this year brix will celebrate its majority; in june the association will turn 18 years old. during this time, the organization's membership expanded twice. in 2011 , south africa joined brazil, russia, india and china. and this year brix has doubled in size with five new members. since january , the united arab emirates, saudi arabia, ethiopia, egypt and iran have been invited to the organization.

they decided not to change the euphonious name, so brix remained as bricks for building a new world. its structure is more like a club than a political bloc. no headquarters general secretary of the charter. it does not deal with military issues, but its countries account for almost 50 million square kilometers of land, that is, more than a third of the entire earth's surface. for comparison, the g7, usa, germany, italy, canada, france and japan have half the population, the population of the brix states falls short of 5% of half the world's population. to date , about 30 countries have officially expressed interest in unification. after the official submission of applications, invitations to brix await algeria, bangladesh, bahrain, belarus, bolivia, venezuela, vietnam, cuba, honduras, indonesia, kazakhstan. kuwait,

morocco, as well as nigeria, palestine, senegal, thailand and pakistan. after the summit in johannesburg, the russian foreign ministry said: moscow will give priority attention to belarus and kazakhstan. in february , nicaragua and tsar expressed their desire to join the organization. the latter has already presented the brix country with options for joint projects in the fields of energy, finance and infrastructure. in april about plans. countries have declared to join brix eswatini, sri lanka and syria, and the head venezuelan foreign minister ivan hill said the country already feels part of brix and is convinced that it will join the alliance this year. russia is the chairman of brix, there is a lot to worry about. brix accurately reproduces the complex complex of the world's contradictory aspirations. his. can be

seen as both a weakness and a strength. the expansion complicates everything, especially if the criteria are not announced, completely outlandish candidates line up. on the other hand, this is exactly how a new environment arises, more freemen than hierarchy, well, although it is clear that everyone is equal, but some more equal. well, everyone wants to interact, but no one is ready to sacrifice anything for the sake of others. not pretentious. but rational. we do not want saudi arabia to be seen as part of some associations that are directed against other associations. we want to be open to everyone. it is not a matter of hesitation whether to join or not. brix is ​​part of a big change in the world system. and we look at any associations, brix, sco, others, through the prism of our national interests and applied tasks. that's all. saudi arabia,

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officially announced a peace conference on ukraine on june 15-16 in the town of bürgenstock near lucerne. according to the government , 160 countries have been invited. they are supposedly ready to invite russia too, but it refuses. situation surrounding the fighting in ukraine is confusing. nato began to recognize russia's military successes, although the conclusion was not in favor of concessions, on the contrary. french president macron in an interview with the magazine. the economist clarified in what case it is possible to send french units if the front collapses and a request is received from kiev. other publications lament the chance ukraine missed at the negotiations in istanbul 2 years ago.

we’ll talk about the state of affairs with our regular interlocutor, chaz freeman, he is one of the most experienced and knowledgeable veterans of american diplomacy. vis-a-vis misleading, is this generally a typical practice? this is a common phenomenon for someone who does not strive for this, but wants to gain time to introduce a so-called peace process in the middle east, when there is no real peace process, but it is publicly stated that work is being carried out in this direction, in fact, in order to somehow justify the zero the result, i think... the ukrainian side is really looking for a way to resolve the situation through negotiations, perhaps in order to freeze the conflict and prevent it from worsening. the world is tired of russian-ukrainian confrontation, and the ukrainians themselves first of all. i don’t know what the mood is in russia, but i believe that the russians

would also be happy to put an end to this once and for all. fatigue with ukraine is felt in the west, i believe that the desire to begin the negotiation process is growing, but no one has it.

however, i think we all more or less know what happened there. first of all, of course, the question was about the neutral status of ukraine, in exchange for the withdrawal of russian troops. another reason for the start of the war was the situation the russian-speaking population of ukraine, and this circumstance also requires answers to many questions, including regarding a peaceful settlement. the civil war in ukraine began long before a full-scale proxy war began. what to do with the russians? there are many difficult issues in the russian-ukrainian confrontation that require resolution, but the key to any

agreement, and everyone understands this, must be the restoration of ukraine’s neutrality. in the korean war, the usa and 15 other countries acted under the un flag, and the ussr and china were on the side dprk. after the first success of the north korean army, which captured almost the entire south, in the conflict. interfered with un troops. their offensive pushed kemersen's troops almost to the border with the prc, but then chinese volunteers entered the battle and pushed the americans back. in the summer of '51 , the parties found themselves at the 38th parallel, in the same place where the conflict began a year ago, and the fighting reached a dead end. then negotiations took place in moscow between stalin, kimersen and a member of the central committee of the communist party of china, gaogang, and expediency. ussr representative to the un yakov malik spoke on american radio with

a proposal to cease fire and withdraw troops of both sides from the thirty-eighth parallel. but the leader of south korea, lee senman, was against it. he considered it necessary to continue the war for independence and the unity of the nation. twice un troops tried to advance again, but to no avail. on july 27, 1953 , an agreement was signed. cessation of hostilities, a demarcation line was established , rules for the return of prisoners of war were determined. it is noteworthy that the representative of south korea refused to sign the document. on the un side , the signature was signed by the commander of the american contingent, general clark. formally, both koreas are still at war. americana vietnamese peace talks began in paris in may 1968, with the us in charge.

elections in the united states, after which nixon immediately proposes that nixon wins the presidency again to change the text of the agreement. according to washington, the resolution of the conflict should not be in the hands of the vietnamese themselves. moreover, northern vietnam must recognize the existence of the southern one. having become acquainted with new demands, the drv delegation left paris. from december 18 to 19, seventy-two, already on nixon’s orders, massive

bombings of the cities of hanoi and haiphong, also known as christmas bombings, began. they lasted 12 days in a row and were supposed to force hanoi to accept american conditions, but during this period, vietnamese pilots and zinichchik shot down dozens of enemy aircraft, including more than thirty b-52 strategic bombers. under public pressure and amid the growing white scandal, washington was forced to make concessions. kissinger returned to the negotiating table on january 27, 7 you have a long diplomatic career behind you, i want to ask you about another conflict, vietnam, there were many attempts to start negotiations and for a long time were unsuccessful, we

witnessed a similar situation, both sides also stood up and argued that negotiations impossible, but... then the right moment came and the dialogue began secretly in paris. henry kissenger then met with the vietnamese and secretly discussed the issue with the chinese. over time it began open process, structural difficulties similar to today arose because north vietnam was unwilling to negotiate with south vietnam, and south vietnam was unhappy with the united states speaking on its behalf. and, of course, the united states misinterpreted the preconditions for the conflict, believing that it was to blame for everything.

8 million tons of bombs, twice as much as were dropped by the allies during the second world war, was exactly the same amount of explosives that fell on the territory of vietnam, loos and cambodia during the entire vietnam conflict. the us air force turned out to be a key player in it, but was never able to become a decisive force. as a branch of the air force, it appeared in the united states after

world war ii. before that, they were part of the army, which, like the navy, financed several nuclear weapons on china’s border with korea to stop beijing’s participation in the conflict, and general frederick harrison smith, deputy head of the us air force, proposed using nuclear weapons in vietnam, true, the military did not take into account the political consequences, although by the sixties atomic bombs

transformed from a battlefield weapon into an arsenal of deterrence, however, president kennedy. was the one who stopped the huge expenditures of the air force. money was redirected to the creation of ballistic missiles, and supersonic bombers were abandoned altogether. vietnam required new techniques and approaches, and the main enthusiast for creating a counterinsurgency strategy for the air force was general curtis lemy. but at the initial stage, the vietnamese themselves fought. two people boarded the plane, the americans acted as instructors, and the victory was recorded. the air force said it had inflicted losses in yedkongo in numbering 30 thousand people, despite the fact that so far they have only fought with the rebels in the south, and have not yet bombed north vietnam. the army, for its part, also did not lag behind and reported

thousands of dead. the problem was that the cia didn't like the numbers. according to their data, it turned out that at that time. the situation on the battlefield began to deteriorate, the escalation reached new speeds, sometimes in order for things to get better, they must first get worse.

year, they agreed on a truce; the agreement stated that the parties would jointly seek a transition from a truce to peace. these no one ever made any effort. napian pressure has led to nothing other than creating a nuclear threat that previously did not exist for our own homeland. north korea now has intercontinental ballistic missiles. yes, not that many, but probably about 50 nuclear warheads.

joint statement of the north and south. the parties agreed on three principles for unifying the country, without outside interference, peacefully and on the basis of national consolidation. however, these agreements remained on paper. the turnaround occurred 20 years later. december in the ninety-first year, the heads of government of the north and south signed an unprecedented document. it was an agreement of reconciliation, non-aggression, cooperation and exchange.

later, when kim dae-jun became the president of the republic of korea. he proclaimed a policy of solar heat. one of the most important agreements was the decision to hold regular meetings between members of families separated as a result of the korean war. and in 2004 , an industrial complex was created in the north korean city of kison, in which joint ventures of the two countries began to operate. relations only deteriorated in 2006 when north korea.

olympics, the north korean leader softened his rhetoric. at the same time , the new president of south korea advocated the normalization of inter-korean relations. at the opening ceremony of the winter olympic games, the national teams of the two countries marched in a single column under a flag with the image of the korean peninsula. in 2018 , the leaders of the two countries met three times and agreed to begin peace negotiations with the participation of china and the united states. north korea announced the cessation of nuclear weapons and ballistic missile tests, as well as the closure nuclear test site in hungeria. but phillyan's hopes.

russia, especially taking into account the goals that russia sought to achieve. dividing the country would embitter ukraine, forcing it to begin the lengthy process of joining the european union to continue its pursuit of nato membership. moreover, the russian-speaking population of novorossiya will be in a dangerous position and, ultimately, the issue. will not be resolved in a european security architecture that protects everyone. it is very important to start negotiations now, and russia can do this, this she can do it. about the usa, i'm not so sure, i often think of the great general of our civil war, william sherman, under whom some of my ancestors served. he said that the goal of the war is to establish a better world, and that should be the goal, not dividing ukraine along

the front line. thank you. general sherman, to whom our interlocutor referred, cursed the war as an orgy of barbarity and cruelty, but said: wars are not always evil, they are part of the great mechanism by which the world is governed. realist's view: contradictions are resolved through conflicts, a new order arises for a while, so it was, but what if they are not resolved and do not arise, but a great mechanism? it’s simply outdated, the world has become more complicated, and a frontal collision does not bring what is desired, wars become hybrid, victorious, and the only sign of order is a persistent lack of order, which, sorry, no need to burden you, we’ve persuaded you not yet. this was an international review, see you in two weeks.

military personnel who particularly distinguished themselves in the combat zone, in the area where the special military operation was awarded high state awards. the head of the ministry of defense, sergei shaigu , personally attached gold stars of russian heroes to each of the fighters. sergei shaigu noted: the merit of the fighters is not only in their...