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on june 23, 1940, the central streets of paris woke up to the sounds of german military marches.

columns of marching soldiers appeared at the triumphal arch on the champs-elysees. these were parts of the eighteenth army of the wehrmacht. just a few days earlier, the french government had fled its own capital, surrendering paris to the mercy of the victors. the parade was hosted by german generals fedor von bock and georg von küchler. they greeted their soldiers as they marched along the champs elysees. the dream of an entire generation of germans came true. they finally took revenge on the french for their shame. first world war. defeated, humiliated france bowed before the german eagle. depressed parisians watched the german triumph in silence. peering into their faces,

the french officer emmanuelgerie would later write. a stream of people, consumed by fear, frightened jews, repenting. foresaw defeat, but no one seemed to think about victory. panic reigned in france, they were not ready for a serious war, some consumerism prevailed too much. interests, consumer psychology, they

really lived as if behind a stone wall, behind this muzhino line, they believed that all this would work out, because they were among the masters of the world, everything was going well. the german fuhrer staged this event as a real performance. the staff carriage of the french marshal ferdinand foch was delivered to the campiène forest from the paris museum. it was here that in 1918 germany signed the first

compiègne armistice and thereby admitted its defeat in the first world war. prepared for france. that's when you and i we remember the events of the forties, why such a shameful defeat of the french army, and yet the french group was anglo-french, it was larger than in vermah. it was well armed, they had an excellent military-industrial complex. in particular, by the way, marshal pétain wrote very well about this. he wrote that the defeat of france is the reason for the general sloppiness of the french, the general unwillingness, inability to fight for the interests of the country, unwillingness to fight. that's why the french army suffered such a crushing defeat precisely because she was internally not ready to fight, unlike the germans. in june 1940. france plunged into chaos, millions of panic-stricken people fled

the cities after the defeated army. the russian emigrant writer, roman gul, who lived at that time in the rural outback of france, wrote: “all the peasants, winegrowers , artisans, grocers, restaurateurs, cafe garçons, hairdressers, and these soldiers running like a rabble, everyone wanted one thing, anything, only so that this ends."

more and more people went south. for what did this lead? all roads are clogged. that is, a transport collapse is coming. then it turns out that french society is absolutely not ready for this. there is no consolidation of society. the positions of those who advocate a truce are extremely strong. and that’s why a situation arose here, what to do? the army is crumbling, it is not ready to fight. that's why chakhorda is with the government. they immediately start looking for who? on military authority, which is why the figure of pétain arose. marshal philippe pitain

was a legendary french commander. he born in 1856 into an ordinary peasant family. he graduated from the famous saint-cyr military academy and became an officer. however, his career was not meteoric. by the beginning of 1914.

in october of the same year, at the station of the provincial town of montoir, piten met with hitler. during the negotiations , the marshall invited the fuhrer to work together. this is how the term collaborationism appeared. most french people fully supported pitein. the philosopher raymond aron wrote: it was almost impossible not to somehow share in the feeling of abject relief. pétain seemed to me an exponent of the feelings that prevailed among

the majority of the french. german officer erenst junger, who served in. having concluded a truce in 1940, pétain did what his people wished with all his heart, consider it the only right thing. i myself saw columns of prisoners of war blocking the dusty roads under the scorching july sun, they shouted his name as the name of a savior. peten was a flag, a symbol and, in general, the main figure. french conservatism, he has an image of the savior of france, an honest old man, covered in orders, it’s clear that he’s rooting for the country soul, this is a symbol of stability, and the french make a completely logical choice: we had the most rampant parliamentary democracy, how did it end, the roads of france are filled with refugees, german tanks are heading towards paris, no one offers anything, pétain offers what

he offers, guys, i’m a marshal of france , i know what war is, we lost, if we lost, let’s not wait until they throw us into the mediterranean sea, let’s conclude a truce with the winning country, then we ’ll move on with it, anyone to an ordinary frenchman, he says absolutely understandable things. hitler divided the defeated france into two parts: the north of the country, its entire atlantic coast were occupied. the marshal and his ministers moved to the small resort town of vechy, and so a new name for the french state appeared: the vichy regime. according to the terms of the truce, the french army and navy were subject to complete

disarmament. the new armed forces, the so -called armistice army, complied. mainly police functions and should not exceed 100,000 people. the vichy regime became ally of hitler's reich. despite this, the french state was recognized by the leading powers of the world. the germans ordered them to ban marseillaise. okay, let's ban it. and the anthem marshal, you and i, appeared in honor of pétain. the cult of pétain arose , they issued stamps with his image, portraits of the marshal, and this marshal, he became the personification of immutability, then the whole world recognized pétain, the united states, great britain, the soviet union maintained relations with him, maintained all diplomatic relations with the government of isha, that is, this is a respectable government recognized by the whole world,

yes, hitler is at war with great britain, but great britain even supports. grounds and recognized by all countries of the world, from "power was received by me from the legitimate holy see to the soviet union. i used this power as a means to protect the french people. for 4 years , by my actions, i supported the spirit of france, provided for the french.

" measures were introduced to support large families, abortions were prohibited, special schools for disabled children. while the whole of europe was shaking from the grandiose battles of world war ii, a cinematography institute was opened in france, an association of national museums was created, medical cards, vaccination books and distance learning in schools were introduced. my grandfather, a world-famous chemist, said that the donankovs have only one homeland, russia, i want us to be proud of our scientists and respect our teachers.

these resort places, yes, they really were a reflection of that spirit, well, maybe perhaps the decadent, disastrous spirit of the french, which led them to this national catastrophe, and who did not

perceive it as a national catastrophe, they did not reflect on the fact that it was shameful, humiliating, that they needed to go into the forests, fight, as they did in belarus. pitein's social reforms applied only to the french. already in the autumn of 1940. even before pieten's official meeting with hitler, the vichy regime adopted strict anti-semitic laws. all french jews were stripped of their citizenship and were required to wear yellow stars. jews were prohibited from studying in schools and universities, holding any government positions, and working as doctors, lawyers, pharmacists, architects, bankers and small traders. majority. in 1942 , the forced deportation of the jewish population of france to hitler's

death camps began. by decision of the authorities , 76 thousand people were expelled from the country. almost all of them subsequently died. the captain was quite calm about hitler and the nazi regime. we started under his roof. create in the south of france in fact a fascist regime, not the conservative one he wanted. pétain was already quite an old man, already during the war, he had already begun to simply transfer to laval all these same opportunities for leading the country, because he simply physically could not do it. in 1942 , french politician pierre laval became prime minister of the vichy government. in the thirties it is. the man held high government positions and twice headed the government of the third republic. in france he was also known as a media mogul, owner of several newspapers

and radio stations. with the beginning of the german occupation, laval announced his full support for marshal pétain. having headed the vichy government, he called for a military alliance with hitler as soon as possible. in his radio address. laval said: france, in view of the immeasurable victims in germany, cannot remain passive and indifferent. i wish germany victory, because without it bolshevism would reign throughout the world. interestingly, just a few years earlier, loval was considered a staunch supporter of frank's soviet union. before you are rare union newsreel footage filmed in may 1930. having examined the lenin mausoleum, the french

politician went to meet stalin. as a result of negotiations, laval achieved the conclusion of a franco-soviet mutual assistance pact. the purpose of this agreement was a joint struggle against hitler's germany. in those days, no one could even imagine. that in just a few years this imposing french politician would be greeting legions of french volunteers going with the germans to war against the soviet union. the unscrupulousness and duplicity that loval showed during the second world war amazed the french themselves. general de gaulle subsequently asserted: “until the very end, he waged a struggle that was criminal. it is important to be in power, he decided that he could benefit from the worst, even go to the extent of pro-socializing the country

, in the name of pursuing his policy. he sacrificed the honor of the country , independence of the state, national pride. and that france, which was under pitein, it was the complete embodiment of this the french destructive spirit, an incomprehensible and hitherto inexplicable spirit, which was supported by very great arrogance by the statement that we are a leading european country, we are the heirs of the roman empire, we are the heirs of napoleon, but by the absence of a complete desire to confirm this status, but how to confirm it. .. to confirm, it sometimes has to be confirmed with a military hand. the political and military rivalry between france and germany began long before the second world war. in 1870, a united army of german principalities invaded france. defeated the troops of napoleon ii and besieged paris. under the terms of the peace treaty, france lost alsace and lataringia. in

the hall of mirrors at versailles. in november 1918, revolution broke out in germany and the kaiser fled the country. under the terms of the treaty of versailles, germany returned alsace and lataringia to france as well.

after germany, its main political rival, was defeated, russia was withdrawn from the war, we had a revolution, france undoubtedly became the leader of continental europe. not only did they blame germany for everything that it is possible, and germany was recognized as the main culprit, the only and main culprit , at the insistence of the french, for the outbreak of the first world war. the treaty of versailles laid a huge mine for the growth of revanchist sentiments, and was such a minus of delayed action. enough. the famous statement of the famous frenchman marshal foch, who, when he read the text of this treaty of versailles, said that this was not peace, but a truce for 20 years, turned out to be brilliantly right, in fact, exactly the same 20 years later, in the thirty-ninth the year the second world war officially begins, pay as conveniently as possible with alphapay with any

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