national projects, their mechanisms make it possible to build the entire technological chain from the creation of fundamental foundations and applied solutions to means of production and training of highly qualified personnel. in this regard , i consider it possible and ask the government to formulate by the end of this year to ensure the launch of another national technological project ensuring technological...sovereignty for the development

of modern health saving technologies, it is imperative to determine the source of financing the necessary amounts of financial funds for its implementation. i really look forward to participating in this great, serious work, the work of our medical scientific community. thank you very much for your attention. dear vladimir vladimirovich, thank you very much for your impressive speech, today our forum is being held for the second time and has become a very good tradition, your participation, believe me, it is very valuable to us, your patronage and your involvement in all substantive issues.

we are discussing the development of future technologies for medicine, you have already said that 20 years ago , no one really believed in the possibility of creating artificial tissue organs through genetic editing, but today this is already... clinical practice, at the same time, at the same time , new infections that appear that we did not yet know, the need for access to new drugs, and the need for gentle treatment for the patient are serious challenges that give a big impetus to the development of medical technologies, i am certainly impressed, today you mentioned the exhibition you were at before

plenary session, i am also impressed by the level and scale of developments in russian science, which is not at all behind the world, we really have something to be proud of, a huge, huge number of reasons to be proud, and i am honestly impressed, of course , by the speed, speed, like the speed of the emergence of new diseases, infections, and the speed of response of medical science, fundamental and applied, the speed of victory over diseases, so... today, if you allow, we would like to talk at the plenary discussion about new technologies that are developing medical science, about the people who create these technologies, introduce them and allow them to quickly enter our lives. in june last year , the center conducted a survey of the country's residents about their expectations for the perception of future technologies. so most of all ours. citizens are interested

in healthcare technologies, the most interesting and troubling issues of our people are modern visual auditory prostheses, and these are modern methods of combating cancer, 3d printing of tissues and joints, the exhibition today at the forum demonstrates a large number of unique developments and... i am sure that very soon we will all see them in practical life. let me introduce the participants in today's plenary discussion. academician alexander alexandrovich makarov, scientific director of the ingelhart institute of molecular biology, russian academy of sciences. professor raul radikovich gaineddinov, director of the institute of translational medicine , st. petersburg state university. academician akimkin, vasily gennadievich. head of the center

for epidemiology of rospotrebnadzor, member correspondent, sevolad vadimovich belousov, head of the center for brain and neurotechnologies of the fmba of russia. ilya igorevich eremin, deputy head of the russian scientific center of surgery named after petrovsky, ministry of science of russia and academician igor evgenievich khotkov, head of the moscow clinical scientific and practical center named after loginovo, your humble servant, grigory trubnikov, i am the head of the joint institute for nuclear research in dubna, so if allow me, if you agree, we would like to touch upon today for the first time. turn of the most modern areas of medical science , fundamental and applied, precisely those areas that are not just heard, but those areas on which depends and which affect the quality of a healthy, long,

fulfilling human life, genetics and molecular biology, regenerative medicine and nuclear medicine, modern methods of treating oncological diseases, healthy longevity and neurotechnology, and of course, pharma, i hope we will hear today, the whole country will hear things to be proud of, we will talk about the problems that in our opinion, the solution of which would allow us to move faster and more efficiently. i propose to start with epidemiology, this, everyone still remembers this, everyone understands this. and this applies to large cohorts of the population, as in football, all this as in football, yes, this concerns large cohorts of the population, and i want, i think it is important to note today from this rostrum that russia is one of the few countries

in the world that has the most successfully fought the coronavirus pandemic, today it is a routine infection, it has entered our lives, but of course we cannot relax attention to risk. the emergence of new epidemics, new viruses appear, and old ones return and new infections arise. vasily gennadievich, you head a center that successfully organizes surveillance of infectious diseases using molecular genetic methods and digital technologies. please tell us how you are strengthening the country’s sanitary shield. deeply respected vladimir vladimirovich, deeply respected colleagues. the covid-19 pandemic was a powerful impetus for the development of genetic technologies, and today the term pcr test and pcr testing is well known to any citizen of the russian federation. we must remember the first stages of the pandemic, when the duration of such testing was maximum, and you

, vladimirevich, in the twenty-first year , set the task of minimizing the time required for such testing. already in the twenty-first year, just a few months later, specialists from our institute created a domestic enzyme base, which made it possible to create tests that carried out such testing in 30 minutes, which significantly reduced the time required for testing the population by four to five times and thereby accelerated the time for such testing. the domestic enzyme base in its parameters was not inferior in order to their position, and was superior to foreign analogues. the cost was 50-70 times cheaper. it is the development of the domestic enzyme base, which today continues within the framework of the russian sanitary shield program, that allows us to talk about the technological independence of the russian federation in the field of creating diagnostic drugs for any

pathogens, including unknown ones. as part of the federal program of genetic technologies, we have developed a genome editing system based on the use of crisperkas technology. this is one of the modern technologies that makes it possible to edit the genome, and also be the basis for the creation of high-tech test systems and diagnostic drugs, which today can be used not only in the field of infectious diseases, but also for the diagnosis and study of hereditary, oncological autoimmune diseases. it should be emphasized that last year we received all the necessary proteins for genome editing from... production ; we are currently beginning to begin production of unique test systems, which in their sensitivity will be 10 or more times existing, can capture single pathogen cells, and can also be used today not

only in laboratories, but at the patient’s bedside. dear vladimir vladimirovich, the russian school of epidemiology is always was proud of its monitoring system. and we have especially been able to step forward in the last 3 years. it should be noted that it is thanks to technologies for studying the genome in the russian federation for the first time. we can talk about a national database of infectious disease pathogen genomes, which today already consists of more than 330,000 genomes, more than twenty different pathogens, including pathogens and infections such as hiv infection, coronavirus infection, acute respiratory, acute viral, intestinal infections, hepatitis, at the moment we we are actively developing this database, what does such a database provide? first of all, it is the basis of genomic epidemiological surveillance, this is the leading scientific direction

in the world today proposed by russia, it allows us to quickly identify and respond to the epidemiological situation, give us the opportunity to create prompt actions , which is very important in the interests of the country, and also be the basis for the creation of high-tech diagnostic, medicinal vaccine preparations. e today the epidemiological monitoring system is the basis of the country’s biosafety, and we continue to actively share such a system of experience with other countries, thank you, you can , yes, like that, i understand that the quality and timing of patient treatment depends on the correct diagnosis, of course, that’s why this monitoring system is so important.

they don’t show me, maybe why such and such systems are needed, but i understand that these are the most disgusting dangerous infections, there is covid, flu, they show something else, well, five six, how many eight, there are, there are so many of this infection, yes more than 100, more than 100, ah they don’t show anything else, well, what, but how to treat, because it’s like in the soviet army, now it’s not like that, in the russian army it’s not like that, in the soviet army you know how...

of course, if we go to a doctor, he must be a qualified specialist and accordingly make a diagnosis based on symptoms, prescribe additional studies using various test systems and laboratory tests. the answer is very streamlined, well, we need to improve this system if you... there are so many of these infections to say, 100 more than 100, more than 100, well so we still need to somehow work in

this direction in order to help the attending doctor, especially in primary health care in a remote area or somewhere in a village, come to have a test system, look, yeah, this is the one, not immediately like the soviet army, a pill in half, but specifically something for a specific person, well , really, there is something to work on, thank you, thank you. thank you vasily gennadievich, thank you vladimir vladimirovich, but it seems to me that you said in your speech, in your speech you said that in the center of any medical technologies and medical science there must be a person, from the point of view of these test systems, there is probably a universal solution, there must be a certain personalization, and obviously everything must work quickly, because ... you talked about it, but i reacted to some words of your speech

that the speed and spread of the disease and the speed of their changes, the speed of mutation, they must definitely keep up with the speed of development of new drugs and their introduction into life, drugs must be both speed and the spread of infection, that’s why tatyano alekseevna and i were arguing, i say listen, while your test system will tell whether a person is sick or not, he will infect 100 people around.

e genetic technologies in the country as a whole and not only in the field of biosafety, and we really have real achievements in this area, you, vladimir vladimevich , mentioned this, and you regularly say that here is a federal program for the development of genetic technologies, it demonstrates very bright results, and alexandrevich makarov actually coordinates - coordinates the development of genetic technologies in medicine within the framework of this...

a unique unique development made jointly with the biocad company, and i must immediately praise this company, we are very lucky with our industrial partner, because this highly competent company is very interested in real implementation, as quickly as possible, of what can be introduced, that is, it actually brings it to the market, as is now being done as part of the creation of the world’s first monoconal antibodies against the immune disease ankylosing spondylitis, this disease is generally terrible, the body goes crazy and begins to destroy its own cells, the person is crooked, it can’t affect the joints, yes , the joints are affected there, the spine becomes inflexible, there is pain in the joints, it is difficult to move,

the musculoskeletal system suffers greatly, that is, the disease is terrible, a person can practically live with such a disease, of course. but in a very serious condition, the person is literally twisted, you see, in the end already, when it is terrible, monoclonal antibodies destroy a special group of t-cells that cause the disease, but do not disrupt the functioning of the immune system as such, under the influence of the drug it is possible not only to stop the disease, but also to reverse the disease, regeneration, and a specific example is this regeneration, a specific example of remission , which has already been going on for 4 years, is described in the highly authoritative western journal nature medicine, 4 years ago, a person who had this disease and for whom nothing helped, had a joint replaced, continuous anti-cytokine therapy , they used this antibody, the effect is amazing , like living water in a fairy tale, he came to life, so to speak

, the pain stopped, he started doing therapeutic exercises, in general, he is already living a full... life, and this is the first example in the world of such a long remission, since i always say: the first in the world, then believe me that all our other achievements, which i will talk about, were also made for the first time in the world, so that i do not repeat myself. the third phase of clinical trials of this is now ending antibodies, approximately 1,000 patients were treated with this antibody, the result is good, pain disappears , mobility occurs, you can even... play sports, and as i heard, some even play basketball, which requires some effort, that is, this is truly a new platform, here, in total , this monoconal antibody acts on only 2-3% of the cells of the immune system, that is, this is a targeted strike aimed at exactly what needs to be removed, so to speak,

others can be done on the basis of this platform medicines for the same kind of diseases, there is already a specific example, together with biocad , an antibody against diabetes mellitus of the first type was created, and the russian ministry of health has already authorized clinical trials of the first first phase. the next thing i want to develop is about anclitic viruses. during the pandemic, we were all very afraid of the word virus, we believed that a virus was something bad, we had to fight it, but oncolic viruses, they are not pathogenic, they... directly act only on cancer cells, and act in a targeted manner, and this action destroys cancer cells. because the tumor is very different, tumors are all different. does not depend on the type of disease, on the person, and even within the tumor the cells are also diverse, then you need to create a panel of these viruses, which we have done, more than thirty

viruses have been created, in general, in cases where you need to use one or two viruses, you can use their cocktail, well, now i understand that we don’t have much time, but i’ll just tell you very briefly about the daklinik, which takes place in two places on the biocad. v the radiology center, the results are very good , some viruses were submitted to biocad , others were submitted to the radiology center, the tumors disappear, at biocad it was breast cancer, the tumor completely disappears, and for the radiology center they examined gleoblastoma, that is, this is such a tumor brain, which practically means a very bad diagnosis for the patient, here the tumor decreased four to five times, that is... the experience of using oncreotic viruses is very positive - now the radiology center is preparing patients with solid brain tumors, who will

try to treat with these viruses. just two words about antibiotic resistance, which everyone is very interested in, and this is a really big problem, because the creation of new antibiotics is now recognized as economically unprofitable. antibiotics are being created, but resistance to them develops much faster than... the development of antibiotics, that is, bacteria win in this battle, in general it turns out to be a dead end. we proposed a slightly different approach, namely, to try to find out what protective mechanisms bacteria have so that they could respond to antibiotics and find out that the main defense system is the production of gray hydrogen. we selected enzymes that are responsible for the activation of this system, we selected substances and synthesized them that can stop the action of these enzymes. together with these substances, if antibiotics are used, there is no longer any resistance. bacteria perceive the effects of previous antibiotics that exist, that is, nothing

new needs to be developed. well, this is probably where i would like to end, i want to say, that there is a lot to tell, but unfortunately, time is limited as always, i want to say that indeed genetic technologies have already penetrated into our lives, and what will happen next is impossible to even imagine, since development is ongoing. very fast, exponential, and it’s good that it’s going on, because almost everything now depends on genetics, in medicine, in other, so to speak, places in agriculture, in the microbiological industry everything is based on genetics, thank you for your attention, you have your partner what kind of genetics is rosneft, that you don’t understand which rosneft partner you have and genetically, no, no, no, biocad, but biocad, biocad, yes, no, well, rosneft is itself. after all, she doesn’t make medicine yet, but she makes biocad, she makes money, no, well, i understand that by praising biocad, i may have called it out, everything

fits from there, and where did the viruses come from, they came from outer space , and in space too , yes, yes, in space there is a colossal problem with the iss, because it is full of microorganisms, because where there is a person, there are microorganisms, and these microorganisms destroy constructive elements of the station cause allergies in astronauts, in general, this is a huge problem, and we are now also studying these microorganisms that were delivered to us from the iss, and we find out that they become even more antibiotic-resistant there, although there is a radiation background 100 times higher there than on earth, but nevertheless this does not affect them at all, they only become even stronger, now we are finding out what the reasons are for this process and how we can fight it, because this is a real problem.

very very unknown, but at the same time i want of course, i want to find out as much as possible about myself, in general it’s incredibly interesting to find out what’s in us, what’s hidden in us, and for me, as a person who studies the fundamental properties of matter, studying the brain is like opening up new horizons in the universe , the center for brain and neurotechnology of the fmba russia has been operating in russia for several years. it was opened several years ago, but last year you visited it, now it is one of the leading centers in the world, and i want to ask vsevalimovich, who heads this

center, please tell us: how quickly do these horizons open up to you and what can people expect from your research? thank you, deeply respected vladimir vladimirovich, deeply respected colleagues and guests, slowly, of course , the secrets of the brain are being revealed, but nevertheless we are working on it, uh, what exactly are neurotechnologies, what do we associate them with? everyone probably knows the word cyborg - this is a cybernetic organism, it is usually found in science fiction and carries such... a negative connotation, we imagine a robot that is controlled the human brain or a person who is controlled by some kind of code, but is that so? in fact, neurotechnology is already helping us treat diseases that were previously considered incurable, and being a cyborg actually means regaining lost functions. i will give three examples: the first is a stroke, when, as a result

of blockage of... or blood vessels , the area of ​​the brain responsible for any function dies; during my report, from 50 to 100 new cases of stroke will occur in the world, for example, as a result of a stroke, the person stopped to move the hand, you need to understand that the hand in this case is healthy, the brain is sick, and neurotechnology allows you to retrain the neighboring areas of the brain with the area of ​​damage, they will take over the lost function , they will learn, accordingly, to control the hand, and the patient will return to normal life , and this, what technologies help us with this, virtual augmented reality technologies, biofeedback technologies , transcoronial magnetic stimulation, interfaces, brain-computer and

much, much more, as a result the brain... will learn to control this hand again, in much the same way as what happens with learning a foreign language, at first you don’t understand a word, at some point you already speak fluently, and those technologies, it’s important that i talked about, they are by no means not only in federal, large medical research and clinical centers, they are now being actively replicated in regional clinics throughout the country, the second example is from the field of... neurodegenerative diseases, the same hand, but it is not immobilized, as in a stroke, it a patient with parkinson's disease is in a state of trembling, tremor, he cannot drink, eat, write text on his own, he is forced to take potent medications, but they do not always help, in this case the technology that came to medicine from physics comes to the rescue and materials science, this is focused

ultrasound. a patient with tremor undergoes surgery with focused ultrasound, without anesthesia incisions. during the operation, a small area of ​​the brain responsible for generating tremor is precisely switched off, and the patient returns to normal life directly during the operation. now in russia there are already two clinical centers mastering this technique and treating patients; in 24 and 25 , several more clinics will join

those presented, including those at the exhibition, which can already move, they can perform operations to capture, carry, hold objects, and control they are electrodes that are attached above the level of prosthetics, and accordingly, but this is not yet, this is still far from our real hand, our hand controlled by signals from the nervous system. we always have feedback from sensory neurons, which allows us to fine-tune movement, we have set ourselves an ambitious goal, to make bionic prostheses with feedback and integrate them directly with the nervous system, so that the patient will literally feel this prosthesis as part of his... .