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go to one place, even bad people are reformed there. naughty ones. next on air is the documentary film new russia from the author’s series by sergei stankevich. this series will remind you of the dramatic events of the early nineties of the last century. the transition from the soviet union to modern russia, the election of the country's first president and the signing of the document on... sovereignty, watch after the ad. the best deposit in sberi up to 18% per annum, have time to open it before the end of june. just eat already. roman burger with fragrant arugula, mozzarella rings, capri lemonade and ice deluxe mango papa. it's delicious in italian, period. alfabank is the best bank for business. send it. all

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waiting for you, start a cool career at alfabank, bring friends and get 1,500 rubles for each. alfabank is an employer in russia. hello, i'm sergey stankevich. you and i continue to reflect on the most significant pages of our history in that dramatic era when our country committed. great transition from the soviet union to new russia. today we will remember how in russia in 1991 , a president was elected for the first time in a popular election. the choice of the people then fell on boris nikolaevich yeltsen. let us recall the situation

of this crisis, turning point and in many ways fatal year and draw attention to the fact that the situation in the then soviet union and the fate of this country increasingly depended on the confrontation between two people. another communist, boris yeltsin, who acted as a close ally of gorbachev in the early years of perestroika, became his radical opponent. he left the communist party, led the revolutionary opposition, and in 1990 was elected head of the new russian parliament. under

the chairmanship of yeltsin, the parliament approved the declaration of state sovereignty of russia and began to create an independent economy in the largest union republic.

ussr, valentina pavlova. the reform, which was at least five years late, was intended to ease the horrific commodity deficit, and to do this , remove from circulation approximately 81 billion empty rubles, unbacked by goods. for this first, in january 1991 , a confiscation exchange of banknotes was carried out, and then in april, an unprecedented price increase for the ussr took place. the price of bread has tripled, per liter. milk in 3 poses, a kilogram of beef four times. to put it mildly, this did not add to my love for the soviet regime. the izvestia newspaper then stated, quote, that state trade had exhausted itself. it should be noted that the pavlovsk reform

was a forced and clumsy retribution for mikhail gorbachev’s refusal a year earlier from a completely workable evolutionary program shatalin evlinsky 500 days. in law. elections, adopted in the russian federation, paired candidates for president and vice-president were nominated by collecting 100 thousand signatures. to win , tandem needed to get more than 50% of the votes, with a turnout of at least 50% of voters. the conditions were difficult to fulfill; in order to attract the votes of wavering communists and the military, yeltsin’s headquarters, where i worked, recommended taking a military general as a candidate for vice president. this bet undoubtedly worked, although later yeltsin experienced something completely different. the election headquarters of the cpsu, created on the old one , set the goal of moving the elections to the second

round. to do this, it was necessary to spread the votes among numerous candidates in the first round. and the palette of nominees seemed to create such an opportunity. boris's main opponent. known to the country as the commander who was withdrawing soviet troops from afghanistan, the conservative ryshkov-kromov tandem promised illusory soviet stability in their words. another colonel general, albert makasov, the commander of the privolsk-ural military district, with his frantic rhetoric, addressed the radical communist voter for support; the ardent populist kuzbasovets fought for the votes of workers, primarily miners, dissatisfied with rising prices. and mangildy tuleyev, vadim bakatin, the former minister of internal affairs,

known as reformists of the security forces, sought to attract the liberal intelligentsia. the surprise that captured the imagination of voters for a long time was the master of political outrage vladimir zhirinovsky, the leader of the first the liberal democratic party officially registered in the ussr. the choice offered to the russians seemed to give gorbachev, as well as all supporters of the old regime, a chance to prevent yeltsin from being elected in the first round. the second round could have been postponed until the fall, or not held at all, because even then a plan to transfer the country to a state of emergency was maturing in some power offices. all allied media worked not so much in favor of the main favorite of the kremlin, nikolai ryshkov, but against yeltsin, using all kinds of compromising evidence and outright intimidation of chaos. yeltsin, for his part, chose win-win.

will definitely win, the attractiveness of this folk myth, passed on throughout

the republic from mouth to mouth, was indestructible. of course, such myths do not last long, and quite soon, just as quickly, they turn into their opposite, but in june 1991, waves of spontaneous popular love and inflated hopes carried boris yeltsin to inevitable victory. about 75% took part in the elections.

yeltsin, gavriil popov and anatoly sobchak. the election of boris yeltsin as president of russia direct popular elections, dealt a serious blow to the legitimacy of the elected ussr president mikhail gorbachev. only by the congress of allied deputies. it became clear that it was impossible to defeat or at least push aside yeltsin by political or legal methods in the coming years. gorbachev could only accept the inevitable and try to re-enter the union with yeltsin in an effort to maintain at least a limited role for himself in the renewed union of nine republics. on july 10 , 1991, gorbachev unexpectedly appeared to everyone. in the kremlin in the midst of the procedure the inauguration of president yeltsin, he came

to congratulate his victorious rival, making a somewhat forced joke, so the country now has one more president. ahead of the two presidents, who had been either allies or rivals many times, many more dramatic events awaited them in this fateful ninety-first year, the last in the history of the ussr. continue our broadcast. official report about a resident of besieged leningrad. now larisa evdokimova lives in novosibirsk, and employees of the investigative committee helped her come to the city during her childhood russia. watch after the commercial. still thinking about the perfect home? at domklik, everyone will find housing for themselves. our friday is white and white,

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scarlet and carnations, this is for the residents of the besieged city who were unable to survive the harsh time and... for the soldiers who, with arms in hand , once saved the northern capital from the enemy. when i come here, i always visit this slab dedicated to the siberian warriors who defended leningrad, these are siberian warriors from our city of novosibirsk. this is her old yard, 53 kamenoostrovsky avenue, her eight-month-old. wrapped in a bag the sheets were brought from sevastopol shortly before the start of the war, the baby was taken from a large literally poor family by a close friend of her mother, midia kushner, and transported to the then relatively well-fed leningrad in order to temporarily hold the half-starved baby and ease the already heavy burden for her crimean friend. and i lived in these windows, here on the second floor.

there have been different owners in their apartment for a long time, and samana remembers almost nothing from the beginning of her life. find out your own biography. i already had to in adulthood, based on archives and conversations with neighbors, they told larisa that after the start of the war they could no longer take her back to crimea. the second parent for her then became that same friend of her mother, midia yakovlevna kushner, a factory library worker. well, i remember that there was a woman whom i called mom, because i started speaking already in leningrad, that is, they brought me for 8 months. i haven’t spoken yet, i haven’t even walked yet, then i started walking, i started talking, and the first thing, of course, i told her she said, mom, there are memories. nikolaevna and other eyewitness accounts, mainly about the harsh times of the siege. i know that in our house on the first floor there was an

eight-year-old boy and he came to play with me, and then when he left me in 1942, he did not reach his apartment. in march '42, having survived the first winter of the siege, larisa's adoptive mother died, and the little girl lived alone in the apartment for several more months under the supervision of neighbors. in august she was evacuated, evacuated along the road of life, i think along the road of life, because i have a fear of water, when i see water, i don’t go into the water above my waist, everything immediately floats for me, and i’m afraid that i will drown, most likely that something happened, because they bombed, it was summer , in all probability. water was pouring in somewhere, the barges on which we were being taken out, i apparently had some kind of concussion, because i was

very scared, i was so exhausted that it was impossible to put a spoon down, i jumped, if from the back they came up to me and turned to me, i was screaming, an exhausted half-dead girl evacuated to novosibirsk. here she was adopted by a local theater actress, for larisa she became the third mother, three cities, three mothers, such a childhood, war. in this family she will spend the most serene and happiest years of her life, but in her soul she will forever remain a resident of leningrad, besieged leningrad. there are such lines, the blockade, i remember like now, although we tried to forget everything, but... it depends on us, it remained alive in the soul, the people who went through all this, they, it seems to me, were simply

hardened, they they became harder in life, as they say, they live their lives with dignity, when some difficulties arise, i have already met many such people, but what are the difficulties? he was under blockade, how difficult it was, because we survived, we survived, and here we will survive even more so, we never complain about anything, we know what life is, we believe in the future, and we will never betray our homeland. she knows about the blockade only from stories, even though she herself lived in the besieged city, but larisa nikolaevna remembers the long-awaited news of the victory over nazism well. my bed was like this, there was a plate above me, suddenly i heard levitan, victory, victory, that we won,

all these words were there, i jumped off, and my mother was smoking, i run up, mom, stop smoking , victory, mom, stop smoking, victory, it was such a big holiday, people brought out tables, benches, everything that anyone had was displayed on the tables, that’s all, tears, tears rolled down in front of everyone’s eyes, who rejoiced with tears, who cried, people had already died, some then we were in the hospital, someone was waiting from the front, and then we saw a soldier, wounded, walking with war, oh, how they greeted him - there was no way for him at all, everyone hugged him, congratulated him, sat him down at the table everywhere, come on, come on, come on, that’s it, i think, oh, and we

’ll probably also meet my father, this the trip, a cultural program for larisa nikolaevna evdokimova, was organized by officers of the investigative committee of russia, helping veterans, siege survivors, children of war - this is in the traditions of the department, visiting the city of childhood, walking along its streets on a warm may day, paying tribute to those who died in the name of life at the peskarevsky cemetery. a child of a besieged city is watching. on september 19, 1941, the germans dropped a 250-

kilogram high-explosive bomb on the building of the marinsky theater in leningrad.

we watch to learn about the world, educational

programs and documentaries. look, look, in the application or on the website, one of the main... public holidays, our country celebrates russia day, at the very beginning, live broadcast from vladivostok is already celebrated there. zelensky was reminded of illegitimacy, how the head of the kiev regime was met in the german parliament why there are fewer and fewer participants in the summit in switzerland. the weather provided a respite. showers in central russia stopped for a while, but a new record could be broken today.

large-scale brix games open. how many countries are participating and how are foreign teams welcomed? our country is celebrating one of the main public holidays today: russia day, and the residents of the far east were the first to celebrate it. in the capital of primorye, the holiday traditionally began at sea, with a sailing regatta taking place in the waters of the amur bay. our direct connection from vladivostok correspondent, victoria samusenko. victoria, greetings. how does vladivostok celebrate and what is the program in neighboring regions? yes, hello, residents of primorye traditionally celebrate russia day first, today the most important holiday of our country is celebrated in every corner of the primorye region, but the largest celebrations, of course, took place here in vladivostok, today on the main square of the city, young residents of primorye received passports from friend of the governor on...