapsed, and a new russia was beginning to emerge.

person a better life for all, an unchanged slogan for the last decades, party members continue to fight for beautiful words turn the slogan into reality. millions in ur still live below the poverty line and the unemployment rate is 30%.

the first military specialists from the ussr appeared in angola in november 1975, immediately after portugal, where

the carnation revolution took place and as a consequence of the fall of the dictatorship, was forced to grant its former colonies long-awaited independence. there are many shots where our military advisers, translators with weapons, they had to be under fire, go into attacks, and die, among other things, these are our guys showed courage, courage and raised units to attack by example. the official name of the mission with which nineteen- year-old bosun sergei grigoriev arrived in angola in 1977 is maintaining peace and tranquility in the region. we, driven by the idea of ​​helping international people,

went with a light heart to provide assistance. and unfortunately, not all of this assistance passed without losses; there were wounded and killed. crippled, but why? we didn’t have such questions; if we were told that we needed to do it, we went and did it. angola for the majority the soviet military arrived for the first time abroad in their lives; they had little idea of ​​what exactly awaited them there. we enter wolandiyskaya bay, the fog is very strong , nothing is visible, 5:00 in the morning, suddenly the fog clears, and we see in front of us the capital of a foreign

state with very tall buildings with advertising, which was very surprising for us then, a magnificent embankment. and without saying a word, he shoots, only bloody nicks remain on the wall. after gaining independence, three people were at the helm of angola.

national liberation movements: mpla, which was supported by the ussr and cuba, unito, which received military support from the united states and the apartheid regime of south africa and the fnla, oriented toward the united states. france, zaire and other western countries. the fnla and unito, having actually formed a coalition, sought to eliminate the mpla from the political arena by military means. after recognizing angola, we naturally sent a fairly large group of military advisers, which helped a lot in repelling an attack from the south. with the experience of our advisors, with the courage of the cuban soldier.

a lot of people died there; among our specialists there were much more casualties than in previous and subsequent years. the angolans themselves said that this is our stalingrad , because in fact the small town of quita on the quit river, it became, well, practically stalingrad, where everything was completely destroyed, bombed, destroyed by artillery shelling, but nevertheless people held on, went on the attack , retreated, but in the end, the south africans realized that this would not lead to anything good, because their... troops, with the support of mercenaries, were losing a lot a lot of people, although we also had

quite serious losses, here, i mean, not only among the soviet mission, but among the cubans, among the angolans, and this is an indicator that we did not just provide assistance, but we sent our best sons there, for the ussr it was a war for political influence. angola was seen by the soviet leadership as an outpost of socialism in africa. it was supposed to become our enclave in the southern part of the mainland and could resist the economically powerful ur, which supported the united states. it is the fight against imperialism, because any free territory, no man's territory, quickly became subject territory. capitalists, americans, british, french, and we

are conquering these territories, among other things , so that our camp, the camp of our supporters, grows with new countries as quickly as possible. the sailors were entrusted with a special mission: the ships of the soviet navy , among other things, escorted soviet cuban ships that were transferring cuban troops to the vongola and... could not allow it, because cuba - a small state, and the soviet union is a block in world politics and we could

not allow anyone to say anything about us, therefore there were no our military units, large military units, formations in angola, only advisers, only specialists, cuban pilots flew with ours on combat missions , bombings, air battles,

our military ensign was captured, by the way, under queen queen navali, they took him prisoner, they tortured him for a very long time, literally, figuratively, so that he would confess, what he a soviet citizen, the entire capitalist bloc would create a scandal that we are fighting , they are not fighting, although all the weapons and mercenaries were american and british, from all over...

thereby misleading the enemy, when we arrived in angola, we were prohibited it was said that and my wife too, when - the newspaper really published that there were no soviet military personnel in angola, she asked her, where is my husband then? but then, when there was an order from the minister of defense that military operations were underway in angola, like afghanistan, angola and a number of other states, then it was only possible to say that military

advisers were there. nikolai ivanovich tulov arrived in angola in 1976 with the task of forming an infantry brigade in the south of the country, near the border with namibia. within a year he had to learn portuguese from scratch. well, for example, when there is an air raid, aerio, or , say, altu. eke, and to the cities. when i arrived directly at the brigade, it was in the stage of deployment , i met my sub-council chief of staff of the brigade, he

had four classes of education, brigade commanders seven classes. action, like the united states of america. the south african republic invaded angola and advanced all the way to the capital of luanda. this anti-colonial struggle is led by the mpla. popular movement for the liberation of angola. and as a result,

especially when the soviet union delivered the bm-21. remove from the territory of angola, because the angolan army has become strong, so we are creating our own mission. some in the soviet union, especially abroad, say our military advisers were going there for a long ruble, we had no idea what we we will acquire some money, we were simply fulfilling an international duty, because

not only the military, because bridge workers, doctors were going there, and they were all fulfilling an international duty. many military and civilian specialists were sent to carry out tasks in angola with their families. nikolai ivanovich had to leave his eldest daughter in a boarding school, his youngest and his wife were getting used to the congolese military field romance. we had to teach my wife to shoot, throw a grenade, and our child to run for shelter at the command of alarm ae.

in fact, the south african republic considered it its fifth province; from 66 to actually 1990, there was a national liberation struggle for more than two decades. military translator igor ignatovich worked for 3 years in a training camp for namibian partisans, which was located in angola. swapa is a people 's organization of southwest africa, that's what it was officially called, it had a military wing which had the designation plan,

the namibian people's liberation army in these training centers for several months we trained partisans in a number of specialties: artillerymen, signalmen, medics, tank crews, after training in training centers in angola, they went to an operation in namibia, a deserted area, it’s about three hundred kilometers, 300 km across the desert, how much you need to wear take with you water, food, plus weapons, explosives, ammunition, well, everything else, radio stations, all this is a huge burden.

we saw this and we understood, so we also made every effort to prepare them efficiently, so that they would have some chance was, the camps in which soviet instructors worked were often visited by the future first president of independent namibia, sem nuyoma, he visited all the training centers, he visited the military field hospital, which was located in a shelter, we... worked in dugouts, operating rooms were in dugouts, the chambers were in dugouts, he visited repair

shops, he visited warehouses, that is , he was a man who was interested in everything, according to reviews and my personal impression, samnuyuma, an exceptionally charismatic person, and... everyone who met him in at first, we felt some kind of trust in him, and, above all, respect, of course, as a person who dedicated his life to this struggle for the independence of his people, his country. sofia shaningova is the general secretary of the svapa party, she is involved in this fight. i joined with a very young girl, i am a trained soldier of the namibian liberation army, i was in a detachment of freedom fighters who fired

rifles. in namibia, i was trained in tanzania, i walked 7.00 km from tanzania to namibia to fight shoot with this rifle. it's not easy being a woman in the army, especially at that age. we worked with the russians, we had russian instructors at military training grounds in military training camps. ak-47, ppsh machine guns, makarov, katyusha pistols, they taught us to handle them in such a way as to force us. colonists flee our country, the leaders of the liberation movement in namibia, just like once in jura, at some point decide that they cannot achieve what they want through peaceful means. the political wing was active from the beginning of the sixties, from the beginning of their formation, they switched to armed action only at the end of the sixties, or precisely from the year sixty-six, when they already

understood. we said that the un should allow namibia to have its own government without bloodshed, but they did not listen to us. then samuel nuyoma and other leaders decided to leave the country and go to the friends they trusted the most. they did this in order to organize weapons, this was the only way to resolve the conflict, which could influence the colonists to that regime. in addition to military training in field

camps in tanzania and angola, sofia. shaningova received higher education in the ussr. it wasn't my decision. i was simply sent there because we were part of that military resistance. we fought for our countries. and when you are ordered, you cannot say no to your command, we have to go. consequently, i studied in your country, in ivanovo, by profession, i am a teacher, i am a teacher of the russian language, this was my speciality.

we should understand that it is not easy for a woman to do my job, you need to be tough enough to hold a position like mine in the ruling party, in order to be chosen as a leader, the amount of knowledge that helped me achieve this i , of course, borrowed from the russian people. namibia completed its long path to independence in ninety-one, becoming officially the last liberated african colony, the last country on the continent in which the people's liberation the struggle could also end with the words spoken to patrice lumunba 30 years ago. we will show the white man what a black man can do when he works in a free country.

in june 2022, belgian authorities, 61 years after the murder, handed over the remains of patrice lumunba to a family in the congo; a gold tooth, which was kept as a trophy by an officer involved in the massacre of the prime minister, was placed in a coffin. 9 the whole country said goodbye to the legendary politician; thousands of people accompanied him from the kinshasa airport to the mausaleum. in many countries have monuments to the father, but for us it was important that ultimately the main memorial site was in his own country, in the country for which he fought, in the country for which he gave his blood and his life. for me it was to some extent.