recent times. the prisoner exchange deal between the united states and russia was clearly a victory for vladimir putin. the russians were able to extract an excellent, phenomenal deal from biden, said donald trump. today new details have become known. russia did not forget about its own for a minute. this is special, vladimir putin emphasized. with details anton potkovenko. negotiations on the exchange, which is already being called historic, were conducted mainly through the fsb and the cia. russian dialogue. american intelligence agencies were not advertised, as it should be in such in cases where exchanges, especially at this level, are a very delicate matter, the release of russians was made possible by vladimir putin’s tough position of exchanging, and not extraditing, as a gesture of goodwill, convicted americans, noted presidential press secretary dmitry peskov. according to him, they tried to put pressure on our people there. according to one of gru’s employees, the americans tried to influence this gru employee who was in prison there, they found here...

in the west there is a life sentence, and there, as if they cannot come to terms with the fact that we had to let our people go. in germany, for example, insinuations continue about vadim krasikov, an fsb officer who was sentenced to life by the germans and now exchanged, who served in the alpha special unit, along with several active members of the presidential guard. bilt tabloid headline. the tiergarten killer is free. tiergarton, because in this park in berlin in 1919 the militant zelimkhan khangashvili was shot dead.

was one of the organizers of the explosions in the moscow metro, transferred to the west by extremis foreign agents rushed to give interviews and announce press conferences at this one in bonn yashin, pivovarov, kara murza, as usual , pretend to be victims, but it doesn’t work out very well, a delegation of doctors came to each of us this morning, about 10 people, probably wearing masks, yes, they woke us up at 8 am with a very dramatic look and said that we had received the results of your tests, do we

have the results of your blood tests? we found that they were deficient in vitamin d. we could only see the sun through the screened windows. so, overall, we're actually fine. we didn’t know when the exchange would take place, but we worked on it, went to the state debate, collected a package of documents about the state of health of the client, says igor litvak, lawyer of roman seleznev, who was detained by us secret service agents in the maldives in 1914. he was found guilty. for cyber fraud, he was sentenced to many years in prison, and his appeal was denied. he did not receive medical care in america in prisons, so we went to the state debate, we met with them, i sent them some documents and we put pressure on them, no one i didn’t know the specific date, but if roman had not returned to his homeland, he would have died in prison in america; his life was actually saved. tonight, after a ten-year separation, i met my son and, being in such a state of shock, he was even more... about this,

he pinched his leg and said: dad, this is not a dream, i say, not a dream, i’m almost in tears , we must simply pay tribute to the special services, who carried out this operation at the most complex level at the highest level of preparation, so no one here, believe me, is especially knew, except for those directly involved, therefore - i learned about the result of this operation together with you, with everyone, gonzalo baye, lawyers.

the exchange happens quietly, that is, before it happens, there are negotiations, the negotiations can be very long and difficult, but that is...

that is, they didn’t even know who putin was, they don’t speak russian, and putin greeted in spanish, he said “ we have a fight tonight.” greetings in spanish and a bouquet from the hands of the head of state. red carpet, honor guard, everyone who was exchanged, they were greeted as heroes who defended the interests of our country and did not break down in prison. the fate of all russians who are now imprisoned abroad in the united states,

willon, who emerged from the plane first, is greeted with applause and hugs. posing with smiles for the cameras, both joe biden and kamela haris are so carried away that they seem to forget how many people they exchanged. and this is evan gershkovich just coming off the plane, hands on hips, smile from ear to ear. those who arrived in the united states are immediately thrown into prison in front of journalists. gifts. it seems that for the sake of ratings on the eve of the elections, the democrats are ready to take off the last shirt from joe biden, who has dropped out of the race. to somehow correct his image. president biden gave me his badge, it's an american flag. he wore it on his lapel. we chatted and he took it off and gave it to me, so it's a keepsake. joe himself is also trying his best, almost attributing all the negotiations regarding the exchange to his beloved. did you think

this moment would come? what made you feel so confident? my relationship with other heads of state, with whom. i had to agree on many issues, so olaf scholz, as if justifying the release of vadim krasikov, sentenced in germany to life imprisonment for the murder of a terrorist, confirms that this is all for the sake of strengthening relations with a great ally. now is a special moment for me again, a moment that certainly strengthened the friendship between the united states and germany, the conversation that i had with the american president greatly emphasized this. playing along with the democrats, the german press... agrees with washington, for donald trump, berlin would hardly take such a step. however, the step, in the opinion of the german public, is controversial; while the minister of justice calls this the most bitter concession to vladimir putin, others are much harsher. this is vladimir

putin's middle finger to the west, he showed it to them, and above all it is a powerful message to his agents. it says, "we will take care of ourselves, we will bring every agent home." he 's done it now. there are plenty of indecent gestures in the west towards the white house. bloggers say not only about biden's failure in the negotiations, but they remind that in 2018 , donald trump returned three americans from north korea without any exchange. fox reporters wonder how fair this exchange is. shouldn't more americans have been released? the relatives of those who were not on the plane that arrived in the united states are asking the same thing. historical exchange of prisoners since the second world war, so they say, but why was mark vogel not included, he was accused in the same way as britney greiner, but there was no nba or wall street journal behind them, yes he has influenced many around the world, one of his students works at your studio, it's completely unfair

that he wasn't brought home with the others as part of this exchange, biden administration , nothing would be lost from this. biden was also criticized for the supposed wide publicity of the exchange. by bringing home journalists accused of spying, the white house is provoking new arrests of americans abroad, which means giving adversaries leverage over the united states and allies. russian army over the course of a week, it carried out 11 group strikes on ukrainian military factories, assembly shops and storage areas for combat drones, as well as on ammunition depots, military echelons and militant deployment points. during this time , zelensky’s formation lost another 13,600 soldiers and mercenary officers, 14 tanks and 42 other armored vehicles were destroyed, as well as almost 200 self-propelled guns and missiles. systems, mainly produced by nato countries. there are fierce battles on the outskirts of toretsk. this is

an important node, the key to the slavic-kramatorsk agglomeration. about the opposition of fpv calculations drones and battles of the terek brigade, our war correspondent evgeniy poddobny. the closer the front edge, the faster sections of the road have to go through. at the front, the main factor of losses remains.

now they will do everything possible to slow down the advance of our troops and support the infantry units of the kiev regime in defense, to help maintain their combat stability, despite serious opposition, our units are slowly moving forward, the enemy is in a similar position, our group is accompanying the calculation kamikaze drones, the task is to destroy a camouflaged stronghold of the kiev regime militants in a forest belt, for this , engineers attach incendiary

ammunition to the drone, hitting the dense crowns of trees with other types of projectiles is now ineffective, listen, how many kilometers can you fly with an air repeater, you can fly a raft up to 20 km , this is just a panacea for many ills, so i went, let's go. for a few minutes the supporter of the formation of the kiev regime is on fire, our crew goes to cover, pilots of the pividron, a volunteer on in civilian life he worked as a 3d visualizer, he didn’t even do military service, but here he’s in the right place, he says, he went to fight because of the barbaric shelling of russian cities, oh, well, well, the heightened sense of injustice is somehow unreal. anger, well , i really want to be somehow on

our side and effective, when you look at footage from the same belgorod, something like this. indiscriminate attacks by militants of the kiev regime on civilians have inspired many who are now here at the front to take up arms. we stop by the cossack reconnaissance station terik brigade, it is staffed with volunteers. general fadyukhin is on the front line, he says the situation is difficult. here on...

know everything about russia, the best historical series, watch, watch, in the application or on the website, humanity has lived on earth for 8 million years, all this time the world around us

is changing continuously, regimes are born and die, appear and.. states are disappearing, currencies are being introduced, and currencies are depreciating, but there is also something that will never change, this is gold, they say it is highly liquid, this means that no matter what happens, gold will always have a price. expensive, liquid from the latin word liquid flowing, for hundreds and thousands of years it is gold that is the most plastic metal flowing through the arteries of our world, protecting us from a variety of troubles,

can depreciate, foreign currency is protected from shocks, the national currency can be frozen, blocked, with it is very difficult to do such things with gold, as the refuge asset confirmed its status, the gold reserve is in the country, in vaults, and in the end no one could do anything with it, gold. this is one of the universal tools that has passed test of time, one of the very effective tools for such long-term financial investments. with the exception of money itself

, this is probably the second most liquid instrument. its price is quite stable, because the whole world recognizes it as an alternative to money, its absolute liquidity, liquidity, the ability to exchange one thing for money, in the event of a global shutdown of all electricity and lack of payments, gold is physically there, gold. won this status as a material, a product that can perform a function money, any money should have exactly these properties, rare, difficult to counterfeit, at the same time it can be separated, divided into smaller denominations, at the same time it can be combined and so on, it’s surprising, but gold is exactly that

metal , which had these properties, performs the same function of world... money to this day, in the financial system, gold plays a fundamental role, it is the same currency as any other currency in the world, it is the same store of value, a unit of account means of exchange, this has been the case for centuries, gold as an equivalent of money has been used by humanity for thousands of years, the first gold coins were minted: even before our era in ancient greece, for many centuries there was no more reliable, universally recognized way to pay for a product or service. when we go abroad, we take foreign currency with us. what did people do before? there was always a risk, the risk that on the way,

the traveler could be attacked or robbed. the same crusaders during the crusades used this method of protection pilgrims, when a european, a frenchman or an englishman went to jerusalem to the holy land, in modern language, they came to the crusaders’ office in their city, handed over these coins, in return they received, well, something similar to a piece of leather or fabric. where there was such a certain imprint - the seal of the crusaders already set off on a journey not with gold and silver coins, but with this leather fabric. and used it as a payment instrument, that is, if robbers attacked them on the road, they could not take anything, because this piece

the skin was of no value to them, and in modern terms, it could only be cashed in the crusader office; to some extent, these were the first analogues of our modern bank cards that we use today. gold has historically played the role of a reserve stock of funds. almost all the holdings of governments, ordinary people and investors were held in gold, a physical asset. going back to spain's conquest of the new world, which took place in the 16th and 17th centuries, there was gold in continental europe at this time.

replaced gold in many ways, but nevertheless its value is still very high. for many years , most developed countries of the world recognized the gold standard system. this system means that debts, the national currency, are backed by gold and can be exchanged for it on demand. the gold standard protects against inflation, makes the economy stable, but... allows it to grow, countries began to abandon this system with the beginning of the first world war. the gold standard monetary system was adopted at the end of the 19th and

beginning of the 20th centuries. at that time there was a lot in the world wars, and inflation could easily get out of control. therefore, countries wanted to maintain order in financial management and monetary policy. this prevented over-printing of money, and also ensured that the banknotes that central banks printed could be trusted, countries could trust each other's currencies, they could be sure that the foreign currency received for the goods was backed by real gold bullion, the exact dates when abandoned the gold standard,

truman, these were the three men who discussed the future world financial system, and the founding conference took place in the town of brattan woods, they set the rules

according to which the price of the dollar is attached to the price of gold, to be more precise, the price is 35 us dollars per troy ounce of gold. the rest of the world's currencies also depend on the dollar. therefore, they have a fixed exchange rate in relation to the price of gold. this system will be used for the next 30 years. in 1965 , the president of france formally asked the united states to exchange dollars from the french government reserve for gold. after some time , ships with gold bars went to france from america. in total, the french exchanged $5 billion for gold. history, when degol returned the dollar and received gold back, this was precisely within the framework of the established order of the reverse-guz system, degol decided with the help of his advisors that, in general, gold was a

reliable thing. american banknotes are less reliable, which is why he appealed, in accordance with the rules of the imf and the then american system in general, with a demand to carry out the exchange of money signs of the united states of america for gold, which was done, that is, back then you can even find on the internet footage of french ships in american ports, where cash dollars were also loaded, because then there was no such thing, most of everything after all, there wasn’t a lot of money then ... in cash, they physically and accordingly loaded bullion with gold. i think that, probably, this was also one of the factors that the united states decided to abandon the exchange of the dollar for gold, mavliya, who else will go along, as it were, you know, a bad example is contagious, as they say, who else will not demand gold in exchange for money. therefore, america officially announced the need to abandon the gold standard, that is, this led to the collapse of the british system, in 1976

a system arose in which... you and i live now, it is called the jamaican currency system, in which gold is not the same which is not, does not have the function of a currency, moreover, the sixth article of the charter of the international monetary fund, it directly prohibits all countries, members of the ocf, this is almost the entire the modern world indicates the gold content of its currencies, that is, gold has been officially withdrawn from monetary circulation; gold remains to this day as part of the financial system. in the banking system, as a payment instrument, as a financial instrument, all states have gold reserves; often, when it comes to some macroeconomic indicators, they always remember and discuss gold and foreign exchange reserves, which consist of gold reserves and those same international currencies , which are used in international trade, well, strictly speaking, private investors also have not abandoned

the use of... gold as a financial asset, as money, gold reserves, sometimes called gold reserves, are physical reserves of gold that are located in the vaults of the ministry of finance or the central bank in almost every country. it is used as an anti-crisis mechanism for stabilizing the economy, a means of payment in case payment of currency is impossible. despite the development of digital technologies, impersonal metal accounts. virtual money, countries still hold part of your stock in physical gold bars. the concept of central bank gold reserves has been around for quite some time, centuries to be exact. central banks of various countries, especially those that are richer, british, french, american, then japanese, more recently russian, chinese, brazilian.

the mexicans have owned physical gold assets for centuries, a historical continuation of the logic that gold is the most valuable asset, a continuation of the idea that gold will valuable, no matter the circumstances. doomsday reserve what case if we have. everything is shut down, there is still no liquidity, this is the very, well, here is our reserve for a rainy day, however, in order to sell it further to fulfill its functions, the last time, in my opinion, something similar was close was when there was the second world war, so this is, well some kind of apocalypse scenario. all states also have a function, yes, that is, to maintain

reserves, because the state must. naturally, the role of gold also grows for the state, if the state strives for sovereignty, then it increases, tries to increase its golden law. the largest gold reserve in the united states of america, 83 and a half. for a minute, he and they will take first place among the countries with gold reserves, then they are followed by, the next three countries are germany, italy and france, the only countries that have this circle, that have, well, such an impressive gold reserve, this is us, this is india and this is china, that is, the largest and strongest economies outside the collective west.