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granny, what a hat, 10 until a new job minutes, many vacancies new every day, avito work, you will find not just a job, but your place. hello, international review is on air, in the studio fyodor lukyanov. today on the international review program. event of the week, chronicle. comments. modern terrorism. do you have any special features? materials of our program. new isis cell. what is known about avilayat kharasan. what kind of ambitions do terrorists have? a small but important anniversary. nato is turning 75 years old. russia is seen from

brussels. gentlemen of the jury, deliberating grounds for leniency, you will recall disclosed. before you is the life of zasulich, perhaps her sorrowful wandering youth will explain to you the bitterness accumulated in her, which made her less calm, more impressionable and more painful in relation to the life around her, and you will find a basis for condescension. the finale of the speech of the chairman of the jury, anatoly fedorovich koni, at the trial against the nihilist vera zasulich. in 1878, she was tried for the attempt on the life of the st. petersburg mayor trepov and was acquitted, taking into account lofty motives and hard life of the accused. the acquittal of the lone terrorist split society.

progressives applauded, conservatives were outraged. acts of individual or mass violence, motivated by the desire to achieve political goals, have not been and cannot be abandoned by terror; this is one of the military actions that may be quite suitable and even necessary at a certain moment of battle and under certain conditions, even before the formation of the state of israel in british mandate in palestine, terrorist attacks were carried out by jewish

militants who fought simultaneously with the arabs and the british occupation forces, and after the formation of israel and the war of 1948, terror became the main... this, for example, happened with the european left, like the red brigades, various basque groups that fought for independence or the irish republican army. despite their terrorist methods, these people could sometimes appear to be fighters for justice. in the end there was a common

robber, jan erik ohlson, who gave the world term stockholm syndrome. he received leave from prison and decided to rob a bank, in which he captured four. hostages, after 5 days spent together, the police released the hostages, but they began to defend their captors. everything changed after the september 11 terrorist attacks, when sirozh became absolute evil. any arguments that suggest understanding the motives of terrorists have since been considered unacceptable. however, arab countries, for example, shy away from directly condemning the hamas action against israel on october 7, 2023. limiting itself to criticism of terrorism in general. stockholm syndrome has gone out of fashion; the 21st century, with its dictates of communication, has made the effect of terrorism so powerful that a call to, if not

forgive, then at least understand, is perceived as a provocation. the tragedy in krasnogorsk returned to the agenda the issue of the terrorist threat emanating from the wider world. region from north africa to south asia. the international efforts of the past decade appear to have been successful. the so -called islamic state and al-qaeda were defeated. scary ghost international terrorism, against which world war was declared at the beginning of the century, seems to have receded or not. we asked counter- terrorism expert grigory zerschikov about this. the perpetrators of the attack on crocus cityhall are related to isis, this is not disputed, but what is this organization today, does it exist at all, or is it just a franchise that anyone can use ? the center of this organization was destroyed

in 2019, and al-baghdadi was destroyed, then this organization with its center is not exists today, but they exist. branches all over - in many countries of the islamic world, but the most famous, it might be, you know, boko haram, in africa, in nigeria, and in cameroon, in chad, there. another well-known branch is, of course , the velayat of khorasan, which exists in afghanistan on the border with pakistan, in the province of nangantar, the same can be said about al-qaeda, they also have branches, yes, that is, there is no assam bin ladan, there is no al-zawahiri , but there remained branches most known as harakat, shabab al-mujahideen, shabab in somalia, and... alqaeda in the maghreb, alqaeda on

the arab peninsula, that is, this is a system of branches, it exists, each of these branches has its own leader, if regarding velayat khurasan in afghanistan, this is samullah ghafari, a real person, ethnic tajik. and iraq, currently this is abu haws al-qureishi, but he is purely like the british queen, in general he does not have much influence, purely formally, everyone.

did not try to take over the territory, that is, they existed in afghanistan, as if guests, they were called guests, and few people know, but osama bin and ayman al-zawahiri brought this biy, this is to the same head of the taliban, that is, formally de jure they were guests, they were, as it were, subordinate to the head. the head of the taliban, but they did not try to take over afghanistan under

their state, yes, they are from afghanistan, as if they were managing terrorist acts, what do we see when it was formed in the case of egil, especially when al-baghdadi became their main caliph, they changed the paradigm , they said, no, the territory is important to us, we will capture territory, they created this quasi -state. with their borders, with their own, with their own currency, with their ministries, with their own postage stamps, and even there , of course, a stream of these muhajirs poured in from all over the world, if osama bin laden and zawahiri al-qaeda said, that - the distant enemy is important for us, we need to destroy the distant enemy, nearby enemies, that is, the rulers. countries, muslim countries, since they are puppets of the distant enemy of america, they themselves will fall, we need to take care of america,

that’s why the events of september 11 and so on, when isis formed within its, so to speak, ever-changing borders, they naturally looked at their close enemies, that is, at hafez assad, at the leadership of iraq, that is, for them, first of all , close enemies became important, but both. an islamist who is not going to die tried to escape from crocus, this is actually

atypical, this is atypical, but this is not the only case, if we look at the most famous, bloody terrorist attack of recent times in western europe, the attack on the bataclan nightclub in paris, there they also shot people left, as they say, this time, then there were, before the pataclan there was, for example, an attack on the jewish museum in... in brussels, when a terrorist with a kalashnikov assault rifle shot four people and ran away, he was later caught in france, now at twenty the third year, in october of the twenty-third year the same thing was a terrorist. attacked swedish fans, killed two, seriously wounded one, but then he was detained a couple of days later, or rather not detained, killed during the arrest, that is, the wrong ones, the wrong ones, the wrong ones, they didn’t try, uh, so say, kill yourself, yes, during a terrorist attack, although most of them - they have a one-way ticket, they - come to die,

yes, well, the last terrorist attack of this kind, it was

and so on, in fact, they were going to territory controlled by isis, not in order to delve into this theology, they went to fight, uh, to go to fight, one might say, their entire mentality was built on the latin expression belloergosum, i i exist, i fight, i exist , or i howl for existence, that's all they needed, that's what guys. who over these 6-7 years went there to syria to iraq, the same thing with these tajiks, firstly, they not only don’t speak, they obviously don’t speak russian, but not to mention arabic, yes, then there is this absolute illiteracy, some preacher or pretending to be a preacher can

tell them anything, you know, say that this is islam, but again, the majority. for most people this is not this they are not here for this, they are here to fight, the fact that the crocus shooters were promised pay a lot of money by their standards, this fits into terrorist practice, for me this element was the most unusual in this story, not that they did not run away, left, but that someone paid them something, then approximately...

it is very difficult to live under this dome, and the further time goes, the harder this life is made for them, in order to somehow exist, they must from time to time leave this cheese dome to those - go to those regions where it no, where they will learn something, where they will get funding, and where they will then return to this

under this dome, you know, uh this... this comparison is very very accurate, so to speak , i think, yes, that is, the same, the same terrorists or extremists who for some reason cannot leave, leave this dome , they die, their organization, their ideology, it fades away, uh, so, yes, to your question, a lot has been learned and continues to be learned, especially surveillance controls. but - of course they will completely exclude terrorist actions, it’s impossible, so he took a knife and went to slaughter swedish fans in...

one of the most lyrical cycles of sergei yesenin was called persian motifs. he himself, however, had never been to persia, he only imagined it. the terrorist attack in crocus glorified,

so to speak, the very branch of isis that intends to bring to life the imaginary state of kharasan. the name kharasan or in persian, where the sun comes from, originated. historical region in central asia, which, in addition to afghanistan, included parts of iran, turkmenistan, uzbekistan and tajikistan. for the first time, about prohibited in russia the velayat kharasan group started talking in 2014, when its members joined the islamic state movement. in 2015, they pledged allegiance to the now deceased isis leader abu bakr al-baghdadi and declared their intention to create a global islamic caliphate. from the sharia form of government, to begin with within the historical region of kharasan. according to un estimates, the group numbered between four and 6,000 militants.

these are mainly ethnic tajiks and uzbeks, veterans of combat operations in syria, iraq, afghanistan and west africa. they confess a more radical movement of wahabi islam than the taliban is called to focus on righteous ancestors and return to the times of the early islamic community. however, by 2018, the taliban had virtually destroyed the group's resistance in afghanistan. several of its leaders were killed by the americans, and the number of militants was reduced from several thousand to several hundred. having come to leadership, shahab al-muhajir, also known as sana-ufari, reoriented the organization from direct clashes to carrying out terrorist acts. during the withdrawal of troops. usa in 2021 , he organized a terrorist attack at kabul airport in september 2022, velayat kharasan militants took responsibility for a

suicide bombing at the russian embassy in the afghan capital, in august twenty- third for a terrorist attack at the shah cherakh mausoleum in iranian shiraz, in total velayat kharasan more than 30 terrorist attacks. as far as we know, these people are in a part of afghanistan that is not controlled by the authorities in kabul. these are the provinces of kunar and nangarhar. it is estimated that this is 3-4 people, of very different origins. afghans, pakistanis, central asians, splinter factions from al qaeda or the taliban. their agenda is that everyone else except them are not real muslims and they intend to impose. it is impossible to prepare a large action in a couple of days; in addition to the direct executors , whole chains of assistants must be involved;

is it really possible that an underground structure far from the scene of action can easily organize this? one thing is especially important to understand: is there a large country that is behind the direct performers, or even a group of countries, as for opportunities, there is money, the rest will follow, but there is money, someone gives it for ideological or religious reasons, perhaps large countries sponsor in their own interests, and of course, all kinds of criminal enrichment, from smuggling and beyond, from the technical side there are also no problems, after the us left afghanistan, there was nothing left there, night vision devices, wireless devices, small arms of various types, special equipment, body armor. literally what you can buy anything. the question of large countries that may be behind the attacks is not idle, especially in the context of the most acute military-political confrontation

that... we are seeing on the world stage. the game is going big. any power can use anything against its opponents. there are no moral restrictions or rules of the game. alas, the secret services and deep states act as they see fit. you can ask yourself the question: why did this happen in russia? maybe someone wants to open a second front against russia, to distract it from its current priorities and push it towards a war against terrorists. another reason: russia, like pakistan, like china, is interacting with the taliban in afghanistan, and isis wants to prevent this. the most important thing is to join forces, at least at the regional level, to jointly resist terrorists, for example, the afghan taliban, they want to control their territory and neutralize isis and al-qaeda, but do they have such an opportunity? they don’t have enough money, they are not recognized by the international community, they don’t want to deal with them.

who previously declared their intention to help afghanistan, but we should be interested in increasing the taliban’s own potential to maintain order on their territory. they cannot be abandoned, they must be integrated into the world community. any surge in terrorism causes a sharp reaction from society and calls for all sorts of extraordinary measures. the united states after september 11, 2001 is an example of how the boundaries of the possible have been pushed. in the field of safety control. just a few days after the september 11 terrorist attack, george w. bush declared war on terrorism and began a multi-year campaign in afghanistan. in october 2001, the us congress passed the so-called patriot act, which some critics say took away americans' freedom. security forces

received the right to intercept telephone... the concept of domestic terrorism and terrorist attacks appeared as a new crime without statute of limitations, that is , a corresponding criminal case can be opened at any time. in 2002, the united states adopted five thematic laws, including public, national. transport security, preparedness and responsibility for bioterrorism. in january 2002, at the american military base at guantanamo bay in cuba, a camp was created for persons suspected of terrorism; more than a thousand people from forty countries are kept in cages and barracks without trial, they are deprived of the status of prisoners of war, interrogations are accompanied by torture. former vice president dick cheney said at the time.

“in the war on terror there is no place for half measures, for example, interrogations with the use of water, when a person is put on his back, tied up and watered water around the mouth and nasal openings, causing him to experience symptoms of suffocation. he called them necessary, justified and legal. this view was widespread among neoconservative politicians, but was fiercely rejected by the moderate and liberal public. after the event of september 11 , the airport security system changed radically, technology appeared that determines the nervousness of a passenger when entering the waiting room, psychologists who monitor people’s reactions during security checks, their order also became stricter. in september 2002 , the administration adopted the bush doctrine, according to which the united states has the right to wage preventive wars on foreign soil for overthrow.

no heated debate