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now about the weather in the regions of central russia , olga is eliminating the consequences of the passage of the cyclone; we’ll talk more about this with meteorologist ekaterina grigorova. ekaterina, greetings, where did the cyclone go and are there any preliminary results of the snowfall in the capital region being record-breaking, as promised? yes, the results are still preliminary, but they are already impressively accurate. the numbers will appear a little later, but the weather conditions were extremely complex. videos of the moment a car collided during a snowstorm yesterday on the m4 don highway in the moscow region are circulating on social networks. let me remind you that a total of 29 cars were wrecked, two people were killed, and 16 more were injured. in just a few hours, while cyclone olga passed through the capital region, a lot of precipitation fell. in the vdnh area 8 mm, in dolgoprudny 9, in noraminsk - 11. when we talk about the amount of precipitation, we use the word millimeters. precipitation is a liter of water over

an area of ​​1 m in the form of snow, each liter of atmospheric moisture on average turns into 1 cm of snow cover, but sometimes the snow is fine in the form of grains, then the snowdrifts grow slowly, and sometimes, like yesterday, the snow is loose, fluffy snow cover grows much faster than the average speed, for example, in moscow, 8 mm of precipitation yesterday turned into 12 cm of snow. snowfall does not stop in the orenburg region; snow formed at the exit from orenburg towards samara in the morning. a multi-kilometer traffic jam, well , the following shots are from the northern samara region: cars are driving along a snow corridor broken into a field; snowdrifts on the side of the road, in some places higher cars while blizzards were raging in russia, extreme downpours hit europe, causing football matches to be cancelled, which is generally understandable. the club's stadium in germany on wednesday would have been better suited to a water floor. well , let's open the synoptic map. no more cyclone nadine, no more cyclone olga. second cyclane overnight. the cyclone caught up with

the first one and the vortices merged into one circulation, the center, which is now over the urals. the southern urals, the black earth region, the rostov and volgograd regions remain under the influence of frontal sections, but the processes at the front no longer as active as the day before. the cyclone itself is gradually shifting to the east, wedging itself between two anticyclones. another cyclone we talked about is a cyclone in the atlantic, it floods britain and germany with rain, and this whirlwind could repeat olga’s route. onto the russian plain at the speed of a car, like its predecessors, but this will not happen. the vortex will move very slowly, so european bad weather will remain in europe, here's why: a new anticyclone is beginning to form in our north, the appearance an island of clear skies in the central region confirms this; the area of ​​high pressure will extend to the south, blocking the atlantic cyclones and at the same time increasing the influx of cold into central russia. in moscow today during the day... the low temperature is no

higher than -10 without precipitation, at night it will get colder to -18° and until the end of the week daytime temperatures will remain at -10-11, at night it will get colder and on sunday night up to 23 below zero well, according to preliminary forecasts, it will get warmer on monday. when you pick up a profit debit card, you immediately open up all the possibilities.

staged by sirius university. all conditions for research have been created there. why is it so important for modern and future generations to know ancient dna? about this in our special report. this device is called a sequinator, we use it to read and decipher, and we study genomes. they read ancient dna like a book. in fact, such dna is a kind of time capsule that carries the history of a person, the history of a population; they work with incredibly fragile and rare material that has reached through us. millennia, and even up to a million years, and maybe even up to 2 million years, and dna suitable for analysis can be isolated. who are field geneticists and why their scientific work is so important for all humanity. history is based on written sources, and

written sources actually appeared not so long ago. what exactly can you learn from ancient dna? where do scientists get samples for their historical research? and why did the country's leading geneticists, archaeologists and anthropologists join together in a consortium? here's the one our ambitious task is to build the genetic history of the peoples living on the territory of russia. elizaveta rozhdestvenskikh dons protective clothing to work in a sterile laboratory. such serious equipment is necessary to exclude the influence of external factors on the research results. we turn out to be such snowmen. elizabeth

, a geneticist at sirius university, studies ancient dna, which can be several years old. come in pollution. field of science that deals with the analysis of historical patterns deoxyribonucleic acid is called paleognetics. the term itself appeared in the middle of the last century, and projects in this direction began to actively develop relatively recently, after

certain practical experience had been accumulated. palaeognetics, due to the fact that it is at the intersection of the natural sciences and the humanities, involves a lot of people. this. and biologists, these are historians, these are archaeologists, anthropologists and this whole large scientific community, it makes a contribution, no matter how small, but it makes a contribution. according to ancient dna scientists they can trace the history of individual peoples and all of humanity, for example, find out what our ancestors ate and drank, restore their appearance, hair and eye color. find out what they were sick with, what kind of lifestyle they led, how they settled around the planet and other important information. in fact, such dna is a kind of time capsule, and which carries within itself the history of man,

the history of a population, and thanks to the fact that we can study it, we can read it, and we can find answers to those questions that were thought to be there is no answer to them... and there is no answer at all and it can't be. behind each such study is colossal, virtually jewellery, work. geneticists themselves compare the analysis of ancient samples with the deciphering of ancient books, in which many pages are missing, and those that have survived are badly damaged. just imagine that these volumes of artistic works, for example, are edited, all the text is cut into small pieces. pieces, then dump it all in a heap somewhere, so that over the course of some time it still deteriorates, that’s about the same thing, here we are, when we receive the material, we have dealing with dna. evgeniy ragaev, doctor of biological sciences, was twice awarded

the russian state prize for creating methods of genetic identification and for identifying the gene responsible for the development of alzheimer's disease. for many years he has been applying his experience to solve historical problems; it was he who put the proof point on the issue of the authenticity of the remains of the royal family, and now he is leading a major scientific project. this is our most ambitious task - to build the genetic history of the peoples living on the territory of russia, and starting, i would even i said not peoples, peoples - this is a concept that has different definitions and often causes some caution, but the genetic history of cultures, people, people, populations. in different areas of russia. as part of these

large-scale studies, a consortium was created , which included the country's leading organizations and communities in the field of genetics, archeology, anthropology, such as lomanosov moscow state university, federal research center for biotechnology, iran institute of archeology and others. at first we concentrated on the russian or eastern alignment. equipment necessary for sequencing, that is, deciphering historical dna. this

device is called a sequinator, we use it to read and decipher, and we study genomes. a sample of our dna, which we want to read, is loaded onto such a flow cell, and it is distributed throughout the cell. from such a cell we receive up to 10 billion reads, which we then analyze on computing servers and compare with each other. in these laboratories scientists directly analyze ancient samples, incredibly rare and fragile due to their age - material that is provided to them by archaeologists and anthropologists. dna preparations are preserved for thousands, even up to a million years, maybe even up to 2 million years, and dna suitable for analysis can be isolated. mainly in the so-called clean zone, where access to outsiders is strictly

prohibited. ancient dna, as we have already said, is extremely degraded, that is, these are pieces several tens of nucleotides long, it, there is very little of it, that is, we we can very easily contaminate it with dna from the surface of our skin, so all studies are carried out in special protective overalls, but not because we are afraid that something will jump onto us from this bone, but because we are very afraid that... andrey monakhov graduated from biology , where he conducted a number of important studies. we are a faculty of moscow state university and have been working in the laboratory of evgeniy ragaev for more than 10 years, under the leadership of which we force kostya to speak, to tell us their story. and dna is a kind of chronicle, which, as it turns out, is not subject to time. for example, they managed to prove that the lock of hair attached to the portrait of tsysarevich alexei, which is kept in the state historical museum, really belongs to the family of the last

russian emperor nicholas ii. well, you see this curious exhibit of ours, it is quite heavy, monumental, i would even say for such a small portrait, a gilded bronze frame, all in romanov symbols, two romanov griffins, the symbol of the royal house and the initial tsarevich alexei, the letter a under. with a royal crown. alexey nikolaevich is depicted in the uniform of the atamans of all cossack troops, and here he is 10-12 years old. experts have established that the portrait was painted after the death of the tsarevich, from his photograph or from a printed postcard, watercolor, brush by the artist vsevol dagulevich. there is his autograph on the edge, and under the glass, also in a circle. and below. under the portrait, under the glass , there is a curl of literally several dozen

light brown hairs, well, about a centimeter. evgeny lukyanov, senior researcher at the state historical museum , talks about his amazing fate exhibit. he personally found it many years ago in storage. the portrait had no accompanying description, and the keepers knew nothing about it. we did not have. after some time, evgeniy managed to reliably find out that the watercolor entered the museum’s collections from belgrade in 1947. but one more question remained: who actually owned rusy lockon in the capsule directly under the image of the tsarevich. and in 2015, i contacted the institute of genetics, russian

academy of sciences, they took samples of three hairs during... archaeological expeditions in different parts russian federation and in the south in the north and in the west and in the east, they bring a large amount of archaeological material, this gives us the opportunity, as they say, to immediately analyze these monuments in order to trace various important things, including for

archaeologists, these objects from the oglakhty burial ground, it... is located on the territory of modern khakassia, not far from the capital of the republic, the city of abakan. the ancient archaeological site was discovered in 1902, and a year later the first excavations began, and here on the table are just some of those very early finds: the right leg of a teenager, samples were also taken from him to understand what age it is, whether it is a girl or a boy, in addition, here... and braids are also presented, but we do not know whether this is the same person or not, or two different people , just genetic studies can tell us whether this person is the same or different, the curators hope , with the help of genetic examination , to find out additional information about the exhibits in order to more accurately restore the history of people

who lived in the third-4th century ad, the period in which the glakhtyn burial ground dates back . the fact is that this burial ground belongs to the tashtek archaeological culture, and its ethnic composition is quite complex, and these genetic studies will help determine which ethnic groups participated in the formation of this culture. expertise at the dna level is hypothetically possible, says galina kamelina, due to the high preservation of these items, a suitable climate, and the main ally. to history, one of the striking examples of this is the mizmay cave, located in the south of russia. almost 40 years ago, it was discovered lyubov golovanova, st. petersburg archaeologist. mezmayskaya cave is located high in the mountains of the krasnodar region. and it is located in unique conditions that contribute to

the preservation of organic matter. and every year, in winter, the entrance to the cave is closed by snow. therefore , cold and damp conditions contribute to the good preservation of organic matter in the bones. the cultural layers of this monument date back tens of thousands of years and belong to the middle paleolithic era. the cave became famous all over the world after the burial of two neanderthals was discovered there. a rare find. later, archaeologists came across another sample, a bone fragment, which was analyzed at sirius university. to a scientist.

their genes were inherited by modern people living outside africa. it seems not so much, but the adverse effects of such a connection have been established. for example, the presence of individual neonderthal genes means that a person may be more prone to diseases of the vascular system, or, for example, have greater blood clotting ability. for modern man this is quite dangerous because may lead to strokes. also, very important interesting observations were made during the covid-19 epidemic and it is tentatively estimated that about 1000 died.

but they do not have an overall picture; unfortunately, this is how the story can develop when we see the process incorrectly. it is in order to create a holistic picture of the life of our ancestors that the institute of archeology of the russian academy of sciences entered into a consortium to study the history of the ancient population of the russian plain. the institute's funds contain many exhibits that now serve common cause of national importance. these bone remains are those real individuals who entered the analysis and took part in the work on the project. when

we send a sample, we must focus primarily on preservation, we know that there are parts of the skeleton that are best preserved. ancient dna. this is a collection from excavations in the eighties in the russian north. based on the state of his dental system , we can say that he is about 3-5 years old. maria dobrovolskaya points to barely noticeable multiple pits in the bony orbits. experts interpret them as traces of physiological stress, which the child regularly experienced during his lifetime. it was more of an individual. all with poor health, which is also important to understand. scientists call ancient human remains the word individual, emphasizing a personal

approach in their research, in which each found sample is studied in detail, in order to deduce general trends, it is necessary to trace specific features. any humanities science should not lose while remaining a science, it should not lose the opportunity to work with humans,

tatyana andreeva, one of the leading russian geneticists, studied alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia for a long time, defended a dissertation on this topic, accurate, yes, this is not a mistake, yes, this is not pollution. the research took place at the institute of general genetics in moscow, and here , for the first time in the country, the necessary

conditions were created for working with ancient dna. these were specially renovated premises in which work with modern samples had never been carried out. in these rooms separate equipment has been installed. also, according to tatyana andreeva, it was in the process of identifying the royal remains that their team thought out special approaches and methods for geneticists working with rare source material. these were single, tiny, unique bone fragments, and we understood that we had no room for error, that is, we must obtain maximum, complete, accurate information on the first try.

called denisovan man, but a previously unknown form of fossil, so the situation is changing in our country conditions necessary for such complex genetic processes. it is very important that our research, carried out primarily on the territory of our country, completely, they prevent the export of valuable archaeological samples of cultural and historical value for our country, we prevent them from flowing to... other countries, they are preserved with us, and those the databases that we receive are also stored on the territory of our country, they are analyzed by our researchers. modern equipment and proven techniques allow, according to andrei monakhov, to study not just single materials, as was the case in the early 2000s, but dozens and even hundreds, which significantly reduced the cost of historical dna analysis. so, over several years as part of a

research project. archaeological samples have formed the genetic profiles of people who lived on earth many millennia ago. for dad, for mom, for brother, for dad, for grandma, for the navigator in the car, for the tablet, for the smart one. watch, for guarding the house, for the gate in the garage, it’s dad who plays like that, it’s dad who has everything in common balance, with beeline you can forget about paying for different numbers, add them to the general balance, top up only one number, all the rest will be paid automatically, convenient, it doesn’t fit into the bear anymore , it fits into the general balance, belay is on your side, now, it tastes better on fire at burger king! sometimes

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understands the importance of russia on the international arena. american primetime tucker carlson announced the release of an interview with vladimir putin. judging by the reaction, they are already waiting in the west. impatiently. russia is doing everything to free the hostages after the escalation of the conflict in the middle east. vladimir putin held a meeting with the country's chief rabbi and head of the federation of jewish communities. the us senate rejected a bill that included aid to ukraine. the democratic party will prepare a new version of the bill. at the same time, europe faces even more serious costs.